CN103821153B - A kind of feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement method - Google Patents
A kind of feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement method, be mainly used in the domatic water and soil conservation of arsenic sandstone, plant raw and stabilization processes.Method comprises slope process, the process of top, slope and bottom, slope reason, wherein: slope surface treatment technique is at distance top 1 ~ 3m position, slope excavation catchwater, excavates fish-scale pit at catchwater away from beyond the 2m of direction, abrupt slope; Catchwater and and slope top between ground on spray concentration be 5% ~ 15% resin solution form water barrier; Slope treatment process is: the gradient according to slope is divided into abrupt slope, moderate slope and gentle slope by domatic; According to domatic difference, at the resin solution that domatic surface sprinkling concentration is different; Treatment process at the bottom of slope is: the surface sprinkling concentration at the bottom of slope is that 3 ~ 5% resin solutions form green layer, and on green layer, plant herbaceous plant and xylophyta.The features such as compared with prior art, it is high, convenient that the present invention has sprays resin efficiency of construction, the rear slope stability of construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection and ecological construction technical field, be specifically related to the technology of a kind of novel feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement and feldspathic sandstone water and soil conservation and ecological construction, belong to conservation technology field.
Background technology
Feldspathic sandstone is called as " world's soil erosion " and " environment cancer ", to nature, ecological, environment very harmful.Be distributed widely in the Huanghe valley, wherein border on the region centered by district by Jin, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia.The alternating layers that the concrete finger Permian Period in the Paleozoic Era, Triassic period in Mesozoic Era, Jurassic Period and cretaceous thick-layer sandstone, sand shale and mud stone form, being the core of the chip area of sediment yield from base rock that loess plateau is concentrated, is an important component part of Sandy Areas, the Huanghe valley.Be characterized in anhydrous hard as hard rock, chance water is then soft as mud, meets wind then weathering and erosion.Due to this district's breaking topography, vegetation is rare, drought, and amount of precipitation is few, and heavy rain is concentrated, and much sandstorms, soil erosion is very serious, and ecological environment is particularly fragile.
At present, semifinished product and glaze Measures for Soil Erosion mainly contains biological control measure and engineering measure.Wherein, the chemical consolidation material of water and soil conservation mainly contains cement inorganic material, organic cementitious materials and Organic-inorganic composite cementitious materials three class, and biological control measure is mainly seabuckthorn plant flexible dam.At present, chemical consolidation and biological control organically combine is the effective means of prevention soil and water loss.But existing cementing material in durability, plant in natural disposition, economy etc. and more or less there is defect.
The present invention is based on the consolidation of feldspathic sandstone base soil, against corrosion and growth-promoting technology, adopt environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane material modification feldspathic sandstone base soil, and in conjunction with top, slope and domatic growth-promoting technology, realize the consolidation of feldspathic sandstone base soil and against corrosion, improve semifinished product and glaze Current Status of Soil Erosion.
Summary of the invention
technical problem:the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of based on resin material, reduced the feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement method of the serious soil erosion problem of semifinished product and glaze by the application of the technology such as solid soil, against corrosion, growth-promoting.
technical scheme:
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement method, is characterized in that: comprise slope process, the process of top, slope and bottom, slope reason, wherein:
Slope surface treatment technique is:
First, at distance top 1 ~ 3m position, slope excavation catchwater, fish-scale pit is excavated at catchwater away from beyond the 2m of direction, abrupt slope; Secondly, in fish-scale pit, local drought enduring plant is planted; Finally, catchwater and and slope top between ground on spray concentration be the resin solution of 5% ~ 15%.The resin solution of 5% ~ 15% spray concentration is adopted to make it can form the thick water barrier of 3 ~ 15mm on feldspathic sandstone surface.This water barrier have prevent moisture content further under ooze the effect occurring feldspathic sandstone disintegration to basement rock.
Increasing the thickness of this water barrier as needed in engineering practice, first scarifying topsoil can be adopted to the impermeable layer thickness required 1.2 ~ 2 times, then concentration is shone in spray is the technical measures such as the resin solution of 5% ~ 15%.
Slope treatment process is:
Step one, the gradient according to slope is divided into abrupt slope, moderate slope and gentle slope by domatic, and wherein, the domatic of the gradient >=63 ° is abrupt slope; The gradient be 25 ° ~ 63 ° domatic for moderate domatic; The domatic of gradient < 25 ° is gentle slope;
Step 2, according to domatic difference, at the resin solution that domatic surface sprinkling concentration is different, wherein the concentration of abrupt slope resin solution is 5 ~ 10%, forms water barrier on surface, abrupt slope; This water barrier is mainly used in stable sty, and greatly reduces the contact of itself and water; The domatic resin solution concentration of moderate is 3 ~ 7%, forms the thick growth-promoting layer of 3 ~ 9mm on surface, moderate slope; The resin solution concentration on gentle slope is 3 ~ 5%, forms the thick green layer of 3 ~ 7mm on surface, gentle slope;
Step 3, on described growth-promoting layer, plant herbaceous plant; Green layer plantation xylophyta;
Treatment process at the bottom of slope is: the surface sprinkling concentration at the bottom of slope is that 3 ~ 5% resin solutions form the thick green layer of 3 ~ 7mm, and on green layer, plant herbaceous plant and xylophyta.
The mode that semifinished product and glaze bringing soil erosion under control of the present invention mainly combines with engineering measure, chemical measure and biological control measure is launched.Mainly comprise top, slope (cutting diversion and fish-scale pit setting), slope surface treatment and growth-promoting measure.Specifically comprise the steps:
(1) top, slope process
In top, the slope plane of distance abrupt slope certain distance, what employing catchwater combined with fish-scale pit intercepts water, diversion mode.First, at distance top 1 ~ 3m position, abrupt slope excavation catchwater, beyond catchwater 2m, (away from direction, abrupt slope) excavates fish-scale pit.Secondly, in fish-scale pit, local common economic drought enduring plant is planted.Finally, catchwater and and precipice, slope between ground on spray concentration be 5% ~ 15% environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane material.
(2) abrupt slope process
Domatic for the gradient >=63 °, i.e. abrupt slope, first clears up the gravelly soil that top layer is loose, closely peel off, then sprays the environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane material of high concentration (5 ~ 10%).The topping with waterproof, anti-erosion effect is formed on abrupt slope outlier surface.Due to the use of above-mentioned concentration polyurethane material, this topping can be made to have preferably mechanical property, freezing and thawing performance, anti-permeability performance and weatherability.The domatic rock mass that can effectively prevent the domatic appearance in abrupt slope from causing because meeting cement by this fish tail and waterproof layer peels off, the generation of phenomenon of caving in.
(3) moderate slope surface treatment
Domatic for 25 ° ~ 63 °, namely moderate is domatic.This type of domatic feldspathic sandstone base soil produced under the effects such as waterpower (water erosion and freeze thawing), gravity, weathering runs off and is relatively easy to get control, and plant growing condition comparatively abrupt slope has greater advantage.
Spreading grass seeds on moderate is domatic also sprays the environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane resin solution (and according to circumstances adding a certain amount of water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent etc.) of low concentration (3 ~ 7%), forms growth-promoting layer.Due to the use of above-mentioned concentration polyurethane material, before the solid soil of herbaceous plant Absorbable organic halogens, this growth-promoting layer and basement rock have good caking property, and have good resistance to freezing and thawing, permeability resistance.After the solid soil of herbaceous plant Absorbable organic halogens, for the environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane resin of this growth-promoting layer by natural degradation.By the chemical consolidation of above-mentioned hydrophilic polyurethane resin, well can increase the domatic structural stability of moderate, reduce this type of domatic probability occurring the diseases such as water erosion, mass erosion, weathering Erosion to a great extent; The use of water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent, the growth for straw or like vegetable provides very favourable condition.Because water-loss reducer and modified polyurethane resin chemical consolidation layer have porosity features, the rainwater be conducive under along abrupt slope retains, for the continued propagation of grass seeds provides material conditions moderate is domatic.
(3) gentle slope and the process at the bottom of slope
Gradient <'s 25 ° is domatic, is referred to as gentle slope.Gentle slope mainly appears near at the bottom of slope, to the main target of this type of slope surface treatment be stablize domatic, reduce the possibility of cutting under slope.
First on gentle slope, arbor plantation hole is excavated at a certain distance, in arbor plantation hole place plantation sea-buckthorn and Chinese pine.Subsequently, gentle slope sprays the environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane resin (and according to circumstances adding a certain amount of water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent etc.) of low concentration (3 ~ 5%).Before the solid soil of xylophyta Absorbable organic halogens, this green layer and basement rock have good caking property, and have good resistance to freezing and thawing, permeability resistance.After the solid soil of xylophyta Absorbable organic halogens, for the environmentally friendly hydrophilic polyurethane resin of this green layer by natural degradation, realize by the target of the solid soil of xylophyta.By the chemical consolidation (degradable) of above-mentioned hydrophilic polyurethane material, well can increase the structural stability on gentle slope and reduce the generation of cutting phenomenon under slope.Due to the use of water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent, the growth for grass seeds, sea-buckthorn, Chinese pine provides very favourable condition.In rainy season, straw or like vegetable, sea-buckthorn, Chinese pine mixed take growth can water loss preferably, be conducive to the water and soil conservation on gentle slope and plant life; In dry season, extinction for soil provides the nutrient needed for plant growth, is contributed to the growth of sea-buckthorn and Chinese pine by straw or like vegetable.
beneficial effect:semifinished product and glaze Measures for Soil Erosion mainly contains biological control measure and engineering measure.Wherein, the cementing material that water and soil conservation adopts mainly contains inorganic coagulation material, organic (macromolecule) cementitious materials and Organic-inorganic composite cementitious materials three class.At present, chemical consolidation and biological control organically combine is the effective means of prevention soil and water loss.But existing cementing material in durability, plant in natural disposition, economy etc. and more or less there is defect.The present invention adopts resin to be the consolidation of core, against corrosion, growth-promoting technology, can preferably for the improvement of semifinished product and glaze soil erosion.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1) sprays resin efficiency of construction is high, convenient;
2) slope stability after construction;
3) vegetation growth is good.
accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the domatic gradient schematic diagram of feldspathic sandstone.
Fig. 2 is the domatic process schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein: 1, topsoil, 2, abrupt slope, 3, moderate slope, 4, gentle slope, 5, at the bottom of slope, 6, catchwater, 7, water barrier, 8, growth-promoting layer, 9, green layer.
detailed description of the invention:
According to following embodiment, can better understand the present invention.Specific experiment step described by embodiment and result thereof only for illustration of the present invention, and should can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims yet.
Embodiment 1:
(1) gradient processing section is determined
GPS is adopted to measure the gradient type (abrupt slope, the moderate gradient, gentle slope etc.) that need process section.Data show: the two kinds of different gradient types of the domatic existence in embodiment, are respectively abrupt slope (72 ° ~ 81 °) and the moderate gradient (36 ° ~ 52 °).The elevation pushed up to slope at the bottom of the slope on abrupt slope is 5m, and the elevation pushed up to its slope at the bottom of moderate gradient slope is 10m.Domatic width is 40m.
(2) top, slope resolution
At distance top 1 ~ 3m place, abrupt slope excavation catchwater, beyond catchwater 2m, (away from direction, abrupt slope) excavates fish-scale pit.Secondly, in fish-scale pit, local common economic drought enduring plant is planted.Finally, catchwater and and precipice, slope between ground on spray concentration be 9 ~ 10% environmentally friendly high-new composite material W-OH.Realize the anti-water erosion on top, slope, intercept water and plant life.
(3) steep slope harness scheme
For ensureing the stability of abrupt slope side slope, being the environmentally friendly high-new composite material W-OH of 8 ~ 9% in abrupt slope surface spraying concentration, realizing the waterproof of abrupt slope outlier.
(4) moderate Methods in Slop Improvement scheme
On moderate be domatic, broadcast sowing grass seeds and spray the mixture that concentration is the modification W-OH(W-OH stoste, water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent etc. of 6%), realize careless class growth (growth-promoting target) that moderate is domatic.
Embodiment 2:
(1) gradient processing section is determined
GPS is adopted to measure the gradient type (abrupt slope, the moderate gradient, gentle slope etc.) that need process section.Data show: the three kinds of different gradient types of the domatic existence in embodiment, be respectively abrupt slope (68 ° ~ 78 °), medium gradient (36 ° ~ 45 °), gentle slope (16 ° ~ 21 °), the elevation pushed up to slope at the bottom of the slope on abrupt slope is 4m, the elevation pushed up to its slope at the bottom of moderate gradient slope is 5m, and the elevation pushed up to its slope at the bottom of slope, gentle slope is 4m.Domatic length is 30m.
(2) top, slope resolution
At distance top 1 ~ 3m position, abrupt slope excavation catchwater, beyond catchwater 2m, (away from direction, abrupt slope) excavates fish-scale pit.Secondly, in fish-scale pit, local common economic drought enduring plant is planted.Catchwater and and precipice, slope between ground on spray concentration be 14 ~ 15% environmentally friendly high-new composite material W-OH, realize slope and push up anti-water erosion and plant life.
(3) steep slope harness scheme
For ensureing the stability of abrupt slope side slope, being the environmentally friendly high-new composite material W-OH of 10% in abrupt slope surface spraying concentration, realizing abrupt slope outlier waterproof, water proof target.
(4) moderate Methods in Slop Improvement scheme
On moderate is domatic, cuttage is adopted to plant 3 ~ 4 strain Boston ivy and other rock-climbing plants every 5m kind.Meanwhile, on moderate is domatic, broadcast sowing grass seeds and spray on domatic concentration be 3 ~ 7% modification W-OH(W-OH stoste, water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent mixture), realize the careless class growth that moderate is domatic.Along with the growth of Boston ivy on moderate is domatic, vegetative coverage can be carried out to top layer, abrupt slope further.Thus raw basis solves abrupt slope cannot plant a raw difficult problem domatic the planting of moderate, and then improve the domatic environment implementing ground.
(5) resolution at the bottom of gentle slope and slope
Gentle slope is excavated arbor plantation hole (interval 4m) and plants the drought enduring plants such as sea-buckthorn, Chinese pine, caragana microphylla.Subsequently, grass seeds is broadcasted sowing on gentle slope and sprays the modification W-OH that concentration is 4 ~ 5%, formed based on sea-buckthorn, Chinese pine, caragana microphylla are auxiliary, the green layer that arbor is alternate with careless class.
Embodiment 3:
(1) gradient processing section is determined
GPS is adopted to measure the gradient type (abrupt slope, the moderate gradient, gentle slope etc.) that need process section.Data show: the two kinds of different gradient types of the domatic existence in embodiment, are respectively medium gradient (35 ° ~ 42 °), gentle slope (8 ° ~ 16 °).The elevation pushed up to its slope at the bottom of moderate gradient slope is 5m, and the elevation pushed up to its slope at the bottom of slope, gentle slope is 6m, and domatic length is 28m.
(2) top, slope resolution
First, at distance top 1 ~ 3m place, abrupt slope excavation catchwater, beyond catchwater 2m, (away from direction, abrupt slope) excavates fish-scale pit.Secondly, in fish-scale pit, local common economic drought enduring plant is planted.Finally, be the waterborne polyurethane grouting material (embracing water rate >=96%) of 9 ~ 10% at catchwater and top, slope, abrupt slope spray concentration, realize the anti-water erosion on top, slope and plant life.
(4) moderate Methods in Slop Improvement scheme
On moderate is domatic, broadcasts sowing grass seeds and sprays the waterborne polyurethane grouting material (embracing water rate >=96%) that concentration is 6 ~ 7%, realizing the careless class growth that moderate is domatic.
(5) gentle slope and gradient resolution
Gentle slope is excavated arbor plantation hole (every 6m) and plants based on sea-buckthorn, Chinese pine is auxiliary plant.Grass seeds is broadcasted sowing on gentle slope and sprays the waterborne polyurethane grouting material (embracing water rate >=96%) that concentration is 3 ~ 5%.Formed based on sea-buckthorn, Chinese pine is auxiliary, the green layer that arbor is alternate with careless class.
Embodiment 4:
(1) gradient processing section is determined
GPS is adopted to measure the gradient type (abrupt slope, the moderate gradient, gentle slope etc.) that need process section.Data show: the two kinds of different gradient types of the domatic existence in embodiment, are respectively abrupt slope (73 ° ~ 87 °) and the moderate gradient (38 ° ~ 55 °).The elevation pushed up to slope at the bottom of the slope on abrupt slope is 6m, and the elevation pushed up to its slope at the bottom of moderate gradient slope is 8m.Domatic width is 32m.
(2) top, slope resolution
At distance top 1 ~ 3m place, abrupt slope excavation catchwater, beyond catchwater 2m, (away from direction, abrupt slope) excavates fish-scale pit.Secondly, in fish-scale pit, local common economic drought enduring plant is planted.Finally, catchwater and and precipice, slope between ground on spray concentration be 8 ~ 10% waterborne polyurethane grouting material (embrace water rate >=96%).Realize the anti-water erosion on top, slope, intercept water and plant life.
(3) steep slope harness scheme
For ensureing the stability of abrupt slope side slope, being the waterborne polyurethane grouting material (embracing water rate >=96%) of 8 ~ 9% in abrupt slope surface spraying concentration, realizing the waterproof of abrupt slope outlier.
(4) moderate Methods in Slop Improvement scheme
On moderate is domatic, broadcast sowing grass seeds and spray concentration be 6% waterborne polyurethane grouting material (embrace water rate >=96%) and the mixture of water-loss reducer, growth-promoting agent etc., realize careless class growth (growth-promoting target) that moderate is domatic.
Claims (3)
1. a feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement method, is characterized in that: comprise slope process, the process of top, slope and bottom, slope reason, wherein:
Slope surface treatment technique is:
First, at distance top 1 ~ 3m position, slope excavation catchwater, fish-scale pit is excavated at catchwater away from beyond the 2m of direction, abrupt slope; Secondly, in fish-scale pit, local drought enduring plant is planted; Finally, catchwater and and slope top between ground on spray concentration be 5% ~ 15% resin solution form the thick water barrier of 3 ~ 15mm;
Slope treatment process is:
Step one, the gradient according to slope is divided into abrupt slope, moderate slope and gentle slope by domatic, and wherein, the domatic of the gradient >=63 ° is abrupt slope; The gradient be 25 ° ~ 63 ° domatic for moderate domatic; The domatic of gradient < 25 ° is gentle slope;
Step 2, according to domatic difference, at the resin solution that domatic surface sprinkling concentration is different, wherein the concentration of abrupt slope resin solution is 5 ~ 10%, forms water barrier on surface, abrupt slope; The domatic resin solution concentration of moderate is 3 ~ 7%, forms the thick growth-promoting layer of 3 ~ 8mm on surface, moderate slope; The resin solution concentration on gentle slope is 3 ~ 5%, forms the thick green layer of 3 ~ 7mm on surface, gentle slope;
Step 3, on described growth-promoting layer, plant herbaceous plant; Green layer plantation xylophyta;
Treatment process at the bottom of slope is: the surface sprinkling concentration at the bottom of slope is that 3 ~ 5% resin solutions form green layer, and on green layer, plant herbaceous plant and xylophyta.
2. feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the technique forming described water barrier is: first scarifying ground topsoil is to the impermeable layer thickness required 1.2 ~ 2 times, and then concentration is shone in spray is the resin solution of 5% ~ 15%.
3. feldspathic sandstone Methods in Slop Improvement method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described resin solution is hydrophilically modified polyurethane W-OH or the waterborne polyurethane grouting material of embracing water rate >=96%.
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| "基于W-0H有机复合固化材料的新型荒漠化防治及生态修复技术";吴智仁，杨才千，吴智深，岩下健太郎，李润杰;《全国水十.保持与荒漠化防治及生态修复交流研讨会论文集》;20090508;第244-252页 * |
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