KR20030081983A - Vegetation based artifical soil for the crumbled structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a greening foundation bed material comprising coal ash, organic components and inorganic components induced from plants to improve aggregation, stabilization and water retention properties of an attachment material used in the case of introducing plants to protect an inclined plane. Therefore, it has excellent water retention properties, water permeability, fertilizer holding properties, erosion-preventing properties required for the rooting and growth of plants as well as aggregation properties. CONSTITUTION: An aggregation-promoting agent is blended with a vegetation composition comprising 30 to 70% by weight of field soil, 10 to 30% by weight of coconut coir peat containing coir fiber of 1 to 100mm and 30 to 70% by weight of organic fertilizer(fermented product of barks) to give a greening foundation bed material. The aggregation-promoting agent comprises 60 to 90% by weight of fly ash, 10 to 30% by weight of cement, 1 to 10% by weight of slaked lime, 1 to 10% by weight of potassium alum and/or ferric sulfate, and 1 to 10% by weight of silica dioxide(silica fume).

Description

Vegetation based artifical soil for the crumbled structure}

The present invention is to provide a united vegetation base material for slope protection to ensure the isolation and stabilization of the member used in the introduction of plants for the protection of slopes generated by roads and general civil engineering, and to improve water retention.

The general method of 'surface protection' is the construction of civil retaining walls, mortar mounting, and slope greening.

The retaining wall is formed in a place where there is a risk of a disaster, and the mortar mounting is often applied to a place, a rock, etc., where slope greening is difficult.

The small cement method is widely used in the construction of retaining walls and in places of small scale or smaller. Soil cement method is made by mixing cement, soil and water to harden and stabilized by mixing cement in roadbed or roadbed soil.

Although it is not as strong as concrete, it serves to compact the ground and has been used for the construction of road grounds and waterways. As such, a method of mixing an adhesive mixture (cement) having adhesion to soil is generally used.

On the other hand, the general method for 'side slope greening' is the seed spraying method using a mixture of seeds and paper sludge, soil and organic materials, direct soil drilling method to mix the seed, water and sprinkle on the slope surface, or use little soil There is a method of mixing and spraying with organic material, and the above method uses a dedicated air compressor and a nozzle.

In addition, the method of spraying seeds after laying vegetable nets on slopes and attaching seeds to non-woven fabrics to fix them on slopes has been mainly used.

A slope greening method using a dedicated air compressor and nozzle is a method of spraying water, soil, sludge, paper sludge, and seed on a slope by mixing an appropriate amount based on a previously adopted method or material.

At this time, additives are used to prevent erosion, granulation, or water retention of the slope and the member.

In particular, polymer resins are used predominantly as erosion inhibitors. However, over time, the sticking performance, soil granulation, and water retention are deteriorated.

In the case of using a material containing a large amount of organic matter, especially vegetable fiber, the initial germination rate and coverage are good, but there is a problem that the slope of the growth base of the plant is difficult to stabilize without the use of polymer resin.

Commonly used additives include erosion inhibitors, granulation accelerators, water retention agents, and the like. In some cases, an additive may have a dual role. Each role and problem is listed as follows.

Erosion inhibitors play a role of stiffening members on the slope, but it takes several days to stabilize after construction, and there is a limitation in setting the construction time such that the components are lost during the rainy season. In addition, there is a role to prevent the outflow of the surface layer by protecting the soil structure of the soil from raindrops, but when deterioration due to solar radiation, the performance is lower than the initial stage, causing loss of slope.

Since the granulation accelerator promotes granulation by using the property of adsorbing soil particles, it has a role of improving soil physical properties, which are the growth conditions of plants, but it only induces forced granulation and various granulations of large and small in nature. The process is different from the development of soil through

That is, it becomes difficult to expect the improvement of water retention through the formation of a uniform granulation as a uniform granulation. In addition, the homogenization accelerator is often used as a single product because it also serves as an anti-erosion agent in its characteristics.

Therefore, the increase in the amount of use is required to increase the effect, but the hardening member becomes a factor that inhibits the root development of the plant. In addition, when the hardening member is excessively hardened, the loss and fall of the slope surface increase due to the decline of the isolation structure due to the winter temperature drop.

Conservatives are often made of polymeric materials, commonly referred to as polymers, or rely on imports. The water repellent improves its ability to repair water, but the water-binding ability of the water improver is stronger than that of the roots.

In addition, if the mixture is not uniformly concentrated, it is often difficult to breathe partially by partially concentrating. Alternatively, there is also a method of using the holding power of the ferrite, but 10-30% of the mounting member is required, resulting in an increase in the unit price. The above is a characteristic and a problem of a mounting member and an additive.

Additives aimed at improving the quality of slope greening have a unique characteristic that they can only be employed under the condition of slope as well as to reduce the soil physical properties of the mounting material.

The characteristic of the additive as described above is the formation of soil granulation. Soil granulation is a soil state in which a single soil particle is gathered, and the grains are gathered. The large voids between the grains are water and air. It becomes a distribution channel and small voids become a space for maintenance, which is suitable for plant growth and also increases resistance to erosion.

The advantage of this granulation is not only the conservation of water and the supply of air, but also the soil with large and small pores formed by these grains is excellent for nutrient preservation of plants and effective for the extension of plant roots. In addition, it becomes a place of pleasant living for small animals and forms a cycle of ecosystem material circulation, contributing to the growth of plants and further promoting greening by plants.

Therefore, as an ideal additive condition for improving the quality of slope recording, it is resistant to rain, has sufficient granulation effect, and has excellent ability to prevent loss and fall, and has a repair ability. It should be of a material with moderately flexible soil hardness to ensure rate.

On the other hand, the additive should be a material with less deterioration over time, the above can be said to be a high quality additive for permanent recording,

The present invention to maximize the utility of the granulated vegetation base material that can replace the conventional additives as described above to solve the problems up to now and to achieve the purpose of slope protection and permanent greening.

When the granular vegetation base material of the present invention disclosed to achieve the above object is described in detail as follows.

The isolated vegetation base material of the present invention first introduced physical thixotropy to improve the erosion prevention ability of the slope.

Each of the fine particles of the composition in which the various materials except the seeds are mixed is regarded as colloidal particles. When the colloidal particles are mixed with water in the container or immediately before installation, the colloidal particles have fluidity in the form of beadazole or organosol in which a solid phase and a liquid phase exist.

The isolated vegetation base material of the present invention utilizes the property of a surfactant in which particles become aggregates of molecules or ions having a low molecular weight in this state. The colloidal particles form a network structure as a whole by interaction and solidify with a considerable amount of liquid as a dispersion medium.

Physical thixotropy is a property of having a fluidity by applying an external force to a solidified state and returning to a solidified state by removing an external force.

Therefore, the fluidity before attaching to the inclined surface is solidified immediately after being attached to the inclined surface, thereby ensuring stability.

The above mechanism is due to the synergistic effect of the granulation improving material for forming the granulated vegetation base material provided by the present invention and each material mixed in the vegetation composition, and the coal ash as the main component has a crosslinking effect with other particles. It is possible to act to cause.

In particular, it is potassium alumina and ferric sulfate that synergistically induce both fluidity and solidification conditions with coal ash. When potassium alum and ferric sulfate are dissolved, a strong adsorptive force is generated, and the particle combinations are induced by using each porous element of coal ash.

Potassium alum is hydrolyzed in or just before mounting to form aluminum hydroxide, which gradually solidifies when electrolyte is added to the aluminum hydroxide. In particular, calcium oxide, which is a component of slaked lime, serves as an adjuvant to maximize these properties of potassium alum and, together with cement, serves as an expanding material to help maintain strength and to secure voids.

In addition, clay dispersions and silica gel also have variability in fluidity, solidification, and coagulation. These materials have such characteristics alone but can be mixed and used.

In addition, the solidified blowing member does not absorb the excess moisture more than a certain amount of saturation, it is given a characteristic that is difficult to be lost by its own weight even in the rain after the construction, the usual rainfall.

In addition, palm filament, one of the additives of the vegetation composition, increases the overall bonding strength of the mounting material apart from the coagulation action of cement and gypsum, which binds the colloidal particles in the composition, thereby adding stability to loss and drying. Or it plays a big role in preventing cracks caused by rainfall.

The scavenger is composed of plant fiber, fertilizer, seeds, etc., so the coal ash, calcium, aluminum, silica, and cement components react with each other after slicing, and the stimulation caused by sulfate and alkali components is caused by ethrin guide and moss salt hydrate. , Calcium silicate hydrate is polymerized to rapidly build up granulation of soil particles surrounding the soil particles.

Since the fertilizer component mixed in the composition is not leached at a slow rate because it is not the connection of the soil particles by the conventional polymer resin, securing the bondability by the isolated vegetation base material of the present invention maintains a very good condition and is effective in the long term. Keep it.

Hydration products such as ethrin guide contain a large amount of water, it is possible to ensure sufficient water retention necessary for the growth of plants. The hydrate formed therein has a needle-like crystal structure, so that excess moisture more than the saturation amount penetrates or drains into the gap.

That is, the water retention as well as the good water permeability maximizes the three-phase structure that the present composition is the soil conditions suitable for the growth of plants.

In addition, in addition to the three major nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, kali), macroelements and trace elements play an important role in plant growth.

The isolated vegetation base material of the present invention contains not only three major nutrients but also a large amount of trace elements and trace elements in a concentrated state.

Therefore, if only three nutrients are added at the time of attachment or after a certain period of time to form the desired vegetation ecosystem, the normal growth of the desired vegetation zone can be guaranteed. In addition, coal ash has a porous shape, which is a good condition to promote the activation of fungi in the soil, and the activity of soil fungi enables the immobilization of air nitrogen, so that a self-producing system of nutrients necessary for permanent greening can be established. It is.

Hereinafter, the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

(Example 1)

Fly ash (Hadong thermal power calculation, refined ash processing ash) 16 kg (weight ratio 60-90%),

Crude steel cement (Ssangyong Cement) 2.8㎏ (weight ratio 10-30%),

0.4 kg of slaked lime (weight ratio 1-10%),

Potassium alumina and ferric sulfate 0.4 kg (weight ratio 1-10%),

Silica fume (silicafume, SiO _2, dihydrate interdisciplinary) 0.4㎏ (weight ratio of 1 to 10%)

After mixing to prepare a granulation improving material and packaging 20 kg,

High quality loam 660 kg (weight ratio 30-70%) of the site,

Coco-peat 66kg (10-30% by weight) containing palm filament,

A vegetation composition in which 132 kg (weight ratio of 30 to 70%) of organic fertilizer (bark fermentation product) was mixed was mixed with the above-mentioned granulation improving material to form a granulating vegetation base material.

The isolated vegetation base material was erected using a crane and then constructed on slopes where the inclined area was 20㎡ and the inclination was 55 °.

The construction site has a total inclined area of 800㎡, and the wet and wood-based seeds were added to the granulation improving material and the vegetation base material by using a wet installation machine, and the thickness was 3cm. Initial chemical reactions occurred and adhesion was very good.

In particular, 3 months and 1 year later, the increase in woody spots was observed. It can be seen that natural transition is one of the important functions of the isolated vegetation base material provided by the present invention.

(Example 2)

Crude steel cement (Ssangyong Cement) 9㎏ (weight ratio 30-50%),

Potassium alum 3 kg (weight ratio 1-20%),

3 kg of slaked lime (weight ratio 1-20%),

Vent Knight 5 kg (weight ratio 10-20%)

After mixing to prepare a granulation improving material and packaging 20 kg,

High quality soil 660 kg (30-70% of weight ratio) of the site,

66 kg of coco peat containing palm filament (10-30% by weight),

A vegetation composition in which 132 kg (weight ratio of 30 to 70%) of organic fertilizer (bark fermentation product) was mixed was mixed with the above-mentioned granulation improving material to form a granulating vegetation base material.

Seeds of grass and wood were added to the isolated vegetation base material by using a wet mounting machine, and a construction thickness of 3 cm was attached to a slope on which a slope area of 20 m 2 and a slope of 86 ° loam windscreen were distributed.

The construction is characterized by the fact that the construction site is close to the sea and that the slope of the slope is close to 90 °, and it is resistant to sliding by salt and wind and the growth of herbs is good.

(Example 3)

Portland cement 7 kg (weight ratio 30-50%),

3 kg of slaked lime (weight ratio 10-20%),

2 kg of silicon dioxide (weight ratio 10-20%),

Vent Knight 8 kg (weight ratio 30-50%)

After mixing to prepare a granulation improving material and packaging 20 kg,

High quality soil 660 kg (30-70% of weight ratio) of the site,

66 kg of coco peat containing palm filament (10-30% by weight),

A vegetation composition in which 132 kg (weight ratio of 30 to 70%) of organic fertilizer (bark fermentation product) was mixed was mixed with the above-mentioned granulation improving material to form a granulating vegetation base material.

The wet planter was used to feed the seedlings of grass and wood into the isolated vegetation base material, and was constructed on the slope where 20 m² of slope and 55 ° sandy soil screen were distributed.

Initial chemical reactions occurred and adhesion was very good. In particular, 3 months and 1 year later, the surface was integrated with the ground and completely topsoiled.

It can be seen that complete topsoiling, which is one of the important functions of the present invention, is possible.

As described in detail above, the existing additive is intended to improve the quality of the sloped greening material, but has a problem in that the original characteristics of the soil or the greening material cannot be maintained as it is.

Although the granulation by the conventional additive indicates the phenomenon by the adhesive component, the blowing member (or the topsoil) formed by adhering to the polymer resin can be seen as the blowing topsoil coated with the resin film.

The isolated vegetation base material of the present invention is a material composed of essential nutrients such as coal ash, organic components, and inorganic components derived from plants.

Therefore, the present invention, unlike the industrial additives that have been used up to now consists of a material that forms the original soil. This allows the present invention to produce the soil closest to the original soil or above its capacity without secondary pollution, and provides the best access to permanent greening of the slope.

In addition, the granulated vegetation base material of the present invention exhibits water-retaining power, water permeability, bovine power, water permeability, and erosion prevention ability in addition to the effect of the granulation.

In addition to the role of forming the soil having the original or higher capacity, the constituent material of the present invention, in addition to the role of forming the soil, can develop a new root of rock rock by surprisingly developing the roots by the complex action of the various effects described above. Can be.

The complexity of the rock The roots are stretched according to various irregularities, and there are many roots in the crevices, which can contribute to the development of pro-natural methods that can most effectively restrain the erosion of slopes.

In addition, as can be seen from the embodiment, the natural transition is very favorable by making the environment similar to the vegetation zone around one year later, and this can be seen that it provides conditions suitable for the growth of woody plants.

In addition, even in sandy soils close to 80 °, there is no particular problem, the overcoming of the slope is sufficient, and the topsoil is very stable, which indicates that it is integrated with the ground.

In particular, when a herbaceous plant and a herbaceous plant are simultaneously introduced into the slope, more excellent effects can be expected. Therefore, it is possible to omit the process of laying the net using the existing non-corrupting material, and it is possible to pass the high quality slope greening to the next generation because there is no natural and secondary damage caused by the material that has been used as a necessary evil to restore and restore nature. The expected effect is great invention.

Claims (3)

Fly ash weight ratio 60 ~ 90%, cement weight ratio 10-30%, calcined lime weight ratio 1-10%, potassium alum and ferric sulfate weight ratio 1-10%, silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ , silica fume) weight ratio 1-10% , 30 ~ 70% of high quality land weight ratio in coarse granule improving material, 10 ~ 30% of coco peat weight containing 1 ~ 100mm palm filament, and 30 ~ 70% weight ratio of organic fertilizer (bark fermented product) A granulated vegetation base material, characterized in that the composition for mixing vegetation made of each other. 30% to 50% cement weight ratio, potassium alum or ferric sulfate, and selected by mixing 1 to 20% by weight, 1 to 20% by weight of slaked lime and 10 to 20% by weight of bentite. A mixture of vegetation compositions consisting of 10 to 30% by weight of cocoite containing 1 to 100 mm of palm filament and 30 to 70% by weight of organic fertilizer (bark fermented product), which is sufficiently ripe, is mixed and formed. Isolation vegetation foundation. 30% to 50% cement weight ratio, 10 to 20% slaked lime weight ratio, 10 to 20% weight ratio of silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ , silica fume) and 30 to 50% weight ratio of bent nitrate. 70%, 1 to 100 mm of Cocopit weight ratio containing palm filament fiber, 30 to 70% by weight of organic fertilizer (bark fermentation product), which is sufficiently ripe Isolated vegetation.