CN210491600U - Seeder capable of rotary tillage, crushing rod pressing, reverse rotation, ditching and fertilizing - Google Patents
Seeder capable of rotary tillage, crushing rod pressing, reverse rotation, ditching and fertilizing Download PDFInfo
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- CN210491600U CN210491600U CN201921363225.8U CN201921363225U CN210491600U CN 210491600 U CN210491600 U CN 210491600U CN 201921363225 U CN201921363225 U CN 201921363225U CN 210491600 U CN210491600 U CN 210491600U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a rotary tillage pole breaking is sowed before suppression derotation ditching seeding fertilization rice and wheat seeder, its structure includes frame, fender soil cover, reversal rotary cultivator, before sowing compression roller, speed measuring wheel, two disc furrow openers, single hinge profile modeling press mechanism, two fertile casees, seed case, derotation ditching sword, protects the ditch device. The advantages are that: 1) on the basis of meeting the agricultural requirements, the working procedures of fertilization, rotary tillage, rod crushing, ditching, seeding and compacting are completed in a one-time mode, the times of putting the machine into the ground are reduced, and the operation cost is reduced. 2) Be equipped with and press the roller before sowing, carry out the suppression before the seeding, the control that can be more effective more accurate is sowed deeply, is favorable to the seed to emerge and develop.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a rotary tillage pole breaking is suppressed contra-rotation before sowing, ditching seeding fertilization rice and wheat seeder belongs to agricultural machine technical field.
Background
The rice and the wheat are main crops in China, and the planting area and the total yield account for 70 percent of the total yield of grains in China. Jiangsu province is a typical 'rice-wheat' region of two cropping per year, the planting area of rice and wheat is about 2600 ten thousand mu, and the planting area accounts for more than 40% of the cultivated area of the whole province. In recent years, the problems of shortage of labor resources, short rice and wheat rotation time and the like are highlighted, the production efficiency of manual operation is low, the cost is gradually increased, the field size in Jiangsu areas is generally small, the annual rainwater is sufficient, the rice and wheat rotation is alternate between dry and wet in the whole year, and by adding an unreasonable cultivation mode, the soil is seriously wet and sticky, the operation machinery is difficult to walk in the field, the phenomena of low porosity, shallow ploughing and deep ploughing in the whole year are caused, the high-efficiency operation of the seeder is influenced, and the problems of soil hardening, large ploughing and returning power consumption and the like are highlighted. And the wheat planting in the region generally comprises the following steps: straw plowing and returning to field, rotary tillage and land leveling, drainage ditch opening before sowing, base fertilizer application, sowing by a drill seeder, and pressing after sowing, but the traditional sowing machine has simple function and single structure, can not carry out multi-process integrated compound operation, and increases the planting operation cost.
The problem to be solved at present is that the crushing degree of the straws is lower than the national standard and is not crushed to be less than 10 cm; the depth of straw returning to the field is shallow, and the straw is mostly covered on the ground surface or returned to the field in a shallow layer to 10cm of soil below the ground surface.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a rotary tillage hack is broadcast before suppression derotation ditching seeding fertilization rice and wheat seeder, its aim at to the above-mentioned defect that exists among the prior art, has provided one kind and can once only accomplish fertilization, rotary tillage, hack pole, ditching, seeding, suppression process to land, and reduction machines land the rotary tillage hack pole of number of times is broadcast before suppression derotation ditching seeding fertilization rice and wheat seeder.
The technical solution of the utility model is as follows: a rotary tillage pole breaking before sowing, pressing, reverse rotation, ditching, sowing and fertilizing rice and wheat seeder structurally comprises a rack, a soil blocking cover 1, a reverse rotary cultivator 2, a before sowing press roller 3, a speed measuring wheel 4, a double-disc furrow opener 5, a single-hinge profiling press mechanism 6, a double-fertilizer box 8, a fertilizer applicator, a seed box 9, a seed sowing device, a packing auger 10, a reverse rotation furrow opener 11 and a furrow protection device 13; wherein, the front end of the lower part of the frame is provided with a soil retaining cover 1 and a reverse rotary cultivator 2, the middle part is provided with a pre-sowing press roller 3, the tail part is provided with a double-disc furrow opener 5 and a single-hinge profiling press mechanism 6, and the upper part of the frame is provided with a double-fertilizer box 8, a fertilizer applicator, a seed box 9 and a seed sowing device; wherein, the reverse rotary cultivator 2 is provided with a herringbone rotary blade, the shaft is provided with a packing auger 10, the middle part is provided with a coaxial reverse rotary ditching blade 11, and the rear part is provided with a ditch protecting device 13.
The retaining device further comprises a fixed blade 12, and the fixed blade 12 is assembled on the inner side of the retaining cover 1.
The soil scraping plate 7 is arranged on the pre-sowing press roller 3; the pre-sowing press roller is provided with a plurality of trapezoidal teeth, and the trapezoidal teeth are aligned with each row of the double-disc furrow opener at the rear.
The single-hinge profiling compacting mechanism 6 is single-body profiling, each seeding single body is hinged with the frame, and a single-hinge back-position profiling mode is adopted.
The working method comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) tillage: the cultivating part comprises fertilization, rotary tillage, rod crushing, ditching, soil conveying and ditch protection;
(2) compacting before sowing;
(3) sowing: the seeding part comprises profile modeling ditching, seeding and seed ditch pressing.
The cultivation in the step (1) specifically comprises the following operation steps:
1) fertilization, rotary tillage and rod crushing: firstly, the seeder advances to drive the speed-measuring land wheel 4 to rotate, the speed-measuring land wheel 4 drives the seed-metering shaft to rotate through chain transmission, so that the fertilization of the double fertilizer boxes 8 is completed, the rotary cultivator 2 is reversed to cultivate after the fertilization, the soil and the straws brought up by the rotary cultivation are thrown onto the soil-blocking cover 1, the discarded soil blocks are thrown onto the soil-blocking cover to further break the soil blocks, and meanwhile, the fixed blades 12 welded on the soil-blocking cover and the rotary cultivation blades are matched to shred the brought-up straws;
2) ditching, conveying soil and protecting ditches: then a drainage ditch is opened by a reverse rotation ditching cutter 11 arranged in the middle of the rotary cultivator, and the auger 10 coaxially assembled conveys soil brought up by the drainage ditch outwards to prevent soil blockage; after the drainage ditch is opened, the opened drainage ditch is pressed by the ditch protection device 13, and the ditch shape is ensured to be complete and not to collapse.
Before step (2) is broadcast, suppress, specifically include: with the advance of the seeder, the trapezoidal teeth on the press roller 3 before sowing are inserted into the soil, so as to drive the press roller to rotate and press the rotary ploughed soil; the scraper arranged behind the roller 3 scrapes the clay on the roller 3 before sowing, so as to ensure the operation of the roller before sowing.
The seeding in the step (3) specifically comprises the following operation steps:
1) profiling and ditching: the tail part of the seeder is provided with a single-hinge profiling compacting mechanism 6 which can imitate the shape of the ground surface, so that the depths of the seed ditches dug by the double-disc furrow opener 5 are consistent;
2) sowing: the seeder advances to drive the speed-measuring land wheel 4 to rotate, the speed-measuring land wheel 4 drives the seed-metering shaft to rotate through chain transmission, and seeds in the seed box 9 uniformly fall under the action of the seed-metering device; 3) and (3) pressing seed ditches: the single-hinge profiling compacting mechanism 6 compacts soft soil above the seeds after the seeding is completed.
And when the speed measuring land wheel 4 moves forwards, the chain transmission drives the seed metering device to feed seeds and the fertilizer metering device to feed fertilizers.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1) the current research situation of the current Chinese straw returning machine and the actual situation of field soil are combined, on the basis of meeting the agricultural requirements, the procedures of fertilization, rotary tillage, rod breaking, ditching, seeding and pressing are completed in one step, and a matched machine tool is constructed for a reasonable plough layer of a rain-fed dry land, so that the requirement of interlaced deep burying of straws is met, the number of times of entering the field of the machine tool is reduced, the production cost of farmers is reduced, and the machine tool has important scientific research value and production and application prospects.
2) Be equipped with the preceding compression roller of sowing, adopt effectual suppression device and suppression gravity to suppress before the seeding, suitably increase soil compactness, artifical soil structure and water of adjusting, fertile, gas, hot situation, can more effectively more accurate control is broadcast deeply, with the new flow of farming of current wheat rotary tillage-seeding, change into the new flow of farming of wheat rotary tillage-suppression-seeding-suppression, improve water utilization ratio, be favorable to the seed to emerge and develop, it is showing to increase the unit yield effect.
3) Aiming at the areas with shortage of labor resources and short rice and wheat rotation time, a rice and wheat cultivation mode suitable for paddy and upland rotation areas is screened, the wheat and rice sowing quality and the rice sowing efficiency are improved, and the development of rice and wheat planting in the areas is promoted.
4) The reverse rotary cultivator is provided with the auger to convey soil, and particularly aiming at areas with high soil viscosity, the condition that soil is easily blocked during tillage by machines and tools can be effectively prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rice and wheat seeder for compacting, reversely rotating, ditching, sowing and fertilizing before rotary tillage and rod crushing.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a reverse rotary cultivator.
Figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the pressing roller before sowing.
Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of the construction of a scraper blade.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the rotary tillage ditching assembly.
FIG. 6 is a chain transmission structure diagram of the speed measuring land wheel.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a single-hinge profiling compacting mechanism.
In the figure 1, a retaining cover; 2. a reverse rotary cultivator; 3. compacting the compacting roller before sowing; 4. a speed measuring wheel; 5. a double-disc furrow opener; 6. a single hinge profiling compacting mechanism; 7. a scraper plate; 8. double fertilizer boxes; 9. a seed box; 10. a packing auger; 11. carrying out reverse rotation ditching; 12. fixing a blade; 13. a ditch protecting device.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a rotary tillage hack is suppressed and is turned over before sowing and sow fertilization rice and wheat seeder, at first 2 rotary tillers that turn over after fertilizing by fertilizer injection unit 8 fertilization carry out the rotary tillage to soil, the straw of taking up and keep off the soil and cover 1 cooperation of moving blade and cut up the straw, simultaneously by 11 drainage ditches of ditching device at rotary cultivator middle part, the spiral of rotary cultivator coaxial assembly send native device auger 10 to outwards carry a large amount of soil of taking up drainage ditches, effectively prevent stifled soil. After the ditching device 11 ditches the ditch, the ditch shape is stabilized by the middle rear ditch protection device 13. Accomplish after the garrulous pole operation of rotary tillage ditching and by having designed one kind and broadcast preceding suppression roller 3 and broadcast, the suppression roller is gone up to attach scraper 7 and is prevented the suppression roller clay. The seeding work after the accurate control is broadcast deeply is accomplished to the imitative earth's surface shape control of the cooperation single hinge profile modeling press mechanism 6 by two disc furrow openers 5 of afterbody before broadcasting suppression, is suppressed by the press wheel that carries out hinge profile modeling press mechanism simultaneously.
Rotary tillage and rod crushing: the reverse rotation 2 herringbone cutters are arranged, soil tends to be thrown outwards in the rotary tillage stubble cleaning process, and the coaxial additional auger 10 increases the soil conveying capacity and prevents soil blockage. When the soil guard cover 1 rotates reversely, the fixed blades 12 are assembled on the soil guard cover 1 to be matched with the rotary tillage blades to shred the straws.
Ditching: the middle part of the rotary cultivator is provided with a coaxial ditching knife 11 for ditching and draining water channels. The rear part is followed by a ditch protecting device 13 to stabilize the ditch shape.
Compacting before sowing: after the rotary tillage is finished, the roller 3 is pressed before sowing, and the soil scraping plate 7 is additionally arranged on the roller to scrape soil so as to prevent the roller from being clayed.
Controlling the sowing depth: the profiling is completed by matching the single-hinge profiling compacting mechanism 6 with the double-disc furrow opener 5, so that the sowing depth is accurately controlled.
Sowing and fertilizing: the speed measuring wheel 4 measures the advancing speed of the machine tool to drive the seed metering device to seed 8 and the fertilizer discharging device to discharge 9.
At present, most of the relatively mature seeders at home and abroad aim at dry farming areas in the north, and fewer rice and wheat seeders capable of meeting the soil environment of paddy and dry rotation farming areas in Jiangsu are available. Therefore, the soil cultivation test is carried out on the basis of the soil environment of the rice and wheat rotation area in Jiangsu province, the rice and wheat cultivation mode suitable for the paddy and upland rotation area is screened, the target operation parameters of the machine tool are established, the rice and wheat rotary tillage, rod breaking and sowing front-pressing, reverse-rotation, ditching, sowing, fertilizing, rice and wheat sowing all-in-one machine is designed, the sowing quality and the operation efficiency of wheat and rice are improved through the design test of the machine tool, and the development of rice and wheat planting in the area is promoted.
The technical scheme of the utility model is further explained by combining the attached drawings
As shown in attached figure 1, the rotary tillage pole-breaking sowing front-pressing reverse-rotation ditching sowing fertilizing rice and wheat seeder is characterized by comprising a frame, a soil-retaining cover 1, a reverse rotary cultivator 2, a sowing front-pressing roller 3, a speed measuring wheel 4, a double-disc furrow opener 5, a single-hinge profiling pressing mechanism 6, a double-fertilizer box 8, a fertilizer applicator, a seed box 9, a seed sowing device, a packing auger 10, a reverse-rotation ditching cutter 11 and a ditch-protecting device 13; wherein, frame lower part front end is equipped with keeps off native cover 1 and reversal rotary cultivator 2, and the middle part is equipped with presses roller 3 before broadcasting, and the afterbody is equipped with two disc furrow openers 5 and single hinge profile modeling press mechanism 6, and frame upper portion is equipped with two fertile casees 8, fertilizer applicator, seed case 9 and seed metering ware.
As shown in attached figures 2 and 5, a reversed rotary cultivator 2 is provided with a herringbone rotary blade, a packing auger 10 is arranged on a shaft, a coaxial reversed rotary ditching blade 11 is arranged in the middle, a ditch protecting device 13 is arranged at the rear part, and a fixed blade 12 is assembled at the inner side of a soil retaining cover 1.
As shown in fig. 3, a plurality of trapezoidal teeth are arranged on the press roll before sowing, and the trapezoidal teeth are aligned with each row of the double-disc furrow opener at the rear.
As shown in fig. 4, the device further comprises a scraper 7, and the scraper 7 is arranged on the press roll 3 before sowing.
As shown in figure 6, the speed measuring land wheel is driven to rotate when the machine advances, the speed measuring land wheel transmits power to the seed shaft and the fertilizer shaft through chain transmission to drive the seed metering device to meter seed and fertilizer, and the speed of the speed measuring wheel is determined according to the advancing speed of the machine, so that the rotating speeds of the seed shaft and the fertilizer shaft are synchronously influenced, and the seed metering device and the fertilizer device are ensured to synchronously change according to the advancing speed of the machine.
As shown in the attached figure 7, the single-hinge profiling compacting mechanism is single-body profiling, each seeding single body is hinged with the frame and moves up and down along with the fluctuation of the ground, and compared with the integral profiling, the single-body profiling compacting mechanism is high in profiling precision and better in effect. In order to save the installation space of machines and tools and avoid the problems that the front-back distance of the whole machine is too long and the steering is inconvenient during field operation, the single-hinge back-position profiling mode is adopted for single body design.
The disc type furrow opener has small disturbance to soil, the disc moves forwards in a rolling mode during working, clay is not easy to block, a soil layer is not turned over, weeds can be effectively cut off, the operation performance is stable, and the double-disc furrow opener is used as a furrow opening device.
The profiling depth limiting device and the soil covering press wheel are main components of the seeder, the depth limiting wheel is very important for profiling effect, the soil covering press wheel can enable seeds to be in close contact with soil, water transfer and soil moisture preservation are facilitated, and the quality of the working quality of the machine directly limits the seeding quality. The design selects the back profiling, and the profiling device has the functions of soil covering and compacting.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921363225.8U CN210491600U (en) | 2019-08-21 | 2019-08-21 | Seeder capable of rotary tillage, crushing rod pressing, reverse rotation, ditching and fertilizing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921363225.8U CN210491600U (en) | 2019-08-21 | 2019-08-21 | Seeder capable of rotary tillage, crushing rod pressing, reverse rotation, ditching and fertilizing |
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| CN210491600U true CN210491600U (en) | 2020-05-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201921363225.8U Active CN210491600U (en) | 2019-08-21 | 2019-08-21 | Seeder capable of rotary tillage, crushing rod pressing, reverse rotation, ditching and fertilizing |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110393049A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-01 | 南京农业大学 | It is a kind of can rotary tillage broken bar suppression derotation ditching-fertilizing seeder and its working method |
| CN112335378A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-09 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Pneumatic precision seeding equipment and method for sowing corn in strip-shaped clean area |
-
2019
- 2019-08-21 CN CN201921363225.8U patent/CN210491600U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110393049A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-01 | 南京农业大学 | It is a kind of can rotary tillage broken bar suppression derotation ditching-fertilizing seeder and its working method |
| CN112335378A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-09 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Pneumatic precision seeding equipment and method for sowing corn in strip-shaped clean area |
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