CN107969307A - A kind of leek high yield cultivating method - Google Patents
A kind of leek high yield cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107969307A CN107969307A CN201711239117.5A CN201711239117A CN107969307A CN 107969307 A CN107969307 A CN 107969307A CN 201711239117 A CN201711239117 A CN 201711239117A CN 107969307 A CN107969307 A CN 107969307A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of leek high yield cultivating method, comprise the following steps：Seed treatment, site preparation, fertilising, sowing, watering top dressing, weeding, field planting, temperature treatment, fertilizer and water management, the in due course prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, harvesting.Cultural method using the present invention, pest and disease damage is few, and yield is high, and stablizes, and can improve the harvest of leek, increases the income of peasant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture field, is to be related to a kind of leek high yield cultivating method specifically.
Background technology
Leek category Liliaceae perennial root plant, originates in China.Its is full of nutrition, and blade, flower tongue and fragrant-flowered garlic are spent edible
With containing abundant vitamin, mineral matter, carbohydrate and protein.Meanwhile the leek volatile oil contained, main component
There is special pungent fragrance for sulfur-containing compound, can improve a poor appetite, boost metabolism and enterogastric peristalsis, there is certain health care
Effect and medical value.Unreasonable management etc. is often caused harm be subject to pest and disease damage in leek production process, especially fragrant-flowered garlic maggot
The primary pest of leek is endangered, causes the problems such as leek growth is slow, and yield is not high.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of leek high yield cultivating method, cultural method using the present invention, pest and disease damage is few,
Yield is high, and stablizes, and can improve the harvest of leek, increases the income of peasant.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：A kind of leek high yield cultivating method, bag
Include following steps：(1) seed treatment：With 30-40 DEG C of water seed soaking 8-12 it is small when, remove impurity and flat seed, will be on seed it is glutinous
Liquid is wrapped after cleaning with wet cloth, is placed on vernalization in 15-20 DEG C of environment, is rinsed 1-2 times with clear water daily, 50% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally
Sowed when sharp；（2）Site preparation：Soil is deep ploughed less than 20 centimetres before broadcasting, and with reference to fertilising, carefully furrow are done in rake, leveling after ploughing, conditionally
High ridge cultivation can be played, can also flat bedding cultivation；（3）Fertilising：With reference to site preparation, high-quality decomposed manure 5000- is spread fertilizer over the fields per acre
6000 kilograms, 6 kilograms of urea, 10 kilograms of calcium superphosphate；（4）Sowing：In late March to the first tenday period of a month in May, kind 4-5 kilograms is needed per acre,
1.5-2 kilograms of open country culturing and transplanting seedlings；（5）Watering top dressing：Instant nitrogenousfertilizer is imposed with reference to watering 2-3 times, imposes urea 6-8 public affairs per acre
Jin,（6）Weeding：Timely artificial uprooting weed, removes invalid plant after emergence；（7）Field planting：Spring sowing seedling is colonized after the Summer Solstice, summer sowing seedling
It is being colonized around Great Heat, by leek lifting, is cutting short fibrous root, stay 2-3 centimetres, cut short blade tip, staying leaf to grow 10 centimetres, by row in furrow
Away from 18-20 centimetres, 10 centimetres of hill spacing, 7-10 plants of seedling is planted per cave；（8）Temperature treatment：After canopy room is closed, kept for 20-24 DEG C of daytime,
At 12-14 DEG C of night, when plant height grows to more than 10 centimetres, daytime is kept for 16-20 DEG C, and temperature of shed will leak informaton wet down more than 24 DEG C,
Insulation is strengthened in the cultivation of winter Small plastic shed, and night is maintained at more than 6 DEG C；（9）Fertilizer and water management：After field planting, when new root young leaves occurs,
Can topdressing and watering, impose 10-15 kilograms of urea with water per acre, the 4 leaf phase of seedling, to control the anti-excessive growth of water, and strengthen intertillage, weeding,
When growing to for 6 leaf phases and starting tiller, occur jumping root phenomenon, Gai Sha, firming or support ridger ridging can be carried out, when 20 centimetres of height of seedling
When, stop topdressing and watering, in case harvesting, often gathers in 1 time after starting harvesting, chases after disposable fertilizer, when plant height length is to 10 centimetres after harvesting,
With reference to ridging, instant nitrogenousfertilizer is applied, imposes 8 kilograms of urea per acre, weather turns cool, stops watering, freeze-up water is poured once before freeze-up；
（10）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Strengthen tillage and weeding, clean rural area, strengthen fertilizer and water management, improve anti-adversity ability, lured using sugar wine vinegar liquid
Adult is killed, sugar, wine, vinegar, water, 90% metrifonate crystal are pressed 3:3:1:10:0.5 ratio makes solution, per acre 1-3 boxes, at any time
Addition, holding are not done, and trap and kill various fly type pests；（11）Harvesting in due course：Gathered in when leek grows to 25 centimetres, select the morning of fine day
Morning gathers in, and 2-4 centimetres away from ground of knife during harvesting, is advisable with scarfing in yellow, and scarfing answers neat and consistent, and one was gathered in per 20-25 days
Stubble, used tool will clean, is hygienic, is pollution-free during harvesting.
Further illustrate, before the method for sowing includes sowing, furrow surface soil first is acted a part, sowing of sieving for subsequent use
Earthing, then shallow hoe hug flat, first pour once bottom water, about 3.3 centimetres of depths, after water ooze it is lower after pour 3.3 centimetres or so deep water again, treat
Water ooze it is lower after seed is uniformly spread down, then 1.5 centimetres or so of earthing, secondary daily tooth harrow is hugged flat, and mulch clayed aluminium alloy is used after broadcasting,
After the seed sprouting for having more than 30%, mulch is thrown off in time, is found the lodging that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, to be mended the soil moistened a bit again.
Further illustrating, weeding also can prevent and kill off monocotyledon weed with herbicides such as Quizalotop-ethyl, cover grass energies, or after planting
With 30% 100-150 grams per acre of weeding promoting lactation oil before emergence, 50 kilograms of sprinkling furrow faces are watered.
Further illustrate, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, its method includes（1）Area spray, adult full incidence period are suitable
2.5% metrifonate pulvis is spread fertilizer over the fields on ridge, spreads fertilizer over the fields 2-2.6 kilograms per acre, or 1000 times of 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is sprayed in morning 9-11
200 times of liquid of liquid or 2.5% deltamethrin milk oil, also can spray 75% cyromazine after watering promotes pest uplink, 6-10 grams per acre；
（2）Pouring root：Early spring April early and middle ten days, late fall October early and middle ten days carry out medicament pouring root prevention, per acre with 1.1% matrine pulvis
2-4 kilograms, it is watered 1000-2000 kilograms, or with 400-500 milliliters of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 500 times of liquid or 48% Le Siben missible oil
It is watered 1000 kilograms, pouring root 1 time, pouring root method：Push leek rhizome table soil nearby aside, leek is directed at the sprayer for removing nozzle
Root sprays, earthing immediately after spray.
Further illustrate, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes Liriomyza and prevents, and in spawning period to larvae hatch initial stage, sprays 75% and goes out
5000-7000 times of liquid of fly amine or 1500-2000 times of 2.5% decis, 20% fenvalerate or other pyrethrin pesticides liquid spraying.
Further illustrate, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including thrips, in larva occurance peak, sprays 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 1000
Times 3000 times of liquid of 4000 times of liquid of liquid or 10% imidacloprid or 30% Acetamiprid or 2.5% decis class 1500-2000 times of liquid of pesticide.
Further illustrating, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including gray mold, including（1）Fumigation：With 45% Bravo or iprodione
Fumicants, 110 grams or 10% 260-300 grams of procymidone fumicants, divide and put at 5-6, lighted at dusk per acre, close canopy room and smoke a night；
（2）Soot technique：With 6.5% ten thousand mould clever dust agent, 1 kilogram per acre, spray 1 time within 7 days, even spray 2 times；（3）Dust cloud method：With 50% Sukeling
1000 times of liquid of wettable powder or 1000-1600 times of liquid of iprodione wettable powder or 65% sulphur bacterium, mould prestige wettable powder 1000
The spraying of times liquid, 7 days 1 time, even spray 2 times.
Further illustrating, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes epidemic prevention and control, including（1）Soot technique：With 6.5% ten thousand mould clever dust agent, often
1 kilogram of mu, sprays 1 time, even spray 2 times for 7 days；（2）Early stage sprays 25% metalaxyl wettable powder, 750 times of liquid or 50% first frost copper
600 times of liquid of wettable powder or 72% cymoxanil mancozeb wettable powder, 60% 600 times of liquid irrigating roots of amber aliette wettable powder or spray
Mist, spray time in 10 days, is used alternatingly 2-3 times.
Further illustrate, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including rust, 15% triadimefon wettable powder 1000- of early stage
3000 times of liquid of 1500 times of liquid or 25% Tilt EC, 10 days or so 1 time, even spray 2 times, it is also possible to which olefin conversion, Triadimenol etc. are anti-
Control.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：Cultural method using the present invention, pest and disease damage is few,
Yield is high, and stablizes, and can improve the harvest of leek, increases the income of peasant.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but is not limited the scope of the invention
And application range：
Embodiment 1
A kind of leek high yield cultivating method, comprises the following steps：(1) seed treatment：With 30 DEG C of water seed soakings 8 it is small when, remove it is miscellaneous
Matter and flat seed, are wrapped after the mucus on seed is cleaned with wet cloth, are placed on vernalization in 15 DEG C of environment, rinse 1 with clear water daily
It is secondary, 50% seed show money or valuables one carries unintentionally point when sow；（2）Site preparation：Soil is deep ploughed less than 20 centimetres before broadcasting, and with reference to fertilising, thin rake, whole after ploughing
Flat to do furrow, conditional ground can play high ridge cultivation, can also flat bedding cultivation in order to draining；（3）Fertilising：With reference to site preparation, often
Mu spreads fertilizer over the fields high-quality 5000 kilograms of decomposed manure, 6 kilograms of urea, 10 kilograms of calcium superphosphate；（4）Sowing：In late March to May
In the first tenday period of a month, need 4 kilograms of kind, 1.5 kilograms of open country culturing and transplanting seedlings per acre；Type of seeding：Before sowing, furrow surface soil first is acted one
Point, sieve for subsequent use sowing earthing, and then shallow hoe is hugged flat, first pours once bottom water, about 3.3 centimetres of depths, after water ooze it is lower after pour 3.3 again
Centimetre or so deep water, after water ooze it is lower after seed uniformly spread down, then 1.5 centimetres or so of earthing, secondary daily tooth harrow is hugged flat, protects
Hold table soil it is not only loose but also moisten, be conducive to germination and be unearthed.Mulch clayed aluminium alloy is used after broadcasting, treats that more than 30% seed goes out
After seedling, throws off mulch in time, to prevent burn seedlings, finds the lodging that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, to mend the soil moistened a bit again；（5）Watering top dressing：With reference to pouring
Water imposes instant nitrogenousfertilizer 2 times, imposes 6 kilograms of urea per acre；（6）Weeding：Timely artificial uprooting weed, removes invalid plant after emergence；
Weeding can also prevent and kill off monocotyledon weed with herbicides such as Quizalotop-ethyl, cover grass energies, or with 30% weeding promoting lactation before after planting emergence
100 grams per acre of oil, is watered 50 kilograms of sprinkling furrow faces.（7）Field planting：Spring sowing seedling is colonized after the Summer Solstice, and summer sowing seedling is fixed before and after Great Heat
Plant.To stagger during field planting high humidity season, because leek slow seedling is grown after being unfavorable for field planting at this time, by leek lifting, cut short fibrous root, stay
2 centimetres, blade tip is cut short, stays leaf to grow 10 centimetres, by 18 centimetres of line-spacing, 10 centimetres of hill spacing in furrow, 7 plants of seedling is planted per cave；（8）Temperature
Management：After canopy room is closed, kept for 20 DEG C of daytime, 12 DEG C of night, when plant height grows to more than 10 centimetres, daytime is kept for 16 DEG C, in canopy
Temperature will leak informaton wet down more than 24 DEG C, and insulation is strengthened in the cultivation of winter Small plastic shed, and night is maintained at more than 6 DEG C；（9）Fertilizer and water management：
After field planting, when new root young leaves occurs, can topdressing and watering, impose 10 kilograms of urea with water per acre, the 4 leaf phase of seedling, to control water and prevent
Excessive growth, and strengthen intertillage, weeding, when growing to for 6 leaf phases and starting tiller, occur jumping root phenomenon, Gai Sha, firming can be carried out or helped
Ridge is earthed up, in order to avoid root system exposes native face, when 20 centimetres of height of seedling, stops topdressing and watering, in case harvesting, is often gathered in after starting harvesting
1 time, disposable fertilizer is chased after, when plant height length is to 10 centimetres after harvesting, with reference to ridging, instant nitrogenousfertilizer is applied, imposes 8 kilograms of urea, day per acre
Gas turns cool, stops watering, freeze-up water is poured once before freeze-up；（10）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Strengthen tillage and weeding, clean rural area, strengthen
Fertilizer and water management, improves anti-adversity ability, and adult is trapped and killed using sugar wine vinegar liquid, and sugar, wine, vinegar, water, 90% metrifonate crystal are pressed 3:3:
1:10:0.5 ratio makes solution, and 1 box, is added at any time per acre, and holding is not done, and traps and kills various fly type pests；The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Prevented including fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, its method includes 1）Area spray, adult full incidence period, spreads fertilizer over the fields 2.5% metrifonate pulvis along ridge, spreads fertilizer over the fields 2 per acre
Kilogram, or 200 times of liquid of 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid or 2.5% deltamethrin milk oil are sprayed in morning 9-11, also can be
Watering sprays 75% cyromazine after promoting pest uplink, 6 grams per acre；2）Pouring root：Early spring April early and middle ten days, late fall is in early and middle ten days in October
Medicament pouring root prevention is carried out, per acre with 2 kilograms of 1.1% matrine pulvis, is watered 1000 kilograms, or with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 500
400 milliliters of times liquid or 48% Le Siben missible oil are watered 1000 kilograms, pouring root 1 time, pouring root method：Push leek rhizome table soil nearby aside,
Leek root is directed at the sprayer for removing nozzle to spray, earthing immediately after spray.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including Liriomyza,
In spawning period to larvae hatch initial stage, spray 75% cyromazine, 5000 times of liquid or 2.5% decis, 20% fenvalerate or other
1500 times of liquid sprayings of pyrethrin pesticide.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including thrips, in larva occurance peak, sprays 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate
3000 times of liquid of 4000 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid or 10% imidacloprid or 30% Acetamiprid or 2.5% 1500 times of liquid of decis class pesticide.Disease
Pest control is prevented including gray mold, including 1）Fumigation：With 45% Bravo or iprodione fumicants, per acre 110 grams or 10% corruption
Mould 260 grams of fumicants of profit, divides and puts at 5-6, lighted at dusk, closes canopy room and smokes a night；2）Soot technique：With 6.5% ten thousand mould clever dust
Agent, sprays 1 time, even spray 2 times for 7 days by 1 kilogram per acre；3）Dust cloud method：With 50% Sukeling wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid or iprodione
1000 times of liquid of wettable powder or 1000 times of 65% sulphur bacterium, mould prestige wettable powder liquid sprayings, 7 days 1 time, even spray 2 times.Pest and disease damage
Prevention includes epidemic prevention and control, including 1）Soot technique：With 6.5% ten thousand mould clever dust agent, 1 kilogram per acre, spray 1 time within 7 days, even spray 2 times；
2）Early stage sprays 25% metalaxyl wettable powder, 750 times of liquid or 50% 600 times of liquid of first frost copper wettable powder or 72% white urea
Mancozeb wettable powder, 60% 600 times of liquid irrigating roots of amber aliette wettable powder or spraying, spray time in 10 days, are used alternatingly 2 times.Disease
Pest control is prevented including rust, early stage 15% triadimefon wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid or 25% Tilt EC 3000
Times liquid, 10 days or so 1 time, even spray 2 times, it is also possible to which olefin conversion, Triadimenol etc. are prevented.（11）Harvesting in due course：When leek grows to 25
Centimetre when gather in, select gather in the morning of fine day, 2 centimetres away from ground of knife during harvesting, is advisable, scarfing answers neat one with scarfing in yellow
Cause, gather in one batch within every 20 days, used tool will clean, is hygienic, is pollution-free during harvesting.
Embodiment 2
A kind of leek high yield cultivating method, comprises the following steps：(1) seed treatment：With 40 DEG C of water seed soakings 12 it is small when, remove it is miscellaneous
Matter and flat seed, are wrapped after the mucus on seed is cleaned with wet cloth, are placed on vernalization in 20 DEG C of environment, rinse 2 with clear water daily
It is secondary, 50% seed show money or valuables one carries unintentionally point when sow；（2）Site preparation：Soil is deep ploughed less than 20 centimetres before broadcasting, and with reference to fertilising, thin rake, whole after ploughing
Flat to do furrow, conditional ground can play high ridge cultivation, can also flat bedding cultivation in order to draining；（3）Fertilising：With reference to site preparation, often
Mu spreads fertilizer over the fields high-quality 6000 kilograms of decomposed manure, 6 kilograms of urea, 10 kilograms of calcium superphosphate；（4）Sowing：In late March to May
In the first tenday period of a month, need 5 kilograms of kind, 2 kilograms of open country culturing and transplanting seedlings per acre；Type of seeding：Before sowing, furrow surface soil first is acted a part,
Sieve for subsequent use sowing earthing, and then shallow hoe is hugged flat, first pours once bottom water, about 3.3 centimetres of depths, after water ooze it is lower after pour 3.3 centimetres again
The water of left and right depth, after water ooze it is lower after seed uniformly spread down, then 1.5 centimetres or so of earthing, secondary daily tooth harrow is hugged flat, keeps table
Soil is not only loose but also moistens, and is conducive to germination and is unearthed.Mulch clayed aluminium alloy is used after broadcasting, after the seed sprouting for having more than 35%,
Mulch is thrown off in time, to prevent burn seedlings, the lodging that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally is found, to mend the soil moistened a bit again；（5）Watering top dressing：Chased after with reference to watering
Apply instant nitrogenousfertilizer 2-3 times, impose 8 kilograms of urea per acre；（6）Weeding：Timely artificial uprooting weed, removes invalid plant after emergence；Remove
Grass can also prevent and kill off monocotyledon weed with herbicides such as Quizalotop-ethyl, cover grass energies, or with 30% weeding promoting lactation oil before after planting emergence
150 grams per acre, it is watered 50 kilograms of sprinkling furrow faces.（7）Field planting：Spring sowing seedling is colonized after the Summer Solstice, and summer sowing seedling is being colonized around Great Heat.
By leek lifting, fibrous root is cut short, 3 centimetres is stayed, cuts short blade tip, stays leaf to grow 10 centimetres, by 20 centimetres of line-spacing, 10 lis of hill spacing in furrow
Rice, 10 plants of seedling is planted per cave；（8）Temperature treatment：After canopy room is closed, keep 24 DEG C of daytime, 14 DEG C of night, plant height grow to 10 centimetres with
When upper, daytime is kept for 20 DEG C, and temperature of shed will leak informaton wet down more than 24 DEG C, and insulation is strengthened in the cultivation of winter Small plastic shed, and night keeps
More than 6 DEG C；（9）Fertilizer and water management：After field planting, when new root young leaves occurs, can topdressing and watering, it is public to impose urea 15 with water per acre
Jin, the 4 leaf phase of seedling, will control the anti-excessive growth of water, and strengthen intertillage, weeding, when growing to for 6 leaf phases and starting tiller, occur jumping root phenomenon,
Gai Sha, firming or support ridger ridging can be carried out, in order to avoid root system exposes native face, when 20 centimetres of height of seedling, stops topdressing and watering, in case
Harvesting, often gathers in 1 time after starting harvesting, chases after disposable fertilizer, when plant height length is to 10 centimetres after harvesting, with reference to ridging, apply instant nitrogenousfertilizer,
8 kilograms of urea is imposed per acre, and weather turns cool, stops watering, freeze-up water is poured once before freeze-up；（10）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：In reinforcement
Weeding, clean rural area, strengthen fertilizer and water management, improve anti-adversity ability, using sugar wine vinegar liquid trap and kill adult, by sugar, wine, vinegar, water,
90% metrifonate crystal presses 3:3:1:10:0.5 ratio makes solution, and 1-3 boxes, are added at any time per acre, and holding is not done, and trapping is each
Kind fly type pests；The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, its method includes 1）Area spray, adult full incidence period, spreads fertilizer over the fields along ridge
2.5% metrifonate pulvis, spreads fertilizer over the fields 2.6 kilograms per acre, or 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid or 2.5% are sprayed in morning 9-11
200 times of liquid of deltamethrin milk oil, also can spray 75% cyromazine after watering promotes pest uplink, 10 grams per acre；2）Pouring root：Early spring
April early and middle ten days, late fall October early and middle ten days carry out medicament pouring root prevention, per acre with 4 kilograms of 1.1% matrine pulvis, be watered
2000 kilograms, or it is watered 1000 kilograms with 500 milliliters of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 500 times of liquid or 48% Le Siben missible oil, pouring root 1 time,
Pouring root method：Push leek rhizome table soil nearby aside, being directed at leek root with the sprayer for removing nozzle sprays, after spray immediately
Earthing.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes Liriomyza prevention, in spawning period to larvae hatch initial stage, spray 75% cyromazine, 7000 times of liquid or
2000 times of 2.5% decis, 20% fenvalerate or other pyrethrin pesticides liquid sprayings.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including thrips,
In larva occurance peak, 3000 times of liquid of 4000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid or 10% imidacloprid or 30% Acetamiprid are sprayed
Or 2.5% 2000 times of liquid of decis class pesticide.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including gray mold, including 1）Fumigation：With 45,%00 bacterium
Clear or iprodione fumicants, 110 grams or 300 grams of 10% procymidone fumicants, divide and put at 5-6, lighted at dusk per acre, close canopy room and smoke
One night；2）Soot technique：With 6.5% ten thousand mould clever dust agent, 1 kilogram per acre, spray 1 time within 7 days, even spray 2 times；3）Dust cloud method：With 50% speed
1600 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid of kairine wettable powder or iprodione wettable powder or 65% sulphur bacterium, mould prestige wettable powder 1000
The spraying of times liquid, 7 days 1 time, even spray 2 times.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes epidemic prevention and control, including 1）Soot technique：With 6.5% ten thousand mould clever dust
Agent, sprays 1 time, even spray 2 times for 7 days by 1 kilogram per acre；2）Early stage sprays 25% metalaxyl wettable powder, 750 times of liquid or 50% first
White 600 times of liquid of copper wettable powder or 72% cymoxanil mancozeb wettable powder, 60% 600 times of liquid irrigating roots of amber aliette wettable powder
Or spraying, spray time in 10 days, is used alternatingly 3 times.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including rust, 15% triadimefon wettable of early stage
3000 times of liquid of 1500 times of liquid of pulvis or 25% Tilt EC, 10 days or so 1 time, even spray 2 times, it is also possible to olefin conversion, Triadimenol etc.
Prevention.（11）Harvesting in due course：Gathered in when leek grows to 25 centimetres, select gather in the morning of fine day, 4 lis away from ground of knife during harvesting
Rice, is advisable with scarfing in yellow, and scarfing answers neat and consistent, gathers in one batch within every 25 days, used tool is clear during harvesting
It is clean, hygienic, pollution-free.
Embodiment 3
A kind of leek high yield cultivating method, comprises the following steps：(1) seed treatment：With 35 DEG C of water seed soakings 10 it is small when, remove it is miscellaneous
Matter and flat seed, are wrapped after the mucus on seed is cleaned with wet cloth, are placed on vernalization in 18 DEG C of environment, rinse 2 with clear water daily
It is secondary, 50% seed show money or valuables one carries unintentionally point when sow；（2）Site preparation：Soil is deep ploughed less than 20 centimetres before broadcasting, and with reference to fertilising, thin rake, whole after ploughing
Flat to do furrow, conditional ground can play high ridge cultivation, can also flat bedding cultivation in order to draining；（3）Fertilising：With reference to site preparation, often
Mu spreads fertilizer over the fields high-quality 5500 kilograms of decomposed manure, 6 kilograms of urea, 10 kilograms of calcium superphosphate；（4）Sowing：In late March to May
In the first tenday period of a month, need 4.5 kilograms of kind, 1.8 kilograms of open country culturing and transplanting seedlings per acre；Type of seeding：Before sowing, furrow surface soil first is acted one
Point, sieve for subsequent use sowing earthing, and then shallow hoe is hugged flat, first pours once bottom water, about 3.3 centimetres of depths, after water ooze it is lower after pour 3.3 again
Centimetre or so deep water, after water ooze it is lower after seed uniformly spread down, then 1.5 centimetres or so of earthing, secondary daily tooth harrow is hugged flat, protects
Hold table soil it is not only loose but also moisten, be conducive to germination and be unearthed.Mulch clayed aluminium alloy is used after broadcasting, treats that more than 30% seed goes out
After seedling, throws off mulch in time, to prevent burn seedlings, finds the lodging that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, to mend the soil moistened a bit again；（5）Watering top dressing：With reference to pouring
Water imposes instant nitrogenousfertilizer 3 times, imposes 7 kilograms of urea per acre,（6）Weeding：Timely artificial uprooting weed, removes invalid plant after emergence；
Weeding can also prevent and kill off monocotyledon weed with herbicides such as Quizalotop-ethyl, cover grass energies, or with 30% weeding promoting lactation before after planting emergence
120 grams per acre of oil, is watered 50 kilograms of sprinkling furrow faces.（7）Field planting：Spring sowing seedling is colonized after the Summer Solstice, and summer sowing seedling is fixed before and after Great Heat
Plant.By leek lifting, cut short fibrous root, stay 2.5 centimetres, cut short blade tip, stay leaf grow 10 centimetres, in furrow by 18-20 centimetres of line-spacing,
10 centimetres of hill spacing, 9 plants of seedling is planted per cave；（8）Temperature treatment：After canopy room is closed, kept for 22 DEG C of daytime, at 13 DEG C of night, plant height is grown to
At more than 10 centimetres, daytime is kept for 18 DEG C, and temperature of shed will leak informaton wet down more than 24 DEG C, and insulation is strengthened in the cultivation of winter Small plastic shed,
Night is maintained at more than 6 DEG C；（9）Fertilizer and water management：After field planting, when new root young leaves occurs, can topdressing and watering, imposed per acre with water
12 kilograms of urea, the 4 leaf phase of seedling, will control the anti-excessive growth of water, and strengthen intertillage, weeding, when growing to for 6 leaf phases and starting tiller, occur
Root phenomenon is jumped, Gai Sha, firming or support ridger ridging can be carried out, in order to avoid root system exposes native face, when 20 centimetres of height of seedling, stops top dressing
Watering, in case harvesting, often gathers in 1 time after starting harvesting, chase after disposable fertilizer, when plant height length is to 10 centimetres after harvesting, with reference to ridging, apply
Instant nitrogenousfertilizer, imposes 8 kilograms of urea per acre, and weather turns cool, stops watering, freeze-up water is poured once before freeze-up；（10）Pest and disease damage is prevented
Control：Strengthen tillage and weeding, clean rural area, strengthen fertilizer and water management, improve anti-adversity ability, using sugar wine vinegar liquid trap and kill adult, by sugar,
Wine, vinegar, water, 90% metrifonate crystal press 3:3:1:10:0.5 ratio makes solution, and 1-3 boxes, are added at any time per acre, keeps not
It is dry, trap and kill various fly type pests；The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, its method includes 1）Area spray, adult full incidence period are suitable
2.5% metrifonate pulvis is spread fertilizer over the fields on ridge, is spread fertilizer over the fields per acre, 2.3 kilograms, or 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid are sprayed in morning 9-11
Or 2.5% deltamethrin milk oil, 200 times of liquid, also 75% cyromazine can be sprayed after watering promotes pest uplink, 8 grams per acre；2）Pouring root：
Early spring April early and middle ten days, late fall October early and middle ten days carry out medicament pouring root prevention, per acre with 1.1% 2-4 kilograms of matrine pulvis,
1500 kilograms are watered, or 1000 kilograms are watered with 450 milliliters of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 500 times of liquid or 48% Le Siben missible oil, pouring root 1
It is secondary, pouring root method：Push leek rhizome table soil nearby aside, being directed at leek root with the sprayer for removing nozzle sprays, after spray
Earthing immediately.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes Liriomyza prevention, in spawning period to larvae hatch initial stage, sprays 6000 times of 75% cyromazine
Liquid or 1800 times of 2.5% decis, 20% fenvalerate or other pyrethrin pesticides liquid sprayings.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including thrips
Control, in larva occurance peak, spray 3000 times of 4000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid or 10% imidacloprid or 30% Acetamiprid
Liquid or 2.5% 1800 times of liquid of decis class pesticide.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including gray mold, including 1）Fumigation：With 45,%00
Bacterium is clear or iprodione fumicants, per acre 110 grams or 280 grams of 10% procymidone fumicants, point puts 5-6 at, is lighted at dusk, closing canopy room
A smoked night；2）Soot technique：With 6.5% ten thousand mould clever dust agent, 1 kilogram per acre, spray 1 time within 7 days, even spray 2 times；3）Dust cloud method：With 50%
1400 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid of Sukeling wettable powder or iprodione wettable powder or 65% sulphur bacterium, mould prestige wettable powder
1000 times of liquid sprayings, 7 days 1 time, even spray 2 times.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes epidemic prevention and control, including 1）Soot technique：With 6.5% ten thousand mould spirit
Dust agent, sprays 1 time, even spray 2 times for 7 days by 1 kilogram per acre；2）Early stage spray 25% metalaxyl wettable powder, 750 times of liquid or
50% 600 times of liquid of first frost copper wettable powder or 72% cymoxanil mancozeb wettable powder, 60% 600 times of amber aliette wettable powder
Liquid irrigating root or spraying, spray time in 10 days, are used alternatingly 3 times.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including rust, 15% triadimefon of early stage
3000 times of liquid of 1200 times of liquid of wettable powder or 25% Tilt EC, 10 days or so 1 time, even spray 2 times, it is also possible to olefin conversion, three
Azoles alcohol etc. is prevented.（11）Harvesting in due course：Gathered in when leek grows to 25 centimetres, select gather in the morning of fine day, knife is away from ground during harvesting
3 centimetres of face, is advisable with scarfing in yellow, and scarfing answers neat and consistent, gathers in one batch within every 22 days, the used tool during harvesting
Clean, is hygienic, is pollution-free.
The present invention field planting before do not gather in, to promote fragrant-flowered garlic seedling to support root, to be colonized when to reach strong sprout standard.Strong sprout standard：Seedling
In 80-90 days age, 15-20 centimetres of height of seedling, single plant is without disease pest, no lodging phenomenon.There is jump root phenomenon and refer to that the root-like stock of tiller exists
The top of former root-like stock.
Cultural method using the present invention, pest and disease damage is few, and yield is high, and stablizes, and can improve the harvest of leek, increases agriculture
The income of the people.
Above content is that a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, it is impossible to is assert
The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention,
Some equivalent substitutes or obvious modification are made on the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, and performance or purposes are identical, all should
It is considered as belonging to the scope of patent protection that the present invention is determined by the claims submitted.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of leek high yield cultivating method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) seed treatment：With 30-40 DEG C of warm water
When the 8-12 that soaks seed is small, impurity and flat seed are removed, is wrapped after the mucus on seed is cleaned with wet cloth, is placed on 15-20 DEG C of environment
Middle vernalization, is rinsed 1-2 times with clear water daily, 50% seed show money or valuables one carries unintentionally point when sow；（2）Site preparation：Before broadcasting soil deep plough 20 centimetres with
Under, with reference to fertilising, thin rake after ploughing, furrow are done in leveling, and conditional ground can play high ridge cultivation, can also flat bedding cultivation；（3）Apply
Fertilizer：With reference to site preparation, high-quality 5000-6000 kilograms of decomposed manure, 6 kilograms of urea, 10 kilograms of calcium superphosphate are spread fertilizer over the fields per acre；（4）
Sowing：In late March to the first tenday period of a month in May, kind 4-5 kilograms is needed per acre, 1.5-2 kilograms of open country culturing and transplanting seedlings；（5）Watering top dressing：Knot
Close watering and impose instant nitrogenousfertilizer 2-3 times, impose 6-8 kilograms of urea per acre；（6）Weeding：Timely artificial uprooting weed after emergence, removes disease
Residual plant；（7）Field planting：Spring sowing seedling is colonized after the Summer Solstice, and summer sowing seedling is being colonized around Great Heat, by leek lifting, is cut short fibrous root, is stayed
2-3 centimetres, blade tip is cut short, stays leaf to grow 10 centimetres, by 18-20 centimetres of line-spacing, 10 centimetres of hill spacing in furrow, seedling 7-10 is planted per cave
Strain；（8）Temperature treatment：After canopy room is closed, kept for 20-24 DEG C of daytime, 12-14 DEG C of night, when plant height grows to more than 10 centimetres, in vain
It is kept for 16-20 DEG C, and temperature of shed will leak informaton wet down more than 24 DEG C, and insulation is strengthened in the cultivation of winter Small plastic shed, and night is maintained at 6 DEG C
More than；（9）Fertilizer and water management：After field planting, when new root young leaves occurs, can topdressing and watering, per acre with water impose urea 10-15 public affairs
Jin, the 4 leaf phase of seedling, will control the anti-excessive growth of water, and strengthen intertillage, weeding, when growing to for 6 leaf phases and starting tiller, occur jumping root phenomenon,
Gai Sha, firming or support ridger ridging can be carried out, when 20 centimetres of height of seedling, stops topdressing and watering, in case harvesting, is started every after harvesting
Harvesting 1 time, chases after disposable fertilizer, when plant height length is to 10 centimetres after harvesting, with reference to ridging, applies instant nitrogenousfertilizer, and it is public to impose urea 8 per acre
Jin, weather turn cool, stop watering, freeze-up water is poured once before freeze-up；（10）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Strengthen tillage and weeding, clean rural area,
Strengthen fertilizer and water management, improve anti-adversity ability, trap and kill adult using sugar wine vinegar liquid, sugar, wine, vinegar, water, 90% metrifonate crystal are pressed
3:3:1:10:0.5 ratio makes solution, and 1-3 boxes, are added at any time per acre, and holding is not done, and traps and kills various fly type pests；（11）
Harvesting in due course：Gathered in when leek grows to 25 centimetres, select gather in the morning of fine day, 2-4 centimetres away from ground of knife during harvesting, with scarfing
It is advisable in yellow, scarfing answers neat and consistent, one batch is gathered in per 20-25 days, used tool will be cleaned, defended during harvesting
It is raw, pollution-free.
2. a kind of leek high yield cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the method for sowing includes sowing
Before, furrow surface soil first is acted a part, sieve for subsequent use sowing earthing, and then shallow hoe is hugged flat, first pours once bottom water, about 3.3 lis
Meter Shen, after water ooze it is lower after pour 3.3 centimetres or so deep water again, after water ooze it is lower after seed uniformly spread down, then 1.5 centimetres of earthing
Left and right, secondary daily tooth harrow are hugged flat, and mulch clayed aluminium alloy is used after broadcasting, after the seed sprouting for having more than 30%, throws off mulch in time,
It was found that the lodging that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, will mend the soil moistened a bit again.
3. a kind of leek high yield cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that weeding can also use Quizalotop-ethyl, lid grass
The herbicides such as energy prevent and kill off monocotyledon weed, or are watered 50 with 30% 100-150 grams per acre of weeding promoting lactation oil before after planting emergence
Kilogram sprinkling furrow face.
A kind of 4. leek high yield cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including fragrant-flowered garlic maggot,
Its method includes（1）Area spray, adult full incidence period, spreads fertilizer over the fields 2.5% metrifonate pulvis along ridge, spreads fertilizer over the fields 2-2.6 kilograms per acre, or
200 times of liquid of 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid or 2.5% deltamethrin milk oil are sprayed in morning 9-11, can also be promoted in watering
75% cyromazine is sprayed after pest uplink, 6-10 grams per acre；（2）Pouring root：Early spring April early and middle ten days, late fall October early and middle ten days carry out
Medicament pouring root prevents, and per acre with 1.1% 2-4 kilograms of matrine pulvis, is watered 1000-2000 kilograms, or with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate
400-500 milliliters of 500 times of liquid or 48% Le Siben missible oil are watered 1000 kilograms, pouring root 1 time, pouring root method：It is attached to push leek rhizome aside
Nearly table soil, is directed at leek root with the sprayer for removing nozzle and sprays, earthing immediately after spray.
5. a kind of leek high yield cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including Liriomyza
Control, in spawning period to larvae hatch initial stage, spray 5000-7000 times of liquid of 75% cyromazine or 2.5% decis, 20% cyanogen, penta chrysanthemum
The 1500-2000 times of liquid spraying of ester or other pyrethrin pesticides.
A kind of 6. leek high yield cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including thrips,
In larva occurance peak, 3000 times of liquid of 4000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid or 10% imidacloprid or 30% Acetamiprid are sprayed
Or 2.5% decis class 1500-2000 times of liquid of pesticide.
7. a kind of leek high yield cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including gray mold
Control, including（1）Fumigation：With 45% Bravo or iprodione fumicants, 110 grams or 10% 260-300 grams of procymidone fumicants, divide per acre
Put at 5-6, lighted at dusk, close canopy room and smoke a night；（2）Soot technique：With 6.5% ten thousand mould clever dust agent, 1 kilogram per acre, 7 days
Spray 1 time, even spray 2 times；（3）Dust cloud method：With 50% Sukeling wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid or iprodione wettable powder 1000-
1600 times of liquid or 1000 times of 65% sulphur bacterium, mould prestige wettable powder liquid sprayings, 7 days 1 time, even spray 2 times.
A kind of 8. leek high yield cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes epidemic prevention and control,
Including（1）Soot technique：With 6.5% ten thousand mould clever dust agent, 1 kilogram per acre, spray 1 time within 7 days, even spray 2 times；（2）Early stage sprays
25% 750 times of metalaxyl wettable powder liquid or 50% 600 times of liquid of first frost copper wettable powder or 72% cymoxanil mancozeb wettable powder
Agent, 60% 600 times of liquid irrigating roots of amber aliette wettable powder or spraying, spray time in 10 days, are used alternatingly 2-3 times.
A kind of 9. leek high yield cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is prevented including rust,
Early stage 3000 times of liquid of 15% 1000-1500 times of liquid of triadimefon wettable powder or 25% Tilt EC, 10 days or so 1
It is secondary, even spray 2 times, it is also possible to which olefin conversion, Triadimenol etc. are prevented.
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| CN108718976A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-11-02 | 贵州永成利生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of low pesticide residue leek |
| CN108739192A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-06 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of method for safely planting of high-quality leek |
| CN109566318A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-05 | 吴炜 | A kind of cultural method of coarse leek |
| CN109819793A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-05-31 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | A kind of method for growing vegetables for preventing limb from lodging |
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