CN105379458A - Universal stubble-cleaning no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine for rice and wheat - Google Patents

Abstract

A general-purpose stubble removal and no-tillage fertilization seeder for rice and wheat, including a frame, a ground wheel, a reverse stubble removal device, an integrated device for fertilizing and seeding, a fertilizer discharger, a seed metering device, an anti-congestion device, a suppression device, and a soil scraper. The forward direction, from front to back, is the ground wheel, the ground wheel is installed on the frame, the straight knife and the machete on the knife shaft of the reverse stubble removal device are distributed at intervals, the fertilization opener and the seeder respectively pass through the fertilizer pipe, the seed pipe and the upper The fertilizer discharger is connected to the seed metering device. The shape of the seed drop at the lower end of the seeder is a dovetail groove with a certain width. When working, a predetermined depth of seedbed is opened on the surface of the ground. The gap between the fertilization ditch opener and the seeder is installed. The congestion knife shaft realizes the secondary anti-congestion function, the reverse stubble removal device throws the soil to cover the seeds, and the suppression device completes the suppression, and the soil scraper scrapes off the excess soil on the sowing belt. The effect is good, the labor intensity is reduced, and the efficiency is high.

Description

A universal stubble removal and no-tillage fertilization seeder for rice and wheat

technical field

The invention provides a general-purpose stubble removal and no-tillage fertilization seeder for rice and wheat, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural sowing.

technical background

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. At present, rice no-tillage and dry direct seeding technology lacks mature supporting sowing equipment. Generally, wheat seeders are used for rice sowing. Before sowing, the land needs to be plowed, which is not no-tillage sowing. And there are problems such as difficult adjustment of equipment and inaccurate broadcast volume. The development of rice and wheat general-purpose stubble removal and no-tillage fertilization seeder will realize one machine with dual purposes, wide row and wide seedling belt sowing operation, which is conducive to increasing production and efficiency; and simplify the structure of the machine tool to reduce the cost of machine production; the development of the machine tool will speed up the technology of rice direct seeding To solve the problems of dry direct seeding of rice and unmatched machinery and tools in rice-wheat rotation areas.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a universal stubble removal and no-tillage fertilization planter for rice and wheat that can realize the above functions and is innovative in integration, and its technical content is as follows.

A general-purpose stubble removal and no-tillage fertilization seeder for rice and wheat, including a frame, two ground wheels installed on the frame, a reverse stubble removal device, an integrated device for fertilizing and seeding, and an anti-blocking knife shaft installed on the integrated device for fertilizing and seeding Between the fertilization ditch opener and the dovetail trough-type seed drop of the seeder, the suppression device, soil scraping device, and fertilizer box are installed above the frame. Along the direction of travel, the reverse stubble removal device is fixed behind the ground wheel. The depth is adjusted by the ground wheel. The reverse stubble removal device is composed of a knife shaft, a straight knife and a curved knife. The straight knife and the curved knife are evenly spaced on the knife shaft. Anti-sticking treatment on the surface, the installation position of the straight knife corresponds to the position of the seed bed belt, the straight knife is 15cm longer than the curved knife, the straight knife cuts off the stubble of the seed bed belt and deeply loosens the seed bed belt, the machete throws the root stubble and soil, Covering the seedbed belt, the fertilization and seeding integrated device is fixed behind the reverse stubble removal device. One end is a fertilization ditch opener, and the other end is a dovetail trough-type seed drop. When sowing, the dovetail trough-type seed drop is opened to a predetermined depth The seed bed belt, the seeds fall on the seed bed belt, the seeds are distributed densely on the side and sparse in the middle, the soil thrown up by the reverse stubble removal device is covered on the seed bed belt, and the suppression is completed by the suppression device, and the two sides of each group of fertilization and seeding integrated devices Two scimitars are installed on both sides. Driven by the power, the scimitar rotates and sprinkles soil, which solves the secondary anti-congestion function. The pressing wheels in the pressing device correspond to the sowing and fertilizing belts, and the rear end of the frame is fixed with a soil scraping device.

The general-purpose stubble removal and no-tillage fertilization seeder for rice and wheat is characterized in that: the fertilization opener of the fertilization and seeding integrated device and the dovetail groove type seed drop column are welded together by the fixing plate, and the height in the vertical direction is connected with the machine. The U-shaped bolts connected to the frame are adjusted, and the height of the dovetail groove can be adjusted to control the sowing depth by adjusting the bolt. When working, the dovetail groove opens a seedbed belt of a predetermined depth.

Its working principle is as follows: along the forward direction of the machine, there are ground wheels from front to back. The ground wheels are installed on the frame, and the height of the ground wheels is adjusted to adjust the depth of stubble removal and soil rotation; the output shaft of the tractor provides power, and the stubble removal is driven by gear transmission. The device cuts off the stubble by reversing the stubble removal device, and the stubble is thrown backward and buried under the soil layer; the fertilization ditch opener is welded with the seeder column through the connecting plate, and fixed on the frame by U-shaped bolts; fertilization ditching The device and the seeder are respectively connected to the upper fertilizer discharger and the seeder through the fertilizer pipe and the seed pipe. The seed drop at the lower end of the seeder is a dovetail groove type, which is close to the surface to achieve wide-width sowing, and the seeds are distributed densely on the side and sparse in the middle; fertilization An anti-blocking knife shaft is installed in the gap between the opener and the seeder, and the power of the knife shaft is also provided by the output shaft of the tractor. The anti-blocking knife shaft is equipped with an anti-blocking machete, and a machete is arranged at both ends of the integrated fertilization and seeding device Realize anti-congestion function; the reverse stubble removal and anti-congestion device throws the soil to cover the seeds, and the suppression device completes the suppression; the scraper scrapes the excess soil on the sowing belt.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages.

1. There is no need to plow the soil before fertilization and sowing, and the stubble is directly removed by the reverse stubble removal device, which saves costs.

2. The seed bed is covered with soil by throwing soil through the reverse stubble removal device, without the need for a soil cover device.

3. The height of the fertilization and seeding integrated device is easy to adjust synchronously, so that the height of the dovetail groove can be adjusted independently to control the sowing depth, and the installation is simple.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of components of an integrated fertilization and seeding device in an embodiment of the present invention.

Among them, in the figure 1, frame 2, ground wheel 3, reverse stubble removal device 4, straight knife 5, fertilization and seeding integrated device 6, fertilization ditch opener 7, knife shaft 8, dovetail groove type seed drop port 9, adjustment bolt 10. Suppressing device 11, soil scraping device 12, seed fertilizer box 13, fixing plate.

Specific embodiments: specific embodiments: as shown in Figure 1, along the forward direction of the machine, the ground wheel 2 is installed on the frame 1, and the two ends of the cutter shaft of the reverse stubble removal device 3 are installed on the two sides of the frame, through the gear box It transmits power with the output shaft of the tractor. Adjusting the height of the ground wheel 2 can control the soil rotation depth of the reverse stubble cutter to adjust the amount of soil covering the seed bed. The straight knife 4 on the reverse stubble removal device 3 corresponds to the arrangement of the seed bed belt. The seed bed belt is deep loosened, and the fertilization and seeding integrated device 5 has a fertilization ditch opener 6 at the front end and a dovetail groove seed drop opening 8 at the rear end. The seeds fall into the seed bed belt at a predetermined depth, and the soil thrown back by the machete of the reverse stubble removal device 3 covers the seeds to complete the soil covering; the machete of the anti-clogging device 7 is arranged in the fertilization and seeding integrated device 5, the straw and weeds on the seed bed belt are removed to ensure the passability of the machine. The soil covered on the seed bed belt is suppressed by the suppression wheel of the suppression device 10, and the sowing belt is removed by the suppression and scraping device 11. Scrape off excess soil.

Claims (2)

1. the general stubble-cleaning no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine of rice wheat, comprise frame (1), be arranged on two land wheels (2) in frame (1), reversion stubble-clearing device (3), ferti-seeding integrated apparatus (5), the anti-cutter shaft (7) that blocks up is installed between applicator boot (6) on ferti-seeding integrated apparatus (5) and seeder dovetail groove type planting mouth (8), suppression device (10), earth scraping device (11), seed-fertilizer box (12) is installed on frame (1) top, it is characterized in that: along direct of travel, land wheel (2) rear is fixed in reversion stubble-clearing device (3), stubble-cleaning is revolved the native degree of depth and is regulated by land wheel (2), reversion stubble-clearing device (3) is by cutter shaft (7), straight knife (4) and tulwar composition, straight knife (4) and tulwar are in the upper uniform intervals distribution of cutter shaft (7), straight knife (4) improves hardness by Nitrizing Treatment and carries out surface anti sticking process by infiltrating Nuciferine, straight knife installation site correspondence plants bed band position, straight knife (4) 15cm longer than tulwar, straight knife (4) cut off kind of bed band root stubble and to kind of a bed band subsoiling, root stubble and soil are dished out by tulwar, be covered in kind of a bed band, ferti-seeding integrated apparatus (5) is fixed on the rear of reversion stubble-clearing device (3), one end is applicator boot (6), the other end is dovetail groove type planting mouth (8), during sowing, dovetail groove type planting mouth (8) outputs the kind bed band of desired depth, seed falls into kind of a bed and brings, seed is distributed as Bian Mizhong and dredges, the soil that reversion stubble-clearing device (3) is thrown is covered in kind of a bed and brings, suppression is completed by suppression device (10), often organize ferti-seeding integrated apparatus (5) both sides and two tulwars are all installed, tulwar is under the drive of power, rotary spreading earth, solve the anti-function of blocking up of secondary, press wheel in suppression device (10) corresponds respectively to seeding and fertilizing band, the rearmost end of frame (1) fixes earth scraping device (11).

2. the general stubble-cleaning no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine of rice wheat as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the applicator boot (6) of ferti-seeding integrated apparatus (5) and dovetail groove type planting mouth (8) column are welded together by fixed head (13), height in vertical direction is regulated by the U-bolt be connected with frame (1), dovetail groove height can pass through adjusting bolt (9) regulable control sowing depth, and during work, the kind bed band of desired depth outputed by dovetail groove.