CN117546643A - Mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilization device and method - Google Patents
Mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilization device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117546643A CN117546643A CN202410038559.7A CN202410038559A CN117546643A CN 117546643 A CN117546643 A CN 117546643A CN 202410038559 A CN202410038559 A CN 202410038559A CN 117546643 A CN117546643 A CN 117546643A
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- stirring
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000589151 Azotobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/02—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel
- A01B33/021—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel with rigid tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/08—Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
- A01B33/10—Structural or functional features of the tools ; Theoretical aspects of the cutting action
- A01B33/103—Structural or functional features of the tools ; Theoretical aspects of the cutting action the rotating shaft being oriented horizontally
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
- A01B33/08—Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
- A01B33/12—Arrangement of the tools; Screening of the tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/005—Undercarriages, tanks, hoppers, stirrers specially adapted for seeders or fertiliser distributors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/06—Fertiliser distributors with distributing slots, e.g. adjustable openings for dosing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/12—Fertiliser distributors with movable parts of the receptacle
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of mining area soil fertilization, and in particular provides a mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilization device and method, comprising the following steps: the rotating shaft and the spraying and discharging mechanism. According to the invention, the functions of synchronous soil rotary tillage and fertilization are realized by matching the plurality of rotary blades with the spraying and discharging mechanism on the rotary blades, and the fertilizer is uniformly sprayed downwards through the spraying and discharging mechanism, so that the uniformity of mixing the soil and the fertilizer is improved, the fertilizer is uniformly distributed in the whole planting area, the stirring shaft drives the storage cylinder to vibrate up and down when the rotary blades drive the rotary blades to rotary tillage the soil, the flow of the fertilizer can be better controlled through the vibration of the storage cylinder and the dispersing cover, the phenomenon that the fertilizer is blocked at an outlet or unevenly flows is avoided, and the fertilizer can be uniformly sprayed on the soil to be uniformly mixed with the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining area soil fertilization, and particularly provides a mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilization device and method.
Background
The effect of improving soil plant microorganisms in mining areas is as follows: the beneficial bacteria group promotes plant growth, improves soil fertility, resists soil pollution, keeps water and soil resources and the like, so that the beneficial bacteria group such as azotobacter, phosphorus-dissolving bacteria and the like can be introduced into the soil in a mining area in the fertilization process, form symbiotic relation with plants, promote the plants to absorb and utilize nutrient elements, and can increase the organic matter content in the soil, improve the soil structure and improve the water retention capacity and fertility of the soil.
In order to mix fertilizer with soil during rotary tillage of the land, the invention patent application number 202210073413.7 discloses an automatic rotary tillage fertilizer applicator which can scatter fertilizer in a fertilizer storage box in the field by arranging a plurality of material guiding pipes and simultaneously perform rotary tillage and fertilizer application.
But above-mentioned fertilization mode, fertilizer only can be fertilizeed along the travel route of a plurality of passage, soil outside the passage travel route then can not mix with fertilizer, reduced the homogeneity that soil and fertilizer mix in the rotary tillage process, make fertilizer unable evenly distributed in whole planting region, be unfavorable for plant root system to absorb the nutrient and then influence the growth of plant comprehensively, and because fertilizer storage time is easy to wet after a long time, lead to at the in-process of fertilization, when fertilizer moves the ejection of compact downwards through self gravity effect, easily stay in the passage and block up the passage, influence going on smoothly of fertilization.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a device and a method for improving and fertilizing soil microorganisms in a mining area, so as to solve the technical problems that in the process of rotary tillage and fertilization in the related art, fertilizers are difficult to uniformly spray, so that the uniformity of mixing the fertilizers with soil is reduced, and in the process of fertilization, the fertilizers are difficult to smoothly discharge only through the gravity of the fertilizers.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application provides the following technical solutions: a mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilization device, comprising: the rotary shaft is fixedly sleeved with rotary blades which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the rotary shaft, leveling and mixing mechanisms are jointly installed at two ends of the rotary shaft, a storage box is arranged above the rotary shaft, and a spraying and discharging mechanism is arranged between the storage box and the rotary shaft.
The utility model provides a spray discharge mechanism, including being located storage box below and evenly arranging along its axial a plurality of storage section of thick bamboo, the storage section of thick bamboo is located the top between two adjacent rotary blade, be connected through flexible group between storage section of thick bamboo and the storage box, the internal rotation of storage section of thick bamboo is connected with the (mixing) shaft, the (mixing) shaft is close to storage section of thick bamboo inner wall both ends department and all installs the driving lever, the inner wall that the storage section of thick bamboo is close to both ends department and all installs the triangle voussoir of arranging from top to bottom, the driving lever is located between two upper and lower triangle voussoirs, the feed opening has been seted up to the bottom of storage section of thick bamboo, install the screening board on the feed opening, the solid fixed ring rather than the intercommunication is installed to the lower extreme of feed opening, the dispersion cover is installed to the bottom of solid fixed ring, the dispersion cover is loudspeaker form, evenly arranged along its circumference spray channel has been seted up to the inner wall of dispersion cover, the part that one side that the (mixing) channel is close to the dispersion cover axis has been close to the leak that the lower extreme evenly arranged, the lower extreme of dispersion cover is provided with closed group.
The storage divides a section of thick bamboo all to offer along the both ends of its axial arrangement and runs through the groove, runs through the inslot and is connected with gliding baffle from top to bottom, and the both ends of (mixing) shaft all rotate and run through the baffle, and wherein one end sliding connection fixed cover of storage divides a section of thick bamboo, and the other end sliding connection of storage divides a section of thick bamboo has an inverted L type box, fixed cover and the vertical section swing joint of dispersion cover, with storage box bottom fixed connection, installs the rotatory drive group of drive dispersion cover in the fixed cover, the upper end and the storage box fixed connection of inverted L type box, the lower extreme rotation cover of inverted L type box is established on the rotation axis.
In one possible implementation mode, the telescopic group comprises a communicating cylinder connected at the bottom of the storage box and communicated with the storage box, a spring groove is formed in the inner wall of the communicating cylinder, the lower end of the communicating cylinder is inserted with an inserting cylinder sliding up and down, the upper end face of the inserting cylinder is inclined, the side wall of the inserting cylinder is connected with an ear plate in sliding fit with the spring groove, a reset spring is arranged between the ear plate and the spring groove, and the bottom of the inserting cylinder is communicated with the top of the storage sub-cylinder.
In one possible implementation mode, the rotary driving group comprises a stirring shaft, a conversion shaft and a swivel which are rotationally connected in a fixed cover, wherein rotary gears are fixedly sleeved on the stirring shaft, the conversion shaft and the swivel, the three rotary gears are in meshed transmission, the stirring shaft, the conversion shaft and the swivel are in triangular arrangement, the swivel is sleeved on a vertical section of the dispersion cover, the rotary gears on the swivel are connected with the vertical section of the dispersion cover in a spline fit mode, bevel gears are fixedly sleeved on the top of the stirring shaft, and the two bevel gears are in meshed transmission.
In a possible implementation manner, the leveling mixing mechanism comprises a rotating shaft, the side wall of the rotating shaft is provided with a mixing and evenly stirring plate which is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft through a bracket, the mixing and evenly stirring plate is in a V shape, one end of the mixing and evenly stirring plate is provided with rake teeth which are evenly distributed along the axis of the rotating shaft, and both ends of the rotating shaft are jointly sleeved with a protective cover in a rotating manner.
In one possible implementation mode, the closed group comprises a fixed strip arranged at the lower end of the storage sub-cylinder, the lower end of the dispersing cover is provided with scraping rods, the vertical sections of the scraping rods are inclined and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the dispersing cover, the vertical sections of the scraping rods are jointly provided with fixed blocks, and the fixed blocks are connected with the fixed strips through connecting rods.
In one possible implementation manner, stirring rods which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the side wall of the stirring shaft, and the stirring rods are distributed in a staggered manner in the axial direction of the stirring shaft.
In addition, the invention also provides a mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilization method, which comprises the following steps: s1, mounting and feeding: install the storage box on walking tractor or other automatic machines through the link of storage box both sides to pour the fertilizer that contains the beneficial fungus crowd into the storage box, the fertilizer gets into the storage through flexible group and divides the section of thick bamboo, and partial fertilizer passes through screening board and gets into the passageway of spraying, and the closed group blocks the fertilizer in the passageway of spraying of fertilizer, makes fertilizer stay in the passageway of spraying.
S2, soil turning and blanking: the rotation of the rotation shaft drives the rotation blade to rotate to turn over the soil in the mining area, meanwhile, the rotation shaft drives the stirring shaft to rotate through the first sprocket chain, the transition shaft and the second sprocket chain in the rotation process of the rotation shaft, the stirring shaft drives the storage cylinder and the dispersing cover to vibrate up and down through the cooperation of the deflector rod and the triangular wedge block in the rotation process of the stirring shaft, and the lower end of the fertilizer spraying channel is sprayed out through the vibration of the storage cylinder and the dispersing cover.
S3, rotary spraying: the stirring shaft drives the dispersing cover to rotate through the rotary driving group in the rotating process, and the fertilizer in the spraying channel is sprayed out through the leakage holes and the lower end of the spraying channel when the dispersing cover rotates, and the fertilizer is uniformly sprayed out in an umbrella shape under the action of the rotary force of the dispersing cover.
S4, stirring and mixing: the rotation of the rotating shaft drives the leveling mixing mechanism to turn and level soil after soil turning, and simultaneously, the soil and the fertilizer are mixed again.
The above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: 1. according to the mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilizer injection unit designed by the invention, in the process of rotary tillage and fertilization of soil, the functions of synchronous soil rotary tillage and fertilization are realized through the cooperation of the plurality of rotary blades and the spraying and discharging mechanisms on the rotary blades, and the fertilizer is uniformly sprayed downwards through the spraying and discharging mechanisms, so that the uniformity of mixing of the soil and the fertilizer is improved, the fertilizer is uniformly distributed in the whole planting area, the plant roots can absorb nutrients more comprehensively, the growth of plants is promoted, and the stirring shaft drives the storage and distribution cylinder to vibrate up and down when the rotary blades drive the rotary blades to rotary tillage the soil, the flow of the fertilizer can be better controlled through the vibration of the storage and distribution cylinder and the dispersion cover, the blockage of the fertilizer at an outlet or the uneven flow of the fertilizer can be avoided, and the fertilizer can be uniformly sprayed on the soil to be uniformly mixed with the soil.
2. According to the invention, the stirring shaft drives the stirring shaft to rotate through the meshing transmission between the two bevel gears in the rotating process, and the stirring shaft drives the dispersing cover to rotate through the meshing of the three rotating gears and the spline fit between the rotating gears sleeved on the dispersing cover and the dispersing cover in the rotating process, so that the dispersing cover can carry out rotary spraying on the fertilizer, the spraying range of the fertilizer is enlarged, and the uniformity of fertilizer spraying is improved.
3. According to the invention, the stirring rods are axially staggered along the stirring shaft, the stirring shaft drives the stirring rods to rotate in the rotating process, the stirring rods stir and disperse the fertilizer in the storage and distribution cylinder, the problem of blockage of the spraying channel caused by blockage of the fertilizer agglomeration in the spraying channel is avoided, and meanwhile, the uniformity of fertilizer spraying is further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a second overall perspective structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fixed cover of the spraying and discharging mechanism of the present invention in a partially cut-away perspective.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first partially cut-away perspective view of a storage cartridge in a spray discharge mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second partial cut-away perspective view of a storage and dispensing cartridge in a dispensing discharge mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the telescoping assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dispersion guard of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection mechanism in the inverted L-shaped case of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a rotation shaft; 2. a rotary blade; 3. leveling and mixing mechanism; 30. a rotating shaft; 31. mixing and leveling a stirring plate; 32. rake teeth; 33. a protective cover; 4. a storage box; 5. spraying a discharging mechanism; 50. storing and separating cylinders; 51. a telescoping group; 510. a communicating tube; 511. a spring groove; 512. a plug cylinder; 513. ear plates; 514. a return spring; 52. a stirring shaft; 520. a stirring rod; 53. a deflector rod; 54. triangular wedge blocks; 55. a screening plate; 56. a fixing ring; 57. a dispersion cover; 570. a dial shaft; 571. a switching shaft; 572. a swivel; 573. a rotary gear; 574. bevel gears; 58. a spraying channel; 59. closing the group; 590. a fixing strip; 591. a scraping rod; 592. a fixed block; 593. a connecting rod; 501. a leak hole; 502. a through groove; 503. a baffle; 504. a fixed cover; 505. an inverted L-shaped box; 506. a transition shaft.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, the following description will be given in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilization device comprises: the rotary shaft 1, fixed cover is equipped with the rotatory blade 2 of evenly arranging along its axial on the rotary shaft 1, and leveling mixing mechanism 3 is installed jointly at the both ends of rotary shaft 1, and the top of rotary shaft 1 is provided with storage box 4, is provided with between storage box 4 and the rotary shaft 1 and sprays discharge mechanism 5.
The improved fertilizer apparatus is mounted on a walking tractor or other automated machinery and the storage box 4 is secured by a connecting frame on both sides of the storage box 4.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 7, the spraying and discharging mechanism 5 includes a plurality of storage sub-cylinders 50 located below the storage box 4 and uniformly distributed along the axial direction thereof, the storage sub-cylinders 50 are located above between two adjacent rotating blades 2, the storage sub-cylinders 50 are connected with the storage box 4 through a telescopic group 51, the stirring shaft 52 is rotationally connected with the storage sub-cylinders 50, both ends of the stirring shaft 52 close to the inner wall of the storage sub-cylinders 50 are respectively provided with a deflector rod 53, both ends of the inner wall of the storage sub-cylinders 50 are respectively provided with a triangular wedge block 54 distributed up and down, the deflector rods 53 are located between the upper triangular wedge block 54 and the lower triangular wedge block 54, a feed opening is formed at the bottom of the storage sub-cylinders 50, a screening plate 55 is mounted on the feed opening, a fixed ring 56 communicated with the lower end of the feed opening is mounted at the bottom of the fixed ring 56, the dispersing cover 57 is in a horn shape, the inner wall of the dispersing cover 57 is provided with a spraying channel 58 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction thereof, one side of the scattering channel 58 close to the dispersing cover 57 is provided with a drain hole 59 distributed close to the axial direction of the dispersing cover 57.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 8, through grooves 502 are formed in two ends of the storage sub-cylinder 50 which are axially distributed, baffle plates 503 which slide up and down are connected in the through grooves 502, two ends of a stirring shaft 52 are all rotationally connected with the through baffle plates 503, the baffle plates 503 slide up and down in the through grooves 502 in the process of vibrating the storage sub-cylinder 50 up and down, fertilizer in the storage sub-cylinder 50 is prevented from leaking out of the through grooves 502, one end of the storage sub-cylinder 50 is slidingly connected with a fixed cover 504, the other end of the storage sub-cylinder 50 is slidingly connected with an inverted L-shaped box 505, the fixed cover 504 is movably connected with a vertical section of a dispersing cover 57 and is fixedly connected with the bottom of a storage box 4, a rotary driving group which drives the dispersing cover 57 to rotate is arranged in the fixed cover 504, the upper end of the inverted L-shaped box 505 is fixedly connected with the storage box 4, the lower end of the inverted L-shaped box 505 is rotationally sleeved on a rotary shaft 1, a transition shaft 506 is rotationally arranged in the inverted L-shaped box 505, the rotary shaft 1 is prevented from leaking out of the through a sprocket chain, one-step transmission connection is performed between the rotary shaft 1 and the transition shaft 506, and the stirring shaft 52 penetrates into the inverted L-shaped box 505, and is connected with the transition shaft 506 through a sprocket chain through a chain (as shown in fig. 8).
Starting the improved fertilizer application device, the rotating shaft 1 is connected with a driving motor arranged on a walking tractor or other automatic machinery, the rotating shaft 1 rotates to drive the rotating blades 2 to rotate so as to turn over soil in a mining area, the rotating shaft 1 drives the transition shaft 506 to rotate through the cooperation of the first sprocket chain in the rotating process, the transition shaft 506 drives the stirring shaft 52 to rotate through the cooperation of the second sprocket chain in the rotating process, the stirring shaft 52 drives the dispersing cover 57 to rotate through the rotating driving group in the rotating process, so that fertilizer in the spraying channel 58 is sprayed out through the drain holes 501 and the lower end openings of the spraying channel 58, and the fertilizer is sprayed out in an umbrella shape under the rotating action of the dispersing cover 57, so that the uniformity of fertilizer spraying is improved, meanwhile, the sprayed fertilizer is mixed with the soil turned over by the rotating blades 2, the uniformity of fertilizer and soil is improved, the fertilizer can be uniformly distributed in the whole planting area, the plant root system can absorb nutrients more comprehensively, and the growth of plants is promoted.
In the process of rotating the stirring shaft 52, when the deflector rod 53 contacts with the inclined surface of the triangular wedge block 54 positioned on the upper side, the deflector rod 53 rotates to push the triangular wedge block 54 to drive the storage sub-cylinder 50 to move upwards, the storage sub-cylinder 50 extrudes the telescopic group 51, and when the deflector rod 53 is separated from the triangular wedge block 54, the telescopic group 51 drives the storage sub-cylinder 50 to reset; when the deflector rod 53 contacts with the inclined surface of the triangular wedge block 54 positioned at the lower side, the deflector rod 53 rotates to push the triangular wedge block 54 to drive the storage sub-cylinder 50 to move downwards, the storage sub-cylinder 50 drives the telescopic group 51 to stretch, and when the deflector rod 53 is separated from the triangular wedge block 54, the telescopic group 51 drives the storage sub-cylinder 50 to reset, so that up-and-down vibration of the storage sub-cylinder 50 and the dispersing cover 57 is realized, the flow of the fertilizer can be better controlled through vibration of the storage sub-cylinder 50 and the dispersing cover 57, the blockage of the fertilizer at an outlet or uneven flow of the fertilizer can be avoided, and the fertilizer can be uniformly sprayed on soil to be uniformly mixed with the soil.
Referring to fig. 6, the telescopic set 51 includes a communicating tube 510 connected to the bottom of the storage box 4 and communicating with the storage box 4, a spring slot 511 is provided on an inner wall of the communicating tube 510, a tube 512 sliding up and down is inserted at a lower end of the communicating tube 510, an upper end surface of the tube 512 is inclined, a lug 513 slidably engaged with the spring slot 511 is connected to a side wall of the tube 512, a return spring 514 is installed between the lug 513 and the spring slot 511, and a bottom of the tube 512 is communicated with a top of the storage sub-tube 50.
Fertilizer enters the storage sub-cylinder 50 through the communicating cylinder 510 and the inserting cylinder 512, and when the storage sub-cylinder 50 vibrates up and down, the storage sub-cylinder 50 drives the inserting cylinder 512 to slide up and down in the communicating cylinder 510, and meanwhile, the reset spring 514 drives the storage sub-cylinder 50 to reset.
Referring to fig. 3 and 7, the rotary driving set includes a stirring shaft 570, a converting shaft 571 and a rotating ring 572 rotatably connected in the fixed cover 504, the stirring shaft 570, the converting shaft 571 and the rotating ring 572 are all fixedly sleeved with rotary gears 573, the three rotary gears 573 are meshed for transmission, the stirring shaft 570, the converting shaft 571 and the rotating ring 572 are arranged in a triangle shape, so that the arrangement length of the rotary gears 573 on the three rotary gears can be reduced, the storage sub-cylinder 50 is conveniently arranged between two adjacent rotary blades 2, the rotating ring 572 is sleeved on the vertical section of the dispersing cover 57, the rotary gears 573 on the rotating ring 572 are connected with the vertical section of the dispersing cover 57 in a spline fit manner, the top of the stirring shaft 570 and the stirring shaft 52 are fixedly sleeved with bevel gears 574, and the bevel gears 574 are meshed for transmission.
Stirring shaft 52 drives stirring axle 570 to rotate through the meshing transmission between two bevel gears 574 in the pivoted in-process, stirring axle 570 is at pivoted in-process, through the meshing between three rotation gears 573 and the spline fit between rotation gear 573 and the dispersion cover 57 of cover on dispersion cover 57, thereby drive dispersion cover 57 and rotate, make dispersion cover 57 rotatory spray the fertilizer, the range of spraying of fertilizer has been enlarged, thereby the homogeneity of fertilizer spraying has been improved, the dispersion cover 57 slides from top to bottom through its spline fit with the rotation gear 573 of cover on it when vibrating.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the leveling and mixing mechanism 3 includes a rotating shaft 30, a mixing and leveling plate 31 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 30 is mounted on a side wall of the rotating shaft 30 through a bracket, the mixing and leveling plate 31 is V-shaped, rake teeth 32 uniformly distributed along the axis of the rotating shaft 30 are mounted on one end of the mixing and leveling plate 31, the rake teeth 32 are located on one side of the mixing and leveling plate 31, which is contacted with soil first when the rotating shaft 30 rotates, the rake teeth 32 are inserted into the soil before the mixing and leveling plate 31, so that the mixing and leveling plate 31 is convenient to be inserted into the soil to turn and level the soil, a protecting cover 33 is sleeved on the end of the rotating shaft 30 corresponding to the rotating shaft 1 in a common rotation mode, three transmission modes are connected between the rotating shaft 30 and the rotating shaft 1 through a sprocket chain (not shown in the figure), and the sprocket chain is located in the protecting cover 33.
The rotation shaft 1 drives the rotation shaft 30 to rotate through the sprocket chain III in the rotating process, the rotation shaft 30 drives the rake teeth 32 and the mixing and leveling stirring plate 31 to turn over soil and fertilizer again in the rotating process, and the uniformity of mixing of the soil and the fertilizer is further improved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 7, the closing set 59 includes a fixing strip 590 installed at the lower end of the storage and separating cylinder 50, a scraping rod 591 with a vertical section inclined and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the dispersing cover 57 is installed at the lower end of the dispersing cover 57, a fixing block 592 is installed at the vertical sections of the plurality of scraping rods 591 together, the fixing block 592 is connected with the fixing strip 590 by a connecting rod 593, when the rotating shaft 1 does not work, the horizontal section and the vertical section of the scraping rod 591 block the lower end of the spraying channel 58 and the leakage holes 501, so that fertilizer is prevented from continuously being sprayed out when the fertilizer applying device stops working, and the side edges and the bottom of the dispersing cover 57 are cleaned in the process of rotating the dispersing cover 57, so that the splashing soil is prevented from adhering to the lower part of the dispersing cover 57 to block the spraying channel 58 and the leakage holes 501 in the process of rotating the rotating blade 2, so that the fertilizer is difficult to be sprayed out.
Referring to fig. 5, the side wall of the stirring shaft 52 is provided with stirring rods 520 which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the stirring rods 520 are staggered in the axial direction of the stirring shaft 52, the stirring shaft 52 drives the stirring rods 520 to rotate in the rotating process, the stirring rods 520 stir and disperse the fertilizer in the storage and distribution cylinder 50, and the blocking of the spraying channel 58 caused by the blocking of the fertilizer caking in the spraying channel 58 is avoided, and meanwhile, the uniformity of the fertilizer spraying is further improved.
In addition, the invention also provides a mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilization method, which comprises the following steps: s1, mounting and feeding: the storage box 4 is installed on a walking tractor or other automatic machinery through the connecting frames on two sides of the storage box 4, and fertilizer containing beneficial bacteria is poured into the storage box 4, enters the storage sub-cylinder 50 through the telescopic group 51, part of the fertilizer enters the spraying channel 58 through the sieving plate 55, and the closed group 59 blocks the fertilizer in the fertilizer spraying channel 58, so that the fertilizer stays in the spraying channel 58.
S2, soil turning and blanking: the rotation of the rotation shaft 1 drives the rotation blade 2 to rotate so as to turn over soil, meanwhile, the rotation shaft 1 drives the stirring shaft 52 to rotate through the first chain wheel chain, the transition shaft 506 and the second chain wheel chain in the rotation process, and in the rotation process of the stirring shaft 52, the stirring shaft 53 drives the storage distributor 50 and the dispersing cover 57 to vibrate up and down through the cooperation of the deflector rod 53 and the triangular wedge block 54, and the lower ends of the fertilizer spraying channels 58 are sprayed out through the vibration of the storage distributor 50 and the dispersing cover 57.
S3, rotary spraying: the stirring shaft 52 drives the dispersing cover 57 to rotate through the rotation driving group in the rotating process, the fertilizer in the spraying channel 58 is sprayed out through the leak holes 501 and the lower end of the spraying channel 58 when the dispersing cover 57 rotates, and the fertilizer is uniformly sprayed out in an umbrella shape under the action of the rotation force of the dispersing cover 57.
S4, stirring and mixing: the leveling mixing mechanism 3 is driven to turn over and level soil after soil turning through the rotation of the rotating shaft 1, and meanwhile, the soil and the fertilizer are mixed again.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "circumferential," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The embodiments of the present invention are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not limited in scope by the present invention, so that all equivalent changes according to the structure, shape and principle of the present invention are covered in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilizer injection unit, characterized by comprising: the rotary shaft (1) is fixedly sleeved with rotary blades (2) which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the rotary shaft (1), leveling and mixing mechanisms (3) are jointly installed at two ends of the rotary shaft (1), a storage box (4) is arranged above the rotary shaft (1), and a spraying and discharging mechanism (5) is arranged between the storage box (4) and the rotary shaft (1);
the spraying discharging mechanism (5) comprises a plurality of storage sub-cylinders (50) which are arranged below the storage box (4) and uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the storage sub-cylinders, the storage sub-cylinders (50) are arranged above two adjacent rotary blades (2), the storage sub-cylinders (50) are connected with the storage box (4) through a telescopic group (51), stirring shafts (52) are rotationally connected to the storage sub-cylinders (50), stirring rods (53) are arranged at two ends of the stirring shafts (52) close to the inner wall of the storage sub-cylinders (50), triangular wedges (54) which are distributed up and down are arranged at two ends of the inner wall of the storage sub-cylinders (50), a discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the storage sub-cylinders (50), screening plates (55) are arranged on the discharging opening, a fixed ring (56) which is communicated with the discharging opening is arranged at the lower end of the discharging opening, a dispersing cover (57) is arranged at the bottom of the fixed ring (56), a horn shape is formed in the inner wall of the dispersing cover (57), a spraying channel (58) which is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the stirring shafts (52) is arranged at two ends of the inner wall of the storage sub-cylinders (50), a part of the dispersing cover (58) close to the dispersing channel (57) is arranged at one side of the dispersing channel (501), and a part (59) close to the discharging opening is arranged at one side of the dispersing channel (59) which is close to the discharging opening;
the storage divides section of thick bamboo (50) all to offer along the both ends of its axial arrangement and runs through groove (502), run through groove (502) internal connection has upper and lower gliding baffle (503), both ends of (52) stirring all rotate and run through baffle (503), one of them end sliding connection fixed cover (504) of storage divides section of thick bamboo (50), the other end sliding connection of storage divides section of thick bamboo (50) has a reverse L type box (505), fixed cover (504) and the vertical section swing joint of dispersion cover (57), with storage box (4) bottom fixed connection, install the rotatory drive group of drive dispersion cover (57) in fixed cover (504), the upper end and the storage box (4) fixed connection of reverse L type box (505), the lower extreme rotation cover of reverse L type box (505) is established on rotation axis (1).
2. The mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilizer apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the telescopic group (51) comprises a communicating tube (510) connected to the bottom of the storage box (4) and communicated with the storage box (4), a spring groove (511) is formed in the inner wall of the communicating tube (510), an inserting tube (512) sliding up and down is inserted into the lower end of the communicating tube (510), the upper end face of the inserting tube (512) is inclined, an ear plate (513) in sliding fit with the spring groove (511) is connected to the side wall of the inserting tube (512), a reset spring (514) is installed between the ear plate (513) and the spring groove (511), and the bottom of the inserting tube (512) is communicated with the top of the storage sub-tube (50).
3. The mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilizer apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the rotary driving group comprises a stirring shaft (570), a conversion shaft (571) and a rotating ring (572) which are rotatably connected in a fixed cover (504), wherein the stirring shaft (570), the conversion shaft (571) and the rotating ring (572) are fixedly sleeved with rotating gears (573), the three rotating gears (573) are in meshed transmission, the stirring shaft (570), the conversion shaft (571) and the rotating ring (572) are in triangular arrangement, the rotating ring (572) is sleeved on a vertical section of the dispersing cover (57) and is connected with the vertical section of the dispersing cover (57) in a spline fit mode, the top of the stirring shaft (570) and the stirring shaft (52) are fixedly sleeved with bevel gears (574), and the two bevel gears (574) are in meshed transmission.
4. The mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilizer apparatus of claim 1, wherein: leveling mixing mechanism (3) are including axis of rotation (30), and the lateral wall of axis of rotation (30) is through support mounting has evenly to arrange along its circumference mix even plate of dialling (31), and mix evenly and dial plate (31) and be V type form, and stir evenly wherein one end of plate (31) and install rake teeth (32) evenly arranging along axis of rotation (30), and the cover is equipped with protection casing (33) all jointly to rotate with the both ends of axis of rotation (1) axis of rotation (30).
5. The mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilizer apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the closed group (59) comprises a fixed strip (590) arranged at the lower end of the storage sub-cylinder (50), scraping rods (591) with vertical sections inclined and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the dispersing cover (57) are arranged at the lower end of the dispersing cover (57), fixed blocks (592) are jointly arranged at the vertical sections of the plurality of scraping rods (591), and the fixed blocks (592) are connected with the fixed strip (590) through connecting rods (593).
6. The mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilizer apparatus of claim 1, wherein: stirring rods (520) which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the side wall of the stirring shaft (52), and the stirring rods (520) are distributed in a staggered manner in the axial direction of the stirring shaft (52).
7. A mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilization method, which is completed by adopting the mining area soil plant microorganism improvement fertilization device as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting and feeding: the storage boxes (4) are arranged on a walking tractor or other automatic machines through connecting frames on two sides of the storage boxes (4), fertilizers containing beneficial bacteria are poured into the storage boxes (4), the fertilizers enter the storage and distribution cylinder (50) through the telescopic groups (51), part of the fertilizers enter the spraying channels (58) through the screening plates (55), and the closing groups (59) block the fertilizers in the fertilizer spraying channels (58) so that the fertilizers stay in the spraying channels (58);
s2, soil turning and blanking: the rotary shaft (1) rotates to drive the rotary blade (2) to rotate so as to turn over soil, meanwhile, the rotary shaft (1) drives the stirring shaft (52) to rotate through the first chain wheel chain, the transition shaft (506) and the second chain wheel chain in the rotating process, and in the rotating process of the stirring shaft (52), the stirring rod (53) and the triangular wedge block (54) are matched to drive the storage sub-cylinder (50) and the dispersing cover (57) to vibrate up and down, and the lower end of the fertilizer spraying channel (58) is sprayed out through the vibration of the storage sub-cylinder (50) and the dispersing cover (57);
s3, rotary spraying: the stirring shaft (52) drives the dispersing cover (57) to rotate through the rotary driving group in the rotating process, fertilizer in the dispersing cover (57) is sprayed out through the leak holes (501) and the lower end of the spraying channel (58) in the rotating process, and the fertilizer is uniformly sprayed out in an umbrella shape under the action of the rotary force of the dispersing cover (57);
s4, stirring and mixing: the rotary shaft (1) rotates to drive the leveling mixing mechanism (3) to turn and level soil after soil turning, and simultaneously, the soil and the fertilizer are mixed again.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117813953A (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-04-05 | 山东建筑大学 | Microbial agent injection apparatus for mining area repair |
| CN117813953B (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-05-31 | 山东建筑大学 | Microbial agent injection apparatus for mining area repair |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117813953A (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-04-05 | 山东建筑大学 | Microbial agent injection apparatus for mining area repair |
| CN117813953B (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-05-31 | 山东建筑大学 | Microbial agent injection apparatus for mining area repair |
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