CN108093795B - Automatic supply forest orchard fertilizer deep fertilization all-in-one of fertile and soil manure mixture - Google Patents
Automatic supply forest orchard fertilizer deep fertilization all-in-one of fertile and soil manure mixture Download PDFInfo
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- CN108093795B CN108093795B CN201810021033.2A CN201810021033A CN108093795B CN 108093795 B CN108093795 B CN 108093795B CN 201810021033 A CN201810021033 A CN 201810021033A CN 108093795 B CN108093795 B CN 108093795B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/18—Fertiliser distributors with endless chains, i.e. side transporting elements, e.g. auger or screw conveyors, swash plates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
- A01B49/025—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven about a substantially vertical axis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an automatic fertilizer supply and soil fertilizer mixing integrated machine for deeply applying organic fertilizer in a forest orchard. A fertilizer supply auger of the fertilizer supply device at the fertilizer supply opening is partially replaced by a spirally-mounted crushing blade, so that the hardened organic fertilizer is crushed; the organic fertilizer flows in the fertilizer box and is discharged into the fertilizer applying device; the fertilizing device moves the sliding block through the working part and moves left and right on the rack, so that the operation efficiency is improved; a fertilizing auger is arranged in a fertilizing and soil mixing roller of the fertilizing device and is provided with a fertilizer discharging hole, a deep scarification shovel loosens soil, the fertilizing and soil mixing roller rotates, a soil discharging cover around the fertilizer discharging hole discharges the soil, organic fertilizer is discharged, and meanwhile, a rotary tillage cutter group at the bottom mixes soil and fertilizer; the control system controls the rotating speed of the fertilizing and soil mixing roller according to the fertilizing amount per unit area and the advancing speed of the unit, controls the fertilizer discharging amount, realizes regional quantitative fertilization, and improves the utilization rate of organic fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an organic fertilizer deep application all-in-one machine for a forest orchard, which can automatically supply fertilizer and mix soil fertilizer.
Background
With the rapid development of the forest and fruit industry, the demand of forest orchard production mechanization is increasingly highlighted, but the current forest orchard production mechanization, especially the forest orchard fertilization mechanization level is low. The application of base fertilizer in autumn is a key operation link, and the agronomic requirement is that a ditch with the depth of 40cm and the width of 30cm is opened at a distance of about 50cm from a plant, the organic fertilizer is applied into the ditch, and soil is covered and stirred uniformly. The traditional fertilizing mode is manual ditching, fertilizing and earthing, and the labor intensity is high. The existing forest orchard fertilizing machine adopts a multi-mode artificial fertilizing mode, has the advantages of high power consumption, low working efficiency, small volume of a fertilizer box, no soil and fertilizer stirring function, incapability of adjusting the fertilizing amount and low fertilizer utilization rate. With the continuous improvement of labor cost and shortage of labor force, the demand on high-performance fertilization machinery for forest orchards is stronger and stronger.
Aiming at the problems, the invention designs the forest orchard organic fertilizer deep application all-in-one machine capable of automatically supplying fertilizer and mixing soil fertilizer, which can realize the integration of soil deep scarification, organic fertilizer deep application and fertile soil stirring, the fertilization depth and the fertilization amount reach the agricultural requirements, the left and right offset of the fertilization device is adjustable, and the working efficiency is improved; the crushing fertilizer supply device is arranged, so that the defect that the volume of the fertilizer box is small can be overcome, the organic fertilizer is crushed, the trafficability characteristic is improved, and the uniform fertilization is ensured; the fertilization control system can realize regional quantitative fertilization according to the fertilization amount requirement and the unit advancing speed, and the organic fertilizer utilization rate is improved.
The invention is not reported at home and abroad by searching domestic and foreign patent documents, periodicals and other publicly published documents (such as the Internet), and the invention is not publicly published articles related to the invention at home and abroad and is unknown at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an organic fertilizer deep-application all-in-one machine for a forest orchard, which can automatically supply fertilizer and mix soil fertilizer. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to provide a fertilizing device, so that the organic fertilizer is applied to the underground by 40cm and is fully mixed with the soil; how to provide an organic fertilizer conveyor, can make the interior fertilizer of fertilizer case constantly transport to the fertilizer discharging opening, the organic fertilizer accumulation hardening phenomenon does not appear; how to provide an organic fertilizer supply device which can crush hardened organic fertilizer after fermentation and convey the organic fertilizer into a fertilizer box; how to provide a position adjusting mechanism of a fertilizing device, which enables the left and right offset of the fertilizing device to be adjustable and improves the operation efficiency; how to provide a fertilization control system, make the fertilization volume even, realize regional ration fertilization.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an automatic fertilizer and soil fertilizer mixed forest orchard organic fertilizer deep application all-in-one machine comprises a rack 1, a hydraulic cylinder 2, a hydraulic station 3, a control box 4, a fertilizer supply device 5, a fertilizer box 6, a depth wheel 7 and a fertilizer application device 8;
the frame 1 includes: the device comprises a front guide rail rectangular tube 9, a lower three-point suspension 10, a hydraulic cylinder rack fixing piece 11, a hydraulic station fixing platform 12, an upper three-point suspension pull rod 13, a fertilizer box fixing square tube 14, a rack body 15, a fertilizer supply device fixing piece 16, a fertilizer supply device lower side fixing square tube 17 and a rear guide rail rectangular tube 18;
the front guide rail rectangular tube 9 is positioned at the lower end of the front part of the rack 1, and the number of the lower three-point suspensions 10 is 2, and the lower three-point suspensions are respectively welded in front of the left end and the right end close to the front guide rail rectangular tube 9; the hydraulic cylinder frame fixing piece 11 is connected with the upper end of the front guide rail rectangular pipe 9 in a welding mode; the hydraulic station fixing platform 12 is welded and connected with the upper right end of the front guide rail rectangular pipe 9; the number of the fertilizer box fixing square tubes 14 is 2, two ends of the front fertilizer box fixing square tube 14 are respectively welded with the upper end of the front part of the rack body 15, and two ends of the rear fertilizer box fixing square tube 14 are respectively welded with the upper end of the rear part of the rack body 15; the lower end of the rear part of the rack body 15 is connected with the middle and two ends of the rear guide rail rectangular tube 18 through bolts; the fertilizer supply device fixing part 16 is welded at the rear part of the frame body 15; 2 fixed square tubes 17 at the lower side of the fertilizer supply device are welded at the oblique rear part of the frame body 15 side by side; the lower end of the upper three-point suspension pull rod 13 is fixedly connected with the front guide rail rectangular pipe 9 and the front fertilizer box fixing square pipe 14 through bolts respectively;
the hydraulic station 3 is fixed on the hydraulic station fixing platform 12 through bolts, and the control box 4 is fixed on the hydraulic station 3 through bolts; the depth wheel 7 is fixed below the middle parts of the left end and the right end of the frame 1 through U-shaped bolts; the lower end of the fertilizer supply device 5 is fixedly connected with a fixed square tube 17 at the lower side of the fertilizer supply device through a bolt and is fixedly connected with a fixed part 16 of the fertilizer supply device through a U-shaped bolt; the fertilizer box 6 is positioned above the frame 1 and is fixedly connected with a fertilizer box fixing square pipe 14 through a bolt; the fertilizing device 8 is positioned below the frame 1;
the fertilizer supply device 5 includes: a fertilizer supply shell 31, a fertilizer supply auger 32, a crushing blade 33, a fertilizer supply device connecting plate 34, a fertilizer supply hydraulic motor 35 and a fertilizer supply synchronous belt transmission 36;
the fertilizer supply shell 31 and the fertilizer supply hydraulic motor 35 are both fixed on the fertilizer supply device connecting plate 34 by bolts; the fertilizer supply auger 32 is mounted on the inner wall of the fertilizer supply shell 31 through a bearing, and the fertilizer supply auger 32 is driven to rotate by a fertilizer supply hydraulic motor 35 through a fertilizer supply synchronous belt transmission 36; the crushing blade 33 is arranged at one end of the fertilizer supply auger 32 close to the fertilizer supply hydraulic motor 35 in a spiral arrangement mode, and the spiral direction is consistent with the spiral direction of the fertilizer supply auger 32;
the fertilizing apparatus 8 includes: the device comprises a photoelectric encoder 37, a pressing device 38, a working part moving slide block 39, a hydraulic cylinder fertilizing device fixing part 40, a fertilizing and soil mixing device 41, a working part bracket 42, a 20cm wing-shaped subsoiler 44 and a 40cm wing-shaped subsoiler 45;
the number of the working part moving sliding blocks 39 is 2, the working part moving sliding blocks are respectively positioned in front of and behind the fertilizing device 8, one end of each working part moving sliding block 39 is welded and connected with the upper portions of the front end and the rear end of the working part support 42, the other end of each working part moving sliding block 39 is in a U-shaped groove shape, and the U-shaped grooves of the front working part moving sliding block 39 and the rear working part moving sliding block 39 are respectively clamped on the front guide rail rectangular tube 9 and the rear guide rail rectangular tube 18 and respectively slide on the front guide rail rectangular tube 9 and the rear guide rail rectangular tube 18; the upper end of the 20cm wing-shaped subsoiler 44 and the upper end of the 40cm wing-shaped subsoiler 45 are respectively fixed below the front part of the working component bracket 42 through bolts; the fertilizing and soil mixing device 41 is fixedly connected with the working part bracket 42 through a U-shaped bolt;
the hydraulic cylinder fertilizing device fixing part 40 is welded on the working component bracket 42; one end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is arranged on a hydraulic cylinder rack fixing part 11 on the rack 1 by a pin shaft, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is arranged on a hydraulic cylinder fertilizing device fixing part 40 on the fertilizing device 8 by a pin shaft; when the hydraulic cylinder 2 is stretched, the fertilizing device 8 slides on the front guide rail rectangular pipe 9 and the rear guide rail rectangular pipe 18 through the working part moving slide block 39 to move;
the compactor 38 is located below the rear of the working element support 42 for compacting the soil; the photoelectric encoder 37 is fixed to one end of the pressing device 38.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the fertilizer box 6 comprises: a fertilizer box bottom shell 19, a fertilizer box upper shell 21, an organic fertilizer distributing plate 22, a fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 23, a conveying belt driving roller 24, a conveying belt middle roller 25, a scraper conveying belt 26 and a conveying belt tensioning roller 30;
the fertilizer box bottom shell 19 is positioned below the fertilizer box upper shell 21, a plurality of organic fertilizer distributing plates 22 are arranged inside the fertilizer box upper shell 21, and a scraper conveyer belt 26 is arranged inside the fertilizer box bottom shell 19; the two ends of the scraper conveyer belt 26 are respectively sleeved outside the conveyer belt driving roller 24 and the conveyer belt tensioning roller 30, and the middle of the scraper conveyer belt 26 is sleeved on the periphery of the upper end and the lower end of a plurality of conveyer belt middle rollers 25;
the fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 23 is fixedly connected with the bottom shell 19 of the fertilizer box through a bolt, the fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 23 is connected with the conveying belt driving roller 24, and the conveying belt driving roller 24 drives the scraper conveying belt 26 to rotate; the left side and the right side of the shell 19 at the bottom of the fertilizer box are respectively provided with a fertilizer box fertilizer outlet 27.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the fertilizer box 6 further comprises a conveyor belt tensioning bolt nut 20, and the scraper conveyor belt 26 is in a tensioning state by adjusting the conveyor belt tensioning bolt nut 20.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the fertilizer box 6 further comprises a fertilizer opening baffle 28 and a fertilizer opening spring 29, wherein the fertilizer opening spring 29 and the fertilizer opening baffle 28 are respectively arranged at the fertilizer discharging openings 27 of the left and right fertilizer boxes; the fertilizer opening spring 29 automatically resets the fertilizer opening baffle 28 when the fertilizer opening baffle 28 is not stressed, and closes the fertilizer discharging opening 27 of the fertilizer box.
On the basis of the technical scheme, a plurality of bull-eye bearings 43 are mounted in three surfaces of the U-shaped groove of the working part moving slide block 39.
On the basis of the above technical solution, the fertilizing and soil mixing device 41 includes: a mounting plate 46, a fertilization synchronous belt drive 47, a fertilization hydraulic motor 48, an organic fertilizer hopper 49, a fertilization auger 50, a fertilizer conveying roller 51, a fertilization soil mixing roller 52 and a rotary blade 53;
the organic fertilizer hopper 49 is positioned at the upper part of the fertilizing and soil mixing device 41 and below the fertilizer discharging port 27 of the fertilizer box, and is fixedly connected with the mounting plate 46 through bolts; the fertilizer conveying roller 51 is hollow, is positioned below the organic fertilizer hopper 49 and is communicated with the organic fertilizer hopper 49, and the lower end of the fertilizer conveying roller 51 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the hollow fertilizing and soil mixing roller 52 through a bolt and is communicated with the fertilizing and soil mixing roller 52; the periphery of the lower part of the fertilizing and soil mixing roller 52 is spirally provided with three layers of rotary tillage cutters 53, each layer is provided with four rotary tillage cutters, and the left rotary tillage cutter and the right rotary tillage cutter are alternately arranged; two fertilizer discharging holes 55 are respectively arranged on the fertilizing and soil mixing roller 52 between each layer of rotary tillage cutters 53, and the opening direction is 180 degrees; the fertilizing screw 50 is spiral and is positioned inside the organic fertilizer hopper 49, the fertilizer conveying roller 51 and the fertilizing and soil mixing roller 52, the upper end of the fertilizing screw is fixed on the organic fertilizer hopper 49, and the lower end of the fertilizing screw is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizing and soil mixing roller 52 through a bearing; the fertilization hydraulic motor 48 is fixed above the mounting plate 46 through bolts, and drives the fertilizer conveying roller 51 and the fertilization soil mixing roller 52 to rotate through fertilization synchronous belt transmission 47.
On the basis of the technical scheme, a soil discharging cover shell 54 is arranged on the outer side of the fertilizer discharging hole 55, and the soil discharging cover shell 54 is welded with the periphery of the fertilizing and soil mixing roller 52.
On the basis of the technical scheme, a control system is arranged in the control box 4 and used for adjusting the rotating speed of the fertilization hydraulic motor 48 through the hydraulic station 3 according to the advancing speed and the input unit area fertilization amount of the automatic fertilizer supply and soil fertilizer mixing forest orchard organic fertilizer deep fertilization all-in-one machine measured by the photoelectric encoder 37, so that the fertilization amount is adjusted, the uniform fertilization is ensured, and the quantitative fertilization of the region is realized.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the hydraulic station 3 is used for receiving a control instruction sent by the control system, is connected through a pipeline, provides power for the hydraulic cylinder 2, the fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 23, the fertilizer supply hydraulic motor 35 and the fertilizer application hydraulic motor 48, and controls the integral linkage.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the fertilizing and soil mixing device 41 can realize the mixing of the organic fertilizer and the soil while deeply applying the organic fertilizer, the fertilizing auger 50 is arranged in the fertilizing and soil mixing roller 52, and the soil discharging housing 54 is welded on the outer side of the fertilizer discharging hole 55, so that the discharging of the organic fertilizer is facilitated.
2. Aiming at the characteristics of organic fertilizer, the invention designs the scraper-type fertilizer conveying mechanism in the fertilizer box 6, which can avoid the organic fertilizer from being adhered to the fertilizer outlet 27 of the fertilizer box due to accumulation.
3. Aiming at the hardening phenomenon of the fermented organic fertilizer, the invention designs the fertilizer supply device 5, and the crushing blade 33 is spirally arranged at the lower part of the fertilizer supply auger 32, so that the organic fertilizer can be crushed and conveyed upwards.
4. The position adjusting mechanism (comprising the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the working part moving slide block 39) of the fertilizer applying device designed by the invention can move the fertilizer applying device to the other side after one-line operation is finished and continue the next-line operation, and the fertilizer applying device 8 is not required to be arranged at one side to perform winding operation, so that the operation efficiency is improved.
5. According to the invention, the hydraulic motor is adopted to drive the fertilizing and soil mixing device 41, so that the control of different fertilizing amounts can be realized by adjusting the rotating speed of the fertilizing hydraulic motor 48, the regional quantitative fertilization can be realized, and the utilization rate of organic fertilizers can be improved.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an organic fertilizer deep-application integrated machine for a forest orchard with automatic fertilizer supply and soil fertilizer mixing;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the frame;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the fertilizer box;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the fertilizer box;
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of a fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partially broken-away structure of a fertilizer supply apparatus;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the fertilizing apparatus;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the fertilizing and soil-mixing device;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the fertilizing and mixing apparatus;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the installation of the fertigation auger;
FIG. 11 is a partial schematic view of a fertilizer outlet.
Reference numerals: 1, a frame; 2, a hydraulic cylinder; 3-a hydraulic station; 4-a control box; 5, a fertilizer supply device; 6, fertilizer box; 7-depth wheel; 8, a fertilizing device; 9-front guide rail rectangular pipe; 10-hanging at the lower three points; 11-hydraulic cylinder frame fixing parts; 12-hydraulic station fixed platform; 13-hanging a pull rod at three points; 14-fixing the square tube in a fertilizer box; 15-a rack body; 16-fertilizer supply device fixing parts; 17-fixing a square tube at the lower side of the fertilizer supply device; 18-a rear guide rail rectangular tube; 19-a fertilizer box bottom shell; 20, tensioning bolts and nuts of the conveying belt; 21-upper shell of fertilizer box; 22-organic fertilizer distributing plate; 23-a fertilizer delivery hydraulic motor; 24-conveyor belt drive rollers; 25-middle roller of conveyer belt; 26-scraper conveyor belt; 27-fertilizer discharging opening of a fertilizer box; 28-fertilizer opening baffle; 29-fat mouth spring; 30-conveyor belt tensioning roller; 31-fertilizer supply housing; 32-a fertilizer supply auger; 33-crushing blade; 34-a fertilizer supply device connecting plate; 35-a fertilizer supply hydraulic motor; 36-fertilizer supply synchronous belt transmission; 37-photoelectric encoder; 38-a press; 39-working part moving slide; 40-hydraulic cylinder fertilizing device fixing parts; 41-fertilizing and soil mixing device; 42 — a working part carrier; 43-bullseye bearings; a 44-20 cm wing-type subsoiler; a wing type subsoiler of 45-40 cm; 46-a mounting plate; 47-fertilization synchronous belt transmission; 48-fertilization hydraulic motor; 49-organic fertilizer hoppers; 50-fertilizing auger; 51, a fertilizer conveying roller; 52-fertilizing and soil-mixing roller; 53-rotary blade; 54-a dumping housing; and 55, fertilizer discharging.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention is based on the following concept: (1) The automatic-fertilizer-supply and soil-fertilizer-mixing deep-fertilizing all-in-one machine for the orchard organic fertilizer is hung behind a tractor by a three-point suspension device, the tractor PTO outputs power to drive a hydraulic station 3 to work, and the hydraulic station 3 supplies power to a hydraulic motor (comprising a fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 23, a fertilizer supply hydraulic motor 35 and a fertilizer application hydraulic motor 48) and a hydraulic cylinder 2. The fertilizer supply hydraulic motor 35 drives the fertilizer supply auger 32 to rotate, and organic fertilizer is conveyed into the fertilizer box 6; the fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 23 drives the scraper conveyer belt 26 to rotate, so that the organic fertilizer is discharged from the fertilizer box 6; the fertilization hydraulic motor 48 drives the fertilization soil mixing device 41 to rotate, and the soil and fertilizer are mixed while the organic fertilizer is discharged from the lower end of the hollow fertilization soil mixing device 41; (2) The lower end of the fertilizer supply device 5 is provided with a crushing blade 33 in a spiral mode, so that hardened organic fertilizer can be crushed; (3) The hollow fertilizing and soil mixing device 41 is provided with a spiral fertilizing auger 50, so that the organic fertilizer can be smoothly conveyed downwards and discharged; (4) A soil discharging housing 54 is arranged outside a fertilizer discharging opening (a fertilizer discharging hole 55) of the fertilizing and soil mixing device 41, so that the organic fertilizer can be discharged smoothly; (5) Through measuring suppression device 38's rotational speed, reach the advancing speed of the automatic forest orchard fertilizer deep fertilization all-in-one that supplies fertile and soil fertilizer to mix, control system can adjust the rotational speed that fertilizes muddy native device 41 in view of the above, and the different fertilizer volume of discharging realizes regional ration fertilization. (6) Through the flexible of pneumatic cylinder 2, the position of working part (fertilizer injection unit 8) can be adjusted, improves work efficiency.
As shown in fig. 1, the orchard organic fertilizer deep application all-in-one machine capable of automatically supplying fertilizer and mixing soil fertilizer comprises a frame 1, a hydraulic cylinder 2, a hydraulic station 3, a control box 4, a fertilizer supply device 5, a fertilizer box 6, a depth wheel 7 and a fertilizer application device 8;
as shown in fig. 2, the rack 1 includes: the device comprises a front guide rail rectangular tube 9, a lower three-point suspension 10, a hydraulic cylinder rack fixing piece 11, a hydraulic station fixing platform 12, an upper three-point suspension pull rod 13, a fertilizer box fixing square tube 14, a rack body 15, a fertilizer supply device fixing piece 16, a fertilizer supply device lower side fixing square tube 17 and a rear guide rail rectangular tube 18;
the front guide rail rectangular tube 9, the lower three-point suspension 10, the hydraulic cylinder rack fixing piece 11, the hydraulic station fixing platform 12, the fertilizer box fixing square tube 14, the rack body 15, the fertilizer supply device fixing piece 16 and the fertilizer supply device lower side fixing square tube 17 are welded together, and the upper three-point suspension pull rod 13 is fixedly connected with the front guide rail rectangular tube 9 through a bolt;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the hydraulic station 3 and the control box 4 are fixed on a hydraulic station fixing platform 12 by bolts; the depth wheel 7 is fixed on the frame 1 by a U-shaped bolt; the fertilizer box 6 is fixed on the fertilizer box fixing square pipe 14 by bolts;
as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the fertilizer box 6 includes: a fertilizer box bottom shell 19, a conveying belt tensioning bolt nut 20, a fertilizer box upper shell 21, an organic fertilizer distributing plate 22, a fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 23, a conveying belt driving roller 24, a conveying belt middle roller 25, a scraper conveying belt 26, a fertilizer opening baffle 28, a fertilizer opening spring 29 and a conveying belt tensioning roller 30;
the scraper conveyor belt 26 is tensioned by adjusting the conveyor belt tensioning bolt nut 20; the fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 23 is directly connected with the conveying belt driving roller 24 and drives the conveying belt driving roller 24 to rotate;
the left side and the right side of the shell 19 at the bottom of the fertilizer box are respectively provided with a fertilizer box fertilizer outlet 27; the fertilizer port spring 29 and the fertilizer port baffle 28 are respectively arranged on the left and the right; when the fertilizer opening baffle 28 is not stressed (namely no organic fertilizer is discharged from the fertilizer box fertilizer outlet 27), the fertilizer opening spring 29 automatically resets the fertilizer opening baffle 28 and closes the fertilizer box fertilizer outlet 27;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fertilizer supply device 5 is fixed on a fixed square pipe 17 at the lower side of the fertilizer supply device by bolts and is fixed on a fixed part 16 of the fertilizer supply device by U-shaped bolts;
as shown in fig. 6, the fertilizer supply device 5 includes: a fertilizer supply shell 31, a fertilizer supply auger 32, a crushing blade 33, a fertilizer supply device connecting plate 34, a fertilizer supply hydraulic motor 35 and a fertilizer supply synchronous belt transmission 36;
the fertilizer supply shell 31 and the fertilizer supply hydraulic motor 35 are both fixed on the fertilizer supply device connecting plate 34 by bolts; the fertilizer supply auger 32 is mounted on the inner walls of the two ends of the fertilizer supply shell 31 through bearings, and the fertilizer supply auger 32 is driven to rotate by a fertilizer supply hydraulic motor 35 through a fertilizer supply synchronous belt transmission 36 so as to convey organic fertilizer into the fertilizer box 6; the crushing blade 33 is arranged at one end of the fertilizer supply auger 32 close to the fertilizer supply hydraulic motor 35 in a spiral arrangement mode, so that the effect of crushing hardened organic fertilizer and conveying the organic fertilizer upwards is achieved;
the fertilizing apparatus 8 as shown in fig. 7 comprises: the device comprises a photoelectric encoder 37, a pressing device 38, a working part moving slide block 39, a hydraulic cylinder fertilizing device fixing part 40, a fertilizing and soil mixing device 41, a working part bracket 42, a 20cm wing-shaped subsoiler 44 and a 40cm wing-shaped subsoiler 45;
the working part moving sliding blocks 39 are welded at two ends of the working part bracket 42, and the three surfaces of the U-shaped groove are provided with the bull-eye bearings 43; the hydraulic cylinder fertilizing device fixing part 40 is welded on the working component bracket 42; the upper end of the 20cm wing-shaped subsoiler 44 and the upper end of the 40cm wing-shaped subsoiler 45 are fixed below the front part of the working component bracket 42 through bolts respectively; the fertilizing and soil mixing device 41 is arranged on the working component bracket 42 by a U-shaped bolt;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the front and rear working component moving sliders 39 of the fertilizing device 8 are respectively mounted on the front guide rail rectangular tube 9 and the rear guide rail rectangular tube 18 on the frame 1; one end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is arranged on a hydraulic cylinder rack fixing part 11 on the rack 1 by a pin shaft, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is arranged on a hydraulic cylinder fertilizing device fixing part 40 on the fertilizing device 8 by a pin shaft; when the hydraulic cylinder 2 extends and contracts, the fertilizing device 8 moves by sliding the working part moving slide block 39 on the front guide rail rectangular tube 9 and the rear guide rail rectangular tube 18, and the working part moving slide block 39 is provided with the eyelet bearing 43, so that the fertilizing device 8 can move conveniently;
as shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the fertilizing and soil-mixing device 41 includes: a mounting plate 46, a fertilization synchronous belt drive 47, a fertilization hydraulic motor 48, an organic fertilizer hopper 49, a fertilization auger 50, a fertilizer conveying roller 51, a fertilization soil mixing roller 52, a rotary blade 53 and a soil discharge cover 54;
the periphery of the lower part of the fertilizing and soil mixing roller 52 is spirally provided with three layers of rotary tillage cutters 53, each layer is provided with four rotary tillage cutters, and the left rotary tillage cutter and the right rotary tillage cutter are alternately arranged so as to achieve the function of mixing soil and fertilizer; two fertilizer discharging holes 55 are respectively arranged between layers of the rotary tillage blades 53 on the fertilizing and soil mixing roller 52, and a soil discharging cover 54 is welded on the outer side; the soil discharging housing 54 discharges soil and organic fertilizer, and the upper end of the fertilizing and soil mixing roller 52 is fixed with the lower end of the fertilizer conveying roller 51 by bolts; a square beam is arranged above the inside of the organic fertilizer hopper 49, one end of the fertilizing auger 50 is fixed on the square beam of the organic fertilizer hopper 49, and the other end of the fertilizing auger is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizing soil mixing roller 52 through a bearing; the organic fertilizer hopper 49 is fixed on the mounting plate 46 by bolts; the fertilization hydraulic motor 48 drives the fertilizer conveying roller 51 and the fertilization soil mixing roller 52 to rotate through a fertilization synchronous belt transmission 47.
The general working process of the invention is as follows: selecting a proper tractor, hanging the orchard organic fertilizer deep-application all-in-one machine capable of automatically supplying fertilizer and mixing soil fertilizer behind the tractor, driving the tractor to the ground, adding the organic fertilizer into the fertilizer supply device 5, starting the fertilizer supply device 5, conveying the organic fertilizer into the fertilizer box 6, enabling the organic fertilizer to flow in the fertilizer box 6 and to be discharged into the fertilizer device 8, determining the fertilizer application amount per unit area according to the soil fertility and inputting the fertilizer into a control system, driving machines (the orchard organic fertilizer deep-application all-in-one machine capable of automatically supplying fertilizer and mixing soil fertilizer) to operate by the tractor, carrying out deep loosening by a 20cm wing-shaped deep loosening shovel 44 and a 40cm wing-shaped deep loosening shovel 45, driving a scraper conveyer belt 26 by a fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 23, and discharging the organic fertilizer from the fertilizer box 6 into an organic fertilizer hopper 49, the control system controls the rotating speed of the fertilization hydraulic motor 48 according to the input unit area fertilization amount and the advancing speed of the unit (the integrated machine for deeply applying the organic fertilizer in the forest orchard with the automatic fertilizer supply and soil fertilizer mixing) measured by the photoelectric encoder 37, the organic fertilizer moves downwards under the action of the friction force of the inner walls of the fertilization auger 50, the fertilizer conveying roller 51 and the fertilization soil mixing roller 52 and is finally discharged from the fertilizer discharge hole 55, the rotary blade 53 arranged at the lower end of the fertilization soil mixing roller 52 uniformly mixes the organic fertilizer and the soil, the pressing device 38 compacts the soil, after one-line operation is finished, the tractor turns around to enter the next line, and under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 2, the fertilization device 8 moves to the other side to continue fertilization operation.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also fall into the scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an automatic supply fertile forest orchard fertilizer deep fertilization all-in-one that mixes with native fertilizer which characterized in that: comprises a frame (1), a hydraulic cylinder (2), a hydraulic station (3), a control box (4), a fertilizer supply device (5), a fertilizer box (6), a depth wheel (7) and a fertilizer application device (8);
the frame (1) comprises: the fertilizer box comprises a front guide rail rectangular pipe (9), a lower three-point suspension (10), a hydraulic cylinder rack fixing piece (11), a hydraulic station fixing platform (12), an upper three-point suspension pull rod (13), a fertilizer box fixing square pipe (14), a rack frame body (15), a fertilizer supply device fixing piece (16), a fertilizer supply device lower side fixing square pipe (17) and a rear guide rail rectangular pipe (18);
the front guide rail rectangular tube (9) is positioned at the lower end of the front part of the rack (1), and the number of the lower three-point suspensions (10) is 2, and the lower three-point suspensions are respectively welded in front of the left end and the right end close to the front guide rail rectangular tube (9); the hydraulic cylinder rack fixing piece (11) is connected with the upper end of the front guide rail rectangular pipe (9) in a welding mode; the hydraulic station fixing platform (12) is connected with the upper right end of the front guide rail rectangular pipe (9) in a welding mode; the number of the fertilizer box fixing square tubes (14) is 2, the two ends of the front fertilizer box fixing square tube (14) are respectively welded with the upper end of the front part of the rack body (15), and the two ends of the rear fertilizer box fixing square tube (14) are respectively welded with the upper end of the rear part of the rack body (15); the lower end of the rear part of the rack body (15) is connected with the middle and two ends of the rear guide rail rectangular pipe (18) through bolts; the fertilizer supply device fixing piece (16) is welded at the rear part of the rack body (15); 2 fixed square tubes (17) are arranged on the lower side of the fertilizer supply device and welded to the oblique rear part of the frame body (15) side by side; the lower end of the upper three-point suspension pull rod (13) is fixedly connected with the front guide rail rectangular pipe (9) and the front fertilizer box fixing square pipe (14) through bolts respectively;
the hydraulic station (3) is fixed on the hydraulic station fixing platform (12) through bolts, and the control box (4) is fixed on the hydraulic station (3) through bolts; the depth wheel (7) is fixed below the middle parts of the left end and the right end of the rack (1) through U-shaped bolts; the lower end of the fertilizer supply device (5) is fixedly connected with a fixed square tube (17) at the lower side of the fertilizer supply device through a bolt and is fixedly connected with a fixed part (16) of the fertilizer supply device through a U-shaped bolt; the fertilizer box (6) is positioned above the rack (1) and is fixedly connected with a fertilizer box fixing square pipe (14) through a bolt; the fertilizing device (8) is positioned below the rack (1);
the fertilizer supply device (5) comprises: a fertilizer supply shell (31), a fertilizer supply auger (32), a crushing blade (33), a fertilizer supply device connecting plate (34), a fertilizer supply hydraulic motor (35) and a fertilizer supply synchronous belt transmission (36);
the fertilizer supply shell (31) and the fertilizer supply hydraulic motor (35) are fixed on a fertilizer supply device connecting plate (34) through bolts; the fertilizer supply auger (32) is mounted on the inner wall of the fertilizer supply shell (31) through a bearing and is driven by a fertilizer supply hydraulic motor (35) through a fertilizer supply synchronous belt transmission (36) to rotate by the fertilizer supply auger (32); the crushing blade (33) is arranged at one end of the fertilizer supply auger (32) close to the fertilizer supply hydraulic motor (35) in a spiral arrangement mode, and the spiral direction is consistent with the spiral direction of the fertilizer supply auger (32);
the fertilizing device (8) comprises: the device comprises a photoelectric encoder (37), a pressing device (38), a working part moving slide block (39), a hydraulic cylinder fertilizing device fixing piece (40), a fertilizing and soil mixing device (41), a working part bracket (42), a 20cm wing-shaped subsoiler (44) and a 40cm wing-shaped subsoiler (45);
the number of the working part moving sliding blocks (39) is 2, the working part moving sliding blocks are respectively positioned in front of and behind the fertilizing device (8), one end of each working part moving sliding block (39) is welded and connected with the upper parts of the front end and the rear end of the working part support (42), the other end of each working part moving sliding block is in a U-shaped groove shape, and the U-shaped grooves of the front working part moving sliding block and the rear working part moving sliding block (39) are respectively clamped on the front guide rail rectangular pipe (9) and the rear guide rail rectangular pipe (18) and respectively slide on the front guide rail rectangular pipe (9) and the rear guide rail rectangular pipe (18); the upper end of the 20cm wing-shaped subsoiler (44) and the upper end of the 40cm wing-shaped subsoiler (45) are fixed below the front part of the working component support (42) through bolts respectively; the fertilizing and soil mixing device (41) is fixedly connected with the working component bracket (42) through a U-shaped bolt;
the hydraulic cylinder fertilizing device fixing piece (40) is welded on the working component bracket (42); one end of the hydraulic cylinder (2) is arranged on a hydraulic cylinder rack fixing piece (11) on the rack (1) by a pin shaft, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder (2) is arranged on a hydraulic cylinder fertilizing device fixing piece (40) on the fertilizing device (8) by a pin shaft; when the hydraulic cylinder (2) stretches, the fertilizing device (8) slides on the front guide rail rectangular pipe (9) and the rear guide rail rectangular pipe (18) through the working part moving slide block (39) to move;
the compacting device (38) is located below the rear part of the working part bracket (42) and is used for compacting soil; the photoelectric encoder (37) is fixed at one end of the pressing device (38).
2. The automatic fertilizer and soil fertilizer mixed forest orchard organic fertilizer deep application all-in-one machine of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fertilizer box (6) comprises: a fertilizer box bottom shell (19), a fertilizer box upper shell (21), a fertilizer distributing plate (22), a fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor (23), a conveying belt driving roller (24), a conveying belt middle roller (25), a scraper conveying belt (26) and a conveying belt tensioning roller (30);
the fertilizer box bottom shell (19) is positioned below the fertilizer box upper shell (21), a plurality of organic fertilizer distributing plates (22) are arranged inside the fertilizer box upper shell (21), and a scraper conveyer belt (26) is arranged inside the fertilizer box bottom shell (19); the two ends of the scraper conveyer belt (26) are respectively sleeved outside the conveyer belt driving roller (24) and the conveyer belt tensioning roller (30), and the middle of the scraper conveyer belt is sleeved on the periphery of the upper end and the lower end of a plurality of conveyer belt middle rollers (25);
the fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor (23) is fixedly connected with a shell (19) at the bottom of the fertilizer box through a bolt, the fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor (23) is connected with a conveying belt driving roller (24), and the conveying belt driving roller (24) drives a scraper conveying belt (26) to rotate; the left side and the right side of the shell (19) at the bottom of the fertilizer box are respectively provided with a fertilizer discharging port (27) of the fertilizer box.
3. The automatic fertilizer and soil fertilizer mixed forest orchard organic fertilizer deep application all-in-one machine of claim 2, wherein: the fertilizer box (6) further comprises a conveying belt tensioning bolt nut (20), and the scraper conveying belt (26) is in a tensioning state by adjusting the conveying belt tensioning bolt nut (20).
4. The automatic fertilizer and soil fertilizer mixed forest orchard organic fertilizer deep application all-in-one machine of claim 2, wherein: the fertilizer box (6) also comprises a fertilizer opening baffle (28) and a fertilizer opening spring (29), wherein the fertilizer opening spring (29) and the fertilizer opening baffle (28) are respectively arranged at the fertilizer discharging openings (27) of the left and right fertilizer boxes; the fertilizer opening spring (29) enables the fertilizer opening baffle (28) to automatically reset when the fertilizer opening baffle (28) is not stressed, and closes the fertilizer discharging opening (27) of the fertilizer box.
5. The automatic fertilizer and soil fertilizer mixed forest orchard organic fertilizer deep application all-in-one machine of claim 1, which is characterized in that: and a plurality of bull-eye bearings (43) are arranged in three surfaces of the U-shaped groove of the working part moving sliding block (39).
6. The automatic fertilizer and soil fertilizer mixed forest orchard organic fertilizer deep application all-in-one machine of claim 2, wherein: the fertilizing and soil mixing device (41) comprises: a mounting plate (46), a fertilization synchronous belt transmission (47), a fertilization hydraulic motor (48), an organic fertilizer hopper (49), a fertilization auger (50), a fertilizer conveying roller (51), a fertilization soil mixing roller (52) and a rotary blade (53);
the organic fertilizer hopper (49) is positioned at the upper part of the fertilizing and soil mixing device (41), is positioned below the fertilizer discharging opening (27) of the fertilizer box and is fixedly connected with the mounting plate (46) through bolts; the fertilizer conveying roller (51) is hollow, is positioned below the organic fertilizer hopper (49) and is communicated with the organic fertilizer hopper (49), and the lower end of the fertilizer conveying roller (51) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the hollow fertilizer and soil mixing roller (52) through a bolt and is communicated with the fertilizer and soil mixing roller (52); the periphery of the lower part of the fertilizing and soil mixing roller (52) is spirally provided with three layers of rotary tillage cutters (53), each layer is provided with four rotary tillage cutters, and the left rotary tillage cutter and the right rotary tillage cutter are alternately arranged; two fertilizer discharging holes (55) are respectively arranged on the fertilizing and soil mixing roller (52) between each layer of rotary tillage cutter (53), and the opening direction is 180 degrees; the fertilizing screw feeder (50) is in a spiral shape and is positioned inside the organic fertilizer hopper (49), the fertilizer conveying roller (51) and the fertilizing and soil mixing roller (52), the upper end of the fertilizing screw feeder is fixed on the organic fertilizer hopper (49), and the lower end of the fertilizing screw feeder is installed at the bottom of the fertilizing and soil mixing roller (52) through a bearing; the fertilization hydraulic motor (48) is fixed above the mounting plate (46) through bolts, and drives the fertilizer conveying roller (51) and the fertilization soil mixing roller (52) to rotate through fertilization synchronous belt transmission (47).
7. The automatic fertilizer and soil fertilizer mixed forest orchard organic fertilizer deep application all-in-one machine of claim 6, wherein: a soil discharging cover shell (54) is arranged on the outer side of the fertilizer discharging hole (55), and the soil discharging cover shell (54) is welded with the periphery of the fertilizing and soil mixing roller (52).
8. The automatic fertilizer and soil fertilizer mixed forest orchard organic fertilizer deep application all-in-one machine of claim 6, wherein: be equipped with control system in control box (4) for according to photoelectric encoder (37) measuring automatic advancing speed and the unit area fertilization volume of inputing that supplies fertile forest orchard fertilizer deep placement all-in-one that mixes with fertile soil, adjust the rotational speed of fertilization hydraulic motor (48) through hydraulic pressure station (3), adjust the fertilization volume, guarantee that the fertilization is even, realize regional quantitative fertilization.
9. The automatic fertilizer and soil fertilizer mixed forest orchard organic fertilizer deep application all-in-one machine of claim 8, wherein: the hydraulic station (3) is used for receiving a control instruction sent by the control system, is connected through pipelines, provides power for the hydraulic cylinder (2), the fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor (23), the fertilizer supply hydraulic motor (35) and the fertilizer application hydraulic motor (48), and controls the whole linkage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810021033.2A CN108093795B (en) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-01-10 | Automatic supply forest orchard fertilizer deep fertilization all-in-one of fertile and soil manure mixture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810021033.2A CN108093795B (en) | 2018-01-10 | 2018-01-10 | Automatic supply forest orchard fertilizer deep fertilization all-in-one of fertile and soil manure mixture |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108093795A CN108093795A (en) | 2018-06-01 |
| CN108093795B true CN108093795B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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| CN110121945B (en) * | 2019-05-12 | 2021-10-08 | 甘肃农业大学 | Full-film double-ridge-furrow-ridge-body forming machine and film-covering seedbed forming method |
| CN112314135B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2024-04-05 | 湖南省兆祥生态农业科技有限公司 | Quantitative fertilizer injection unit is used in cereal planting |
| CN115633570B (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2024-05-24 | 西北农林科技大学 | Tectorial membrane maize deep layer fertilizer distributor |
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| US5979703A (en) * | 1997-05-29 | 1999-11-09 | Ag-Chem Equipment Co., Inc. | Machine and method for monitoring product application |
| US6220532B1 (en) * | 1999-12-21 | 2001-04-24 | The Louis Berkman Company | Mount and feeder arrangement for a precision placement spreader |
| US6748884B1 (en) * | 2003-06-03 | 2004-06-15 | Case, Llc | Automatic liquid fertilizer rate system |
| CN100352327C (en) * | 2005-08-11 | 2007-12-05 | 上海交通大学 | Precision and quantity-variation type seeding fertilizing machine with functions of opening and speed regulation |
| CN103392434A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-11-20 | 中国农业大学 | Plant avoidance type appropriate fertilizer applicator |
| CN205105608U (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-03-30 | 中国农业大学 | Regional formula variable deep placement machine of fertilizer |
| CN205196546U (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-05-04 | 石家庄巍矗农业机械有限公司 | Liquid manure integration automatic control machine of irrigating |
| CN106233905B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-09-27 | 北京东方优国途科技有限公司 | Essence controls intelligent organic-inorganic fertilization all-in-one machine |
| CN207720696U (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-08-14 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of woods orchard organic fertilizer deep placement all-in-one machine that automatic fertilizer is mixed with clay fertilizer |
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