CN110338020B - Large-field planting method for tissue culture seedlings of red fruit ginseng - Google Patents
Large-field planting method for tissue culture seedlings of red fruit ginseng Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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Abstract
The invention discloses a field planting method of tissue culture seedlings of radix sophorae flavescentis, which comprises the following steps of S1: the method comprises the following steps of planting the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng in soil, covering the soil outside with a greenhouse, continuously domesticating for more than 60 days, controlling and adjusting illumination, temperature, humidity and oxygen, wherein in the first 20 days, the illumination is the intensity of one third of the external environment, the temperature, humidity and oxygen are one half of the external environment, after 20 days, the illumination, the temperature, the humidity and the oxygen are controlled and adjusted to be consistent with the external environment, observing and recording the growth condition of the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng, and S2, selecting seedlings: the standard of selecting the tissue culture seedling of the red fruit ginseng is as follows. The method can greatly improve the field planting mode survival rate of the red fruit ginseng, greatly improve the yield, protect the red fruit ginseng seedlings in the planting process, reduce the investment of the red fruit ginseng in the later management, further greatly reduce the planting cost, and be beneficial to bringing abundant benefits to growers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a field planting method of tissue culture seedlings of red fruit ginseng, and belongs to the field of red fruit ginseng planting.
Background
Perennial erect or sprawl herbs, root carrots, generally hairless in the whole plant, hollow, long with many branches, flat or drooping, leaf-to-leaf, occasionally 3 recurrent, and short-stemmed, leaf-oval, ovate needle-shaped to needle-shaped, flowers generally single, terminal and axillary, pedicel or inflorescence, mid-upper pedicel or at the base of the drug a pair of filiform buds, calyx only attached to the lower part of the ovary, split usually 5, apart from each other, filiform or strip-shaped, edge-branched long teeth, corolla white or pale red, tubular bell-shaped, 5-6 stamen, filaments and anthers of equal length, filament base wide to sheet-shaped, with long hairs at the edge, with or without hairs on the style of the flower column, 5-6 chambers of globular, purple black when ripe, most seeds, in the form of a polyhedron, flowering phase 7-10, grown in forests, in bushes and on grasslands below 1500m, the root seedlings planted in the same year can be grown quite a lot in the same yearThe red fruit ginseng has the beneficial effects that the chemical components in the red fruit ginseng fruit mainly comprise saccharides, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, anthraquinones, steroids, triterpenes, organic acids and the like, the red fruit ginseng is beneficial to patients with high cholesterol and patients with diabetes, and the red fruit ginseng can well remove OH-And O2-The red fruit ginseng is promoted to be novel, natural, health-care, green and antioxidant high-grade food with various effects, can tonify deficiency and qi, remove stasis and relieve pain, and is mainly used for treating fatigue, qi deficiency and weakness, traumatic injury, intestinal striation pain and the like.
The wild rhododendron senecio resources are in an endangered state, so that the current roots of the rhododendron senecio cannot meet the market demand, the field planting mode of the current rhododendron senecio is low in survival rate and insufficient in yield, and moreover, the seedlings of the rhododendron senecio are carelessly protected in the planting process, so that a large amount of manpower and material resources are required to be input for maintenance in the later-stage management of the rhododendron senecio, and the planting cost is greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a field planting method of tissue culture seedlings of red fruit ginseng aiming at the defects in the prior art and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a field planting method of tissue culture seedlings of red fruit ginseng comprises the following steps of S1: planting the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng in soil, covering the soil with a greenhouse, continuously domesticating for more than 60 days, controlling and adjusting illumination, temperature, humidity and oxygen, wherein the illumination is one third of the intensity of the external environment in the first 20 days, the temperature, humidity and oxygen are one half of the external environment, and after 20 days, the illumination, temperature, humidity and oxygen are controlled and adjusted to be consistent with the external environment, and the growth condition of the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng is observed and recorded;
s2, selecting seedlings: the standard for selecting the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng is as follows: the height of the tissue culture seedling of the red fruit ginseng is not less than 30cm, the seedling is upright and upright, the branches are many and long, the root is carrot-shaped, the root is white, the rhizome is rich, the leaves are flat and emerald green, and the leaves are oval;
s3, loosening the soil: the first step is as follows: using a rotary tillage machine to turn the soil of the field for the first time, and the second step: uniformly spraying organic fertilizer on the field where the soil is turned for the first time, and the third step: secondly, turning the soil of the field again by using a rotary tillage machine to uniformly mix the soil and the organic fertilizer;
s4, ridging: ridging is carried out by using a ridging machine, the soil surface of the ridging is 30cm higher than the ground, the distance between ridges is 1.5-2 m, the width of each ridge is 4-6 m, drainage ditches are dug in the ridge distance, the depth of each drainage ditch is 20-30cm, the width of each drainage ditch is 30-40cm, and the tissue culture seedlings of the red holothuria are afraid of water and drought and are favored to be fertile and loose soil;
s5, planting seedlings: planting the selected domesticated red holothuria tissue culture seedlings, planting 3-5 rows of seedlings on each ridge, controlling the plant spacing to be 30-50cm, controlling the distance between every two rows to be 8-12 cm, covering a thin soil layer on the roots of the seedlings after the seedlings are planted, wherein the thin soil layer is prepared by mixing plant ash, gypsum and wet clay, and the ratio of the plant ash to the gypsum to the wet clay is 1: 1: 4;
s6, watering: watering by using irrigation equipment, wherein the irrigation equipment can atomize water, and the surface of the thin soil layer is wet and seeps 5-10cm below the ground surface, so that no water can be accumulated;
s7, field management: the method comprises the following five aspects: weeding, killing insects, cutting leaves, controlling fertilizer and replenishing water.
The invention is further set that the illuminance of 20 days before domestication of the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng in S1 is 800-1300 Lx, and the humidity is 60-80%.
The invention is further set that the unqualified tissue culture seedling of the red fruit ginseng in the S2 can be continuously cultured until the qualified tissue culture seedling of the red fruit ginseng is cultured.
The invention is further set that the organic fertilizer in S3 is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 7-9: 1-3: 0 to 2.
The present invention is further configured such that the fermented animal wastes are applied to the surface of the field before ridging at S4 so that the surface of the field has a thin layer of animal wastes.
The invention is further set that in S5, the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng have 300-400 strains per mu, and the thickness of the thin soil layer is 1-1.5 cm.
The invention is further configured that in S7, the pest killing adopts a physical method to trap and kill the pest or adopts a biological method to trap and kill the pest.
The invention is further set in that S6 can also adopt a drip irrigation mode, diluted biogas slurry is used once every 10-20 days, and the ratio of fermented biogas slurry to water in the diluted biogas slurry is 1-3: 4.
the invention is further set up to add insecticide or bactericide to carry out insecticidal sterilization during drip irrigation.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method can greatly improve the field planting mode survival rate of the red fruit ginseng, greatly improve the yield, protect the red fruit ginseng seedlings in the planting process, reduce the investment of the red fruit ginseng in the later management, further greatly reduce the planting cost and be beneficial to bringing abundant benefits to planters.
(2) The qualified tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng are cultured by the unqualified tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng, so that the utilization rate of the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng is greatly improved.
(3) The invention can protect the tissue culture seedling of the red fruit ginseng from being affected by insect damage by matching the pesticide or the bactericide, prevents the occurrence of the condition that harmful bacteria damage rootstocks and leaves, is beneficial to the normal growth of the tissue culture seedling of the red fruit ginseng, and improves the survival rate and the yield of the tissue culture seedling of the red fruit ginseng.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a field planting method of tissue culture seedlings of red fruit ginseng comprises the following steps of S1: planting the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng in soil, covering the soil with a greenhouse, continuously domesticating for more than 65 days, controlling and adjusting illumination, temperature, humidity and oxygen, wherein the illumination is one third of the intensity of the external environment in the first 25 days, the temperature, humidity and oxygen are one half of the external environment, and after 25 days, the illumination, temperature, humidity and oxygen are controlled and adjusted to be consistent with the external environment, and the growth condition of the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng is observed and recorded;
s2, selecting seedlings: the standard for selecting the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng is as follows: the height of the tissue culture seedling of the red fruit ginseng is not less than 30cm, the seedling is upright and upright, the branches are many and long, the root is carrot-shaped, the root is white, the rhizome is rich, the leaves are flat and emerald green, and the leaves are oval;
s3, loosening the soil: the first step is as follows: using a rotary tillage machine to turn the soil of the field for the first time, and the second step: uniformly spraying organic fertilizer on the field where the soil is turned for the first time, and the third step: secondly, turning the soil of the field again by using a rotary tillage machine to uniformly mix the soil and the organic fertilizer;
s4, ridging: carrying out ridging operation by using a ridging machine, wherein the soil surface of ridging is 30cm higher than the ground, the distance between ridges is 2 m, the width of each ridge is 6 m, drainage ditches are dug in the ridge distance, the depth of each water ditch is 30cm, the width of each water ditch is 40cm, and the tissue culture seedlings of the red ginseng are afraid of water, drought-resistant and fertile and loose soil;
s5, planting seedlings: planting the selected domesticated red holothuria tissue culture seedlings, planting 5 rows of seedlings on each ridge, controlling the plant distance to be 50cm, controlling the distance between every two rows to be 12 cm, covering a thin soil layer on the roots of the seedlings after the seedlings are planted, wherein the thin soil layer is prepared by mixing plant ash, gypsum and wet clay, and the ratio of the plant ash to the gypsum to the wet clay is 1: 1: 4;
s6, watering: watering by using irrigation equipment, wherein the irrigation equipment can atomize water, and the surface of the thin soil layer is wet and seeps 10cm below the ground surface, so that no water can be accumulated;
s7, field management: the method comprises the following five aspects: weeding, killing insects, cutting leaves, controlling fertilizer and replenishing water.
In the invention: in S1, the illuminance is 1300Lx and the humidity is 80% 25 days before acclimation of the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng.
In the invention: the unqualified tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng in the S2 can be continuously cultured until the qualified tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng are cultured.
In the invention: the organic fertilizer in the S3 is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium is 7: 2: 1.
in the invention: and S4, before ridging, spraying fermented animal manure on the surface of the field, so that the surface of the field has a thin layer of animal manure.
In the invention: in the S5, the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng are 400 plants per mu, and the thickness of a thin soil layer is 1.5 cm.
In the invention: in S7, the pest killing adopts a physical method to trap and kill pests or adopts a biological method to trap and kill pests.
In the invention: s6 can also adopt drip irrigation mode, 20 days use the once diluted biogas slurry, the ratio of the fermented biogas slurry to water in the diluted biogas slurry is 3: 4.
in the invention: during drip irrigation, pesticide or bactericide is added for killing pests and sterilizing.
Example two: the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is:
a field planting method of tissue culture seedlings of red fruit ginseng,
s1, domesticating tissue culture seedlings: planting the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng in soil, covering the soil with a greenhouse, continuously domesticating for 60 days, controlling and adjusting illumination, temperature, humidity and oxygen, wherein the illumination is one third of the intensity of the external environment in the first 20 days, the temperature, humidity and oxygen are one half of the external environment, and after 20 days, the illumination, temperature, humidity and oxygen are controlled and adjusted to be consistent with the external environment, and observing and recording the growth condition of the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng;
s2, selecting seedlings: the standard for selecting the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng is as follows: the height of the tissue culture seedling of the red fruit ginseng is not less than 30cm, the seedling is upright and upright, the branches are many and long, the root is carrot-shaped, the root is white, the rhizome is rich, the leaves are flat and emerald green, and the leaves are oval;
s3, loosening the soil: the first step is as follows: using a rotary tillage machine to turn the soil of the field for the first time, and the second step: uniformly spraying organic fertilizer on the field where the soil is turned for the first time, and the third step: secondly, turning the soil of the field again by using a rotary tillage machine to uniformly mix the soil and the organic fertilizer;
s4, ridging: carrying out ridging operation by using a ridging machine, wherein the soil surface of ridging is 30cm higher than the ground, the distance between ridges is 1.5 m, the width of each ridge is 4 m, drainage ditches are dug in the ridge distance, the depth of each drainage ditch is 20cm, the width of each drainage ditch is 30cm, and the tissue culture seedlings of the red holothuria are afraid of water and drought and are favored to fertile and loose soil;
s5, planting seedlings: planting the selected domesticated red holothuria tissue culture seedlings, planting 3 rows of seedlings on each ridge, controlling the plant spacing to be 30cm, controlling the distance between every two rows to be 8-12 cm, covering a thin soil layer on the roots of the seedlings after the seedlings are planted, wherein the thin soil layer is prepared by mixing plant ash, gypsum and wet clay, and the ratio of the plant ash to the gypsum to the wet clay is 1: 1: 4;
s6, watering: watering by using irrigation equipment, wherein the irrigation equipment can atomize water, and the surface of a thin soil layer is wet and seeps 5cm below the ground surface, so that no water can be accumulated;
s7, field management: the method comprises the following five aspects: weeding, killing insects, cutting leaves, controlling fertilizer and replenishing water.
In the invention: in S1, the illuminance of 20 days before acclimation of the tissue culture seedling of the red fruit ginseng is 800Lx, and the humidity is 60%.
In the invention: the unqualified tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng in the S2 can be continuously cultured until the qualified tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng are cultured.
In the invention: the organic fertilizer in the S3 is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium is 8: 1: 1.
in the invention: and S4, before ridging, spraying fermented animal manure on the surface of the field, so that the surface of the field has a thin layer of animal manure.
In the invention: in the S5, the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng are 300 plants per mu, and the thickness of a thin soil layer is 1 cm.
In the invention: in S7, the pest killing adopts a physical method to trap and kill pests or adopts a biological method to trap and kill pests.
In the invention: s6 can also adopt a drip irrigation mode, diluted biogas slurry is used once every 10 days, and the ratio of fermented biogas slurry to water in the diluted biogas slurry is 1: 4.
in the invention: during drip irrigation, pesticide or bactericide is added for killing pests and sterilizing.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A field planting method of tissue culture seedlings of radix salviae miltiorrhizae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, domesticating tissue culture seedlings: planting the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng in soil, covering the soil with a greenhouse, continuously domesticating for more than 60 days, controlling and adjusting illumination, temperature, humidity and oxygen, wherein the illumination is one third of the intensity of the external environment in the first 20 days, the temperature, humidity and oxygen are one half of the external environment, and after 20 days, the illumination, temperature, humidity and oxygen are controlled and adjusted to be consistent with the external environment, and the growth condition of the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng is observed and recorded;
s2, selecting seedlings: the standard for selecting the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng is as follows: the height of the tissue culture seedling of the red fruit ginseng is not less than 30cm, the seedling is upright and upright, the branches are many and long, the root is carrot-shaped, the root is white, the rhizome is rich, the leaves are flat and emerald green, and the leaves are oval; the unqualified tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng can be continuously cultured until the qualified tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng are cultured;
s3, loosening the soil: the first step is as follows: using a rotary tillage machine to turn the soil of the field for the first time, and the second step: uniformly spraying organic fertilizer on the field where the soil is turned for the first time, and the third step: secondly, turning the soil of the field again by using a rotary tillage machine to uniformly mix the soil and the organic fertilizer;
s4, ridging: ridging is carried out by using a ridging machine, the soil surface of the ridging is 30cm higher than the ground, the distance between ridges is 1.5-2 m, the width of each ridge is 4-6 m, drainage ditches are dug in the ridge distance, the depth of each drainage ditch is 20-30cm, the width of each drainage ditch is 30-40cm, and the tissue culture seedlings of the red holothuria are afraid of water and drought and are favored to be fertile and loose soil;
s5, planting seedlings: planting the selected domesticated red holothuria tissue culture seedlings, planting 3-5 rows of seedlings on each ridge, controlling the plant spacing to be 30-50cm, controlling the distance between every two rows to be 8-12 cm, covering a thin soil layer on the roots of the seedlings after the seedlings are planted, wherein the thin soil layer is prepared by mixing plant ash, gypsum and wet clay, and the ratio of the plant ash to the gypsum to the wet clay is 1: 1: 4;
s6, watering: watering by using irrigation equipment, wherein the irrigation equipment can atomize water, and the surface of the thin soil layer is wet and seeps 5-10cm below the ground surface, so that no water can be accumulated; watering adopts a drip irrigation mode, diluted biogas slurry is used once every 10-20 days, and the ratio of fermentation biogas slurry to water in the diluted biogas slurry is 1-3: 4, adding insecticide or bactericide to perform insecticidal sterilization during drip irrigation;
s7, field management: the method comprises the following five aspects: weeding, killing insects, cutting leaves, controlling fertilizer and replenishing water; the insect killing is to adopt a physical method to trap and kill the insect pests or adopt a biological method to trap and kill the insect pests.
2. The field planting method of the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in S1, the illuminance of 20 days before acclimation of the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng is 800-1300 Lx, and the humidity is 60-80%.
3. The field planting method of the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the organic fertilizer in the S3 is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium is 7-9: 1-3: 0 to 2.
4. The field planting method of the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and S4, before ridging, spraying fermented animal manure on the surface of the field, so that the surface of the field has a thin layer of animal manure.
5. The field planting method of the tissue culture seedlings of the red fruit ginseng according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in S5, 300-400 red holothuria tissue culture seedlings are planted per mu, and the thickness of the thin soil layer is 1-1.5 cm.
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| CN109220790A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-18 | 丽江市古城区秋成种养殖有限公司 | A kind of in vitro outer breeding method of red fruit ginseng |
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| KR20130119186A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-31 | 농업회사법인 참씨드 주식회사 | Plant tissues culture tabletting medium and manufacturing method thereof |
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