CN1178570C - Composite material with plant nourishing effect and its prepn. - Google Patents
Composite material with plant nourishing effect and its prepn. Download PDFInfo
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- CN1178570C CN1178570C CNB021112533A CN02111253A CN1178570C CN 1178570 C CN1178570 C CN 1178570C CN B021112533 A CNB021112533 A CN B021112533A CN 02111253 A CN02111253 A CN 02111253A CN 1178570 C CN1178570 C CN 1178570C
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- peat
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a composite material with the function of providing nutrients for plant growth and structural strength, and a technology thereof. The composite material is prepared from 40 to 60% of peat, 10 to 30% of curing agent, 10 to 30% of adsorbing agent, 5 to 10% of nutritional additive and 0 to 1% of additive; the peat is dewatered, crushed and weighed according to the weight proportion; the adsorbing agent, the nutritional additive, the additive and the curing agent are added, stirred evenly and prepared into the composite material of the present invention; finally, the composite material is transported to the use spot or prefabricated for stock, wherein the former comprises transporting the composite material to the use spot for press forming, filling in seeds and laying composite material with seeds for use, and the latter comprises filling in seeds after press forming on the productive spot and solidification, and storing the composite material processed by warehousing or preparing the composite material into slurry for coating, coating the slurry on the surface layer of various shapes directly and filling in and burying seeds for three-dimensional afforestation. The present invention has the advantages of simple technology and low cost, and has the function of providing nutrients for plants; the present invention has the characteristics of certain structural strength and affinity compatibility with a building surface, and can be widely applied to the reform of deteriorated grassland, forestland, desert, salinized land, etc., three-dimensional agriculture, soilless culture, hand molding afforestation, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prescription with composite of plant nutrition effect and structural strength.
Background technology
Existence demand along with development in science and technology and mankind itself; preserve the ecological environment and mention on the agenda; the ecology of the ecology in gardens, the ecology of building, agricultural etc.; particularly prevent desertization; reduce sandstorm; afforestation not only is concerned about by the professional person, and the common common people also very pay close attention to.
As everyone knows, have the material of plant nutrition effect, general system is referred to as fertilizer.From can being divided into chemical fertilizer and organic manure in nature, then dividing on the form and can be divided into solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer.Yet say that generally plant also cannot be grown directly upon on the fertilizer, and needs in the incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, plant is planted on soil.Because the laxity of soil itself so generally always need vessel, as flowerpot, flower bed, obviously is difficult to carry out for multi-storied agriculture, the ecology design that improves desert and building, three-dimensional contouring etc. like this.
For this reason, Sun Xiaohong, Meng Xianmin etc. have good water-holding capacity and gas permeability according to peat, and have characteristics of stronger salt balance ability, peat as nutrient matrix, has been invented " manufacture craft of composition of a kind of turf composite material and products thereof (CN1268543A) " and " peat composite for plant growing container and products thereof and application (CN1301483A) ".The component of the patent application of Sun Xiaohong is peat 55-65%, polyethylene 25-35%, the fertile 5-10% of organic and inorganic mixing, lactic acid bacteria 0.1-0.3%, thiamines 0.006-0.012%, superphosphate 0.06-0.10%.Its manufacture craft is that above-mentioned each component mixes in proportion, by selecting materials, pulverize and seedling-cultivating tray, seedlings cultivating board, alms bowl, the flowerpot of different shape being made in fragmentation, weighing, mixing, extruding, moulding, is used for growing seedlings and cultivating of vegetables, paddy rice, lawn and flowers.But, thisly will be in the peat add the composite that polyethylene is made as bonding agent, cost height, and difficult degradation, also compatible mutually with building.The patent application of Meng Xianmin is by meadow peat 93-97%, female agent (the condensation product of urea and formaldehyde of compound nutritional, plain, the alcoholic solution that adds methyl and indolebutyric acid under the nitro humic acid condition is made) 0.90-4.0%, swelling agent (composition of vermiculite, calcium carbonate or vermiculite and polyacrylamide) 0.3-1.5%, regulating acid agent (calcium carbonate and dolomite powder that 40 orders are following) 0.8-3.0% forms.Said composition is repressed makes various nutrition pot for seedling culture, has solved that the peat growing medium volume is big, transportation inconvenience, problems such as configuration complexity.But structural strength is not considered in this invention, can not satisfy the usefulness of greening of large tracts of land such as desert, environmental ecologyization and agricultural modernization.
In addition, seedling medium is made with the sulfuric acid copolymer of peat, fertilizer, trace element and a small amount of oxireme one benzene phenol in the ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems by Britain and Germany, can promote plant growing, and is nontoxic substantially again, but cost is quite high.
Generally speaking, because curing agent all adopts macromolecular material in the foregoing invention, and polymeric additive need be considered toxicity problem, and simultaneously foregoing invention is neither considered structural strength, does not also consider the problems such as compatibility compatibility with the concrete of building in modern age, masonry material etc.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to disclose a kind of existing certain structure intensity, built or the affine compatibility of design thing with modern age again, and have the component of the composite of good plant nutrition effect.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention with nontoxic inorganic material portland cement and slaked lime as curing agent; With China contain abundant, and the peat of being rich in nutrition effect be raw material, add nourishing additive agent, play the wood chip of controlled release nutritive element effect, make it to reach and be rich in plant nutrition, the composite that meets the machine-shaping requirement and have certain mechanical structure intensity.The present invention is proportioning as following weight percent:
| Peat | Wood chip | Cement and slaked lime | Nourishing additive agent |
| 40~60％ | 10~30％ | 10~30％ | 5~10％ |
The content of organic matter of the used peat of the present invention should be greater than 50%, and water content generally is not higher than 20%.
Wood chip can be pine, the wood chip of poplar or other various timber, and water content generally is not higher than 20%.
The cement grade of cement and slaked lime generally is not less than No. 500, and slaked lime can be with quicklime hydration preparation, adds after making lime paste.Cement: slaked lime is 1.0: 1.0 ~ 5.8.
Nourishing additive agent is the required nutritive element of plant, comprise nitrogen phosphorus potassium macroelement and calcium, magnesium, sulphur, copper, zinc, iron, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, manganese ... the composite trace element of forming, denitrogenate with urea or nitrate form and add, phosphorus adds with the form of rock phosphate and fused calcium magnesium phosphate, outside potassium adds with the potassium sulphate form, other elements generally are its esters, as the form adding of sulphate.
Preparation technology of the present invention is as follows:
At first, after peat dewaters, be broken into the above particle of 10 orders.Then, good by above-mentioned percentage by weight weighing, in peat, add adsorbent successively, nourishing additive agent, and selected additive adds stir (wherein plant growth regulator and deodorant tune etc. are wanted water or dissolution with solvents, dilution) on demand.Then, add curing agent again, mix thoroughly, make composite material powder of the present invention.This powder divides the machine-shaping of two places.The first, in situ preparation: powder is transported to the scene, adds the required water yield of conventional compression moulding, stir, in special mould, be pressed into the nutrition cultivation piece of required specification shape, cover the usefulness of the solid sand of conduct greening on desert, deteriorate grassland or the saline-alkali soil, or be fixed on the various facilities of multi-storied agriculture, or direct each position that is coated in ecotecture with wet feed, after the curing, water water, can impel the seed of putting in advance to sprout, take root, and develop into normal plant.Second, the prefabricated storage of nutritive cube: at production site, add the conventional required water yield of compression moulding, fully mix and stir, make wet feed of the present invention, then or make flat board, alms bowl shape thing, pan, and open artificial seed hole thereon, treat to insert seed after it solidifies, cover rock wool, can put storage in storage.Be transported to on-the-spot the use when needing.Also can adjust component content of the present invention in addition, add the moisture of the top layer coating requirement of satisfying architectural engineering according to the unlike material of three-dimensional contouring thing or building surface, make the slurry of direct coating, be coated in the top layer of various moulding, the landfill seed carries out vertical planting again.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
Since prescription of the present invention in curing agent without macromolecular material, but adopted the compound of Portland cement and slaked lime, above-mentioned substance or after transforming equal nuisanceless features of tool, promptly do not cause environmental pollution, therefore both compliance with environmental protection requirements of product, has certain structure intensity again, and the compatibility compatibility is arranged with the concrete of building surface, masonry material etc., can be widely used in afforestation, multi-storied agriculture, soilless culture, the transformation on desert and degeneration grassland, the artificial model of green plants etc.
2. owing to wood chip in the compositing formula of the present invention is an adsorbent, so when the required long-acting and quick-acting various plants nutrition of growth and development of plants is provided, also has good water-holding capacity, therefore, after nursery stock, turf or the crop transplanting with institute's cultivation, no matter subsoil is sandstone or saline-alkali soil or desert soil etc., the present invention can both provide nutrition preferably and moisture condition for vegetation, help plant opposing adverse circumstance, increase survival rate.
3. the method for preparing composite of the present invention is simple, and cost is low, only needs conventional equipment and instrument, and technological requirement is also low, adopts airing to get final product as the peat dewatering technology.
4. it is easy to adopt material of the present invention to carry out the technology of machine-shaping, easy construction.When making the greening moulder, fully can be according to the procedure arrangement construction of routine building engineering.Making all suitable Mechanized Processing such as plate, dish, alms bowl, raise labour productivity.
5. use the special freedom and flexibility of material of the present invention, both can make moulding in advance, transport to on-the-spot the use again, also powder of the present invention can be transported to the scene, directly make moulding, can also adjust prescription according to moulding or building surface structural material, be made into the surface applied agent of garden arts and greening moulding, the construction of the complicated gardening moulder of particularly suitable.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Briquetting of the present invention is made the composite of moulding and is made up of following percentage by weight: peat 58.37% wood chip 19.46%; Portland cement 6.49% slaked lime (over dry) 6.49% rock phosphate 3.89% fused calcium magnesium phosphate 1.30%; Urea 2.60%; Potassium sulphate 1.30%; Composite trace element 0.1%.
The preparation method that above-mentioned briquetting is made moulding is as follows: at first, will originate from the peat of the content of organics 60% ~ 70% of Laiyuan County, Hebei province, make moisture content not be higher than 20% after airing, and broken processing back fineness reaches 10 orders.Then, calculate the back weighing, obtain following prescription by above-mentioned percentage by weight:
The title weight specification
45 kilogram of 10 order of peat
15 kilogram of 0 ~ 10 order of wood chip
5 kilograms of portland cements
5 kilograms in slaked lime (over dry)
3 kilograms in rock phosphate is greater than 10 orders
1 kilogram in fused calcium magnesium phosphate is greater than 10 orders
2 kilograms in urea
1 kilogram of potassium sulphate
Composite trace element
(strong yield increasing agent 1) 0.1 kilogram is greater than 10 orders
Then, composite trace element, urea and potassium sulphate are dissolved in 10 kilograms of water intakings earlier.Mix peat and wood chip thoroughly the back above-mentioned solution of absorption earlier again, and then add fused calcium magnesium phosphate, rock phosphate, portland cement and slaked lime, fully mix the back thoroughly and add the conventional required water yield of compression moulding, stir the state of to suppress of making.Briquetting in mould (being pressed into 1 kilogram/piece), on the seed hole of reserving seed for planting, natural seasoning was solidified 10 ~ 15 days.Add seed after waiting to harden in the seed hole, last rock cover cotton is kept at dry place (also can just be kept at dark and damp place before adding seed, face time spent adding seed and cover rock wool).Finish the moulding task of making.
Directly on test block, water during use, inhale permeable being placed in the open.Seed germination in the future not, plant can well grow under field conditions (factors).In kind of when grass, can directly scatter seeds on the nutrition plate that machine is made, and multiple with the natural gum coating, and directly put in storage dry back.Outbound and watering during use, seed is sprouted naturally, and the back of emerging moves into the destination.The penetrable composite layer of the present invention of the grass roots of vigorous growth directly gos deep into subsoil or layer of sand.Composite layer of the present invention also can provide sufficient moisture and oxygen branch, and can play the effect of separating improvement sandy soil layer, remaking vegetation.
Embodiment 2
The composite of making coating of the present invention is made up of following percentage by weight: peat 56.53%; Wood sawdust 18.84%; Portland cement 6.28%; Slaked lime (over dry) 9.42%; Rock phosphate 5.03%; Urea 2.51%; Potassium sulphate 1.26%; Composite trace element 0.13%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned making coating is as follows: at first, will originate from the peat of the content of organics 60% ~ 70% of Laiyuan County, Hebei province, make moisture content not be higher than 20% after airing, and broken processing back fineness reaches 10 orders.Then, calculate the back weighing, obtain following prescription by above-mentioned percentage by weight:
The material name weight specification
45 kilogram of 10 order of peat
15 kilogram of 0 ~ 10 order of wood chip
5 kilograms of portland cements
7.5 kilograms in slaked lime (over dry)
4 kilograms in rock phosphate is greater than 10 orders
2 kilograms in urea
1 kilogram of potassium sulphate
Composite trace element
(strong yield increasing agent 2) 0.1 kilogram is greater than 10 orders
Composite trace element (strong yield increasing agent 2), urea and potassium sulphate are dissolved in 10 kilograms of water intakings earlier.Peat and wood chip are mixed the back above-mentioned solution of absorption earlier thoroughly, and then add rock phosphate, portland cement and slaked lime, add water after fully mixing thoroughly and do agglutination in right amount and can smear state.Smear this material of 10mm thickness on the cement wall surface, dried slightly after, make the seed hole thereon with special equipment, solidify and can put into seed after 10 days and cover rock wool.Water fully irrigates during use.Can grow seedling in the seed hole within the next few days, this nutritive layer can promote seedling growth.Compare this nutritive layer adaptability with earth strong, also do not produce floating dust in the strong wind.And comprehensive nutrition, also pollution-free to environment.
Claims (5)
1. composite with plant nutrition effect is characterized in that: forms by peat, wood chip, cement and slaked lime, nourishing additive agent, and proportioning as following weight percent: peat is 40 ~ 60%; Cement and slaked lime are 10 ~ 30%; Wood chip 10 ~ 30%; Nourishing additive agent 5 ~ 10%.
2. a kind of composite according to claim 1 with plant nutrition effect, it is characterized in that: the content of organic matter of described peat should be greater than 50%, and water content is not higher than 20%.
3. a kind of composite with plant nutrition effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described wood chip, can be pine, and the wood chip of poplar or other various timber, water content is not higher than 20%.
4. a kind of composite with plant nutrition effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described cement and slaked lime are the compound of Portland cement and slaked lime, cement: slaked lime is 1.0: 1.0 ~ 5.8.
5. a kind of composite with plant nutrition effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described nourishing additive agent is the required nitrogen phosphorus potassium of plant and calcium, magnesium, sulphur, copper, zinc, iron, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, manganese composite trace element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021112533A CN1178570C (en) | 2002-04-03 | 2002-04-03 | Composite material with plant nourishing effect and its prepn. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021112533A CN1178570C (en) | 2002-04-03 | 2002-04-03 | Composite material with plant nourishing effect and its prepn. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1375483A CN1375483A (en) | 2002-10-23 |
| CN1178570C true CN1178570C (en) | 2004-12-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021112533A Expired - Fee Related CN1178570C (en) | 2002-04-03 | 2002-04-03 | Composite material with plant nourishing effect and its prepn. |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022233382A1 (en) | 2021-05-03 | 2022-11-10 | Roheline Kivi Oü | Composite for a plant growth substrate and methods for use said substrate |
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| TW201101990A (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-16 | zhen-zheng Huang | Plant media |
| CN102177841B (en) * | 2011-05-09 | 2013-07-10 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Method for improving attaching effect of algas on surface of artificial reef |
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| CN102771336B (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2013-12-18 | 江苏花海农业科技有限公司 | Production method of square porous ecological nutrition pots |
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| CN102860231B (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-10-09 | 江苏花海农业科技有限公司 | Production method of integrated afforestation nutrition pot |
| CN102860232B (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-10-09 | 江苏花海农业科技有限公司 | Method for greening barren hills |
| CN103314761B (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-01-21 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | Vegetation-type ecological concrete micro-plant cultivation method |
| CN105481545A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-13 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Environment-friendly fertilizer suitable for potted plant, and preparation method thereof |
| CN107318515B (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2020-05-26 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | Vertical greening planting module concrete and configuration method |
| CN107189790A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-09-22 | 舒城县舒茶九六茶场 | A kind of alkaline soil improver |
| CN108243903A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-06 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of cultivation matrix of vertical greening plants and preparation method thereof |
| CN109526469A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-29 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of nutritive cube for meadow sheep's hay field planting of degenerating |
| CN111454093B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2022-03-11 | 浙江科技学院 | Special stable organic and inorganic fertilizer for rice prepared from biogas residues and preparation method thereof |
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-
2002
- 2002-04-03 CN CNB021112533A patent/CN1178570C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022233382A1 (en) | 2021-05-03 | 2022-11-10 | Roheline Kivi Oü | Composite for a plant growth substrate and methods for use said substrate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1375483A (en) | 2002-10-23 |
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