CN112715073A - Automatic corn seed combined seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic corn seed combined seeder, which comprises a trailer frame (13) connected through a universal joint, and a soil turning device (15), a fertilizing device (17), a seeding device, a water dripping device (18) and a soil covering device (19) which are sequentially arranged on the trailer frame (13); the plowing device (15) is used for harrowing, ridging and pitting the corn field; a fertilizing device (17) for pre-fertilizing at the point pit; the seeding device is used for seeding at the pit-dropping position; a dripping device (18) for watering and/or applying water and fertilizer at the pit; a soil covering device (19) for covering soil at the pit; the invention has reasonable design, compact structure and convenient use.

Description

Automatic corn seed combined seeder

Technical Field

The invention relates to an automatic corn seed combined seeder and a method.

Background

The corn is a crop with a wide planting area, the corn can be sowed in various manners, wherein the sowing manner for maximizing the corn yield is seed and fertilizer sowing at the same time, the fertilizer is scattered at the position 10-15 cm below the corn seeds, the effect is optimal, and the corn can be further improved by adopting a double-row staggered planting energy manner. However, the existing seeder can not meet the optimal requirement of corn seeding, and chinese patent No. CN107046877A discloses a corn seeding and fertilizing machine, which comprises a frame, a seed fertilizer box, a seed sowing device, a fertilizer distributor, a seed and fertilizer distributor driving mechanism, a notched disc, a bearing seat i, a bracket, a double-disc ditching seeding and fertilizing mechanism, a U-shaped pipe clamp, a land wheel driving mechanism, a connecting pin, a seed and fertilizer distributor fixing bolt, a seed and fertilizer distributor connecting plate, a bearing seat ii, a chain drive middle end driving mechanism and a wheel drive mechanism, wherein the double-disc ditching seeding and fertilizing mechanism comprises a disc, a shovel handle, a fertilizer distributor pipe, a guard plate, a baffle plate, a scraper plate, a pipe orifice of the seed distributor pipe, a cutter shaft, a seed distributor plate and a fixing seat. The utility model replaces manual dibbling, and improves the level of corn planting industry; the straw which forms blockage can be separated, the distance between the seeds and the fertilizer can be kept above 3 cm, the deep fertilizing problem of seeding narrow-row crops in cultivation is effectively solved, and although the patent can realize simultaneous seeding of corn seeds and fertilizer, the defects still exist; firstly, after the seeds and the fertilizers are sowed together, the corn seeds need to be watered in time to prevent the seeds from being burnt, but no watering mechanism exists in the patent, and watering is needed in other modes, so that time and labor are wasted; secondly, the structure of the seed metering device in the patent is not detailed, so that the seed metering device can be understood as a common seed metering device, but the common seed metering device with an external fluted wheel, the seed metering device with the external fluted wheel and the air suction seed metering device have certain defects; thirdly, the device in this patent can't accurate control the thickness of soil between fertilizer and the seed in the use, leads to the seed to burn out easily, influences output. Therefore, how to provide a seeder for breeding corn seeds, and to improve the realization of high-efficiency simultaneous sowing of seed and fertilizer and control of the distance between seed and fertilizer become technical problems to be solved by those skilled in the art. Although a combined operation scheme is provided by CN201821669790.2 a seeder for breeding corn seeds, a working method of CN201510538609.9 small corn seeder and a small multipurpose seeder for breeding corn seeds of CN201721103723.X, the small multipurpose seeder can not realize automatic screening of soil, automatic soil loosening, ridge forming and water and fertilizer treatment and reasonable utilization of the soil.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an automatic corn seed combined seeding machine and a method.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

an automatic corn seed combined seeder comprises a trailer frame connected through a universal joint, and a plowing device, a fertilizing device, a seeding device, a water dripping device and a soil covering device which are sequentially arranged on the trailer frame;

the plowing device is used for harrowing, ridging and pitting the corn field;

the fertilizing device is used for pre-fertilizing at the pit-pointing position;

the seeding device is used for seeding at the pit-dropping position;

the dripping device is used for watering and/or applying water and fertilizer at the pit;

and the soil covering device is used for covering soil at the pit.

An automatic corn seed combined sowing method comprises the steps of firstly, marking lines on land, ditching, and excavating soil in a demarcated area through an excavator; then, paving a side isolation layer and a bottom isolation layer in the excavated soil area; secondly, backfilling heavy metal soil, a waste building material layer and waste oil liquid soil in sequence; then, after the excavated soil is fermented, backfilling the waste oil liquid soil to form a covering soil layer; and then harrowing, screening, ridging and ploughing the covering soil layer to form grooves among ridge soil layers, pit-pointing, fertilizing, sowing, watering and covering soil. The invention has the advantages of reasonable design, low cost, firmness, durability, safety, reliability, simple operation, time and labor saving, capital saving, compact structure and convenient use, realizes degradation treatment and comprehensive utilization of polluted land, realizes automatic treatment of the whole sowing process, has high efficiency and low cost, avoids waste, realizes comprehensive utilization of land resources and realizes quantitative and fixed-distance sowing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the soil treatment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the automatic water irrigation system of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the main components of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the ripping of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a soil loosening member of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the upper part of the ridge forming of the invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower part of the ridge forming of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the blanking of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the feed of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the water material of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the casing of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. heavy metal soil; 2. abandoning the building material layer; 3. waste oil liquid soil; 4. covering a soil layer; 5. ridging a soil layer; 6. grooves among ridges; 7. a pool; 8. an S-shaped water channel or fertilizer channel; 9. an irrigation pressure valve; 10. filling a check valve in the middle; 11. indexing the branch pipe; 12. capillary/restrictor tubes; 13. a trailer frame; 14. a soil screening and conveying device; 15. a plowing device; 16. a fertilizer delivery device; 17. a fertilizing device; 18. a water dripping device; 19. a soil covering device; 20. a raking frame; 21. harrowing a soil claw; 22. a rake claw gas spring; 23. cleaning the pusher dog; 24. cleaning the side guide rail; 25. cleaning the back plate; 26. cleaning the driving swing rod; 27. cleaning the crankshaft connecting rod assembly; 28. cleaning the driving head; 29. cleaning the conveyor belt; 30. cleaning a bottom output belt; 31. cleaning the collection box; 32. cleaning the height limiting frame; 33. cleaning a pre-cleaning edge roller; 34. cleaning the rotary cutter; 35. cleaning the output end; 36. plowing the ground; 37. profiling wing plates; 38. a rear shaping back plate; 39. a front guide plow blade; 40. a plow blade lower guide ramp; 41. vibrating the screen; 42. the screen cloth is raised; 43. breaking the bag and making thorns; 44. prefabricating a soil bag; 45. a pulverizing gear shaft; 46. a drive rack; 47. the edge roller through groove; 48. rotating the hob; 49. a rotating bearing housing; 50. pulling the transmission belt; 51. pulling the driving wheel shaft; 52. distributing a supporting frame; 53. a quadrilateral swinging mechanism; 54. a lower leakage channel; 55. a lower funnel; 56. a side shaping plate; 57. a main feeding driving shaft; 58. connecting a clutch; 59. an axial bottom plate; 60. a blanking sleeve; 61. a helical line piece; 62. a blanking pipeline; 63. an axial end plate; 64. indexing through material holes; 65. a feeding indexing partition plate; 66. rotating the feeding seat; 67. an inner cavity of the feeding center; 68. feeding inner shaft sleeve; 69. a feed nozzle assembly; 70. a V-shaped earth covering plate; 71. a driving ground wheel; 72. a ground wheel output sprocket; 73. a feeding indexing clapboard; 74. a front poking plate for feeding; 75. a movable tongue plate for feeding; 76. the inner cavity of the feeding nozzle; 77. a water material pipeline selection valve; 78. a mixed fertilizer pipeline; 79. the valve is rotated to a valve wheel shaft; 80. a water material nozzle; 81. covering a soil pipeline; 82. a soil covering dividing valve; 83. a soil covering rotary valve plate; 84. covering soil and synchronizing the wheel axle.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the automatic corn seed combined seeder of the present embodiment comprises a trailer frame 13 connected by a universal joint, and a plowing device 15, a fertilizing device 17, a seeding device, a water dropping device 18 and a soil covering device 19 which are sequentially arranged on the trailer frame 13;

the plowing device 15 is used for harrowing, ridging and pitting the corn field;

a fertilizing device 17 for pre-fertilizing at the point pit;

the seeding device is used for seeding at the pit-dropping position; may be a conventional seeder.

A dripping device 18 for watering and/or applying water and fertilizer at the pit;

and the soil covering device 19 is used for covering soil at the pit. Thereby enabling the combined operation of corn seeds.

A screening and soil conveying device 14 is connected to the soil turning device 15 and is used for conveying the prefabricated soil to a ridging position; thereby realizing ridging and improving the nutrition of the soil. Be provided with on fertilizer injection unit 17 and send fertile device 16, it is arranged in having fertilizer on the trailer frame 13 to click into the hole through fertilizer injection unit 17 to realize accurate fertilization, avoid extravagant. The soil turning device 15 comprises a soil rake rack 20 arranged below the front end of a trailer frame 13, the soil rake rack 20 is of a steel structure, the soil rake claw 21 arranged at the lower end of the soil rake rack 20 and used for raking soil realizes automatic soil loosening, the soil is leveled, a soil rake claw gas spring 22 arranged between the soil rake rack 20 and the back of the soil rake claw 21 realizes buffering effect, when a stone is encountered, elastic buffering effect is realized, the upper part of a cleaning pusher dog 23 hinged on the soil rake rack 20 realizes the collection of soil with large particles, a cleaning side guide guardrail 24 arranged on the upper surfaces of two side parts of the cleaning pusher dog 23 and provided with splayed openings realizes the guide conveying of the soil, a cleaning back plate 25 arranged on the back of the cleaning pusher dog 23 plays a role in preventing the soil from entering a rotating shaft, a cleaning crankshaft connecting rod assembly 27 arranged on the soil rake rack 20, a cleaning drive 28 arranged on the cleaning crankshaft connecting rod assembly 27 and capable of linear reciprocating motion, The cleaning drive swing rod 26, one end of which is hinged to the cleaning drive head 28 and the other end of which is hinged to the rotating shaft of the cleaning pusher dog 23, realizes continuous and uninterrupted swing, thereby avoiding the influence of inertia braking force generated by the reverse rotation of the motor, and realizing the transmission of the Rough-to-earth situation by arranging the lower input end on the cleaning conveyor belt 29 below the cleaned back plate 25;

the cleaning pusher dog 23 is inserted into a finger gap between the soil raking claws 21, and a soil leakage gap is also arranged between the cleaning pusher dog 23 and the soil raking claw 21, so that small-particle soil falls down, and large particles are collected to realize primary screening;

be provided with the input and be used for accepting the clearance pocket end output belt 30 that rolls down the cubic thing from clearance conveyer belt 29 section of going up at clearance conveyer belt 29 lower input end, be provided with clearance collecting box 31 at the output of clearance pocket end output belt 30 to collect in addition to stone or the great particle soil, thereby improve the treatment effeciency.

A cleaning height limiting frame 32 for blocking the block with the height larger than the set height from being output from the cleaning output end 35 is arranged at the cleaning output end 35 on the cleaning conveyor belt 29; a cleaning pre-cleaning edge roller 33 is transversely arranged on the cleaning height limiting frame 32, cleaning rotary cutters 34 are distributed on the cleaning pre-cleaning edge roller 33, the blocks pass through the lower part of the surface end of the cleaning pre-cleaning edge roller 33, and the blocks are pre-crushed by the edges of the cleaning pre-cleaning edge roller 33 and the cleaning rotary cutters 34; the crushing and chopping of the hard lumps and soil can be realized by using the prismatic structure and the cutter.

The screening and soil conveying device 14 comprises a plowing head 36 which is arranged at the rear side of the soil raking claw 21 and is used for furrowing; a copying wing plate 37 used for dividing furrows into V-shaped sections is arranged on a plowing head 36, a front guide plowing blade 39 used for separating soil to two sides is arranged at the front end of the plowing head 36, a plowing blade lower guide inclined plane 40 used for pressing furrows downwards is obliquely arranged below the front guide plowing blade 39, and rear shaping back plates 38 used for pressing slope surfaces on two sides of the furrows to two sides are arranged on two sides of the rear end of the plowing head 36, so that the furrows are formed quickly, the slope surfaces are subjected to side pressure forming, collapse is avoided, the structure is stable, the resistance is small, the forming is good, and the guiding is reasonable.

The screening and feeding device 14 further comprises a vibrating screen 41 disposed below the cleaning output end 35 for receiving soil output from the cleaning output end 35, a screen cloth ridge 42 disposed on the upper surface of the vibrating screen 41, a bag breaking bur 43 disposed at one end of the upper surface of the vibrating screen 41, a prefabricated soil bag 44 stored in advance on the trailer frame 13, a bag loading and unloading manipulator for placing the prefabricated soil bag 44 on the bag breaking bur 43, a pulverizing gear shaft 45 running on the upper surface of the vibrating screen 41, a driving rack 46 disposed on the upper surface of the vibrating screen 41 and engaged with the pulverizing gear shaft 45, a ribbed roller through groove 47 disposed on the pulverizing gear shaft 45, a rotary hob 48 disposed on the pulverizing gear shaft 45, a rotary bearing housing 49 disposed at an end of the pulverizing gear shaft 45, a drawing driving gear shaft 51 disposed at a stroke end of the pulverizing gear shaft 45, a drawing belt 50 disposed between the drawing driving gear shaft 51 and the rotary bearing housing 49, a belt 50, a belt, A distribution support frame 52 arranged below the vibrating screen 41, a quadrilateral swinging mechanism 53 which is arranged between the trailer frame 13 and the distribution support frame 52 and is driven by a motor to swing longitudinally, a lower leakage channel 54 longitudinally arranged in the distribution support frame 52, a lower leakage funnel 55 arranged below the lower leakage channel 54 and used for hilling upwards in ridging, and side shaping plates 56 arranged at two sides of the lower leakage funnel 55; the plowing heads 36 are distributed on the longitudinal front side and/or the longitudinal rear side of the supporting frame 52; the automatic tearing of the bag is realized, the slope of the distribution support frame 52 is utilized to realize that the soil automatically falls into the downward leakage channel 54, and the vibration is realized by utilizing a quadrilateral structure, so that the soil is promoted to better enter the channel, and the channel is always on the ridge in the swinging process.

The quadrangular swinging mechanism 53 drives the vibrating screen 41 to make the screened soil earthed up on the ridge,

the pulling driving wheel shafts 51 are arranged at two stroke end points of the crushing gear shaft 45 or the pulling driving wheel shafts 51 are circular belts and are driven by the pulling driving wheel shafts 51; thereby resulting in a soil-intensive final comminution.

When the edge roller through groove 47 rotates, the edge of the edge roller crushes the soil, and the soil is crushed through the through groove;

the cross section of the side shaping plate 56 is a splayed cross section, the opening of the front end of the side shaping plate is smaller than or equal to the opening of the rear end of the side shaping plate along the longitudinal direction, and the side shaping plate 56 shapes two side surfaces of the ridge forming to gather up soil and reduce shaping resistance.

The fertilizing device 17 comprises a point fertilizer assembly and an o-clock assembly which is arranged on the rear side of the point fertilizer assembly and has the same structure with the point fertilizer assembly; the o-clock assembly comprises a seed box body arranged on the trailer frame 13; through reasonable setting of the spacing distance and speed matching, the seeds and the fertilizer are guaranteed to be arranged at the same position or at equal intervals.

The fertilizer feeding device 16 of the fertilizer application assembly has the same structure as the fertilizer feeding assembly of the clock assembly; it can be applied in conventional fertilizer applicator.

The fertilizer delivery device 16 comprises a fertilizer box body arranged on the trailer frame 13, a fertilizer stirring wheel arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer box body, and a blanking pipeline 62 arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer stirring wheel;

the fertilizing device 17 comprises a blanking main driving shaft 57 arranged at the rear side of the plowing device 15 and positioned below the fertilizer box body, a connecting clutch 58 arranged at one end of the blanking main driving shaft 57 and used for connecting a driving motor, a blanking sleeve 60 sleeved on the blanking main driving shaft 57 through a bearing and connected with a blanking pipeline 62, an axial bottom plate 59 and an axial end plate 63 arranged at two sides of the blanking sleeve 60, a spiral sheet 61 arranged on the blanking main driving shaft 57 in the blanking sleeve 60, indexing through holes 64 arranged on the axial end plate 63, feeding indexing partition plates 65 arranged between adjacent indexing through holes 64 and a rotary material seat 66 arranged at one side of the indexing through holes 64;

a feeding inner shaft sleeve 68 sleeved on the blanking main driving shaft 57 is coaxially arranged in the inner cavity of the rotary feeding seat 66, and a feeding nozzle assembly 69 is distributed on the outer side wall of the rotary feeding seat 66; a V-shaped earth covering plate 70 positioned at the walking rear side of the feeding nozzle assembly 69 is distributed on the outer side wall of the rotary feeding seat 66, a driving ground wheel 71 in transmission connection with the rotary feeding seat 66 is sleeved on the blanking main driving shaft 57, a ground wheel output chain wheel 72 is coaxially arranged on the driving ground wheel 71, the ground wheel output chain wheel 72 is in transmission connection with a middle power box, and a feeding indexing partition plate 73 is distributed in the feeding center inner cavity 67;

the spiral line pieces 61 of the blanking main driving shaft 57 axially output the fertilizer to a feeding center inner cavity 67 of a rotary feeding seat 66 through the indexing through holes 64;

the feeding nozzle assembly 69 comprises a front feeding shifting plate 74 which is fixedly arranged and the head part of which is used for being inserted into ridges, and a movable feeding tongue plate 75 which is arranged at the rear side of the front feeding shifting plate 74 and the root part of which is arranged on the rotary feeding seat 66 through a torsion spring/spring, wherein the length of the movable feeding tongue plate 75 is shorter than that of the front feeding shifting plate 74, but the width of the movable feeding tongue plate 75 is larger than that of the front feeding shifting plate 74, and a feeding nozzle inner cavity 76 for temporarily storing materials is formed between the movable feeding tongue plate 75 and the front feeding shifting plate 74;

the spiral line pieces 61 of the blanking main driving shaft 57 axially output the fertilizer to a feeding center inner cavity 67 of a rotary feeding seat 66 through the indexing through holes 64; before feeding, the poking plate 74 dibbles on the ridge, the feeding movable tongue plate 75 is opened by utilizing the side wide edge of the feeding movable tongue plate 75, the fertilizer in the feeding center cavity 67 is output to the dibble pit through the feeding nozzle cavity 76, and the fertilizer in the dibble pit is covered with soil through the V-shaped soil covering plate 70. The invention realizes quantitative and equidistant fertilization and seeding, thereby realizing the separation of the covering soil and avoiding the burning of the seeds by the fertilizer.

The water dripping device 18 comprises a water tank/water fertilizer tank arranged on the trailer frame 13, a water material pipeline connected with the water tank/water fertilizer tank through a pump station, a water material pipeline selector valve 77 arranged on the water material pipeline, a valve rotary valve wheel shaft 79 arranged on the water material pipeline selector valve 77, a water material nozzle 80 arranged at the outlet of the lower end of the water material pipeline selector valve 77, and a mixed fertilizer pipeline 78 arranged on one side of the water material pipeline selector valve 77; realize quantitative fixed distance fertilization, about the conveying match, can realize land wheel with fast drive through modes such as transfer chain.

The valve rotary valve wheel shaft 79 is in transmission connection with the land wheel output chain wheel 72;

the covering device 19 comprises a covering box arranged on the trailer frame 13, a covering pipeline 81 arranged at the lower end of the covering box, a covering auger arranged in the covering pipeline 81 and the covering box, and a covering dividing valve 82 arranged at the lower end of the covering pipeline 81;

the covering soil dividing valve 82 comprises a valve body, a covering soil rotary valve plate 83 arranged in the valve body, and a covering soil synchronous wheel shaft 84 connected with the covering soil rotary valve plate 83 and in transmission connection with the land wheel output chain wheel 72. Thereby reducing water evaporation.

A covering soil layer 4 is arranged below the ridge soil layer 5 for ridging, and waste oil liquid soil 3, a waste building material layer 2 and heavy metal soil 1 are sequentially arranged below the covering soil layer 4;

inter-ridge grooves 6 for driving land wheels 71 or people to walk are arranged between the ridge soil layers 5;

a water tank 7 is arranged at one side of the ridge soil layer 5, the water tank 7 is connected with an S-shaped water channel or fertilizer channel 8 which is preset below the ridge soil layer 5 through a pump station, a middle filling one-way valve 10 for filling pesticide or nutrient solution is arranged on the S-shaped water channel or fertilizer channel 8, an irrigation pressure valve 9 is arranged on the S-shaped water channel or fertilizer channel 8, an indexing branch pipe 11 for filling water or water fertilizer to the ridge soil layer 5 is vertically distributed on the S-shaped water channel or fertilizer channel 8,

capillary tubes/throttle pipes 12 for supplying water/liquid manure to the pit positions of the ridge soil layers 5 are arranged on the indexing branch pipes 11. The invention utilizes the advantage that the corn can be used for preparing ethanol, can be planted on backfilled polluted soil, and certainly realizes the outward diffusion of pollution through the isolation net, thereby realizing the industrial application of the corn and simultaneously performing secondary absorption and degradation treatment on pollutants.

According to the automatic corn seed combined sowing method, firstly, a line is drawn on the land for ditching, and soil in a defined area is dug through an excavator; then, paving a side isolation layer and a bottom isolation layer in the excavated soil area; secondly, backfilling heavy metal soil 1, a waste building material layer 2 and waste oil liquid soil 3 in sequence; then, after the excavated soil is fermented, backfilling the waste oil liquid soil 3 to form a covering soil layer 4; and then, harrowing, soil screening, ridging and plowing are carried out on the covering soil layer 4 to form a ridge soil layer 5 and an inter-ridge groove 6, pit sowing, fertilizing, sowing, watering and covering soil.

Before the waste oil liquid soil 3 is backfilled to form a covering soil layer 4, the following steps are carried out: firstly, paving an S-shaped water channel or a fertilizer channel 8 in waste oil liquid soil 3; then, an irrigation pressure valve 9 is arranged at the tail end of the S-shaped water channel or fertilizer channel 8, and a middle filling one-way valve 10 is arranged at the bend of the S-shaped water channel or fertilizer channel 8; secondly, installing a dividing branch pipe 11 on the S-shaped water channel or the fertilizer channel 8; a capillary tube/throttle pipe 12 with the tail end positioned at a preset pit position is arranged on the indexing branch pipe 11; and thirdly, connecting the S-shaped water channel or fertilizer channel 8 with the water pool 7.

Harrowing, soil screening, ridging and plowing are carried out on a covering soil layer 4 to form a ridge soil layer 5 and an inter-ridge groove 6, pit spotting, fertilizing, seeding, watering and covering soil are carried out, and the specific steps comprise the following steps;

step one, harrowing, screening and ridging are carried out; firstly, the agricultural vehicle pulls the trailer frame 13 to walk on the covering soil layer 4, the covering soil layer 4 is harrowed flat after the harrowing depth of the harrowing claw 21 is adjusted, and when block-shaped objects larger than the gap between the harrowing claws are encountered, the harrowing claw 21 swings downwards after overcoming the spring force of the harrowing claw gas spring 22, and stones are shoveled into the harrowing claw 21; then, the cleaning crankshaft connecting rod assembly 27 drives the cleaning pusher dog 23 to swing through the cleaning driving head 28, so that the block-shaped objects slide down on the cleaning conveyor belt 29 along the cleaning pusher dog 23 in an upward swinging mode; secondly, the cleaning conveyor belt 29 drives the blocks to move upwards to the cleaning height limiting frame 32, the blocks with the blocking height larger than the set blocking height are output from a cleaning output end 35, and the blocks are pre-crushed through the edges of the cleaning pre-cleaning edge roller 33 and the cleaning rotary cutter 34; thirdly, on the vibrating screen 41, the prefabricated soil bag 44 fed by the manipulator is punctured through the bag breaking spurs 43, the pulling driving wheel shaft 51 is pulled by the pulling transmission belt 50 to axially reciprocate, so that the pulling driving wheel shaft 51 rotationally travels on the driving rack 46, the prefabricated soil and the blocks are secondarily crushed by the arris roller through groove 47 and the rotary hob 48 in cooperation with the screen bulge 42, and the prefabricated soil and the blocks are vibrated to fall into the distribution support frame 52; then, the quadrilateral swinging mechanism 53 is driven by the motor to swing longitudinally, so that the soil falls onto the ridges of the side shaping plates 56 through the lower leakage channel 54, and the side shaping plates 56 reinforce the two sides of the ridge soil layer 5;

step two, in the step of ploughing, when the agricultural vehicle pulls the trailer frame 13 to walk on the covering soil layer 4, firstly, a ploughing head 36 at the front side forms a ridge soil layer 5 on the covering soil layer 4; then, secondary trimming is carried out on the ridge layer 5 after the ridging through the back side ploughshare 36;

fertilizing, namely firstly, feeding the fertilizer in the fertilizer box body into a blanking sleeve 60 by a fertilizer stirring wheel; then, the motor drives the spiral line sheet 61 to rotate through the connecting clutch 58 and the blanking main driving shaft 57, and fertilizer is sent into the feeding center inner cavity 67 through the indexing through hole 64; secondly, the ground wheel 71 is driven to drive the rotary feeding seat 66 to rotate, when the feeding nozzle assembly 69 reaches the bottom, the stirring plate 74 before feeding excavates a pit on the ridge soil layer 5, and meanwhile, the wide plates on the two sides of the feeding movable tongue plate 75 are utilized to enable the feeding nozzle inner cavity 76 to enable fertilizer to fall into the pit; thirdly, driving the ground wheels 71 to drive the rotary feeding seats 66 to rotate, and poking the soil on the rear side of the ridge soil layer 5 into the pits by the V-shaped soil covering plates 70;

seeding, namely seeding corn seeds into the pits or the accessory pits of the pits through a seeder under the driving of a driving land wheel 71;

watering, wherein under the driving of the driving land wheel 71, the valve rotary valve wheel shaft 79 intermittently and synchronously opens or closes the water material pipeline selection valve 77, and the water tank/water fertilizer tank waters/applies water fertilizer to the sowed pit through the water material nozzle 80;

and step six, covering soil, namely, under the driving of the driving land wheel 71, the covering soil synchronous wheel shaft 84 synchronously opens or closes the covering soil rotary valve plate 83 in a clearance mode, and the hilling box waters/applies water, fertilizer and covering soil to the pits through the covering soil pipeline 81.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides an automatic change maize seed combined drill which characterized in that: comprises a trailer frame (13) connected through a universal joint, and a soil turning device (15), a fertilizing device (17), a seeding device, a water dripping device (18) and a soil covering device (19) which are arranged on the trailer frame (13) in sequence;

the plowing device (15) is used for harrowing, ridging and pitting the corn field;

a fertilizing device (17) for pre-fertilizing at the point pit;

the seeding device is used for seeding at the pit-dropping position;

a dripping device (18) for watering and/or applying water and fertilizer at the pit;

and the soil covering device (19) is used for covering soil at the pit.

2. The automatic corn seed combined seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that a screening and soil-feeding device (14) for feeding prepared soil to the ridging place is connected to the plowing device (15);

the fertilizer feeding device (16) is arranged on the fertilizer applying device (17) and is used for dropping fertilizer on the trailer frame (13) into the pit through the fertilizer applying device (17).

3. The automatic corn seed combined seeder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the plowing device (15) comprises a soil raking frame (20) arranged below the front end of the trailer frame (13), soil raking claws (21) arranged at the lower end of the soil raking frame (20) and used for raking soil, a soil raking claw gas spring (22) arranged between the soil raking frame (20) and the back of the soil raking claws (21), a cleaning pusher dog (23) with the upper part hinged on the soil raking frame (20), a cleaning side guide guardrail (24) arranged on the upper surfaces of the claws at the two sides of the cleaning pusher dog (23) and provided with splayed openings, a cleaning rear back plate (25) arranged at the back of the cleaning pusher dog (23), a cleaning crank shaft connecting rod assembly (27) arranged on the soil raking frame (20), a cleaning driving head (28) arranged on the cleaning crank shaft connecting rod assembly (27) and capable of linearly reciprocating motion, and a cleaning driving head (28) with one end hinged on the cleaning driving head (28) and one end hinged on the cleaning pusher dog (23) rotating shaft The swing rod (26) and the lower input end are arranged on a cleaning conveyor belt (29) below the cleaning back plate (25);

the cleaning pusher dogs (23) are inserted into finger gaps between the soil raking claws (21), and soil leakage gaps are also arranged between the cleaning pusher dogs (23) and the soil raking claws (21);

an input end of the lower input end of the cleaning conveyor belt (29) is used for receiving a cleaning bottom pocket output belt (30) of the block-shaped objects falling from the upward section of the cleaning conveyor belt (29), and a cleaning collecting box (31) is arranged at the output end of the cleaning bottom pocket output belt (30).

4. The automated corn seed combine planter according to claim 2, wherein a cleaning height limiting frame (32) is provided on the cleaning conveyor (29) at the cleaning output end (35) to block the output of the blocks larger than a set height from the cleaning output end (35); a cleaning pre-cleaning edge roller (33) is transversely arranged on the cleaning height limiting frame (32), cleaning rotary cutters (34) are distributed on the cleaning pre-cleaning edge roller (33), the blocks pass through the lower part of the surface end of the cleaning pre-cleaning edge roller (33), and the edges of the cleaning pre-cleaning edge roller (33) and the cleaning rotary cutters (34) pre-crush the blocks;

the screening and soil conveying device (14) comprises a plowing head (36) which is arranged at the rear side of the soil raking claw (21) and is used for furrowing; a copying wing plate (37) for dividing furrows into V-shaped sections is arranged on the plowing head (36), a front guide plowing blade (39) for separating soil to two sides is arranged at the front end of the plowing head (36), a plowing blade lower guide inclined plane (40) for pressing furrows downwards is obliquely arranged below the front guide plowing blade (39), rear shaping back plates (38) for pressing the slope surfaces at two sides of the furrows are arranged at two sides of the rear end of the plowing head (36),

the screening and soil conveying device (14) further comprises a vibrating screen part (41) which is arranged below the cleaning output end (35) and used for bearing soil output by the cleaning output end (35), a screen cloth bulge (42) which is arranged on the upper surface of the vibrating screen part (41), a bag breaking bur (43) which is arranged at one end of the upper surface of the vibrating screen part (41), a prefabricated soil bag (44) which is stored in a trailer frame (13) in advance, a bag feeding and discharging mechanical arm which places the prefabricated soil bag (44) on the bag breaking bur (43), a crushing gear shaft (45) which walks on the upper surface of the vibrating screen part (41), a driving rack (46) which is arranged on the upper surface of the vibrating screen part (41) and meshed with the crushing gear shaft (45), a ridge roller through groove (47) which is arranged on the crushing gear shaft (45), a rotary hob (48) which is arranged on the crushing gear shaft (45), and a rotary bearing sleeve (49) which is arranged at the end part of the crushing gear shaft, The device comprises a traction driving wheel shaft (51) arranged at the stroke end of a crushing wheel shaft (45), a traction transmission belt (50) arranged between the traction driving wheel shaft (51) and a rotary bearing sleeve (49), a distribution support frame (52) arranged below a vibrating screen piece (41), a quadrilateral swinging mechanism (53) which is arranged between a trailer frame (13) and the distribution support frame (52) and is driven by a motor to swing longitudinally, a lower leakage channel (54) longitudinally arranged in the distribution support frame (52), a lower leakage funnel (55) which is arranged below the lower leakage channel (54) and is used for ridging to ridge and side shaping plates (56) arranged at two sides of the lower leakage funnel (55); the plowing heads (36) are distributed on the longitudinal front side and/or the longitudinal rear side of the supporting frame (52);

the quadrilateral swinging mechanism (53) drives the vibrating screen (41) to make the screened soil earthed up to the ridge,

the traction driving wheel shafts (51) are arranged at two stroke end points of the crushing gear shaft (45) or the traction driving wheel shafts (51) are circular belts and are driven by the traction driving wheel shafts (51);

when the edge roller through groove (47) rotates, the edge of the edge roller crushes the soil, and the soil is crushed through the through groove;

the cross section of the side shaping plate (56) is a splayed cross section, the front end opening of the side shaping plate is smaller than or equal to the rear end opening of the side shaping plate along the longitudinal direction, and the side shaping plate (56) shapes two side surfaces of the ridge.

5. The automatic corn seed combined seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the fertilizing device (17) comprises a point-fertilizer assembly, and an o-clock assembly which is arranged at the rear side of the point-fertilizer assembly and has the same structure as the point-fertilizer assembly; the o-clock component comprises a seed box body arranged on the trailer frame (13);

the fertilizer feeding device (16) of the fertilizer application component has the same structure as the fertilizer feeding component of the clock component;

the fertilizer delivery device (16) comprises a fertilizer box body arranged on the trailer frame (13), a fertilizer stirring wheel arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer box body, and a blanking pipeline (62) arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer stirring wheel;

the fertilizing device (17) comprises a blanking main driving shaft (57) which is arranged at the rear side of the ground turning device (15) and is positioned below the fertilizer box body, a connecting clutch (58) which is arranged at one end of the blanking main driving shaft (57) and is used for connecting a driving motor, a blanking sleeve (60) which is sleeved on the blanking main driving shaft (57) through a bearing and is connected with a blanking pipeline (62), an axial bottom plate (59) and an axial end plate (63) which are arranged at two sides of the blanking sleeve (60), a spiral sheet (61) which is arranged on the blanking main driving shaft (57) in the blanking sleeve (60), indexing through holes (64) which are arranged on the axial end plate (63), feeding indexing partition plates (65) which are arranged between adjacent indexing through holes (64), and a rotary feeding seat (66) which is arranged at one side of the indexing through holes (64);

a feeding inner shaft sleeve (68) sleeved on the blanking main driving shaft (57) is coaxially arranged in an inner cavity of the rotary feeding seat (66), and feeding nozzle assemblies (69) are distributed on the outer side wall of the rotary feeding seat (66); a V-shaped earth covering plate (70) positioned at the walking rear side of a feeding nozzle assembly (69) is distributed on the outer side wall of the rotary feeding seat (66), a driving land wheel (71) in transmission connection with the rotary feeding seat (66) is sleeved on the blanking main driving shaft (57), a land wheel output chain wheel (72) is coaxially arranged on the driving land wheel (71), the land wheel output chain wheel (72) is in transmission connection with a middle power box, and feeding indexing partition plates (73) are distributed in a feeding center inner cavity (67);

the spiral line pieces (61) of the blanking main driving shaft (57) axially output fertilizer to a feeding center inner cavity (67) of a rotary feeding seat (66) through the indexing material passing holes (64);

the feeding nozzle assembly (69) comprises a front feeding shifting plate (74) which is fixedly arranged, the head of the front feeding shifting plate is used for being inserted into ridges, and a movable feeding tongue plate (75) which is arranged on the rear side of the front feeding shifting plate (74) and the root of the front feeding shifting plate is installed on the rotary feeding seat (66) through a torsion spring/spring, wherein the length of the movable feeding tongue plate (75) is shorter than that of the front feeding shifting plate (74), but the width of the movable feeding tongue plate (75) is larger than that of the front feeding shifting plate (74), and a feeding nozzle inner cavity (76) for temporarily storing materials is formed between the movable feeding tongue plate (75) and the front feeding shifting plate;

the spiral line pieces (61) of the blanking main driving shaft (57) axially output fertilizer to a feeding center inner cavity (67) of a rotary feeding seat (66) through the indexing material passing holes (64); before feeding, a poking plate (74) dibbles on the ridge, soil is utilized to open the feeding movable tongue plate (75) by utilizing the side broadside of the feeding movable tongue plate (75), fertilizer in an inner cavity (67) of a feeding center is output to the dibbles through an inner cavity (76) of a feeding nozzle, and the fertilizer in the dibbles is covered with soil through a V-shaped soil covering plate (70).

6. The automatic corn seed combined seeder according to claim 5, wherein the water dropping device (18) comprises a water tank/water fertilizer tank arranged on the trailer frame (13), a water material pipeline connected with the water tank/water fertilizer tank through a pump station, a water material pipeline selection valve (77) arranged on the water material pipeline, a valve rotary valve wheel shaft (79) arranged on the water material pipeline selection valve (77), a water material nozzle (80) arranged at the outlet of the lower end of the water material pipeline selection valve (77), and a mixed fertilizer pipeline (78) arranged at one side of the water material pipeline selection valve (77);

the valve rotary valve wheel shaft (79) is in transmission connection with the land wheel output chain wheel (72);

the covering soil device (19) comprises a covering soil box arranged on the trailer frame (13), a covering soil pipeline (81) arranged at the lower end of the covering soil box, a covering soil auger arranged in the covering soil pipeline (81) and the covering soil box, and a covering soil dividing valve (82) arranged at the lower end of the covering soil pipeline (81);

the covering soil dividing valve (82) comprises a valve body, a covering soil rotary valve plate (83) arranged in the valve body, and a covering soil synchronous wheel shaft (84) which is connected with the covering soil rotary valve plate (83) and is in transmission connection with the land wheel output chain wheel (72).

7. The automatic corn seed combined seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that a covering soil layer (4) is arranged below the ridge soil layer (5) for ridging, and a waste oil liquid soil (3), a waste building material layer (2) and a heavy metal soil (1) are sequentially arranged below the covering soil layer (4);

inter-ridge grooves (6) for driving land wheels (71) or people to walk are arranged between the ridge soil layers (5);

a water tank (7) is arranged on one side of the ridge soil layer (5), the water tank (7) is connected with an S-shaped water channel or fertilizer channel (8) which is preset below the ridge soil layer (5) through a pump station, a middle filling one-way valve (10) for filling pesticide or nutrient solution is arranged on the S-shaped water channel or fertilizer channel (8), a watering pressure valve (9) is arranged on the S-shaped water channel or fertilizer channel (8), indexing branch pipes (11) for filling water or water fertilizer to the ridge soil layer (5) are vertically distributed on the S-shaped water channel or fertilizer channel (8),

the indexing branch pipe (11) is provided with a capillary/throttle pipe (12) for supplying water/water fertilizer to pit positions of the ridge soil layer (5).

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