CN207665436U - Combine is broadcasted sowing in a kind of site preparation subsoiling layer by layer manuring - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a combined operation machine for soil preparation, subsoiling, layered fertilization and spreading, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and comprises a frame connected with a tractor by means of a suspension frame and equipped with a depth-limiting mechanism. Tillage mechanism, fertilization mechanism and seeding mechanism, the rotary tillage mechanism is the rotation direction that the upper end moves backward, and a soil retaining plate and a soil covering mechanism are arranged in sequence between the rotary tillage mechanism and the seeding mechanism, and the soil retaining plate moves the rotary tillage mechanism to The soil that is thrown out after that is diverted and falls on the top of the shallow fertilizer and the soil covering mechanism respectively. The soil covering mechanism is a chain transmission mechanism or a belt transmission mechanism. Precise control, the fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizer box and a deep loosening shovel fixedly connected to the frame, as well as a shallow fertilizer pipe and a deep fertilizer pipe connected to the fertilizer box to fertilize in different soil depths respectively. This machine integrates multiple functions , Significantly improve the operation effect.

Description

A joint operation machine for soil preparation, deep loosening, layered fertilization and spreading

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a combined operation machine for soil preparation, subsoiling, layered fertilization and spreading.

Background technique

Combined operating machines in agricultural machinery generally include basic functions such as rotary tillage, fertilization, seeding, and suppression. However, the existing combined operating machines cannot well realize the simultaneous fertilization of shallow and deep layers at one time. Simultaneous fertilization of shallow and deep layers at one time can To improve operation efficiency, there is also an operating mechanism for layered fertilization in the prior art, but the following problems will occur when it is applied to a combined operation machine: 1) After shallow fertilization, it is easy to have insufficient or even exposed shallow fertilizer covering soil. If it is not utilized, it will also destroy the soil quality; 2) the seeds sown in the subsequent sowing process will not reach the sowing depth, and the direct contact between the seeds and the shallow fertilizer will also damage the seeds, and the survival rate of exposed seeds will be lower. will decrease, resulting in a reduction in production. To sum up, in view of the above problems, the field needs to improve the combined operation machine.

Utility model content

The utility model overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a joint operation machine for soil preparation, subsoiling, layered fertilization and spreading, which can integrate mechanisms such as crushing, rotary tillage, layered fertilization, soil covering, sowing, and suppression. Effectively improve the shallow layer of fertilizer after layered fertilization, the problem of sowing grains covered with soil, and significantly improve the survival rate.

Concrete technical scheme of the present utility model is:

A combined operation machine for soil preparation, subsoiling, layered fertilization and spreading, the operation machine includes a frame connected with a tractor by means of a suspension frame and having a depth-limiting mechanism, and the frame is sequentially provided with a rotary tillage mechanism, Mechanism and seeding mechanism, the key point is that the rotary tillage mechanism is in the direction of rotation in which the upper end moves backward, and a soil retaining plate and a soil covering mechanism are sequentially arranged between the rotary tillage mechanism and the seeding mechanism, and the soil retaining plate is located at the fertilization At the rear of the mechanism, the soil-covering mechanism is a chain transmission mechanism or a belt transmission mechanism whose end extends to the top of the output end of the seeding mechanism. The rotating body of the chain transmission mechanism and the belt transmission mechanism is provided with evenly distributed soil-carrying plates.

The soil retaining plate is in an inclined form with a high front and a low rear, and a rotating adjustment plate is arranged on the upper end.

The fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizer box, a sheave mechanism located at the bottom of the fertilizer box, a shallow fertilizer pipe and a deep fertilizer pipe connected to the output end of the fertilizer box, a subsoiling shovel at the lower end of the frame, a shallow fertilizer pipe and a deep fertilizer pipe. The ends of the fertilizer pipes are fixed on the rear side of the subsoiling shovel. The working depth of the subsoiling shovel is 30-50cm, the working depth of the bottom output end of the shallow fertilizer pipe is 4-8cm, and the working depth of the bottom output end of the deep fertilizer pipe is 20cm. -30cm.

The sowing mechanism includes a seed box, a seeding mechanism and a seed delivery pipe connected in sequence below the seed box, and a seed spreading device is arranged at the output end of the seed delivery pipe, and the seed spreading device is a seed spreading channel gradually widened at the outer end , a group of evenly distributed seed blocking posts are arranged at the end of the seed-dispersing channel.

The depth limiting mechanism is a pressing roller arranged at the rear end of the soil covering mechanism.

The front end of the rotary cultivating mechanism is provided with a crushing mechanism.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model concentrates functions such as crushing, rotary tillage, fertilization, sowing and suppression on one combined operation machine, provides a better loose soil state for layered fertilization through rotary tillage, and layered fertilization The resulting less amount of soil for sowing is improved by the soil retaining plate and the soil covering mechanism. The soil retaining plate guides the soil swirled by the rotary tillage mechanism to the top of the shallow fertilizer and the soil covering mechanism respectively, and the soil covering mechanism transfers the obtained The soil is conveyed and scattered above the output end of the sowing mechanism, thus ensuring the precise operation of the shallow fertilizer covering soil and the seed grain covering soil after sowing, avoiding the waste of the shallow fertilizer exposure and the low survival rate caused by the exposed seeds and the thin covering soil layer after sowing. In the low case, the combined operation machine in the utility model can realize one machine with multiple functions, and one operation can realize the crushing work of the last stubble and the suppression work after the next stubble sowing, without additional operation, saving multiple The equipment cost, labor cost and time cost for the equipment to be operated in the field one by one have improved the degree of agricultural mechanization, and improved the problems of fertilizer and sowing soil under the state of layered fertilization, greatly improving the survival rate of sowing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seed-dispersing channel.

In the accompanying drawings, 1, suspension frame, 2, frame, 3, soil retaining plate, 301, rotation adjustment plate, 4, soil covering mechanism, 401, soil carrying plate, 5, fertilizer box, 501, shallow layer fertilizer pipe, 502 , deep layer fertilizer pipe, 6, seed box, 601, seed delivery pipe, 7, loose seed channel, 701, seed blocking post, 8, pressing roller, 9, subsoiling shovel, 10, rotary tillage mechanism, 11, crushing mechanism.

Detailed ways

The utility model relates to a combined operation machine for soil preparation, subsoiling, layered fertilization and spreading. The operation machine includes a frame 2 connected with a tractor by means of a suspension frame 1 and equipped with a depth-limiting mechanism. The frame 2 is arranged from front to back. A rotary tillage mechanism 10, a fertilizing mechanism and a seeding mechanism are provided, and the rotary tillage mechanism 10 is in a rotation direction in which the upper end moves backward, and a soil retaining plate 3 and a soil cover are sequentially arranged between the rotary tillage mechanism 10 and the seeding mechanism. Mechanism 4, the retaining plate 3 is located at the rear of the fertilization mechanism, and the soil covering mechanism 4 is a chain transmission mechanism or a belt transmission mechanism whose end extends to the output end of the sowing mechanism. The rotating body of the chain transmission mechanism and the belt transmission mechanism is provided with uniform Soil plate 401 .

Specific embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, after last stubble crop is harvested, this work machine enters in the ground and carries out the planting of next stubble crop, this work machine is connected to the tractor rear end by means of suspension frame 1, and work machine A gearbox is installed on the frame 2, and the power output end of the tractor outputs torque to the frame 2 by means of the gearbox, thereby providing power sources to various mechanisms.

The front end of the rotary tillage mechanism 10 is provided with a crushing mechanism 11. The crushing mechanism 11 crushes the harvested straw and stubble of the previous stubble crops, and then spreads them on the ground, which can not only reduce the evaporation loss of water in the soil, but also increase the moisture loss after rainfall. The water absorption of the soil, and then after rotary tillage, the crushed straw mixed into the soil can improve the soil quality and provide nutrients for the seeds. Crushing and rotary tillage provide a relatively loose and good soil environment for sowing;

Since the distribution depths of the roots in the initial stage of crop growth and the late stage of growth are different, and the required fertilizer nutrients are also different, the method of layered fertilization can better meet the growth needs of crops in different periods. The grooved wheel mechanism at the bottom of 5 and the shallow layer fertilizer pipe 501 and the deep layer fertilizer pipe 502 connected to the output end of the fertilizer box 5 also include the subsoiling shovel 9 at the lower end of the frame 2, the ends of the shallow layer fertilizer pipe 501 and the deep layer fertilizer pipe 502 All are fixed on the rear side of deep loosening shovel 9, and the working depth of deep loosening shovel 9 is 40cm, and the bottom output end working depth of shallow layer fertilizer pipe 501 is 6cm, and the bottom output end working depth of deep layer fertilizer pipe 502 is 25cm, and fertilizer box 5 Comprise the shallow layer fertilizer box that links to each other with shallow layer fertilizer pipe 501 and the deep layer fertilizer box that links to each other with deep layer fertilizer pipe 502, shallow layer fertilizer box and deep layer fertilizer box are respectively equipped with the fertilizer kind that growth initial stage and growth stage need, fertilizer box 5 A grooved wheel mechanism is arranged at the bottom, and the grooved wheel mechanism transports the fertilizer at the output end of the bottom of the fertilizer box 5 downward;

During layered fertilization, due to the large volume of the deep loosening shovel 9, the deep layer fertilizer pipe 502 and the shallow layer fertilizer pipe 501, the gully produced after fertilization is more obvious, and the shallow layer fertilizer after fertilization has the phenomenon of soil cover or not, and the fertilizer is on the surface. If it cannot be used, it will not only cause waste, but also the fertilizer residue will damage the soil quality. The soil retaining plate 3 between the fertilization mechanism and the seeding mechanism divides the soil swirled by the rotary tillage mechanism and guides it to the surface of the shallow fertilizer and the soil covering mechanism respectively. 4, the soil covering mechanism 4 adopts a belt transmission mechanism, and the belt surface on the belt transmission mechanism is vertically provided with a soil-carrying plate 401 that can carry soil. Precise soil covering on the top, the output soil is mixed with the seed grains from the seeding mechanism during the sowing process, and then falls on the top of the shallow fertilizer, which can not only avoid the fertilizer burning caused by the direct contact of the seed grains with the fertilizer, but also avoid the seed grains After sowing bare, the survival rate of seeds is significantly improved;

In order to be able to adjust between different soil covering amounts, the soil retaining plate 3 is in the form of a slope with a high front and a low rear, and a rotating adjustment plate 301 is arranged on its upper end. When more soil needs to be diverted to the soil covering mechanism, this Turn the adjustment plate 301 to swing forward, and when it is necessary to reduce the soil on the covering mechanism 4, turn the adjusting plate 301 to swing backward; at the same time, in order to avoid the situation that the soil that crosses the earth retaining plate 3 does not fall on the earth covering mechanism 4, in the retaining The lower end of the soil plate 3 is provided with a drainage plate extending above the output end of the sowing mechanism, and the soil that does not fall on the soil covering mechanism 4 flows to the top of the output end of the sowing mechanism along the slope at the rear side of the soil retaining plate 3 and the drainage effect of the drainage plate;

The sowing mechanism includes a seed box 6, a seeding mechanism and a seed delivery pipe 601 connected in sequence below the seed box 6, and a seed spreading device is arranged at the output end of the seed delivery pipe 601, and the seed spreading device is a seed spreading device whose outer end gradually widens. Passage 7, the end of scattered seed passage 7 is provided with a group of evenly distributed seed blocking columns 701, and the seed grains in the seed box 6 enter the seed delivery pipe 601 after the seed discharge mechanism, and then the blocking seed posts 701 in the scattered seed passage are opposite to the seeds. The grains are impacted and scattered, and the seed grains form the required sowing row width after being scattered through the seeding channel 7.

The depth-limiting mechanism is the pressure roller 8 arranged at the rear end of the soil-covering mechanism. After the pressure operation of the pressure roller 8, the soil after sowing is dense, which helps to preserve moisture. The deep wheel, after leaving the sowing area, lifts the frame 2 through the suspension frame 1 so as to leave the ground, and the tractor carries the working machine to move flexibly.

The utility model realizes the diversion of the soil swirled by the rotary tillage mechanism 10 through the soil retaining plate 3, and the soil covering mechanism realizes that the soil is accurately covered on the sown grains, and the problem of the amount of soil covering on the surface of the shallow fertilizer and the seed grains is improved, and at the same time Playing the role of leveling the land, the operation machine combines crushing, rotary tillage, fertilization, soil covering and sowing, which significantly saves operating costs, improves the utilization rate of fertilizers and the survival rate of seed grains, and significantly improves the operation of the operation machine. Effect.

Claims (7)

1. A combined operation machine for soil preparation, deep loosening, layered fertilization and spreading, this operation machine includes a frame (2) that is connected with a tractor by means of a suspension frame (1) and has a depth-limiting mechanism, and the frame (2) is composed of A rotary tillage mechanism (10), a fertilizing mechanism and a seeding mechanism are arranged in sequence from front to back, and it is characterized in that: the rotary tillage mechanism (10) is a rotation direction in which the upper end moves backward, and the rotary tillage mechanism (10) A soil retaining plate (3) and a soil covering mechanism (4) are arranged sequentially between the seeding mechanism, the soil retaining plate (3) is located behind the fertilization mechanism, and the soil covering mechanism (4) is a chain drive whose end extends above the output end of the seeding mechanism Evenly distributed soil-carrying plates (401) are arranged on the rotating body of the mechanism or the belt transmission mechanism, the chain transmission mechanism and the belt transmission mechanism. 2. A combined operation machine for soil preparation, subsoiling, layered fertilization and spreading according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil retaining plate (3) is in the form of a slope with a high front and a low rear, and the upper end is provided with a rotation adjustment plate (301). 3. A combined operation machine for soil preparation, subsoiling, layered fertilization and spreading according to claim 1, characterized in that: said fertilization mechanism comprises a fertilizer box (5), a sheave mechanism positioned at the bottom of the fertilizer box (5) and The shallow layer fertilizer pipe (501) and the deep layer fertilizer pipe (502) that are connected with the output end of the fertilizer box (5) also include the subsoiling shovel (9) at the lower end of the frame (2), the shallow layer fertilizer pipe (501) and the deep layer fertilizer pipe (501) The ends of the fertilizer pipes (502) are all fixed on the rear side of the deep loosening shovel (9), the working depth of the deep loosening shovel (9) is 30-50cm, and the working depth of the bottom output end of the shallow fertilizer pipe (501) is 4-8cm , the working depth of the bottom output end of the deep layer fertilizer pipe (502) is 20-30cm. 4. A combined operation machine for soil preparation, subsoiling, layered fertilization and spreading according to claim 3, characterized in that: said fertilizer box (5) includes a shallow fertilizer box connected to a shallow fertilizer pipe (501) and The deep layer fertilizer box that links to each other with deep layer fertilizer pipe (502). 5. A combined operation machine for soil preparation, subsoiling, layered fertilization and spreading and sowing according to claim 1, characterized in that: said sowing mechanism includes a seed box (6) and a seed row connected sequentially below the seed box (6). Mechanism and seed delivery pipe (601), the position of the output end of seed delivery pipe (601) is provided with loose seed device, and the loose seed device is the loose seed channel (7) that the outer end gradually widens, and the end of the scattered seed channel (7) A group of evenly distributed seed blocking posts (701) are arranged. 6. A combined operation machine for soil preparation, subsoiling, layered fertilization and spreading according to claim 1, characterized in that: the depth limiting mechanism is a pressing roller (8) arranged at the rear end of the seeding mechanism. 7 . The combined operation machine for soil preparation, subsoiling, layered fertilization and spreading and sowing according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the front end of the rotary tillage mechanism ( 10 ) is provided with a crushing mechanism ( 11 ).