CN105379458B - A kind of general stubble-cleaning no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine of rice and kernel - Google Patents
A kind of general stubble-cleaning no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine of rice and kernel Download PDFInfo
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- CN105379458B CN105379458B CN201510688661.2A CN201510688661A CN105379458B CN 105379458 B CN105379458 B CN 105379458B CN 201510688661 A CN201510688661 A CN 201510688661A CN 105379458 B CN105379458 B CN 105379458B
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- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241001063191 Elops affinis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000002756 Erythrina berteroana Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- HKPHPIREJKHECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butachlor Chemical compound CCCCOCN(C(=O)CCl)C1=C(CC)C=CC=C1CC HKPHPIREJKHECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- YXVXMURDCBMPRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lirinidine Natural products C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C(O)C(OC)=CC3=C2C1N(C)CC3 YXVXMURDCBMPRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ORJVQPIHKOARKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nuciferine Natural products C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C(OC)C(OC)=CC3=C2C1N(C)CC3 ORJVQPIHKOARKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000181 anti-adherent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- ORJVQPIHKOARKV-OAHLLOKOSA-N nuciferine Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C(OC)C(OC)=CC3=C2[C@@H]1N(C)CC3 ORJVQPIHKOARKV-OAHLLOKOSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000359 Triticum dicoccon Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
一种稻麦通用灭茬免耕施肥播种机，包括机架、地轮、反转灭茬装置、施肥播种一体化装置、排肥器、排种器、防拥堵装置、镇压装置和刮土器，沿机器前进方向，自前向后依次为地轮，地轮安装于机架上，反转灭茬装置刀轴上直刀和弯刀间隔分布，施肥开沟器和播种器分别通过肥管、种管与上位排肥器和排种器连接，播种器下端落种口形状为一定宽度的燕尾槽式，工作时在地表开出预定深度种床带，施肥开沟器和播种器之间的间隙安装有防拥堵刀轴实现二次防拥堵功能，反转灭茬装置将土抛起覆盖种子，由镇压装置完成镇压，刮土器将播种带上多余土刮平，本发明一机两用，节约成本，施肥播种效果良好，减轻劳动强度，效率较高。
A general-purpose stubble removal and no-tillage fertilization seeder for rice and wheat, including a frame, a ground wheel, a reverse stubble removal device, an integrated device for fertilizing and seeding, a fertilizer discharger, a seed metering device, an anti-congestion device, a suppression device, and a soil scraper. The forward direction, from front to back, is the ground wheel, the ground wheel is installed on the frame, the straight knife and the machete on the knife shaft of the reverse stubble removal device are distributed at intervals, the fertilization opener and the seeder respectively pass through the fertilizer pipe, the seed pipe and the upper The fertilizer discharger is connected to the seed metering device. The shape of the seed drop at the lower end of the seeder is a dovetail groove with a certain width. When working, a predetermined depth of seedbed is formed on the surface of the ground. The gap between the fertilization ditch opener and the seeder is installed with an anti-corrosion device. The congestion cutter shaft realizes the secondary anti-congestion function, the reverse stubble removal device throws the soil to cover the seeds, and the suppression device completes the suppression, and the soil scraper scrapes the excess soil on the sowing belt. The effect is good, the labor intensity is reduced, and the efficiency is high.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明提供一种稻麦通用灭茬免耕施肥播种机，属于农业播种技术领域。The invention provides a rice and wheat universal stubble removal no-tillage and fertilization seeder, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural sowing.
背景 技术背景background technical background
本发明属于农业机械领域。目前水稻免耕旱直播技术缺乏成熟配套的播种机具，一般采用小麦播种机进行水稻播种，播种前需要耕翻土地，不属于免耕播种。并且存在机具调整困难、播量不准确等问题。研制稻麦通用灭茬免耕施肥播种机将实现一机两用、宽行宽苗带播种作业，有利于增产增效；并且简化机具结构，降低机器制作成本；该机具的研制将加快水稻直播技术的推广，解决水稻旱直播和稻麦轮作区机具不配套等问题。The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. At present, rice no-tillage and dry direct seeding technology lacks mature supporting sowing equipment. Generally, wheat seeders are used for rice sowing. Before sowing, the land needs to be plowed, which is not no-tillage sowing. And there are problems such as difficult adjustment of equipment and inaccurate broadcast volume. The development of rice and wheat general-purpose stubble removal and no-tillage fertilization seeder will realize one machine with dual purposes, wide row and wide seedling belt sowing operation, which is conducive to increasing production and efficiency; and simplify the structure of the machine tool to reduce the cost of machine production; the development of the machine tool will speed up the technology of rice direct seeding The popularization of rice and rice to solve the problems of dry direct seeding and rice-wheat rotation areas.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种能够实现上述功能、集成创新的稻麦通用灭茬免耕施肥播种机，其技术内容为。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a universal stubble removal and no-tillage fertilization planter for rice and wheat that can realize the above functions and is innovative in integration, and its technical content is as follows.
一种稻麦通用灭茬免耕施肥播种机，包括机架、安装在机架上的两个地轮、反转灭茬装置、施肥播种一体化装置、防拥堵刀轴安装于施肥播种一体化装置上的施肥开沟器与播种器燕尾槽式落种口之间、镇压装置、刮土装置、种肥箱安装于机架上方，沿行进方向，反转灭茬装置固定于地轮后方，灭茬旋土深度通过地轮调节，反转灭茬装置是由刀轴、直刀和弯刀组成，直刀和弯刀在刀轴上均匀间隔分布，直刀通过渗氮处理提高硬度和通过渗入荷叶碱进行表面防粘处理，直刀安装位置对应种床带位置，直刀比弯刀长15cm，直刀切断种床带的根茬并且对种床带深松，弯刀将根茬和土壤抛出，覆盖于种床带，施肥播种一体化装置固定于反转灭茬装置的后方，一端为施肥开沟器，另一端为燕尾槽式落种口，播种时燕尾槽式落种口开出预定深度的种床带，种子落入种床带上，种子分布为边密中疏，反转灭茬装置抛起的土覆盖于种床带上，由镇压装置完成镇压，每组施肥播种一体化装置两侧均安装两把弯刀，弯刀在动力的带动下，旋转抛洒泥土，解决了二次防拥堵功能，镇压装置中的镇压轮分别对应于播种施肥带，机架的最后端固定刮土装置。A general-purpose stubble removal and no-tillage fertilization seeder for rice and wheat, including a frame, two ground wheels installed on the frame, a reverse stubble removal device, an integrated device for fertilizing and seeding, and an anti-blocking knife shaft installed on the integrated device for fertilizing and seeding Between the fertilization ditch opener and the dovetail trough-type seed drop of the seeder, the suppression device, soil scraping device, and fertilizer box are installed above the frame. Along the direction of travel, the reverse stubble removal device is fixed behind the ground wheel. The depth is adjusted by the ground wheel. The reverse stubble removal device is composed of a knife shaft, a straight knife and a curved knife. The straight knife and the curved knife are evenly spaced on the knife shaft. Anti-sticking treatment on the surface, the installation position of the straight knife corresponds to the position of the seed bed belt, the straight knife is 15cm longer than the curved knife, the straight knife cuts off the stubble of the seed bed belt and deeply loosens the seed bed belt, the machete throws the root stubble and soil, Covering the seedbed belt, the fertilization and seeding integrated device is fixed behind the reverse stubble removal device. One end is a fertilization ditch opener, and the other end is a dovetail trough-type seed drop. When sowing, the dovetail trough-type seed drop is opened to a predetermined depth The seed bed belt, the seeds fall on the seed bed belt, the seeds are distributed densely on the side and sparse in the middle, the soil thrown up by the reverse stubble removal device is covered on the seed bed belt, and the suppression is completed by the suppression device, and the two sides of each group of fertilization and seeding integrated devices Two scimitars are installed on both sides. Driven by the power, the scimitar rotates and sprinkles soil, which solves the secondary anti-congestion function. The pressing wheels in the pressing device correspond to the sowing and fertilizing belts, and the rear end of the frame is fixed with a soil scraping device.
所述的稻麦通用灭茬免耕施肥播种机，其特征在于：施肥播种一体化装置的施肥开沟器和燕尾槽式落种口立柱通过固定板焊接在一起，垂直方向上的高度通过与机架相连的U型螺栓调节，燕尾槽高度可以通过调节螺栓调节控制播种深度，工作时燕尾槽开出预定深度的种床带。The general-purpose stubble removal and no-tillage fertilization seeder for rice and wheat is characterized in that: the fertilization opener of the fertilization and seeding integrated device and the dovetail groove type seed drop column are welded together by the fixing plate, and the height in the vertical direction is connected with the machine. The U-shaped bolts connected to the frame are adjusted, and the height of the dovetail groove can be adjusted to control the sowing depth by adjusting the bolt. When working, the dovetail groove opens a seedbed belt of a predetermined depth.
其工作原理为：沿机器前进方向，自前向后依次为地轮，地轮安装于机架上，调节地轮高度实现灭茬旋土深度调整；拖拉机输出轴提供动力，通过齿轮传动驱动反转灭茬装置，通过反转灭茬装置切断根茬，根茬向后抛出埋入土层以下；施肥开沟器通过连接板与播种器立柱焊接在一起，通过U型螺栓固定于机架上；施肥开沟器和播种器分别通过肥管与种管与上位排肥器和排种器连接，播种器下端落种口为燕尾槽式，紧贴地表实现宽幅播种，种子分布为边密中疏；施肥开沟器和播种器之间间隙安装有防拥堵刀轴，刀轴动力亦由拖拉机输出轴提供，防拥堵刀轴安装有防堵弯刀，施肥播种一体化装置两端均布置一把弯刀实现防拥堵功能；反转灭茬与防拥堵装置将土抛起覆盖种子，由镇压装置完成镇压；刮土器将播种带上多余土刮平。Its working principle is as follows: along the forward direction of the machine, there are ground wheels from front to back. The ground wheels are installed on the frame, and the height of the ground wheels is adjusted to adjust the depth of stubble removal and soil rotation; the output shaft of the tractor provides power, and the stubble removal is driven by gear transmission. The device cuts off the stubble by reversing the stubble removal device, and the stubble is thrown backward and buried under the soil layer; the fertilization ditch opener is welded with the seeder column through the connecting plate, and fixed on the frame by U-shaped bolts; fertilization ditching The device and the seeder are respectively connected to the upper fertilizer discharger and the seeder through the fertilizer pipe and the seed pipe. The seed drop at the lower end of the seeder is a dovetail groove type, which is close to the surface to achieve wide-width sowing, and the seeds are distributed densely on the side and sparse in the middle; fertilization An anti-blocking knife shaft is installed in the gap between the opener and the seeder, and the power of the knife shaft is also provided by the output shaft of the tractor. The anti-blocking knife shaft is equipped with an anti-blocking machete, and a machete is arranged at both ends of the integrated fertilization and seeding device Realize anti-congestion function; the reverse stubble removal and anti-congestion device throws the soil to cover the seeds, and the suppression device completes the suppression; the scraper scrapes the excess soil on the sowing belt.
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下优点。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages.
1、在施肥播种之前不需要耕整土壤，直接由反转灭茬装置灭茬，节约成本。1. There is no need to plow the soil before fertilization and sowing, and the stubble is directly removed by the reverse stubble removal device, which saves costs.
2、通过反转灭茬装置抛土实现种床带覆土，无需覆土器。2. The seed bed is covered with soil by throwing soil through the reverse stubble removal device, without the need for a soil cover device.
3、施肥播种一体化装置高度便于同步调节，以可以单独调节燕尾槽落种口高度控制播深，且安装简单。3. The height of the fertilization and seeding integrated device is easy to adjust synchronously, and the height of the dovetail trough can be adjusted separately to control the sowing depth, and the installation is simple.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例的整机结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention.
图2是本发明实施例中施肥播种一体化装置部件结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of components of an integrated fertilization and seeding device in an embodiment of the present invention.
其中图中1、机架 2、地轮 3、反转灭茬装置 4、直刀 5、施肥播种一体化装置 6、施肥开沟器 7、刀轴 8、燕尾槽式落种口 9、调节螺栓 10、镇压装置 11、刮土装置 12、种肥箱13、固定板。Among them, in the figure 1, frame 2, ground wheel 3, reverse stubble removal device 4, straight knife 5, fertilization and seeding integrated device 6, fertilization ditch opener 7, knife shaft 8, dovetail groove type seed drop port 9, adjustment bolt 10. Suppressing device 11, soil scraping device 12, seed fertilizer box 13, fixing plate.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
：如图1所示，沿机器前进方向，地轮2安装于机架1上，反转灭茬装置3的刀轴两端安装于机架两侧板，通过齿轮箱与拖拉机输出轴传输动力，调节地轮2的高度可以控制反转灭茬刀的旋土深度，以调节种床带覆土量，反转灭茬装置3上的直刀4对应种床带布置，可对种床带进行深松，施肥播种一体化装置5前端为施肥开沟器6，后端为燕尾槽落种口8，前后端通过固定板13焊接在一起，燕尾槽落种口8在地表开出预定深度的种床带，种子落入种床带，反转灭茬装置3的弯刀向后抛起的土壤将种子覆盖，完成覆土；防拥堵装置7的弯刀布置在施肥播种一体化装置5的两侧，将种床带上的秸秆杂草清除，保证机器的通过性，由镇压装置10的镇压轮将覆盖在种床带上的土镇压，由镇压刮土装置11将播种带上多余土刮平。: As shown in Figure 1, along the forward direction of the machine, the ground wheel 2 is installed on the frame 1, and the two ends of the cutter shaft of the reverse stubble removal device 3 are installed on the two sides of the frame, and the power is transmitted through the gear box and the output shaft of the tractor. Adjusting the height of the ground wheel 2 can control the soil rotation depth of the reverse stubble removal knife to adjust the amount of soil covering the seed bed belt. The straight knife 4 on the reverse stubble removal device 3 corresponds to the arrangement of the seed bed belt, and can deeply loosen the seed bed belt. The fertilization and seeding integrated device 5 has a fertilization ditch opener 6 at the front end and a dovetail groove seed drop opening 8 at the rear end. The front and rear ends are welded together by a fixing plate 13, and the dovetail groove seed drop opening 8 opens a seedbed belt with a predetermined depth on the ground surface. , the seeds fall into the seedbed belt, and the soil thrown back by the machete of the reverse stubble removal device 3 covers the seeds to complete the soil covering; The stalks and weeds on the bed belt are removed to ensure the passability of the machine. The soil covered on the seed bed belt is suppressed by the suppression wheel of the suppression device 10, and the excess soil on the seeding belt is scraped off by the suppression and scraping device 11.
Claims (2)
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| CN201510688661.2A CN105379458B8 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | A kind of general stubble-cleaning no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine of rice and kernel |
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| CN102687611A (en) * | 2012-06-16 | 2012-09-26 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Wheat rotary tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill |
| CN203801230U (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-09-03 | 马武昌 | Curved-straight-knife straw application earth-loosening-type no-tillage wheat and corn precision seeder |
| CN203984930U (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-10 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Corn stubble-cleaning ridging fertilizing seeder |
-
2015
- 2015-10-23 CN CN201510688661.2A patent/CN105379458B8/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105379458B8 (en) | 2018-10-09 |
| CN105379458A (en) | 2016-03-09 |
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Inventor after: Yang Shandong Inventor after: Du Ruicheng Inventor after: Diao Peisong Inventor after: Zhang Yinping Inventor after: Zhang Guohai Inventor before: Du Ruicheng Inventor before: Yang Shandong Inventor before: Diao Peisong Inventor before: Zhang Yinping Inventor before: Zhang Guohai |
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Correction item: Inventor Correct: Yang Shandong|Du Ruicheng|Diao Peisong|Zhang Yinping|Zhang Guohai False: Du Ruicheng|Yang Shandong|Diao Peisong|Zhang Yinping|Zhang Guohai Number: 27-01 Page: The title page Volume: 34 Correction item: Inventor Correct: Yang Shandong|Du Ruicheng|Diao Peisong|Zhang Yinping|Zhang Guohai False: Du Ruicheng|Yang Shandong|Diao Peisong|Zhang Yinping|Zhang Guohai Number: 27-01 Volume: 34 |
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