CN101548595A - Desert control method of chemical sand-fixing greening technology based on organic composite materials - Google Patents
Desert control method of chemical sand-fixing greening technology based on organic composite materials Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a desert control method of a chemical sand-fixing greening technology based on organic composite materials, and the desert control method is characterized in that hydrophilic polyurethane resin curing agent solution is sprayed on a sand or soil layer of greening objects for sowing the vegetation for forming a porous fixed sand layer. The fixed sand layer formed by the method has appropriate thickness and strength, good durability, good anti-freeze and melt properties and functions of water retention, thermal insulation, ventilation, vegetation and the like. According to the method of the invention, the stable and effective solidifying can be carried out on sand even under the specific desert environments of no abundant groundwater sources and strong wind erosion, and the purpose of vegetation greening can be also realized. The method has large-scale construction properties and good economic performances, thereby being applicable to the needs of large-scale chemical sand fixing and vegetation greening of the vast desert and realizing the plant greening function and the ecological restoration and the control of desertified land.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of desert control method, especially be particularly related to a kind of desert control method of chemical sand-fixing greening technology, can be used for the environmental improvement and the ecological recovery on ground in the desertification.
Background technology
Desertification soil on the world land accounts for about 30% of the land gross area, and ccd area is accompanied by the continuous destruction of environment and human frequent activity and constantly enlarges.On the other hand, world population constantly increases, and floor space constantly reduces per capita, and the mankind will face serious crisis in food.For fear of the appearance of this crisis, the mankind are necessary to protect the soil very much, and the soil of the desertification gradually that is damaged is administered, to recover the function in its ecosystem and soil.
Desertization refers to dry area, semi-arid zone and partial desiccation subhumid zone because the soil deterioration that multiple nature such as climatic variation, human destructive activity and artificial origin cause.Be accompanied by strong throughout the year wind erosion, face of land desertification gradually with going up of desertization phenomenon occurring, the formation blown sand of kicking up with the wind easily on the sand of desertification, village, field and the plant on ground can be buried with the blown sand that high wind forms, the sandstorm that coverage is wider, destructive power is bigger can be formed under the serious situation.This wind erosion phenomenon seriously hinders growth and development of plant, becomes the obstruction desert and plants living greatest factor.
In order to prevent wind erosion and life planted in the desert that following several method is arranged usually:
1) afforestation is fixed the sand, and plants trees in the good relatively place of moisture condition, windward side, sand dune (as inserting red building etc.), and after trees took root, the flowability of sandy soil will reduce gradually around the root, and the dust emission of sandy soil and the height on whole sand dune also can decrease.Repeatedly such through 4-5, can effectively stop flowing on the sand.
2) straw checkerboard barrier method belongs to the fixedly improvement method of face on sand dune, and wheat wormwood artemisia or straw etc. are imbedded in the sand, makes the length of side and is the grid about 1m, even can broadcast sowing plant seed below grid, thereby suppress husky flowing.
3) will begin to be embedded to sand or the soil from the face of land based on the hydrophobic layer of hydrophobic particles by certain depth, thus the evaporation of the mobile and control moisture on the inhibition sand.And, can also on hydrophobic layer, lay the water conservation floor (spy opens flat 6-113673 communique) that certain thickness contains water-loss reducer.
4) chemosetting technology is sprayed at husky upper surface with chemical agent, and after chemical reaction generates solidifies sand bed, thereby suppresses husky flowing.
Above-mentioned 1) method can only be constructed in the abundant place of groundwater resources, because the sand bed surface of this method does not have the water conservation overcoat, so the plant of planting in the not abundant place of underground water source is difficult to survive.2) and 3) method be difficult to the thoroughly wind erosion hazard of control soil in the stronger area of wind erosion; And 2) and 3) when these two kinds of methods are constructed in wide desert, also be the problem of relatively being paid close attention to also having comparison distinct issues, the durability of these methods and anti-ultraviolet property aspect workability and the economic performance.For method 4), though the chemosetting agent prescription is numerous at present, be in the laboratory study stage mostly, do not obtain large-scale promotion and application.And currently used chemical curing agent uvioresistant, durability and ageing resistance are poor, and the cured layer effect is single, do not have water conservation, insulation, breathe freely and plant living function, thereby can not sustainablely be used for the improvement and the recovery of desertization control and environmental ecology system.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of chemical sand-fixing greening method based on organic composite material, even also can effectively prevent wind erosion hazard and plant living greening in the high wind erosion zone of not enriching underground water source, the uvioresistant that the cured layer that the inventive method forms has, durability and ageing resistance strengthen, and have water conservation, insulation, breathe freely and plant functions such as living.
In brief, the inventive method is by spraying the curing agent that organic composite material is formed on sand bed or desertification soil layer, have the curing sandy soil layer of porous matter in the formation of the surface of sand or soil layer, and broadcast sowing to plant and give birth to, give birth to the purpose of afforesting and the desert being carried out ecological management thereby reach to plant with the greening thing.
The technical solution used in the present invention is, desert control method based on the chemical sand-fixing greening technology of organic composite material, it is characterized in that: plant on the sand or soil layer of giving birth to broadcasting sowing, spray the hydrophilic polyurethane resin curing agent solution, form porous matter and solidify sand bed with the greening thing.
More particularly, method of the present invention comprises following steps:
1) in sand or soil layer, broadcasts sowing to plant and give birth to the greening thing;
2) will broadcast sowing and plant the sand or the soil layer of giving birth to and carry out smooth processing, spray the aqueous solution of hydrophilic polyurethane resin curing agent, form porous matter curing sand bed to inside from sand or the beginning of soil layer surface with behind the greening thing.
The inventive method is given birth to the curing agent solution that contains hydrophilic polyurethane resin with the sand bed surface sprinkling of greening thing removing to broadcast to plant, and begins to form certain thickness porous matter to inside from the sandy soil laminar surface in the short time and solidifies sand bed, thereby suppressed husky mobile.On the other hand, described porous matter curing sand bed has suitable thickness, intensity and favorable durability, freezing and thawing performance.Owing to solidify the architectural feature that sand bed has porous matter, as netted lamination structure or layered rubber structure etc., promptly have functions such as water penetration, heat insulating ability, nutrient preserving capability and inhibition water evaporates, have functions such as planting living greening so solidify sand bed.
Described hydrophilic polyurethane resin is colourless～weak yellow liquid, and chemical formula is shown below:
Contain toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) TDI in this resin
With methyl ethyl ketone MEK
Deng functional group, its molecular weight is 4000～600000.
This polyurethane resin is very easily water-soluble, and the curing agent solution that contains polyurethane resin has good permeability.
Described hydrophilic polyurethane resin can be made by following method.Molecular weight is between the 1000-20000 and have polyoxyethylene chain and terminal the compound (common name polyoxyethylene ene compound) of two above hydroxys and the polyisocyanate compounds that has the hydrogen-oxygen group number that equates more than the molal quantity on an equal basis arranged, under 30-120 ℃ temperature through 30 minutes to 7 days reaction,, import NCO by two ends and generate at the polyoxyethylene ene compound.Under the condition of necessity, can add a spot of dibutyl glylorin or triethylenediamine as catalyzer.It is aqueous to pasty state that resulting hydrophilic polyurethane resin is at normal temperatures, this hydrophilic polyurethane resin very easily is dissolved in water, as make the aqueous solution that mass percent concentration is 2-15%, can in 20 seconds-2 hours, form and have higher-strength and the no longer water-soluble aqueous elastomer of embracing.
The thickness of described curing sand bed can be controlled within 5～50mm scope, to obtain good construction performance.By adjusting the concentration and the sprinkling amount of curing agent solution, the thickness that above-mentioned porous matter is solidified sand bed can design within 5～50mm scope.Even in the significant zone of wind erosion, the above curing sand bed of 5mm just has the fluid ability than higher prevention sand; For the curing sand bed of thickness below 50mm, use in the curing agent solution that hydrophilic polyurethane resin content is fewer, good penetrability and curing performance (speed) appropriateness, have good and economic and application property.
The weight percent concentration of polyurethane resin preferably is controlled within 2～7% scopes in the described curing agent solution.The curing of the curing agent solution more than 2% can be finished rapidly at short notice, and porous matter is solidified sand bed and had higher intensity, can stop flowing of the regional sand of high wind erosion, and wind tunnel test shows the wind erosion that can resist intensity more than 8 grades.Porous matter below 7% is solidified sand bed can guarantee to have necessary for plant growth porosity and pore-size distribution, has good planting and gives birth to greening promotion function.
Above-mentioned porous matter is solidified the case hardness of sand bed within 0.5～1.5MPa scope, and within tensile strength 0.2～1.0MPa scope, porosity is within 20～25% scopes.Curing sand bed with performance in the above-mentioned scope has good planting and gives birth to the greening facilitation effect.Can obtain performance in the above-mentioned scope by the concentration of adjusting hydrophilic polyurethane resin in the curing agent solution, and various rerum natura can be adjusted by the concentration of adjusting polyurethane resin.
The host of above-mentioned aqueous solution of curing agent can be forms such as liquid, colloid or granular solids.Hydrophilic polyurethane resin can be cured reaction rapidly at short notice with water, and the grains of sand or other solids are consolidated into network structure, forms porous matter and solidifies sand bed.
Before spraying curing agent solution, will comprise that the life of planting of seed is broadcasted sowing in sand bed or sand dune with the greening thing.
Described planting given birth to the greening thing, comprises plant seed, can also comprise water and fertilizer and water conservation, fertilizer-keeping agent etc. according to concrete execution conditions and sandy soil situation.According to different working conditions, plant life and can comprise multiple heterogeneity, as preferably containing a certain amount of fertilizer, so that promote the germination of seed and the primary growth performance of plant with the greening thing.In addition, plant life with comprising a certain amount of water in the greening thing; Plant like this and give birth to the depths that can be penetrated into sand bed with the greening thing.Because porous matter is fixed the sand layer and is had a good moisture capacity, can provide necessary germination and primary growth condition for plant.Plant to give birth to and to be animal (ox, sheep etc.) ight soil, chemical fertilizer etc. with contained fertilizer in the greening thing.Plant that give birth to can be for having the plant seed of weather resistance, salt tolerant and dry strength energy with the seed that is comprised in the greening thing, as seal cogongrass, tippet grass, cold ground annual bluegrass, sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia), caragana microphylla and/or Chinese fescue grass etc.
Plant and give birth to containing water-loss reducer in the greening thing.Polymer, the propylene that water-loss reducer can have a moisture capacity for PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), MC (methylcellulose), CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose) etc. is perlite, imvite (kaolin), vermiculite or even the materials such as local loess or clay of absorbent polymer polymer or inorganic system.In addition, water-loss reducer also can be for having the macromolecular compound of water retaining function, and this macromolecular compound both can also can be synthetic macromolecular compound for natural polymer.Particularly, preferably use the good or high-hydroscopicity water conservation material of energy absorptance more than heavy hundred times of water retention property for the sharply desert area of dry evaporation of moisture content.
Plant living using in the greening thing, preferably containing a certain amount of fertile materials with function (fertilizer-keeping agent) of guarantor that has.The liquid material that the ight soil of local animal (ox, sheep) fully stirs formation just can be used as the fertile material of guarantor.Particularly cow dung is contained a large amount of fibrous materials, have reasonable fix the sand and plant come into force the fruit.
Certainly, planting the selection and the use of giving birth to the greening thing, is precondition not bring toxic and side effect and not destroy desert Environment.
Curing agent solution can utilize common Construction of Civil Engineering machinery (spraying machinery as motor blowing device, seed or water) to carry out spraying application on the sand bed surface with planting to give birth to the greening thing, and can guarantee good penetration.Can also on the desert, spray with the machinery that has " Y " font special nozzle, utilize Flow-rate adjustment pump pump in stock (curing agent and water etc.) in proportion, in nozzle place curing agent and water mixing sprinkling, not only speed of application is fast but also formed curing sand bed is even, functional for this sprinkling construction method.
The method according to this invention forms the husky or soil with porous matter and solidifies sand bed, and this stage is called chemosetting.Through the sand or the soil layer of chemosetting, at plant growing 2-3 all after date, chemosetting layer natural degradation, the plant by growing out can be realized sand bed greening and sustainability sand consolidation with biologic again, this stage can be called biological curing.
Generally speaking, the method according to this invention even under the peculiar environment in desert that does not have abundant underground water source, high wind erosion, also can stablize sand, effectively solidify, and can realize planting the purpose of giving birth to greening.The inventive method is solidified sand bed and is had suitable thickness, intensity and favorable durability, freezing and thawing performance, and has water conservation, insulation, breathes freely and plant functions such as living.In addition, the inventive method has extensive construction property and good economic, and the extensive organic chemistry that can be adapted to wide desert fixes the sand and plants and give birth to greening, and this method is simple to operate, implement easily, can realize the plant landscape function and the ecological recovery and the improvement in desertification soil.
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment; protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described instantiation or concrete example; but limited by claim; allly can satisfy purpose of the present invention and main idea, any similar other example all belongs to the related scope of patent of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 the inventive method is planted and is given birth to greening and sand-fixing effect schematic diagram
Fig. 2 the inventive method is broadcasted sowing to plant and is given birth to the view of each composition of greening thing on the sand bed top layer
Fig. 3 the inventive method is given birth to sand bed top layer view after afforesting thing and spraying consolidation liquid broadcasting sowing to plant
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(a) making of desert model
Make the wooden case of long 100cm * wide 100cm * high 21cm, in wooden case, fill Feng Pu standard sand (Feng Pu silica mining industry Co., Ltd., proportion 2.60), and appropriate compacting, husky thickness is 20cm, porosity 40% is made the desert model.
(b) plant the sprinkling of giving birth to the greening thing
Plant living with the greening thing by table 1 preparation.Living the using of planting of being prepared afforested the thing uniform broadcasting in (a) made desert mold surface, and the sprinkling amount is that table 1 is planted the one thousandth of giving birth to afforesting thing weight.Plant and give birth to containing seed, water-loss reducer and fertilizer-keeping agent in the greening thing, handle to plant by the top layer face and give birth to the certain depth that places sand bed with the greening thing, seed (2), water-loss reducer (3) and the fertile material of guarantor (4) are as Fig. 1～shown in Figure 3 being distributed in the sand bed.After seed (2) germinateed, just can gradually grow up was grass or tree (1).
Table 1 is planted the composition of giving birth to the greening thing
(c) sprinkling of aqueous solution of curing agent
After finishing (b) and planting the sprinkling of giving birth to the greening thing, hydrophilic polyurethane resin and water mix at the nozzle place by the machinery that contains " Y " type nozzle, are sprayed onto then on the model of desert, and the sprinkling amount is set at 3.0L/m
2
By changing the concentration of hydrophilic polyurethane resin in the aqueous solution of curing agent (hydrophilic polyurethane resin and water), relatively the curing solution of variable concentrations solidifies and plants the influence of living greening to the desert.Test and prove with the curing solution of percentage by weight 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 7%, 8% and 10% respectively.The formula rate of variable concentrations curing solution is as shown in table 2.
The formula rate of the curing solution of table 2 variable concentrations
W-OH in the table 2 refers to the organic composite curing agent of hydrophilic polyurethane resin that Japanese JCK Co., Ltd. develops, and method mentioned above in the by specification prepares.W-OH meets water (the multiple different quality that comprises seawater, running water etc.) can solidify the aqueous elastomer of embracing that generation has good strength rapidly, and its rerum natura is as follows:
Outward appearance: colourless～weak yellow liquid
Main component: hydrophilic polyurethane resin
Viscosity: (20 ℃ of mPa.s): 300～600
Proportion: (20 ℃/4 ℃) 1.08 ± 0.05
Firm time (20 ℃): match ratio OH/ water=10/90,3～6 minute
Curing solution after the sprinkling is penetrated into the designed degree of depth in sand bed, contained hydrophilic polyurethane resin (6) is solidified into one with sand (7), forms at last as Fig. 1, the porous matter from the surface to designed thickness shown in Figure 3 and solidifies sand bed (8).And water (5) can be saved in the hole of porous matter curing sand bed (8).
Comparative Examples 1
Method by (a) in the previous embodiment 1 is made the desert model, plants by the method preparation of (b) in the previous embodiment 1 and gives birth to the greening thing, and will plant to give birth to and broadcast sowing in the model of desert with the greening thing.Then the anti-blown sand dust agent of sand bed surface sprinkling one deck of desert model (Kurita Water Industries Ltd make a kind ofly fix the sand agent, commodity are called Kuri-coat C720), and make it be penetrated into the interior certain degree of depth of sand bed.When spraying construction, at first will fix the sand to spray after native dust-proofing agent C720 is diluted with water to 11.7% concentration, the sprinkling amount is set at 3.0L/m
2, every square of contained weight of fixing the sand native dust-proofing agent is about 350g.
According to the standard that producer provides, employed rerum natura of fixing the sand native dust-proofing agent is as follows:
Outward appearance: green emulsion liquid
Main Ingredients and Appearance: synthetic resin emulsion
Viscosity: (23 ℃ of mPa.s): 1,200～3,200
Proportion: (23 ℃) 1.06～1.08
Comparative Examples 2
Method by (a) in the previous embodiment 1 is made the desert model, plants by the method preparation of (b) in the previous embodiment 1 and gives birth to the greening thing, and will plant to give birth to and broadcast sowing in the model of desert with the greening thing.Then at sand bed surface sprinkling one deck alkalescent cement grout of desert model and make it be penetrated into the degree of depth certain in the sand bed.The recipe ratio of each composition of this cement grout is as follows, and the volume total amount of all the components is 15L:
(the alkalescent cement of the ultra-fine grain that the average grain diameter 4 μ m that material Co., Ltd. in the Pacific Ocean is produced are following, vacuum proportion is 3.0 to MC, fines content 9000cm
2/ g): 4.5Kg
Water channel water: 13.5Kg
MS-3 (MC dispersant special): 45g
Compound method: a certain amount of MS-3 is added in the water, carry out about 1 minute stirring with hand mixer after, add MC again and carry out about 3 minutes stirring, can obtain above-mentioned cement grout.
Below the implementation result of the sand-fixing greening method of embodiment and Comparative Examples is compared.
To all be put into the outdoor exposure test of carrying out by previous embodiment 1 (9 samples), Comparative Examples 1 (1 sample) and 11 made samples of Comparative Examples 2 (1 sample).Give birth to in the greening thing 1 month from beginning to broadcast sowing to plant, carry out an amount of water of executing, stop watering after one month, observe and compare the living greening situation of planting of various sample.
For all samples, after porous matter cured layer forms 7 days, the thickness and the porosity of solidifying sand bed are tested.The result of gained is shown in table 3 and table 4.
Table 3 fixes the sand the layer thickness measurement result
*: solidify insufficiently, can not carry out correct mensuration
Table 4 fixes the sand the layer porosity measurement result
*: solidify insufficiently, can not carry out correct mensuration
The thickness of cured layer is measured with slide measure, and the size of porosity is measured with volumetric method.The method that relevant volumetric method is measured is as follows:
1), calculates porous matter and fix the sand the volume of layer, and represent with V1 according to the measurement result of slide measure.
2) porous matter is fixed the sand layer and be immersed in the water more than 24 hours, measure the weight in water after saturated, represent with W1.At this moment, solidify in the sand bed and the surface forms air bubble and accumulates, in water, porous matter cured layer overturn in order not make, remove in the porous matter cured layer as far as possible remaining air.
3) then, in air, placed 24 hours naturally, make the curing sand bed be in the dry tack free state, measure the weight of its this moment, represent with W2.
4) calculate porosity with following formula
A(％)＝(1-(W2-W1))/V1*100
Wherein, A for porous matter fix the sand the layer porosity; Because the proportion of water is 1.0, omits at this.
For all samples, fix the sand layer formation after 3 months in porous matter, the intensity (surface strength) of solidifying sand bed is estimated.Evaluation result is as shown in table 5.Can find that from this table along with the concentration raising of W-OH, the intensity that porous matter is solidified sand bed improves obviously, the concentration of the cured layer of 10% concentration is 3 times that 2% concentration is solidified sand bed intensity.
The intensity of table 5 cured layer
*: solidify insufficiently, can not carry out correct mensuration
The intensity of porous matter cured layer is tested with soil penetrometer (middle mountain formula), being about to porous matter fixes the sand the section of layer and scabbles, the soil penetrometer pressure head vertically is pressed into section, there is functional relation according to compression distance and pairing counter-force (telescopic spring degree), calculates theoretical hardness number (MPa).Utilize this principle, can in the several seconds, measure large-scale hardness number, the surface strength of porous matter cured layer is estimated.
After having studied the above-mentioned main performance of organic composite material curing sand bed, the present invention is also solidified sand bed wind erosion-resistance performance to different W-OH concentration to porous matter by wind tunnel test and is estimated.Wind tunnel test is carried out in Lanzhou key lab of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Planting shown in the use table 2 do not given birth to the greening thing in wind tunnel test, and the sand that will ship from Qinghai Lake and Maduo is filled in the metal box of 32 * 40 * 4.5cm, and carries out suitable compacting, makes sand bed thickness and for the 4.5cm porosity be 40% desert model.W-OH and water channel water are mixed with the organic composite material consolidation liquid of variable concentrations by different proportion, and hydrophilic polyurethane resin concentration is respectively 2%, 2.5%, and 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 6% and 7%.The organic composite material consolidation liquid that configures is sprayed in the model of above-mentioned desert, and the sprinkling amount is 3.0L/m
2Then, the desert model that has sprayed the organic composite material consolidation liquid is placed in the wind-tunnel by different inclination angles, regulates different wind speed and test.
Results of wind tunnel under different angle (angle between test specimen and the wind direction) and the different wind speed is respectively as table 6, shown in table 7 and the table 8.
Table 6 wind speed is the results of wind tunnel of 7m/s
Table 7 wind speed is the results of wind tunnel of 10m/s
Table 8 wind speed is the results of wind tunnel of 15m/s
Results of wind tunnel proves, hydrophilic polyurethane resin concentration is that 2% porous matter cured layer is when being 60 ° at the inclination angle of test specimen and wind direction, even any damage does not appear in the surface of cured layer yet under the wind speed of 15m/s.Show that the described cured layer of the inventive method has good weather-proof ability.
At last, plant living greening situation, the anti-weathering performance of cured layer and combination property in each test specimen are also estimated and compared.
Plant the evaluation of living greening situation and carry out under natural environment, it is many to last half a year.Promptly undertaken by the established standards of respectively estimating listed in following (i)～(iii), the most every evaluation result is concluded and is divided into good, general and bad Three Estate and carries out overall merit.
(i) the evaluation established standards of relevant vegetation growth state
Whether the average growing height of cold ground type Festuca arundinaced is about 20-40cm, and whether the average growing height of warm ground type Axonopusaffinis Chase is about 10-20cm.
The evaluation established standards of (ii) relevant plant germination rate
At 1m
2Germination situation (germination rate) how on the model area of desert.
The evaluation established standards of the survival activity situation of the root of (iii) relevant plant
When the grass that will send out bud with hand pulls up, be almost effortlessly can extract, or for all more than halfly to just can pull up with certain strength, or more than half plant rhizome occurs and cuts off when firmly extracting, come the survival activity situation of evaluate plant roots according to the crack conditions of effort degree of extracting and rhizome.
In addition, for the evaluation of the wind erosion and the erosion condition of weathering, according to the in disorder degree of desert model surface sand bed, the pick phenomenon whether occurs washing and wash pick degree etc., be divided into * (poor), △ (generally) and zero (good) Three Estate estimate.
About overall merit, according to planting living greening situation, wind erosion and weathering degree evaluation situation, from plant come into force fruit and two aspects of sand-fixing effect to chemical sand-fixing greening method of the present invention as control of desert and prevent and treat method and whether effectively estimate, evaluation result is as shown in table 9.
Table 9 different embodiments and variable concentrations curing solution are to planting the influence of giving birth to greening and curing performance
By the result shown in table 3～8 as can be known, fixing the sand layer according to the porous matter of embodiment 1 made test specimen has suitable thickness, porosity and intensity but also has reasonable weather-proof ability.Raising along with organic composite material consolidation liquid concentration, the porosity of porous matter cured layer constantly reduces, the porosity of cured layer is 20.3% when concentration reaches 7%, and warm ground type Axonopus affinis Chase this moment planted natural disposition can just present kilter after 6 months.Yet, in 1～10% concentration range, all has a good natural disposition energy of planting for cold ground type Festuca arundinaced; But As time goes on the low concentration for 1% and 2% is planted natural disposition and can be reduced gradually.
Weather-proof, the weathering ability of resultant porous matter cured layer is not fine when W-OH concentration is 1%, but all has good weather-proof, weathering ability for the cured layer of W-OH concentration between 2～10%.Weather-proof, weathering ability improves along with the raising of W-OH concentration, is downward trend gradually along with the passing of standing time.
From the result shown in the table 9 as can be seen, the sample according to embodiment 1 made has good living the greening and sand-fixing effect of planting simultaneously.That is to say that embodiment 1 has provided a kind of unprecedented good planting and given birth to the greening sand fixing technology, can be used for effectively preventing desertification.Particularly, when the weight percent concentration of hydrophilic polyurethane resin in the curing solution was within 2～7% scopes, the described curing solution of this method had good permeance property, workability and economic performance.
Compare with embodiment 1, the sample of Comparative Examples 1 made (in 1 month) in the early stage has certain living afforestation effect of planting, but along with the increase of time, constantly eroded and the erosion of weathering, plants living afforestation effect and lose gradually.The sample of Comparative Examples 2 mades is not almost completely planted living afforestation effect owing to used the cement of low alkalinity in addition.
Claims (10)
1, based on the desert control method of the chemical sand-fixing greening technology of organic composite material, it is characterized in that: plant on the sand or soil layer of giving birth to broadcasting sowing, spray the hydrophilic polyurethane resin curing agent solution, form porous matter and solidify sand bed with the greening thing.
2, desert control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the method includes the steps of:
1) in sand or upper strata, broadcasts sowing to plant and give birth to the greening thing;
2) will broadcast sowing and plant the sand or the soil layer of giving birth to and carry out smooth processing, spray the aqueous solution of hydrophilic polyurethane resin curing agent, form porous matter curing sand bed to inside from sand or the beginning of soil layer surface with behind the greening thing.
3, desert control method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described hydrophilic polyurethane resin has the structure that is shown below,
Its molecular weight is 4,000～600,000.
4, desert control method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the thickness of described curing sand bed is within 5～50mm scope.
5, desert control method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the weight percent concentration of described hydrophilic polyurethane resin is within 2～7% scopes.
6, desert control method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described porous matter is solidified the case hardness of sand bed within 0.5～1.5MPa scope, and within tensile strength 0.2～1.0MPa scope, porosity is within 20～25% scopes.
7, desert control method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described plant to give birth to comprise plant seed with the greening thing.
8, desert control method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described plant to give birth to afforesting thing also comprise water, fertilizer, water-loss reducer and fertilizer-keeping agent.
9, desert control method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described hydrophilic polyurethane resin prepares as follows, molecular weight is 1,000-20, between 000 and have polyoxyethylene chain and the terminal polyoxyethylene ene compound that two above hydroxys are arranged with etc. the polyisocyanate compounds that has the hydrogen-oxygen group number that equates more than the molal quantity, under 30-120 ℃ temperature,, import NCO at the two ends of polyoxyethylene ene compound and generate through 30 minutes to 7 days reaction.
10, desert control method according to claim 9 is characterized in that: in the preparation of hydrophilic polyurethane resin, add dibutyl glylorin or triethylenediamine as catalyzer.
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