CN101156533A - Method for planting India swertiamarin artificially in warmhouse - Google Patents
Method for planting India swertiamarin artificially in warmhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN101156533A CN101156533A CNA2007101928597A CN200710192859A CN101156533A CN 101156533 A CN101156533 A CN 101156533A CN A2007101928597 A CNA2007101928597 A CN A2007101928597A CN 200710192859 A CN200710192859 A CN 200710192859A CN 101156533 A CN101156533 A CN 101156533A
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- herba swertiae
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Abstract
The invention belongs to an artificial cultivation technology field for the wild plant, in particular relates to a greenhouse artificial cultivation method for a wild India swertia. The method can be completed through four steps of greenhouse soil tillage, seeding, field management, and picking and processing. The seeds of the India swertia are required to be soaked in the 100-1200ppm gibberellins solution for 2-48 hours. The field management includes three steps of watering and overshadowing management, grass-removing and fertilizing management, and pests preventing management. The picking time of the picking and processing step is 6-36 months after seeding. Since the greenhouse is provided with warm air, and can preserve heat in winter, and is ventilated in summer; as well as good field management is provided, the greenhouse cultivated India swertia has high yield, and possesses the available compositions of the wild India swertia, and can replace completely the wild India swertia for medicine; as well as then the wild India swertia resource is protected effectively.
Description
One, technical field: the invention belongs to the artificial cultivation technique field of wild plant, relate in particular to the artificial cultivation method in a kind of greenhouse of wild Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae.
Two, background technology: Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae, Dard reaches the base of a fruit, and Tibetan language is called the first base of a fruit, it uses in that Tibetan medicine is medium-term and long-term, determined curative effect is acknowledged as the choice drug of treatment liver and gall class disease, it originates in India the earliest, after again main product in Nepal.This medicinal material hardship, cold, it has the effect of heat clearing and inflammation relieving, soothing liver-gallbladder, can be used for treating illnesss such as indigestion, cholecystitis, various hepatitis, acute laryngopharyngitis and scald, acute toothache, heat pouring.Along with the mankind's understanding in depth and extensive use to this wild Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae, this medicinal material sharply increases with international demand at home, make this valuable herb resource obtain extremely excessive digging, and face exhausted condition, be listed in international one-level medicinal material in imminent danger in 2002.For this reason, how wild Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae being introduced a fine variety, tamed and cultivates, and fundamentally solve the resource problem of this medicinal material, is one of pendulum difficult problem in face of the various countries scientist.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the problems referred to above at the prior art existence, and develop a kind of method of planting India swertiamarin artificially in warmhouse, the method is introduced a fine variety wild Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae seed process, tame, in the greenhouse, select and simulation grows wild environment, under the artificial cultivation condition of creating, assist management by adapting to, but be converted into the process of cultivated plant with artificial.Swertia can both be grown throughout the year in the greenhouse, and manually operated amplitude is bigger, and output is just high like this.Compare through tame Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae and wild Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae chemical composition, the HPLG of main active ingredient analyzes, water miscible main four kinds of glycosides in the wild Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae, all complete in the Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae of greenhouse culture as Swertiamarin, gentiamarin, mangiferin and Lutonaretin etc., and the plantation Swertiamarin and mangiferin content also be higher than 3～5 times of wild plants, fat-soluble oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in the greenhouse, cultivate and wild plant in differ less than 1.7 times.Therefore tame Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae can substitute wild Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae fully as herb resource, and it just can effectively protect the resource of existing wild Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae like this, and stops the further destruction to environment, plays the effect of preserving the ecological environment.
Technical scheme is: the method for planting India swertiamarin artificially in warmhouse of the present invention is finished by greenhouse whole ground, sowing, field management, the processing four-stage of gathering, before the sowing Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae seed was soaked seed 2～48 hours in the gibberellin soup of 100～1200ppm, field management comprises waters and the management of sheltering from heat or light, the fertilizing management of hoeing up weeds, prevention and elimination of disease and pests are managed three parts and constituted, and the collecting time of the process segment Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae medicinal material of gathering is after planting 6～36 months.The greenhouse is that thin process is turned over, applies fertilizer to the subsoil, flattens, harrowed in the soil in the greenhouse wholely, also the plot can be divided into patch with ridge in this process, so that field management, it is good applying fertilizer to the subsoil with the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed.Sowing is that the Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae seed is broadcast the process in the soil by drilling, program request, mode such as broadcast sowing, for the bud ratio that improves seed with the survival rate after sprouting, the seed of Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae should be selected, choosing grain is heavy, plant the seed that grain does not rot, and the seed before the sowing is preferably in seed soaking sterilization in 0.5～1.5% the copper-bath.The seed soaking of copper-bath sterilization before the seed soaking of gibberellin soup or in its back, finish all can, but with seed soaking sterilization in the copper-bath preceding, the gibberellin soup soak seed after best results.Field management is the management of this time period after planting, before the processing of gathering.Watering is the necessary mode that keeps ground moistening and soil moisture content, waters and should be advisable in the spray mode, and sheltering from heat or light is in order to prevent sunlight exposure, especially in seed sprouting phase and growth of seedlings stage, all to need shade net to shelter from heat or light.Hoe up weeds is to uproot the weeds that influence the Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae growth, early stage at weed growth, to cut off from root through scissors commonly used, the biomass that Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae accumulated in 1 year seldom, root development is little, and the therefore loosening soil of should trying not of weeding at this moment is during seedling length to the second year 12～14 leaves, root is grown up, and hoe up weeds and can suitably loosen the soil this moment.Fertilising is the process of replenishing nutrient for the growth needs of plant in soil, and Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae is an all herbal medicine, therefore in the fast growing period of plant, need impose nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, in the maturing stage of seed, for promote seed growth and maturation, should suitably impose phosphate fertilizer.The prevention and elimination of disease and pests management is the soak evil of pre-preventing disease and pest to the Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae plant, according to research of the present invention, the damage by disease and insect in the greenhouse mainly contains aphid, two spotted spider mite, root rot etc., and the control of aphid can adopt 1/900～1/3600 A Wei Cuo aphid to spray, once in a week, can kill for three times.Aphid also can adopt the method for biological control and cultural control to eliminate it, and biological control is to select for use the natural enemy of aphid to prevent and treat, as ladybug, syrphus fly, Chrysopa, aphid mould etc.Cultural control is in time to turn over to shine ground, removes weeds in field and foreign material, and it is buried in time to extract killed blade, and the rational application of fertilizer is many with the farmyard manures that become thoroughly decomposed, and is few with chemical fertilizer etc.Concentrate the back that is distributed in Lao Ye during the two spotted spider mite morbidity, this insect is very little, its breeding is rapid, harm is serious, its prevention should be improving ventilation condition, also available pesticide control aspect preventing and treating,, Belmark clean as propargite, dicofol, Avermectin, Rogor, pink bollworm etc., adopt the mode of spraying, note having sprayed blade back.Root rot is individual morbidity, the morbidity back root part rots, blade is withered, cause complete stool death, the method of preventing and treating keeps soil drainage good, and the utmost point is early pulled out diseased plant and burnt, diseased plant place lime disinfection, also available 100～140 times of ripples and many liquid, or 450～650 times of liquid of 65～85% wettable mancozebs spray.Through the application researcher's long term test and research, gibberellin has the effect of tangible promotion growth during to the Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae bolting, for output and the resistance against diseases that improves Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae, can be with the Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae in the gibberellin sprinkling growth of 50～800ppm during the Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae bolting.Planting India swertia in the greenhouse, great majority all can not be finished whole life in two years, after planting needed just can emerge in 2 months, can grow in 1 year to 12 leaves, be rosula basal leaf, branch not, enter fast growing period 1 year 3～April, enter the bolting phase 5～July, enter bud stage 8～October, be initial bloom stage 11～December, be flowering fruit bearing stage the 1～May in the 3rd year, be seed maturity 5～August, and plant senesecence death in 9～December enters medicinal material and gathers, so the gather collecting time of process segment Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae medicinal material of the present invention is after planting 6～36 months.The seed of gathering can be used as next seed use after selected.
The present invention adopts the greenhouse culture Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae; have heating installation a winter in the greenhouse; have ventilated summer; use the woven straw covering and heat insulating night in winter; and with fluorescent lamp increase illumination; all more than 0 ℃, it all can grow room temperature throughout the year, waters in addition; fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests facility are good; therefore what its plant was wilder wants high a lot, and stem is thick, and is flourishing; 170～210 centimetres of its plant heights; and wild plant height only is 60～150 centimetres, and greenhouse culture can improve output greatly, has effectively protected the resource of wild Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae again.And tame Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae all possesses the active ingredient of wild Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae, and that some composition also is higher than is wild, so its alternative wild Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae fully.From the seed of wild collection, after selected, after greenhouse culture, obtain seed again, this seed is promptly tamed, and it can carry out generation generation ground artificial cultivation.
Four, embodiment
Embodiment 1: in the greenhouse behind whole ground, greenhouse, seed cleaning with field acquisition, before the sowing Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae seed was soaked seed about 48 hours in the gibberellin soup of 100ppm, again seed broadcasting to the soil, spraying water makes the soil moistening, covering straw bag again shelters from heat or light and preserves moisture, should remove weeds in 3～4 months after emerging, allow seedling suitably shine sunlight, and water, nitrogen fertilizer application, damaged by vermin then adopts corresponding means to handle, and has aphid then to use 1/900 A Wei Cuo aphid, promptly sprays after 1 part of A Wei Cuo aphid and 900 parts of water dilutions, gibberellin with 50ppm during the bolting sprays plant, when treating,, also can gather though this plant does not have flowers and fruits from after planting 6 months, dry all herbal medicine.
Embodiment 2: in the greenhouse behind whole ground, the seed of field acquisition is selected again, with 0.5% copper-bath seed-soaking is sterilized earlier before the sowing, again seed was soaked seed about 2 hours in the gibberellin soup of 1200ppm, subsequently again the seed drilling to soil, the water spray make the soil moistening, shelter from heat or light with shade net and to preserve moisture, removed shade net after emerging back 4 months, allow seedling suitably shine sunlight
Cut weeds and water, fertilising, damaged by vermin adopts corresponding means to handle, aphid is arranged with 1/3600 A Wei Cuo aphid, spray after i.e. 3600 parts of water dilutions of 1 part of A Wei Cuo aphid, the gibberellin of bolting phase with 800ppm sprays plant, when treating after planting 36 months, seed is gathered in the crops, carries out the medicinal material processing of gathering after plant senesecence is dry.
Embodiment 3: behind whole ground, greenhouse, seed with embodiment 2 collections, sterilize with 1.5% copper-bath seed soaking in selected back, again seed was soaked seed about 10 hours in the gibberellin soup of 650ppm, again the seed program request to the soil, water spray makes the soil moistening, shelter from heat or light with straw screen or mat and to preserve moisture, removed straw screen or mat after emerging back 3 months, allow seedling suitably shine sunlight, cut weeds and water, fertilising, damaged by vermin adopt corresponding means to handle, and the gibberellin of bolting phase with 600ppm sprays plant, seed is ripe when treating after planting 30 months, and plant and seed are gathered in the lump and be processed as medicinal material.
Claims (4)
1. the method for a planting India swertiamarin artificially in warmhouse, it is characterized in that it by greenhouse whole ground, sowing, field management, gather and process four-stage and finish, before the sowing Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae seed was soaked seed 2～48 hours in the gibberellin soup of 100～1200ppm, field management comprises waters and the management of sheltering from heat or light, the fertilizing management of hoeing up weeds, prevention and elimination of disease and pests are managed three parts and constituted, and the collecting time of the process segment Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae medicinal material of gathering is after planting 6～36 months.
2. the sterilization of in 0.5～1.5% copper-bath, soaking seed of method according to claim 1, the seed before it is characterized in that sowing.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that during the Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae bolting with the Indian Herba Swertiae bimaculatae in the gibberellin medicine liquid spray growth of 50～800ppm.
4. method according to claim 1, the control that it is characterized in that aphid in the prevention and elimination of disease and pests management sprays with 1/900～1/3600 A Wei Cuo aphid,
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2007101928597A CN101156533A (en) | 2007-11-21 | 2007-11-21 | Method for planting India swertiamarin artificially in warmhouse |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101928597A CN101156533A (en) | 2007-11-21 | 2007-11-21 | Method for planting India swertiamarin artificially in warmhouse |
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| CN101156533A true CN101156533A (en) | 2008-04-09 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103609911A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-05 | 成都乾唐农业科技有限责任公司 | Symbiotic-state blending agent and arbitrary-domain point-face ecological agricultural product mixed-culturing and mixed-planting method |
| CN105660393A (en) * | 2016-01-09 | 2016-06-15 | 佛山市金蓝领教育科技有限公司 | Ginseng leafbud induction medium and culture method |
| CN107041219A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-08-15 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of method that ecologic planting fosters wild Muller Swertia patens |
| CN107873151A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-04-06 | 信阳师范学院 | A kind of tea place weeding apparatus |
-
2007
- 2007-11-21 CN CNA2007101928597A patent/CN101156533A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103609911A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-05 | 成都乾唐农业科技有限责任公司 | Symbiotic-state blending agent and arbitrary-domain point-face ecological agricultural product mixed-culturing and mixed-planting method |
| CN103609911B (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-05-13 | 成都乾唐农业科技有限责任公司 | Arbitrary-domain point-face ecological agricultural product mixed-culturing and mixed-planting method |
| CN105660393A (en) * | 2016-01-09 | 2016-06-15 | 佛山市金蓝领教育科技有限公司 | Ginseng leafbud induction medium and culture method |
| CN107041219A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-08-15 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of method that ecologic planting fosters wild Muller Swertia patens |
| CN107873151A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-04-06 | 信阳师范学院 | A kind of tea place weeding apparatus |
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Open date: 20080409 |