CN117378423A - Planting method for preventing and killing pear tree diseases and insect pests - Google Patents

Planting method for preventing and killing pear tree diseases and insect pests Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117378423A
CN117378423A CN202311442623.XA CN202311442623A CN117378423A CN 117378423 A CN117378423 A CN 117378423A CN 202311442623 A CN202311442623 A CN 202311442623A CN 117378423 A CN117378423 A CN 117378423A
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China
Prior art keywords
pear
planting
control
selecting
insect pests
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Pending
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CN202311442623.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李才有
周向雪
赵琳琳
向兆光
向生福
张家红
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Huaning Xinli Quan Industrial Co ltd
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Huaning Xinli Quan Industrial Co ltd
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Priority to CN202311442623.XA priority Critical patent/CN117378423A/en
Publication of CN117378423A publication Critical patent/CN117378423A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for preventing and killing pear tree diseases and insect pests, which comprises the following steps: s1, soil preparation and insect prevention: selecting winter prevention, selecting land which is leeward to the sun, shallow plowing the land after rain, enabling the larvae to easily come out of the land, killing the pest larvae by using a pesticide after plowing, and S2, planting and selecting seeds: selecting proper pear varieties according to the local abrupt characteristics, planting 66 plants per mu with the planting density of 2.5 meters multiplied by 4 meters, and planting pear seedlings after root dipping. According to the invention, by combining measures such as soil preparation and insect prevention, planting and seed selection, post-planting treatment, field arrangement, targeted control and the like, according to a planting growth rule, pest control work is reasonably and orderly carried out, and targeted control is carried out on different pests, and the integral pest control is realized by matching with later-stage manual cleaning and biological agent control, so that the device has the advantages of different control measures, clearer regulation and stronger pertinence, and is more suitable for popularization and use.

Description

Planting method for preventing and killing pear tree diseases and insect pests
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pear tree planting, in particular to a planting method for preventing and killing pear tree diseases and insect pests.
Background
The pear has the characteristics of high nutritive value and sweet and juicy taste, and can effectively ensure the health of people. From the current planting condition of pears in China, the variety is continuously increased, and the practical requirements of consumers can be fully met. In order to achieve ideal benefits in pear cultivation, pear cultivation technology needs to be analyzed, and reasonable pest control strategies are formulated so as to further achieve ideal cultivation effects.
At present, the prior art generally divides the prevention and treatment of the planting into early prevention and later treatment, and the early prevention comprises:
selecting a proper variety: the pear varieties with strong resistance to the local climate conditions and the diseases and the insect pests are selected, so that the occurrence probability of the diseases and the insect pests can be reduced;
land block site selection and soil improvement: selecting a land block with sufficient illumination and good drainage, and carrying out soil improvement to improve soil fertility and disease and pest resistance;
mastering proper planting density and row spacing: the planting density and the row spacing of the pear trees are reasonably arranged, so that ventilation and sunlight irradiation are facilitated, and the transmission of germs and insect pests is reduced;
pest monitoring and early control: periodically inspecting and monitoring positions such as leaves, fruits, branches and the like on the pear tree, and taking measures in time to prevent and treat once pest and disease damage problems are found;
later stage aimed at treatment includes:
use of pest control agents: selecting proper control agent according to the type and severity of the plant diseases and insect pests, and spraying or applying according to standard dosage and using method;
cleaning and destroying the diseased stumps and diseased leaves: pruning and cleaning the sick and disabled branches and sick leaves on the pear tree in time and destroying the sick and disabled branches and sick leaves to reduce the transmission of germs;
the pest control technology comprises the following steps: physical control, biological control, agronomic measures and other methods can be adopted, such as insect prevention net construction, natural enemies introduction, reasonable fertilization, irrigation and the like, so as to reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests;
in the means, the protection requirements required by different growing time points in the pear tree planting process cannot be met, the pear tree planting method is realized by excessively depending on the planting experience of workers, and a complete set of planting protection system is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a planting method for preventing and killing pear plant diseases and insect pests, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A planting method for preventing and killing pear tree diseases and insect pests comprises the following steps:
s1, soil preparation and insect prevention: selecting winter prevention, selecting land which is leeward to the sun, shallow plowing the land after rain, enabling the larvae to easily come out of the land at the moment, and killing the pest larvae by using the insecticide after plowing the land.
S2, planting and selecting seeds: selecting proper pear varieties according to the local abrupt characteristics, planting 66 plants per mu with the planting density of 2.5 meters multiplied by 4 meters, and planting pear seedlings after root dipping.
S3, post-planting treatment: deep turning of the soil around the roots is carried out after planting, loosening is carried out, the water is poured enough, the egg density condition of the interior can be observed during soil turning, and proper pesticide is properly selected for killing.
S4, pruning young trees: and (3) trimming trunks in a layering manner, and keeping the height of the pear tree at about 3.5 meters.
S5, field arrangement: the field is periodically subjected to weeding, fallen leaves and pruned are cleaned, the ventilation of soil is ensured, and the conditions of rotting branches and leaves and insect pests are reduced.
S6, targeted prevention and treatment: pest control, namely selecting winter control, firstly, pruning pear trees in winter to remove branches with insect holes, insect manure and the like, periodically inspecting and timely pruning damaged branches in a flowering period, and simultaneously, arranging traps for pests with phototaxis and assisting in combined control by using pesticide.
S7, targeted prevention and treatment: and (3) disease control, wherein the disease control is performed, simultaneously, branches and leaves with diseases are checked and sheared, the branches and leaves are cleaned, smooth drainage is ensured, land ponding is avoided, the control agent is used for spraying, the fertilizing amount is ensured, and the sufficient nutrients of pear trees are ensured.
S8, result control: in fruiting period, paper bags with high light transmittance are selected, and fruits are bagged.
As a further description of the above technical solution: and (2) selecting a rooting solution as the solution for soaking the roots of the pear seedlings in the step (S2), and soaking the roots of the pear seedlings for ten minutes before planting.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the pesticide in the steps S3 and S6 is prepared from 600 times of 60% cartap emulsifiable concentrate for spray control so as to aim at the fruit borer.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the pesticide in the steps S3 and S6 can be 4% trichlorfon powder to kill the piroplasmosis.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the control agent in the step S7 is sprayed by adopting 500 times of liquid of 60% triadimefon, and the spraying is carried out 1 time every 10 days, and 3 times are 1 period, so that the pear rust disease can be controlled, and the spraying in the flowering period can be avoided.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the control agent in the step S7 can be synchronously performed after 5 Baume lime sulphur is mixed and branches and leaves are cut, and when pear scab is found and generated, 25% carbendazim 400 times liquid is sprayed for control.
As a further description of the above technical solution: and (7) the treatment agent in the step S7 is selected from a 5 Baume lime sulfur agent to be sprayed in the pear tree germination stage for preventing and treating pear black spot.
As a further description of the above technical solution: and (3) carrying out centralized incineration treatment on all the branches and leaves of the plant diseases and insect pests cleaned in the steps S4, S5, S6 and S7, and killing ova and germs.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the scheme, before planting, insect pest hibernation season in winter is selected, and soil is deeply ploughed, so that early pest control is realized.
(2) This scheme burns through combining artifical clearance, clears away disease branch and leaf to cooperation biological agent pertinence prevention and cure, and combines the physical means, sets up trapper and for modes such as fruit cover bag, realizes comprehensive treatment, and this scheme is planting, growing, and the whole process of result is accomplished orderly and is combined the demand in different periods, has pertinently adopted different prevention and cure means, and the pertinence is clearer, and the pertinence is stronger, is fit for using widely more.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention;
example 1: please refer to fig. 1:
s1, soil preparation and insect prevention: selecting winter prevention, selecting land which is leeward to the sun, shallow plowing the land after rain, enabling the larvae to easily come out of the land at the moment, and killing the pest larvae by using the insecticide after plowing the land.
S2, planting and selecting seeds: selecting proper pear varieties according to the local abrupt characteristics, planting 66 plants per mu with the planting density of 2.5 meters multiplied by 4 meters, and planting pear seedlings after root dipping.
S3, post-planting treatment: deep turning of the soil around the roots is carried out after planting, loosening is carried out, the water is poured enough, the egg density condition of the interior can be observed during soil turning, and proper pesticide is properly selected for killing.
S4, pruning young trees: and (3) trimming trunks in a layering manner, and keeping the height of the pear tree at about 3.5 meters.
S5, field arrangement: the field is periodically subjected to weeding, fallen leaves and pruned are cleaned, the ventilation of soil is ensured, and the conditions of rotting branches and leaves and insect pests are reduced.
S6, targeted prevention and treatment: pest control, namely selecting winter control, firstly, pruning pear trees in winter to remove branches with insect holes, insect manure and the like, periodically inspecting and timely pruning damaged branches in a flowering period, and simultaneously, arranging traps for pests with phototaxis and assisting in combined control by using pesticide.
S7, targeted prevention and treatment: and (3) disease control, wherein the disease control is performed, simultaneously, branches and leaves with diseases are checked and sheared, the branches and leaves are cleaned, smooth drainage is ensured, land ponding is avoided, the control agent is used for spraying, the fertilizing amount is ensured, and the sufficient nutrients of pear trees are ensured.
S8, result control: in fruiting period, paper bags with high light transmittance are selected, and fruits are bagged.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, the controlling agent 60% triamcinolone acetonide 500 times solution in step S7 is sprayed 1 time every 10 days, 3 times is 1 cycle to control pear rust and avoid spraying in the flowering period, 5 baume stone-sulfur agent is selected to spray in the pear germination stage to control pear black spot for biological control, and the cleaned branches and leaves of the plant diseases and insect pests are all subjected to concentrated incineration treatment to kill eggs and germs.
When spraying the medicament solution, as the pear is in the sprouting period, the pear is prevented from touching tender buds as much as possible, the spraying is uniform, the variation of the pear is observed in the spraying period after the spraying, and the medicament dosage and period are adjusted according to the pear recovery condition technology, so that the pear can be flexibly prevented and controlled.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 1, the solution for soaking the roots of the pear tree in the step S2 is a rooting solution, and the roots of the pear tree are soaked for ten minutes before planting;
the pesticide in the steps S3 and S6 is prepared from 600 times of 60% cartap emulsifiable concentrate for spray control so as to aim at the fruit borer.
Before planting, deep ploughing and turning over the land in winter, then killing insects and eggs, performing early prevention and control, combining with later manual cleaning and biological agent prevention and control to realize integral pest control, spraying 600 times of liquid of 60% cartap emulsifiable concentrate, and performing insect and egg killing operation on the turned over land to reduce the later pest breeding condition.
Wherein the control agent in the step S7 can be synchronously performed after 5 Baume lime sulphur is mixed and branches and leaves are cut, and can be controlled by spraying 25% carbendazim 400 times liquid when pear scab is found and generated.
The early prevention is carried out by selecting 5 Baume lime sulfur agent to spray, and the spread of virus seedlings is blocked by pruning branches and leaves, meanwhile, after the spread trend is found, 25% carbendazim 400 times liquid can be sprayed at the moment to carry out treatment property spraying, so that the spread seedlings are prevented and treated, and the period is regulated according to different growth conditions of the seedlings, so that the prevention and the treatment are flexible.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited in this respect. Any person skilled in the art, within the technical scope of the present disclosure, may apply to the present invention, and the technical solution and the improvement thereof are all covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A planting method for preventing and killing pear plant diseases and insect pests is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, soil preparation and insect prevention: selecting winter prevention, selecting land which is leeward to the sun, shallow plowing the land after rain, enabling the larvae to easily come out of the land at the moment, and killing the pest larvae by using a pesticide after plowing the land;
s2, planting and selecting seeds: selecting proper pear varieties according to the local abrupt characteristics, planting 66 plants per mu with the planting density of 2.5 meters multiplied by 4 meters, and planting pear seedlings after root dipping;
s3, post-planting treatment: deeply turning the soil around the roots after planting to loosen the roots, pouring enough water, observing the egg density condition of the internal insects when turning the soil, and properly selecting a proper pesticide for killing;
s4, pruning young trees: trunk layering pruning is adopted, and the pear tree height is kept at about 3.5 meters;
s5, field arrangement: the field is periodically subjected to weeding, fallen leaves and pruned are cleaned, the ventilation of soil is ensured, and the situation that rotten branches and leaves grow insect pests is reduced;
s6, targeted prevention and treatment: pest control, namely selecting winter control, firstly, pruning pear trees in winter to remove branches with insect holes, insect manure and the like, periodically inspecting and timely pruning damaged branches in a flowering period, and simultaneously, arranging traps for pests with phototaxis and assisting in combined control by using pesticide;
s7, targeted prevention and treatment: disease control, wherein the branches and leaves with diseases are checked and sheared off while the pest control is carried out, the branches and leaves are cleaned, smooth drainage is ensured, land ponding is avoided, the prevention and control agent is assisted for spraying, the fertilizing amount is ensured, and the sufficient nutrients of pear trees are ensured;
s8, result control: in fruiting period, paper bags with high light transmittance are selected, and fruits are bagged.
2. A method for controlling pear plant diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (2) selecting a rooting solution as the solution for soaking the roots of the pear seedlings in the step (S2), and soaking the roots of the pear seedlings for ten minutes before planting.
3. A method for controlling pear plant diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pesticide in the steps S3 and S6 is prepared from 600 times of 60% cartap emulsifiable concentrate for spray control so as to aim at the fruit borer.
4. A method for controlling pear plant diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pesticide in the steps S3 and S6 can be 4% trichlorfon powder to kill the piroplasmosis.
5. A method for controlling pear plant diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control agent in the step S7 is sprayed by adopting 500 times of liquid of 60% triadimefon, and the spraying is carried out 1 time every 10 days, and 3 times are 1 period, so that the pear rust disease can be controlled, and the spraying in the flowering period can be avoided.
6. A method for controlling pear plant diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control agent in the step S7 is prepared by mixing 5 Baume lime sulphur, cutting branches and leaves and synchronously carrying out, and when the pear scab is found and generated, spraying 25% carbendazim 400 times liquid for control.
7. A method for controlling pear plant diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (7) the treatment agent in the step S7 is selected from a 5 Baume lime sulfur agent to be sprayed in the pear tree germination stage for preventing and treating pear black spot.
8. A method for controlling pear plant diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) carrying out centralized incineration treatment on all the branches and leaves of the plant diseases and insect pests cleaned in the steps S4, S5, S6 and S7, and killing ova and germs.
CN202311442623.XA 2023-11-01 2023-11-01 Planting method for preventing and killing pear tree diseases and insect pests Pending CN117378423A (en)

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CN202311442623.XA CN117378423A (en) 2023-11-01 2023-11-01 Planting method for preventing and killing pear tree diseases and insect pests

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311442623.XA CN117378423A (en) 2023-11-01 2023-11-01 Planting method for preventing and killing pear tree diseases and insect pests

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117378423A true CN117378423A (en) 2024-01-12

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