CN103821153A - Arsenic sandstone slope treating method - Google Patents
Arsenic sandstone slope treating method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an arsenic sandstone slope treating method and mainly applies to conservation of water and soil, vegetation and stabilization treatment of the arsenic sandstone slope. The arsenic sandstone slope treating method includes a steep slope treatment process, a slope crest treatment process and a slope base treatment process. The slope treatment process includes excavating a catchwater at the position distant from the slope crest by 1-3m, and excavating fish-scale pits at the position of the catchwater distant from the abrupt slope by more 2m; spraying resin solution in 5-15% concentration onto rock soil between the catchwater and the top edge of the slope to form a water-resisting layer. The steep slope treatment process includes dividing the slope into a steep slope, a moderate slope and a gentle slope according to the gradient of the slope; spraying different concentrations of resin solution on the surface of the slope according to different slopes. The slope base treatment process includes spraying the resin solution in 3-5% concentration on the surface of the slope base to form a greening layer, and planting herbaceous plants and woody plants. Compared with the prior art, the arsenic sandstone slope treating method has the advantages of high efficiency and convenience in resin spraying and construction, stability in the slope after implementation and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection and ecological construction technical field, be specifically related to the technology of a kind of novel feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement and feldspathic sandstone water and soil conservation and ecological construction, belong to conservation technology field.
Background technology
Feldspathic sandstone is called as " world's soil erosion " and " environment cancer ", very harmful to nature, ecological, environment.Be distributed widely in the Huanghe valley, wherein the region centered by Jin, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia border on district.Specifically refer to the alternating layers of the Permian Period in the Paleozoic Era, Triassic period in Mesozoic Era, Jurassic Period and cretaceous thick-layer sandstone, sand shale and mud stone composition, being the core of concentrated chip area of sediment yield from base rock, loess plateau, is an important component part of Sandy Areas, the Huanghe valley.Be characterized in anhydrous hard as hard rock, chance water is soft as mud, meets weathering and erosion of wind.Due to this district's breaking topography, vegetation rareness, drought, amount of precipitation is few, and heavy rain is concentrated, and much sandstorms, and soil erosion is very serious, and ecological environment is particularly fragile.
At present, feldspathic sandstone area Measures for Soil Erosion mainly contains biological control measure and engineering measure.Wherein, the chemical consolidation material that water and soil conservation is used mainly contains cement inorganic material, organic cementitious materials and organic and inorganic composite cementitious materials three classes, and biological control measure is mainly seabuckthorn plant flexible dam.At present, chemical consolidation and biological control combination are the effective means of prevention soil and water loss.But existing cementing material in durability, plant the aspect such as natural disposition, economy and more or less exist defect.
The present invention is based on fixed, the against corrosion and growth-promoting technology of feldspathic sandstone base soil, adopt environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane material modification feldspathic sandstone base soil, and in conjunction with top, slope and domatic growth-promoting technology, realize the fixed and against corrosion of feldspathic sandstone base soil, improve feldspathic sandstone area Current Status of Soil Erosion.
Summary of the invention
technical problem:the object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly based on resin material, reduce the feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement method of the serious soil erosion problem in feldspathic sandstone area by the application of the technology such as solid soil, against corrosion, growth-promoting.
technical scheme:
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement method, is characterized in that: comprise that process on slope, process on top, slope and bottom, slope reason, wherein:
Slope surface treatment technique is:
First,, apart from top 1～3m position, slope excavation catchwater, excavate in addition fish-scale pit at catchwater away from abrupt slope direction 2m; Secondly, in fish-scale pit, plant local drought enduring plant; Finally, catchwater and and slope top between ground on the spray concentration resin solution that is 5%～15%.Adopt the resin solution of 5%～15% spray concentration to make it form the thick water barrier of 3 ~ 15mm on feldspathic sandstone surface.This water barrier has and prevents from oozing the effect that occurs feldspathic sandstone disintegration to basement rock under moisture content further.
Increase the thickness of this water barrier as needed in engineering practice, can adopt first scarifying topsoil to 1.2 ~ 2 times of the impermeable layer thickness requiring, the technical measures such as the resin solution that then spray solarization concentration is 5%～15%.
Slope treatment process is:
Step 1, according to the gradient on slope, by domatic abrupt slope, moderate slope and the gentle slope of being divided into, wherein, the domatic of the gradient >=63 ° is abrupt slope; The gradient be 25 °～63 ° domatic for moderate domatic; The domatic of 25 ° of gradient < is gentle slope;
Step 2, according to domatic difference, at the different resin solution of domatic surface sprinkling concentration, wherein the concentration of abrupt slope resin solution is 5～10%, forms water barrier on abrupt slope surface; This water barrier is mainly used in stablizing sty, and has reduced greatly itself and the contacting of water; The domatic resin solution concentration of moderate is 3～7%, forms the thick growth-promoting layer of 3 ~ 9mm on surface, moderate slope; The resin solution concentration on gentle slope is 3～5%, forms the thick green layer of 3 ~ 7mm on surface, gentle slope;
Step 3, on described growth-promoting layer, plant herbaceous plant; Green layer plantation xylophyta;
At the bottom of slope, treatment process is: the surface sprinkling concentration at the bottom of slope is that 3～5% resin solutions form the thick green layer of 3 ~ 7mm, and on green layer, plants herbaceous plant and xylophyta.
The mode that feldspathic sandstone area bringing soil erosion under control of the present invention mainly combines with engineering measure, chemical measure and biological control measure is launched.Mainly comprise top, slope (cutting diversion and fish-scale pit arranges), slope surface treatment and growth-promoting measure.Specifically comprise the steps:
(1) process on top, slope
In top, slope plane apart from abrupt slope certain distance, adopt intercepting water of combining with fish-scale pit of catchwater, diversion mode.First, excavating catchwater apart from top 1～3m position, abrupt slope, (away from abrupt slope direction) excavation fish-scale pit beyond catchwater 2m.Secondly, in fish-scale pit, plant local common economic drought enduring plant.Finally, catchwater and and precipice, slope between ground on the spray concentration environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane material that is 5%～15%.
(2) process on abrupt slope
Domatic for the gradient >=63 °, i.e. abrupt slope, first clears up top layer gravelly soil loose, that closely peel off, then sprays the environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane material of high concentration (5～10%).Form the topping with waterproof, anti-erosion effect on abrupt slope outlier surface.Due to the use of above-mentioned concentration polyurethane material, can make this topping there is preferably mechanical property, freezing and thawing performance, anti-permeability performance and weatherability.Can effectively prevent that by this fish tail and waterproof layer the domatic appearance in abrupt slope is because meeting peel off, the cave in generation of phenomenon of the domatic rock mass that causes of cement.
(3) moderate slope surface treatment
Domatic for 25 °～63 °, moderate is domatic.This type of domatic feldspathic sandstone base soil producing under the effects such as waterpower (water erosion and freeze thawing), gravity, weathering runs off relatively easily controlled, and plant growing condition has greater advantage compared with abrupt slope.
Spreading grass seeds spray the environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane resin solution (and according to circumstances add a certain amount of water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent etc.) of low concentration (3～7%) on moderate is domatic, forms growth-promoting layer.Due to the use of above-mentioned concentration polyurethane material, before herbaceous plant can be stablized solid soil, this growth-promoting layer and basement rock have good caking property, and have good resistance to freezing and thawing, permeability resistance.Can stablize after solid soil herbaceous plant, for the environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane resin of this growth-promoting layer by natural degradation.By the chemical consolidation of above-mentioned hydrophilic polyurethane resin, can well increase the domatic structural stability of moderate, reduce to a great extent this type of domatic probability that occurs the diseases such as water erosion, mass erosion, weathering Erosion; The use of water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent, for the growth of straw or like vegetable provides very favourable condition.Because water-loss reducer and modified polyurethane resin chemical consolidation layer have porosity feature, be conducive to along abrupt slope and under rainwater retain moderate is domatic, for the lasting growth of grass seeds provides material conditions.
(3) processing at the bottom of gentle slope and slope
25 ° of gradient <'s is domatic, is referred to as gentle slope.Near gentle slope mainly appears at the bottom of slope, to the main target of this type of slope surface treatment be stablize domatic, reduce the possibility of cutting under slope.
First on gentle slope, excavate at a certain distance arbor plantation hole, in arbor plantation hole place plantation sea-buckthorn and Chinese pine.Subsequently, on gentle slope, spray the environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane resin (and according to circumstances adding a certain amount of water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent etc.) of low concentration (3～5%).Before xylophyta can be stablized solid soil, this green layer and basement rock have good caking property, and have good resistance to freezing and thawing, permeability resistance.Can stablize after solid soil xylophyta,, realize by the solid native target of xylophyta natural degradation for the environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane resin of this green layer.By the chemical consolidation (degradable) of above-mentioned hydrophilic polyurethane material, can well increase the structural stability on gentle slope and reduce the generation of cutting phenomenon under slope.Due to the use of water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent, for the growth of grass seeds, sea-buckthorn, Chinese pine provides very favourable condition.In rainy season, the mixed growth water loss preferably of taking of straw or like vegetable, sea-buckthorn, Chinese pine, is conducive to the water and soil conservation on gentle slope and plants life; In dry season, straw or like vegetable for soil provides plant growth required nutrient, contributes to the growth of sea-buckthorn and Chinese pine by extinction.
beneficial effect:feldspathic sandstone area Measures for Soil Erosion mainly contains biological control measure and engineering measure.Wherein, the cementing material that water and soil conservation adopts mainly contains inorganic coagulation material, organic (macromolecule) cementitious materials and organic and inorganic composite cementitious materials three classes.At present, chemical consolidation and biological control combination are the effective means of prevention soil and water loss.But existing cementing material in durability, plant the aspect such as natural disposition, economy and more or less exist defect.It is fixed, against corrosion, the growth-promoting technology of core that the present invention adopts resin, can be preferably for the improvement of feldspathic sandstone area soil erosion.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1) resin sprinkling efficiency of construction is high, convenient;
2) slope stability after construction;
3) vegetation growth is good.
accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is the domatic gradient schematic diagram of feldspathic sandstone.
Fig. 2 is the domatic processing schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein: 1, topsoil, 2, abrupt slope, 3, moderate slope, 4, gentle slope, 5, at the bottom of slope, 6, catchwater, 7, water barrier, 8, growth-promoting layer, 9, green layer.
the specific embodiment:
According to following embodiment, can better understand the present invention.The described specific experiment step of embodiment and result thereof be only for the present invention is described, and should also can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims.
Embodiment 1:
(1) determine the gradient of processing section
Adopt GPS to measure the gradient type (abrupt slope, the moderate gradient, gentle slope etc.) that needs to process section.Data show: the two kinds of different gradient types of domatic existence in embodiment, are respectively abrupt slope (72 °～81 °) and the moderate gradient (36 °～52 °).The elevation on the top, Di Zhi slope, slope on abrupt slope is 5m, and the elevation on top, Di Zhiqi slope, moderate gradient slope is 10m.Domatic width is 40m.
(2) top, slope resolution
Excavating catchwater apart from top 1～3m place, abrupt slope, (away from abrupt slope direction) excavation fish-scale pit beyond catchwater 2m.Secondly, in fish-scale pit, plant local common economic drought enduring plant.Finally, catchwater and and precipice, slope between ground on the spray concentration environmentally friendly high-new composite material W-OH that is 9～10%.Realize slope top anti-water erosion, intercept water and plant life.
(3) steep slope harness scheme
For guaranteeing the stability of abrupt slope side slope, the environmentally friendly high-new composite material W-OH that is 8～9% in abrupt slope surface spraying concentration, realizes the waterproof of abrupt slope outlier.
(4) moderate Methods in Slop Improvement scheme
On moderate is domatic, broadcast sowing grass seeds and spray the mixture that concentration is 6% modification W-OH(W-OH stoste, water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent etc.), realize the domatic careless class growth (growth-promoting target) of moderate.
Embodiment 2:
(1) determine the gradient of processing section
Adopt GPS to measure the gradient type (abrupt slope, the moderate gradient, gentle slope etc.) that needs to process section.Data show: the three kinds of different gradient types of domatic existence in embodiment, be respectively abrupt slope (68 °～78 °), medium gradient (36 °～45 °), gentle slope (16 °～21 °), the elevation on the top, Di Zhi slope, slope on abrupt slope is 4m, the elevation on top, Di Zhiqi slope, moderate gradient slope is 5m, and the elevation on top, Di Zhiqi slope, slope, gentle slope is 4m.Domatic length is 30m.
(2) top, slope resolution
Excavating catchwater apart from top 1～3m position, abrupt slope, (away from abrupt slope direction) excavation fish-scale pit beyond catchwater 2m.Secondly, in fish-scale pit, plant local common economic drought enduring plant.Catchwater and and precipice, slope between ground on the spray concentration environmentally friendly high-new composite material W-OH that is 14～15%, realize slope and push up anti-water erosion and plant life.
(3) steep slope harness scheme
For guaranteeing the stability of abrupt slope side slope, the environmentally friendly high-new composite material W-OH that is 10% in abrupt slope surface spraying concentration, realizes abrupt slope outlier waterproof, water proof target.
(4) moderate Methods in Slop Improvement scheme
On moderate is domatic, adopt cuttage to plant 3～4 strain Boston ivy and other rock-climbing plants every 5m kind.Meanwhile, on moderate is domatic, broadcast sowing grass seeds and spray the mixture that concentration is 3～7% modification W-OH(W-OH stoste, water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent on domatic), realize the domatic careless class growth of moderate.Along with the growth of Boston ivy on moderate is domatic, can further carry out vegetation covering to top layer, abrupt slope.Thereby on raw basis, solve abrupt slope and cannot plant a raw difficult problem domatic the planting of moderate, and then improve the domatic environment of implementing ground.
(5) resolution at the bottom of gentle slope and slope
On gentle slope, excavate arbor plantation hole (interval 4m) and plant the drought enduring plants such as sea-buckthorn, Chinese pine, caragana microphylla.Subsequently, on gentle slope, broadcasting sowing grass seeds and spraying concentration is 4～5% modification W-OH, forms take sea-buckthorn as main, and Chinese pine, caragana microphylla are auxiliary, the green layer that arbor is alternate with careless class.
Embodiment 3:
(1) determine the gradient of processing section
Adopt GPS to measure the gradient type (abrupt slope, the moderate gradient, gentle slope etc.) that needs to process section.Data show: the two kinds of different gradient types of domatic existence in embodiment, are respectively medium gradient (35 °～42 °), gentle slope (8 °～16 °).The elevation on top, Di Zhiqi slope, moderate gradient slope is 5m, and the elevation on top, Di Zhiqi slope, slope, gentle slope is 6m, and domatic length is 28m.
(2) top, slope resolution
First, excavating catchwater apart from top 1～3m place, abrupt slope, (away from abrupt slope direction) excavation fish-scale pit beyond catchwater 2m.Secondly, in fish-scale pit, plant local common economic drought enduring plant.Finally, the waterborne polyurethane grouting material that is 9～10% at catchwater and top, slope, abrupt slope spray concentration (embracing water rate >=96%), realizes the anti-water erosion on top, slope and plants life.
(4) moderate Methods in Slop Improvement scheme
On moderate is domatic, broadcasting sowing grass seeds and spraying concentration is 6～7% waterborne polyurethane grouting material (embracing water rate >=96%), realizes the domatic careless class growth of moderate.
(5) gentle slope and gradient resolution
On gentle slope, excavate arbor plantation hole (every 6m) plantation take sea-buckthorn as main, Chinese pine is auxiliary plant.On gentle slope, broadcasting sowing grass seeds and spraying concentration is 3～5% waterborne polyurethane grouting material (embracing water rate >=96%).Form take sea-buckthorn as main, Chinese pine is auxiliary, the green layer that arbor is alternate with careless class.
Embodiment 4:
(1) determine the gradient of processing section
Adopt GPS to measure the gradient type (abrupt slope, the moderate gradient, gentle slope etc.) that needs to process section.Data show: the two kinds of different gradient types of domatic existence in embodiment, are respectively abrupt slope (73 °～87 °) and the moderate gradient (38 °～55 °).The elevation on the top, Di Zhi slope, slope on abrupt slope is 6m, and the elevation on top, Di Zhiqi slope, moderate gradient slope is 8m.Domatic width is 32m.
(2) top, slope resolution
Excavating catchwater apart from top 1～3m place, abrupt slope, (away from abrupt slope direction) excavation fish-scale pit beyond catchwater 2m.Secondly, in fish-scale pit, plant local common economic drought enduring plant.Finally, catchwater and and precipice, slope between ground on the spray concentration waterborne polyurethane grouting material (embracing water rate >=96%) that is 8～10%.Realize slope top anti-water erosion, intercept water and plant life.
(3) steep slope harness scheme
For guaranteeing the stability of abrupt slope side slope, the waterborne polyurethane grouting material that is 8～9% in abrupt slope surface spraying concentration (embracing water rate >=96%), realizes the waterproof of abrupt slope outlier.
(4) moderate Methods in Slop Improvement scheme
On moderate is domatic, broadcast sowing grass seeds and spray concentration be 6% the mixture of waterborne polyurethane grouting material (embrace water rate >=96%) and water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent etc., realize the domatic careless class growth (growth-promoting target) of moderate.
Claims (3)
1. a feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement method, is characterized in that: comprise that process on slope, process on top, slope and bottom, slope reason, wherein:
Slope surface treatment technique is:
First,, apart from top 1～3m position, slope excavation catchwater, excavate in addition fish-scale pit at catchwater away from abrupt slope direction 2m; Secondly, in fish-scale pit, plant local drought enduring plant; Finally, catchwater and and slope top between ground on spray concentration be 5%～15% resin solution forms the water barrier that 3 ~ 15mm is thick;
Slope treatment process is:
Step 1, according to the gradient on slope, by domatic abrupt slope, moderate slope and the gentle slope of being divided into, wherein, the domatic of the gradient >=63 ° is abrupt slope; The gradient be 25 °～63 ° domatic for moderate domatic; The domatic of 25 ° of gradient < is gentle slope;
Step 2, according to domatic difference, at the different resin solution of domatic surface sprinkling concentration, wherein the concentration of abrupt slope resin solution is 5～10%, forms water barrier on abrupt slope surface; The domatic resin solution concentration of moderate is 3～7%, forms the thick growth-promoting layer of 3 ~ 8mm on surface, moderate slope; The resin solution concentration on gentle slope is 3～5%, forms the thick green layer of 3 ~ 7mm on surface, gentle slope;
Step 3, on described growth-promoting layer, plant herbaceous plant; Green layer plantation xylophyta;
At the bottom of slope, treatment process is: the surface sprinkling concentration at the bottom of slope is that 3～5% resin solutions form green layer, and on green layer, plants herbaceous plant and xylophyta.
2. feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the technique that forms described water barrier is: first scarifying ground topsoil is to 1.2 ~ 2 times of the impermeable layer thickness requiring, and then the resin solution that concentration is 5%～15% is shone in spray.
3. feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described resin solution is hydrophilically modified polyurethane W-OH or the waterborne polyurethane grouting material of embracing water rate >=96%.
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