CN209517877U - A compound operation machine for fertilizing, seeding, and ditching with rotary tillage and stubble removal in wet rotten fields - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a wet and rotten field paddy and wheat rotary tillage, stubble removal, fertilization, sowing and ditching compound operation machine, which comprises a frame, a coupling device, a sowing and fertilization device, a rotary tillage device, and a selective ditching device. device. The frame is the supporting part of the working machine; the hooking device is connected with the power mechanical suspension device; the sowing and fertilizing device is independently driven by the motor to perform fine and small amount of seed and fertilizer discharge; the rotary tiller includes a reverse rotary knife shaft group And the small forward-rotating knife shaft group, an adjustable baffle is set behind the reverse-rotating knife shaft group to relieve the wet soil and block the seed drop pipe. The positive-rotating small knife shaft group is used to cover seeds; the selective ditching device includes Pan, loose soil deflector, ditch finishing device, etc. The utility model has the advantages that the designed compound operation function can adapt to the operation conditions in the high-humidity zone, improve the weather adaptability and regional adaptability of the compound operation, realize the one-time operation of rice stubble and wheat sowing, improve the operation efficiency, and reduce the labor intensity.

Description

A compound operation machine for fertilizing, seeding, and ditching with rotary tillage and stubble removal in wet rotten fields

technical field

The utility model relates to a composite machine for sowing rice stubble and wheat, in particular a rice stubble rotary tillage, stubble removal, fertilization, sowing, ditching and compound operation machine suitable for field operations in high-humidity areas, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

In recent years, my country's joint operation tools have developed rapidly. It mainly includes sowing-fertilization combined operation machine, tillage-sowing combined operation machine, soil loosening-fertilization-film-mulching-hole planting combined operation machine, water application-sowing combined operation machine, film-laying and sowing combined operation machine, etc. Some units have started research on straw crushing and rotary tillage and sowing compound machines, and developed products with fewer models. However, most models are mainly aimed at conservation tillage in the north, and are not suitable for the characteristics of rice-wheat rotation in the south. A small number of models can complete crop straw crushing, root stubble removal, loose soil, sowing, fertilization, mulching, suppression and other operations at one time. Job defects.

For areas where rice and wheat are double-cropped, there is a lot of rain in the rice stubble cultivation season or there is excess water in the field, and the fields are wet and rotten. When rice stubble and wheat production operations are carried out in such high-humidity fields, wheeled tractors will sink, and it will be difficult to walk and cannot work. ;The wet soil thrown by the rotary tiller blade is easy to adhere to the seed drop pipe, resulting in poor seed discharge or blockage; the suppression of the seeds by the pressing wheel may take away the clay, resulting in unsatisfactory covering, and even taking away the seeds to cause uneven sowing; When the ditch machine opened the ditch, the ditch shape was irregular due to the adhesion of wet soil. At the same time, the ditch was opened and the soil was thrown back to make the ditch unclear. The existing production operation machinery is difficult to adapt to wet rotten land operation, and the integrated operation machinery for rice stubble, wheat fertilization and sowing in wet rotten fields needs to be studied.

Utility model content

(1) Solved technical problems

Aiming at the deficiencies of the current research technology, the utility model provides a wet rotten field paddy and wheat rotary tillage, stubble removal, fertilization, seeding and ditching compound operation machine to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

(2) Technical solution

In order to realize the one-time operation of rice stubble and wheat sowing and can adapt to the field operation in high-humidity zone, the utility model provides the following technical proposal: a wet and rotten field rice stubble and wheat rotary tillage, stubble removal, fertilization, sowing and ditching compound operation machine, including The frame of the load-carrying part of the compound working machine and the hooking device connected with the power machine; it is characterized in that: the hooking device is installed on the frame and connected with the power machine suspension device, and the brackets on both sides above the frame Install the fertilizer box and the seed box, wherein the one close to the power input shaft is the fertilizer box, the fertilizer discharger is installed under the fertilizer box, the seed meter is installed under the seed box, and the seed meter and the fertilizer discharger are arranged in the middle. The drive shaft passes through, the anti-rotation knife shaft group is installed on the brackets on both sides of the frame, and the adjustable baffle is installed on the rear end bracket of the anti-rotation knife shaft group. The seed drop pipe is welded on the frame. The seed drop pipe is correspondingly connected with the seed discharge port of the seed metering device, and the forward-rotating small knife shaft group is fixedly connected to the connecting plates on both sides of the rear end of the frame. A hydraulic lifting device is installed on the positive-rotating small knife shaft group. The transmission box is fixedly installed at the center of the two large beams. The left output shaft of the transmission box is transmitted to the left side box through a universal joint to drive the counter-rotating cutter shaft group. The right output shaft of the transmission box is connected to the selective ditching The upper gear box of the selective ditching machine, the right output shaft of the upper gear box of the selective ditching machine drives the positive rotation knife shaft group to work through the universal joint and chain transmission, and the longitudinal output shaft of the upper gear box of the selective ditching machine passes through The universal joint is connected to the lower gearbox of the selective trencher to provide ditching power, the lower gearbox of the selective trencher is on the right side of the body of the selective trencher, and the selective trencher includes the main bracket , arc-shaped bracket, cutter head, loose soil deflector, and shaping mechanism, the main bracket is connected to the frame through screw connection, the two sides of the loose soil deflector are welded to the main bracket, and the middle is welded to the arc-shaped bracket Above, the cutter head is at the center of the whole machine, and the shaping mechanism includes ditch clearing shovel, side shaping plate, front tilting bottom plate, and flat bottom plate, and the shaping mechanism is screwed to the tail end of the arc-shaped support.

Preferably, the adjustable baffle is arranged behind the reverse rotary cutter shaft, and the seed drop tube is arranged in the longitudinal position close to the back of the adjustable baffle, and is used to control the high viscosity of the rotary tillage during the working process. After the soil is beaten, it can avoid the attachment of rotary tillage wet soil to block the seeding pipe; There is a horizontal soil scraper on the inner side of the board. Generally, due to the rotation of the rotary tiller during work, it is difficult for the wet soil to form a thick attachment on the adjustable baffle. Once the wet soil forms a thick attachment, it can be manually removed during the work. Adjust up and down to scrape the soil, and after the work is completed, the soil can be manually scraped to clean the adjustable baffle.

Preferably, the forward-rotating small knife shaft group replaces the conventional pressing wheel for seed covering, avoiding that the pressing wheel in high-humidity areas may take away the clay, or even take away the seeds, resulting in unsatisfactory covering of seeds. Compared with the reverse rotary knife, the rotary tiller The arrangement of shaft groups is more sparse and the penetration depth is smaller than that of the reverse rotary tiller. The rotation direction of the shaft group is forward into the soil. The positive rotation makes the soil be turned down, avoiding the soil from splashing forward and reducing the impact on the blockage of the seed drop pipe. A hydraulic lifting device is installed on the positive rotating small knife shaft group, and the depth of covering soil can be adjusted according to the operation requirements.

Preferably, the loose soil deflector of the selective ditching machine is installed on an arc-shaped support, and the sheet metal configuration is optimized in combination with the direction of throwing soil and the angle of turning over soil, in order to avoid throwing the soil to the tail when ditching Fall into the trench that has been opened, stretch the arc of the tail end cover plate to prevent soil from returning, suppress and gather the thrown soil at the tail end, and gather it into the trench for reorganization of the trench shape.

Preferably, the shaping mechanism of the selective ditching machine includes a ditch clearing shovel, a side shaping plate, a front warped bottom plate, and a flat bottom plate. It is larger than the radius of the ditching cutter shaft to clear the back soil of the trench. The side shaping plate has a certain toe-in and camber to shape the groove. The bottom shaping plate is composed of two parts: the front warp and the flat bottom. The front of the bottom plate is high and the back is low, with a certain warping angle. Press all the returned soil in the trench to the bottom and compact it through the flat bottom plate. All back to the soil to ensure that the trench is clean, the shaping mechanism is screwed on the arc support through the U-shaped groove, and can be adjusted up and down according to the height of the trench.

Preferably, the rice stubble rotary tillage, stubble removal, fertilization, sowing, and ditching compound operation machine should choose a crawler tractor with appropriate power as the power machine, on the one hand, it can meet the field operation consumption of the corresponding power, and on the other hand, it can reduce the pressure of the wheeled tractor in the high-humidity field. The subsidence of the operation and the negative impact on soil compaction match the high-humidity working environment of the compound operation machine.

(3) Beneficial effects

Compared with the current proposal, the utility model provides a wet rotten field rice stubble rotary plowing, stubble removal, fertilization, sowing, ditching compound operation machine, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. Design a compound operation machine for rice stubble and wheat sowing that can realize rotary tillage, fertilization, sowing, covering soil, and ditching at one time. Labor intensity.

2. In the proposal of this rice stubble and wheat rotary tillage, stubble removal, fertilization, seeding and ditching compound operation machine, an adjustable baffle is set to solve the problem that the wet soil thrown by the rotary tiller blade is easy to adhere to the seed drop pipe, resulting in poor seeding or blockage. problems; using positive rotating small knife shaft group instead of pressing wheel solves the problems of pressing soil, seeding, and uneven seeding in wet soil; the loose soil deflector and shaping mechanism of the ditching machine solve the problem of uneven groove shape and groove shape. Unclear question. This type of machine can adapt to the integrated operation conditions of rice stubble and wheat sowing in wet rotten fields, meet the operation requirements, and improve the weather adaptability and regional adaptability of the compound operation.

3. This rice stubble, wheat rotary tillage, stubble removal, fertilization, sowing, and ditching compound operation machine uses a high-power crawler tractor as the tractor. On the one hand, it can meet the consumption of high-power field operations, and on the other hand, it can alleviate the subsidence of wheeled tractors in high-humidity fields. As well as the negative impact on soil compaction, further solve the impact of the tractor on the working environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall assembly diagram of the utility model;

In the figure: 1-frame, 2-hooking device, 3-fertilizer box, 4-seed box, 5-fertilizer discharger, 6-seed metering device, 7-reverse rotary cutter shaft group, 8-adjustable baffle , 9-dropping tube, 10-forward rotating small knife shaft group, 11-hydraulic lifting device, 12-transmission box, 13-upper gearbox of selective trencher, 14-lower gearbox of selective trencher, 15 - Selective trencher.

Fig. 2 is the assembly diagram of the utility model selective ditching machine;

Among the figure: 151-main support, 152-arc support, 153-cutter disc, 154-loose soil deflector, 155-shaping mechanism.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the shaping device of the present invention;

In the figure: 1551-ditch clearing shovel, 1552-side shaping plate, 1553-front warping bottom plate, 1554-flat bottom plate.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the shaping plate of the shaping device of the present invention;

Among the figure: 152-curved support, 1552-side shaping plate, 1553-front upturned bottom plate, 1554-flat bottom plate.

Detailed ways

Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and Fig. 4. The utility model provides a technical solution: a wet rotten field rice stubble rotary tillage, stubble removal, fertilization, sowing, ditching, and ditching compound operating machine, including The frame 1 and the hitch 2 connected with the power machinery, the hitch 2 is installed on the frame 1 and connected with the power machinery suspension. Fertilizer box 3 and seed box 4 are installed on the brackets on both sides above the frame 1, wherein the one near the power input shaft side is the fertilizer box 3, and the fertilizer discharger 5 is installed below the fertilizer box 3. The seed metering device 6 is installed under the seed box 4, and the motor independently and intelligently drives the seeding. According to the working ground conditions, the speed of the operating unit is accurately measured based on the Beidou navigation technology, and the forward speed of the unit is synchronized with the rotation speed of the sowing fertilizer shaft motor to achieve uniform rowing. kind. The anti-rotation knife shaft group 7 is installed on the brackets on both sides below the frame 1, and the adjustable baffle 8 is installed on the rear end bracket of the anti-rotation knife shaft group 7, and the adjustable baffle 8 is arranged on the anti-rotation knife shaft group 7 Finally, in the vertical position, the seed drop tube 9 is arranged close to the adjustable baffle 8, and the adjustable baffle 8 is used to control the back-beating of the wet soil with high viscosity of the rotary tillage during the working process, so as to avoid rotary tillage. Wet soil adheres to block the seed drop pipe 9; the adjustable baffle 8 has up and down adjustment tracks on the connecting plates on both sides, and a manual adjustment handle is provided outside the connecting plates on both sides, and there is a horizontal scraper on the inside of the adjustable baffle 8 Generally, during the working process, due to the rotation of the rotary tiller, it is difficult for the wet soil to form a thicker attachment on the adjustable baffle plate 8. Once the wet soil forms a thicker attachment, you can manually adjust up and down to scrape the soil. After the work is completed, you can Manual soil scraping carries out the cleaning and arrangement of the adjustable baffle plate 8. The seed drop pipe 9 is welded on the frame 1, and the seed drop pipe 9 corresponds to the seed discharge port of the seed meter 6 one by one, and is connected by a plastic hose. The forward-rotating small knife shaft group 10 is fixedly connected to the connecting plates on both sides of the rear end of the frame 1. The positive-rotating small knife shaft group 10 replaces the conventional pressing wheel for seed covering, avoiding that the pressing wheel in the high-humidity zone may take away the clay and even bring the seeds. Seed removal leads to unsatisfactory overplanting. Compared with the reverse rotary knife, the shaft group of the rotary tiller is more sparsely arranged and the penetration depth is smaller than that of the reverse rotary rotary tiller. Avoid soil splashing forward, and reduce the impact on the blockage of the seed drop tube. A hydraulic lifting device 11 is installed on the forward-rotating small cutter shaft group 10, and the up and down swing of the cutter shaft support is realized through the telescopic movement of the hydraulic cylinder, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the covering depth according to the operation requirements. The transmission box 12 is fixedly installed at the central position of the two large beams of the frame 1, the left output shaft of the transmission box 12 is transmitted to the left side box through a universal joint to drive the counter-rotating cutter shaft group 7, and the right output shaft of the transmission box 12 is connected to The upper gear box 13 of the selective ditching machine, the right output shaft of the upper gear box 13 of the selective ditching machine drives the positive rotation small knife shaft group 10 to work through the universal joint and chain transmission, the upper gear box 13 of the selective ditching machine The longitudinal output shaft is connected to the lower gear box 14 of the selective ditching machine through a universal joint to provide ditching power. The lower gear box 14 of the selective ditching machine is on the right side of the body of the selective ditching machine 15, and the selective ditching machine 15 comprises main support 151, arc support 152, cutter head 153, scattered soil deflector 154, shaping mechanism 155. The main bracket 151 is connected with the frame 1 through screw connection, the cutter head 153 is located in the center of the whole machine, the main bracket 151 is welded on both sides of the loose soil deflector 154, and the middle is welded on the arc-shaped bracket 152, combining the throwing direction and The tilting angle optimizes the sheet metal configuration of the loose soil deflector 154. In order to prevent the ditching soil from being thrown towards the tail end and falling into the already opened trench, the arc of the tail end cover plate is elongated to prevent soil return , to suppress and gather the thrown soil at the end, and gather it into the trench for reorganization of the trench pattern. The shaping mechanism 155 includes a ditch clearing shovel 1551, a side shaping plate 1552, a front warping bottom plate 1553, and a flat bottom plate 1554. The functions correspond to ditch clearing, side shaping and bottom surface shaping respectively. Radius, remove the back soil of the groove, the side shaping plate 1552 has a certain toe-in and camber, and carries out external support and shaping of the groove. The front is high and the rear is low, with a certain warping angle. Press all the back soil in the trench to the bottom and compact it through the flat bottom plate 1554. All back to the soil, to ensure that the trench is clean, the shaping mechanism 155 is screwed on the arc support 152 through the U-shaped groove, and can be adjusted up and down according to the height of the trench. Rice stubble rotary tillage, stubble removal, fertilization, sowing and ditching compound operation machine should choose a crawler tractor with appropriate power as the tractor. Negative effects such as large compaction, matching the high-humidity working environment where the compound working machine works.

working principle:

The power input of the compound operation machine is transmitted from the power output shaft of the power machine to the power input shaft of the transmission box through the universal joint, and then respectively output through the power output shaft of the transmission box to drive the reverse rotation knife shaft group and the forward rotation small knife shaft group and the selective opening. ditch machine. During the working process, the fertilizer and seed metering devices are respectively driven by the motor control. In the working direction, the fertilizer falls to the uncultivated field through the fertilizer discharge channel, and the reverse rotary knife shaft rotates to break the soil and mix the soil and fertilizer. , Seed-dropping tube and seed-discharging, light rotation of the forward-rotating knife shaft to cover the seeds with soil, the depth of the soil can be adjusted by the hydraulic lifting device, and the working state of the selective ditching device is adjusted by the hydraulic device.

Solve the problem of clay adhesion on the seed tube from the front and rear directions of the seed tube. The adjustable baffle is used in the front to block the wet soil that the counter-rotating knife shaft group pushes backwards, and the forward-rotating small knife shaft group is used to have a certain soil pressing function at the back to ensure that The soil throwing is not high to reduce the impact on the attachment and blockage of the seed drop tube, and at the same time, the small positive-rotating knife shaft group is used instead of the pressing wheel to solve the problems of soil, seed, and uneven seeding in wet soil;

The loose soil deflector and shaping mechanism of the ditching machine are based on the principle of structural modeling. The loose soil deflector elongates the arc of the cover plate to prevent the rear from returning to the trench. Radius, clear the groove back to the soil, the toe-in of the shaping board, the bottom front is high and the rear bottom is good to solve the problem of irregular groove shape and unclear groove shape.

This utility model has a new design for the composite machine according to the adhesion properties of wet soil, and can adapt to the integrated operation conditions of rice stubble and wheat sowing in wet and rotten fields to meet the operation requirements.

The utility model has been disclosed above with preferred implementations, but it is not intended to limit the utility model. All technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. The combined working machine 1. a kind of wet field Wheat After Getting Rice rotary tillage stubble-cleaning ferti-seeding is ditched, including as combined working machine load-bearing part Rack (1) and the hanging device (2) that is connect with dynamic power machine；It is characterized by: the hanging device (2) is mounted in rack (1) On, it is connect with dynamic power machine suspension arrangement, fertilizer box (3), plants case (4) is installed, wherein leaning on above the rack (1) on two lateral brackets Nearly power input shaft side is fertilizer box (3), installs fertilizer apparatus (5) below the fertilizer box (3), installation below the plants case (4) Feed mechanism for seed (6), the feed mechanism for seed (6), fertilizer apparatus (5) centre have drive shaft to pass through, on the bracket of rack (1) lower section two sides It installs derotation cutter shaft group (7), adjustable damper (8) is installed in derotation cutter shaft group (7) afterwards end breaket, welded on the rack (1) Planting pipe (9), the planting pipe (9) and the sowing port of feed mechanism for seed (6) are correspondingly connected with, two side connecting plates in rack (1) rear end On be fixedly connected with dextrorotation little cutter shaft group (10), hydraulic lifting apparatus (11) are installed on the dextrorotation little cutter shaft group (10), in rack (1) transmission case (12) are fixedly mounted in the center of two cross bearers, and the left output shaft of the transmission case (12) passes through universal joint It is transferred to left side side box driving derotation cutter shaft group (7), the right output shaft of the transmission case (12) is connected to selective ditching machine Upper gear box (13) the right output shaft of upper gear box (13), the selectivity ditching machine drives dextrorotation by universal joint and chain conveyer Upper gear box (13) vertical output shaft of little cutter shaft group (10) work, the selectivity ditching machine is connected to selection by universal joint Property ditching machine lower tooth roller box (14) provide trench digging power, it is described selectivity ditching machine lower tooth roller box (14) in selective trench digging Machine (15) right side of machine body, the selectivity ditching machine (15) include main support (151), arc bracket (152), cutterhead (153), dissipate Native deflector (154), reshaping device (155), the main support (151) realize mounting, the scattered soil with rack (1) by being spirally connected Deflector (154) two sides are welded on main support (151), and centre is welded on arc bracket (152), at the cutterhead (153) At complete machine center, the reshaping device (155) includes ditch cleaning shovel (1551), side trim panel (1552), the preceding bottom plate (1553), flat of sticking up Bottom plate (1554), the reshaping device (155) are screwed onto arc bracket (152) tail end.
2. The combined working machine 2. a kind of wet field Wheat After Getting Rice rotary tillage stubble-cleaning ferti-seeding according to claim 1 is ditched, it is special Sign is: the adjustable damper is arranged after derotation cutter shaft, after the arrangement of planting pipe abuts against adjustable damper in lengthwise position, To control rear the beating of the higher wet soil of viscosity of rotary tillage in the course of work, rotary tillage wet soil attachment blocking planting pipe is avoided；It is described Adjustable damper has up and down adjustment track on two side connecting plates, while being externally provided in two side connecting plates and manually adjusting handle, can There is one piece of lateral clean-up scraper on the inside of gear shift plate, generally during the work time due to the rotation of rotary blade so that wet soil is difficult to adjustable Thicker attachment is formed on baffle, when wet soil forms thicker attachment, can carry out up and down adjustment scraping manually during the work time, After the completion of work can manual scraping carry out the cleaning and tidying of adjustable damper.
3. The combined working machine 3. a kind of wet field Wheat After Getting Rice rotary tillage stubble-cleaning ferti-seeding according to claim 1 is ditched, it is special Sign is: the dextrorotation little cutter shaft group replaces conventional press wheel to carry out seed earthing, and high humidity area press wheel is avoided to suppress seed Clay may be taken away, or even take away seed to cause to cover kind undesirable, rotary blade is more sparse compared to the arrangement of derotation cutter shaft group and enters Native depth is less than derotation rotary blade, and cutter shaft group rotation direction is buried for forward direction, and dextrorotation makes pushing of digging, and soil is avoided to splash forward, Planting blockage is influenced to reduce, hydraulic lifting apparatus is installed in the dextrorotation little cutter shaft group, earthing can be adjusted by job requirements Depth.
4. The combined working machine 4. a kind of wet field Wheat After Getting Rice rotary tillage stubble-cleaning ferti-seeding according to claim 1 is ditched, it is special Sign is: the scattered native deflector of the selectivity ditching machine is mounted on arc bracket, in conjunction with throw the earthwork to angle pair of digging Metal plate configuration optimizes, and drops into the groove held successfully to avoid trench digging from throwing native caudad dish out, elongates tail end cover plate arc Shape prevents back soil, throws soil to tail end and carries out inhibition gathering, collapses and arranges again into groove progress ditch type.
5. The combined working machine 5. a kind of wet field Wheat After Getting Rice rotary tillage stubble-cleaning ferti-seeding according to claim 1 is ditched, it is special Sign is: the reshaping device of the selectivity ditching machine include ditch cleaning shovel, side trim panel, it is preceding stick up bottom plate, flat underside, function is distinguished Ditch cleaning, side shaping and bottom surface shaping are corresponded to, ditch cleaning shovels cambered surface radius slightly larger than trench digging cutter shaft radius, removes returning for groove Soil, side trim panel have certain toe-in and flare, carry out outer support plastotype to groove, bottom surface shaping plate is by preceding sticking up bottom plate and flat underside Two parts composition, it is preceding to stick up bottom plate the front is high and the back is low, there is certain warpage angle, the soil that returns of groove is all pressed into bottom surface, and through flat Bottom plate is compacted, and for the setting of flat underside depression depths slightly larger than trench digging prescribed depth, the whole being compacted in groove returns soil, guarantees ditch Slot is clean and tidy, and the reshaping device is screwed on arc bracket by U-type groove, and can be according to adjustable above and below trench digging requirement for height.
6. The combined working machine 6. a kind of wet field Wheat After Getting Rice rotary tillage stubble-cleaning ferti-seeding according to claim 1 is ditched, it is special Sign is: the Wheat After Getting Rice rotary tillage stubble-cleaning ferti-seeding trench digging multiple operation principles of action select the suitable caterpillar tractor of power to make For dynamic power machine, on the one hand meet the farm work consumption of corresponding power, on the other hand mitigates wheeled tractor in high humidity field Operation sink and to soil compression it is big it is equal negatively affect, the high moisture work environment that matching combined working machine works.