CN117243104A - Method for rapidly greening by using ryegrass - Google Patents
Method for rapidly greening by using ryegrass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117243104A CN117243104A CN202311531586.XA CN202311531586A CN117243104A CN 117243104 A CN117243104 A CN 117243104A CN 202311531586 A CN202311531586 A CN 202311531586A CN 117243104 A CN117243104 A CN 117243104A
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- Prior art keywords
- grass
- fixedly connected
- blanket
- soil
- ryegrass
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- 241000209082 Lolium Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000380130 Ehrharta erecta Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000234643 Festuca arundinacea Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000152045 Themeda triandra Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000100545 Lolium multiflorum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001504664 Crossocheilus latius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004296 Lolium perenne Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for rapidly greening by utilizing ryegrass, which comprises the following steps: s11, soaking ryegrass seeds in water for 45-50 hours; s12, fishing out and spreading the grass seeds on a water planting seedling tray, wherein the particles are tightly gapless and have the thickness of 0.4-0.6cm; s13, placing the seedling tray into a greenhouse for cultivation; s21, pruning; s22, paving 1.5-2.5cm of planting sand in the planting box by using a grass blanket production line, scraping, and then spraying a bactericide; s23, paving a grass blanket on the planting sand; s24, covering planting sand with the thickness of 0.4-0.6cm on the grass blanket by utilizing a grass blanket production line, and completely containing the root system of the grass blanket; s25, complementary sowing; s26, covering a layer of planting sand on the grass blanket production line; s27, watering and maintaining; the method adopts a water culture mode to cultivate the ryegrass blanket, the blanket can be formed in 6-7 days, the lawn can be formed in 9-10 days for use, the time and labor are saved, and the popularization is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of urban greening, in particular to a method for rapidly greening by utilizing ryegrass.
Background
Along with the development of social economy, people attach more importance to the environment, and a large number of parks and communities are greened, so that grass blanket greening becomes a common measure, and the existing grass blanket is planted through artificial soil, for example, a grass blanket cultivation method is disclosed in a patent with a publication number of CN105594419B, and comprises the following steps: (1), sun-drying land: sun-drying the soil on the ground until the thickness of the dried soil is 4-8 cm; (2), plowing: ploughing the soil with the dried surface layer of the ground until the soil is crushed; (3) screening and concentrating crushed soil: then the crushed soil is concentrated and screened by a sieve, and larger soil blocks are thrown away; (4), water channel construction: constructing a ditch for drainage irrigation on the land; (5) Paving the wheat straw on the ground evenly; (6) watering and soaking: injecting water into the ground, soaking the soil and the wheat straw for 2-3 days, discharging the water, and rolling the wheat straw layer and the ground by using a stone roller; (7), paving straw scraps: uniformly scattering wheat straw scraps on the rolled wheat straw layers; (8), paving crushed soil: uniformly scattering the collected crushed soil on the wheat straw scraps; (9), seed sowing: uniformly sowing grass seeds on the crushed soil; (10) re-sprinkling the crushed soil: spreading a layer of crushed soil on the grass seeds, and completely covering the grass seeds; (11), irrigation: supplying water to the canal until the water surface is 5-10 mm lower than the upper end surface of the land, and then fully absorbing water by the land; (12), cultivation management: irrigation and insect disease prevention which are necessary for the growth of the grass blanket; (13), watering before harvesting: watering the grass after the grass is fully mature on the grass blanket, wherein the watering operation is as follows: watering the grass blanket with water, and wetting crushed soil above the wheat straw layer; (14), grass blanket segmentation: cutting the grown grass blanket into blocks by using an instrument; the grass blanket is difficult to be drafted by the technology, the steps are complicated, manual operation is mostly carried out, more labor cost is required to be input, and the lawn forming time is long.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a method for rapidly greening by utilizing ryegrass, which comprises the following steps:
step one: grass blanket cultivation
S11, soaking annual ryegrass seeds in water for 45-50 hours, wherein the water is changed every 7-9 hours;
s12, fishing out and spreading the grass seeds on a water planting seedling tray, wherein the particles are tightly gapless and have the thickness of 0.4-0.6cm;
s13, placing the seedling tray into a greenhouse for cultivation, sprouting for 1-3 days and blanket forming for 6-7 days;
step two: grass blanket transplanting
S21, trimming the ryegrass blanket to a height of 4-6 cm;
s22, paving 1.5-2.5cm of planting sand in the planting box by using a grass blanket production line, scraping, and then spraying a bactericide;
s23, paving the cultivated ryegrass blanket on planting sand;
s24, covering planting sand with the thickness of 0.4-0.6cm on the ryegrass blanket by utilizing a blanket production line, and completely containing the root system of the blanket;
s25, sowing perennial grass seeds in proportion and at a certain sowing rate for one time, and carrying out supplementary sowing;
s26, covering a layer of planting sand on the grass blanket production line to completely cover the grass seeds;
s27, watering, curing and trimming by using a grass blanket production line, and discharging a lawn for use on the 9 th to 10 th days.
In the step S13, the temperature in the greenhouse is 22-25 ℃, the humidity is 35-45%rh, the light supplementing lamp is arranged in the greenhouse, the light supplementing time of the light supplementing lamp is 2-3h/d, and the illumination intensity is 3000-4000LX.
In the step S25, the perennial grass seeds are early maturingGrass and festuca arundinacea; the mass ratio of the bluegrass to the festuca arundinacea is: festuca arundinacea = 6-7:4-3, the sowing quantity of the perennial grass seeds is 30-40g/m 2 。
Moreover, grass blanket production line includes the earthing device, sets up earthing device, cutting equipment and the grass blanket cultivation line side by side, earthing device, two sets of earthing device, the cutting equipment of setting side by side pass through the conveyer belt and set up in proper order from left to right on same production line, be provided with a plurality of planting box on the conveyer belt and remove along with the conveyer belt, grass blanket cultivation line links up with the conveyer belt.
The soil paving equipment comprises a soil storage bin, a lifting assembly and a scraping mechanism;
one end of the lifting assembly is positioned in the rear side of the soil storage bin, and the other end of the lifting assembly is fixedly connected with the guide chute;
the top of the scraping mechanism is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, and the lower end of the guide chute is fixedly connected with the connecting plate; the device comprises a scraping mechanism, a driving screw and a scraping rod, wherein the scraping mechanism is internally provided with the driving screw and the scraping rod, the two ends of the driving screw and the scraping rod are rotatably connected with bearing seats, and the bearing seats are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the scraping mechanism;
the scraping mechanism further comprises a transverse scraping plate and a longitudinal scraping plate; the device comprises a scraping mechanism, a sliding sleeve, a longitudinal scraping plate, a longitudinal screw shell and a longitudinal sliding sleeve, wherein the scraping mechanism is internally provided with two groups of driving screws and a scraping polished rod, one group of driving screws is a transverse driving screw and a longitudinal scraping polished rod, the other group of driving screws and a transverse scraping polished rod are a longitudinal driving screw and a transverse scraping polished rod, the sliding sleeve is arranged on the scraping polished rod, the longitudinal scraping plate is fixedly connected to the transverse screw shell and the transverse sliding sleeve, and the transverse scraping plate is fixedly connected to the longitudinal screw shell and the longitudinal sliding sleeve;
one end of each of the two driving screws is provided with a driving motor I, an avoidance column is fixedly connected between the longitudinal scraping plate and the threaded shell, an avoidance groove is formed in the transverse scraping plate, and the avoidance column slides in the avoidance groove.
Moreover, the bottom surface in the soil storage bin is a slope surface, the front end is high, and the rear end is low; a bracket is arranged below the conveying belt;
the lifting assembly further comprises a feeding belt, a plurality of vertical baffles are uniformly arranged on the feeding belt, two rotating rollers are further arranged at two ends of the feeding belt, and a lifting motor is arranged on one side of one rotating roller.
The soil covering equipment comprises a soil storage box, a spiral feeder and a soil crushing box, wherein the soil storage box is fixed below a conveying belt of the soil covering equipment, one end of the spiral feeder is rotatably connected to the soil storage box, and the other end of the spiral feeder is fixedly connected with the soil crushing box;
the spiral feeder comprises a rotating shaft, a spiral blade and a discharge hole, one end of the rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the soil storage box, the spiral blade is spirally fixed on the rotating shaft, and the discharge hole is fixedly connected with the soil crushing box.
Moreover, the cutting device comprises a tool magazine rack and a tool changing rack;
the tool magazine rack is arranged above the conveying belt, and a tool changing rack is arranged on one side of the tool magazine rack;
the tool magazine frame consists of a support column, sliding guide rails and a cutting assembly, wherein the four groups of sliding guide rails are respectively a bottom layer sliding guide rail, a middle lower layer sliding guide rail, a middle upper layer sliding guide rail and a top layer sliding guide rail, and each group is two;
the bottom layer sliding guide rail, the middle upper layer sliding guide rail and the top layer sliding guide rail are respectively and slidably connected with sliding blocks;
the cutting assembly comprises a fixed frame, the fixed frame is fixedly connected with a sliding block, four sliding columns are further arranged on the fixed frame and vertically inserted into four corners of the outer frame of the lifting tool rest, connecting bars are fixedly connected to the lifting tool rest, cutter connecting rods are fixedly connected to the connecting bars, and cutting tools are fixedly connected to the cutter connecting rods.
The bottom layer sliding guide rail is fixedly connected with a cylinder frame, a cylinder is fixedly connected to the cylinder frame, a through hole is formed in the center of the cylinder frame, and the cylinder is connected with a clamping block through the through hole;
the two connecting strips are fixedly connected with a convex frame, the convex frame is fixedly connected with a clamping auxiliary, and the clamping auxiliary is elastically clamped with the clamping block;
the cutting knives are divided into six Gong Gedao, nine Gong Gedao and twelve Gong Gedao;
the tool changing frame comprises supporting legs, upright posts, a transposition guide rail, a cross beam and a lifting seat plate, wherein the four upright posts are fixedly connected to the supporting legs, the cross beam is fixedly connected to the upright posts, and the lifting seat plate is also fixedly connected to the supporting legs;
the number of the transposition guide rails is two, each transposition guide rail is fixedly connected with two transposition sliding blocks, and the transposition sliding blocks are connected to the upright post in a sliding manner;
the lifting seat boards are provided with two lifting seat boards, a driving motor III is fixedly connected to one lifting seat board, a lifting screw is fixedly connected to the driving motor III, the lifting screw is rotationally connected to the cross beam and the lifting seat boards, a lifting polished rod is fixedly connected to the other lifting seat board, a soil collecting groove is fixedly connected to the transposition guide rail, a threaded sleeve is connected to the lifting screw in a threaded manner, a sliding sleeve is connected to the lifting polished rod in a sliding manner, and the threaded sleeve and the sliding sleeve are respectively and fixedly connected to two sides of the soil collecting groove;
the transposition guide rail is matched with the bottom layer sliding guide rail, the middle upper layer sliding guide rail and the top layer sliding guide rail respectively.
The grass blanket cultivation line comprises a grass blanket transportation line and a grass blanket containing line, the number of the grass blanket containing lines is a plurality of, the grass blanket containing line is slightly higher than the grass blanket transportation line, a lifting cylinder is arranged below the grass blanket transportation line and at the joint of the grass blanket containing line, and a push-pull cylinder is arranged at the outer side of the grass blanket transportation line and at the position opposite to the central line of the grass blanket containing line;
a movable mower is arranged above the grass blanket accommodating line; a water spraying device is arranged above the grass blanket filling line and can move above the grass blanket filling line.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the method adopts the water culture mode to cultivate the ryegrass blanket, firstly adds water to soak grass seeds, changes water every 7-9 hours, soaks the grass seeds for 45-50 hours, promotes the germination rate of seeds, can form the blanket in 6-7 days, can form the lawn in 9-10 days, saves time and labor, and is convenient to popularize.
2. According to the invention, through the soil paving equipment of the grass blanket production line, planting sand can be automatically placed into the planting box and scraped for two times, then the grass blanket is transplanted into the planting box, then the grass blanket production line is used for automatic soil covering, the grass blanket production line is used for secondary soil covering after perennial grass seeds are planted in a complementary mode, the grass blanket is transported to the cutting equipment to cut the grass blanket to a certain specification, then the grass blanket is transported to the grass blanket cultivation line by the conveyor belt to be cultivated, a movable water spraying device is also arranged on the grass blanket cultivation line, watering can be carried out at any time according to needs, meanwhile, a movable mower is also arranged on the grass blanket cultivation line, and unified trimming can be carried out when the growth of seedlings is uneven or the height exceeds the expected value, so that automatic production is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall front view of a grass blanket production line of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a part of a grass blanket production line according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a plant growing and trimming device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a half cross-sectional view of a plant growing and harvesting doctoring apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a strickling mechanism in a plant growing strickling apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a set of earthing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of the overall construction of one of the earth-moving apparatuses of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a cutting device in a grass blanket production line of the present invention;
fig. 11 is an enlarged view of the portion F of fig. 10;
FIG. 12 is a front view of a cutting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a cutting assembly of the cutting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a front view of a cutting assembly of the cutting apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 15 is an enlarged view of a portion G of fig. 14;
fig. 16 is a graph showing the effect of the lolium seeds laid on a hydroponic seedling tray in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing germination of lolium seeds in a tiled water seedling tray at day 3 in example 3 of the present invention;
fig. 18 is a blanket view of the day 6 of example 3 of the present invention.
In the figure: 01. a soil paving device; 011. a soil storage bin; 0124. a bracket; 013. a lifting assembly; 0131. a guide groove; 0132. a feeding belt; 0133. a vertical baffle; 0134. rotating the roller; 014. a strickling mechanism; 01401. a connecting plate; 0141. driving a screw; 0142. scraping the polish rod; 0143. a bearing seat; 0144. a threaded shell; 0145. a slip sleeve; 01450. driving a first motor; 0146. a longitudinal scraping plate; 0147. a transverse scraping plate; 0148. an avoidance column; 0149. an avoidance groove; 2. a conveyor belt; 5. a planting box;
03. a soil covering device; 031. a soil storage tank; 032. a screw feeder; 03201. a rotating shaft; 03202. a helical blade; 03203. a discharge port; 033. a soil breaking box;
04. a cutting device; 043. a tool magazine rack; 0431. a support column; 0432. a sliding guide rail; 04321. a bottom layer sliding guide rail; 043211, sliding blocks; 043212, cylinder frame; 043213, air cylinder; 043214, a clamping block; 04322. a middle lower layer sliding guide rail; 04323. the upper layer slides the guide rail; 04324. a top layer sliding guide rail; 0433. a cutting assembly; 04331. a fixed frame; 043311, a slip column; 043312, lifting tool post; 043313, connecting strips; 043314, cutter bar; 043315, a cutter; 043316, male shelf; 043317, clamping the auxiliary; 044. changing a tool rest; 0441. supporting feet; 0442. a column; 0443. a transposition guide rail; 04431. a transposition slide block; 0444. a cross beam; 0445. lifting the seat board; 04451. a third driving motor; 04452. lifting screw rods; 04453. lifting the polish rod; 04454. a soil collecting groove; 04455. a thread sleeve; 04456. a sliding sleeve;
05. grass blanket cultivation lines; 051. a grass blanket transport line; 052. a grass blanket filling line; 053. a lifting cylinder; 054. a push-pull cylinder; 055. a movable mower; 056. and a water spraying device.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for rapid greening using ryegrass, comprising the steps of:
step one: grass blanket cultivation
S11, soaking annual ryegrass seeds in water, wherein the water is changed every 7 hours, and the soaking time is 45 hours;
s12, fishing out and spreading the grass seeds on a water planting seedling tray, wherein particles are tightly gapless, and the thickness is 0.4cm;
s13, placing the seedling tray into a greenhouse for cultivation, sprouting for 1 day, and forming a blanket for 6 days;
step two: grass blanket transplanting
S21, trimming the ryegrass blanket to a height of 4cm;
s22, paving 1.5cm of planting sand in the planting box by using a grass blanket production line, scraping, and then spraying a bactericide;
s23, paving the cultivated ryegrass blanket on planting sand;
s24, covering planting sand with the thickness of 0.4cm on the ryegrass blanket by utilizing a blanket production line, and completely containing the root system of the blanket;
s25, sowing perennial grass seeds in proportion and at a certain sowing rate for one time, and carrying out supplementary sowing;
s26, covering a layer of planting sand on the grass blanket production line to completely cover the grass seeds;
s27, watering, curing and trimming by using a grass blanket production line, and discharging a lawn for use on the 9 th day.
Further, in the step S13, the temperature in the greenhouse is 22 ℃, the humidity is 35% rh, a light supplementing lamp is arranged in the greenhouse, the light supplementing time of the light supplementing lamp is 2h/d, and the illumination intensity is 3000LX.
Further, in the step S25, the perennial grass seeds are bluegrass and festuca arundinacea; the mass ratio of the bluegrass to the festuca arundinacea is: festuca arundinacea = 6:4, the sowing quantity of the perennial grass seeds is 30g/m 2 。
Further, the grass blanket production line comprises a soil paving device 01, a soil covering device 03, a cutting device 04 and a grass blanket cultivation line 05, wherein the soil paving device 01, the two soil covering devices 03 and the cutting device 04 are sequentially arranged on the same production line from left to right through a conveying belt 2, a plurality of planting boxes 5 are arranged on the conveying belt 2 and move along with the conveying belt 2, and the grass blanket cultivation line 05 is connected with the conveying belt 2.
Further, the soil paving device 01 comprises a soil storage bin 011, a lifting component 013 and a scraping mechanism 014;
one end of the material lifting component 013 is positioned in the rear side of the soil storage bin 011, and the other end of the material lifting component is fixedly connected with the guide chute 0131;
the top of the scraping mechanism 014 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 01401, and the lower end of the guide chute 0131 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 01401; a driving screw 0141 and a strickling rod 0142 are provided in the strickling mechanism 014, bearing blocks 0143 are rotatably connected to both ends of the driving screw 0141 and the strickling rod 0142, and the bearing blocks 0143 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the strickling mechanism 014;
the striking mechanism 014 further includes a transverse striking plate 0147 and a longitudinal striking plate 0146; the scraping mechanism 014 is provided with two groups of driving screws 0141 and scraping rods 0142, one group is a transverse driving screw 0141 and a longitudinal scraping rod 0142, the other group is a longitudinal driving screw 0141 and a transverse scraping rod 0142, the driving screw 0141 is provided with a threaded shell 0144, the scraping rod 0142 is provided with a sliding sleeve 0145, the transverse threaded shell 0144 and the transverse sliding sleeve 0145 are fixedly connected with a longitudinal scraping plate 0146, and the longitudinal threaded shell 0144 and the longitudinal sliding sleeve 0145 are fixedly connected with a transverse scraping plate 0147;
one end of each of the two driving screws 0141 is provided with a driving motor 01450, an avoidance column 0148 is fixedly connected between the longitudinal scraping plate 0146 and the screw shell 0144, an avoidance groove 0149 is formed in the transverse scraping plate 0147, and the avoidance column 0148 slides in the avoidance groove 0149.
Further, the bottom surface inside the soil storage bin 011 is a slope surface, the front end is high, and the rear end is low; a bracket 0124 is arranged below the conveying belt 2;
the lifting assembly 013 further comprises a feeding belt 013, a plurality of vertical baffles 0133 are uniformly arranged on the feeding belt 0132, two rotating rollers 0134 are further arranged at two ends of the feeding belt 0132, and a lifting motor is arranged on one side of one rotating roller 0134.
Further, the soil covering device 03 comprises a soil storage box 031, a screw feeder 032 and a soil crushing box 033, wherein the soil storage box 031 is fixed below a conveying belt 2 of the soil covering device 03, one end of the screw feeder 032 is rotatably connected to the soil storage box 031, and the other end of the screw feeder 032 is fixedly connected with the soil crushing box 033;
the spiral feeder 032 comprises a rotating shaft 03201, a spiral blade 03202 and a discharge port 03203, one end of the rotating shaft 03201 is rotatably connected to the soil storage box 031, the spiral blade 03202 is spirally fixed on the rotating shaft 03201, and the discharge port 03203 is fixedly connected with the soil crushing box 033.
Further, the cutting device 04 comprises a tool magazine frame 043 and a tool changing frame 044;
the tool magazine frame 043 is arranged above the conveying belt 2, and a tool changing frame 044 is arranged on one side of the tool magazine frame 043;
the tool magazine frame 043 is composed of a support column 0431, a sliding guide rail 0432 and a cutting assembly 0433, the sliding guide rail 0432 is provided with four groups, namely a bottom layer sliding guide rail 04321, a middle-lower layer sliding guide rail 04322, a middle-upper layer sliding guide rail 04323 and a top layer sliding guide rail 04324, and each group is two;
the bottom sliding guide rail 04321, the middle upper sliding guide rail 04323 and the top sliding guide rail 04324 are respectively and slidably connected with a sliding block 043211;
the cutting assembly 0433 comprises a fixed frame 04331, the fixed frame 04331 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 043211, four sliding columns 043311 are further arranged on the fixed frame 04331, the sliding columns 043311 are vertically inserted into four corners of the outer frame of the lifting tool rest 043312, a connecting bar 043313 is fixedly connected to the lifting tool rest 043312, a cutter connecting rod 043314 is fixedly connected to the connecting bar 043313, and a cutter 043315 is fixedly connected to the cutter connecting rod 043314.
Further, an air cylinder frame 043212 is fixedly connected to the bottom sliding guide rail 04321, an air cylinder 043213 is fixedly connected to the air cylinder frame 043212, a through hole is formed in the center of the air cylinder frame 043212, and the air cylinder 043213 is connected with a clamping block 043214 through the through hole;
a convex frame 043316 is fixedly connected to the two connecting strips 043313, a clamping auxiliary member 043317 is fixedly connected to the convex frame 043316, and the clamping auxiliary member 043317 is elastically clamped with the clamping block 043214;
the cutters 043315 are divided into six Gong Gedao, nine Gong Gedao and twelve Gong Gedao;
the tool changing frame 044 comprises supporting legs 0441, upright posts 0442, a transposition guide rail 0443, a cross beam 0444 and a lifting seat plate 0445, wherein four upright posts 0442 are fixedly connected to the supporting legs 0441, the cross beam 0444 is fixedly connected to the upright posts 0442, and the lifting seat plate 0445 is fixedly connected to the supporting legs 0441;
two transposition guide rails 0443 are arranged, two transposition sliding blocks 04431 are fixedly connected to each transposition guide rail 0443, and the transposition sliding blocks 04431 are connected to the upright posts 0442 in a sliding manner;
the lifting seat boards 0445 are provided with two lifting seat boards, a driving motor three 04451 is fixedly connected to one lifting seat board 0445, a lifting screw rod 04452 is fixedly connected to the driving motor three 04451, the lifting screw rod 04452 is rotatably connected to the cross beam 0444 and the lifting seat boards 0445, a lifting polished rod 04453 is fixedly connected to the other lifting seat board 0445, a soil collecting groove 04454 is fixedly connected to the transposition guide rail 0443, a threaded sleeve 04455 is connected to the lifting screw rod 04452 in a threaded manner, a sliding sleeve 04456 is connected to the lifting polished rod 04453 in a sliding manner, and the threaded sleeve 04455 and the sliding sleeve 04456 are respectively fixedly connected to two sides of the soil collecting groove 04454;
the transposition rail 0443 and the bottom slide rail 04321, the middle slide rail 04323 and the top slide rail 04324 are respectively matched with the slide block 043211.
Further, the grass blanket cultivation line 05 comprises grass blanket transportation lines 051 and grass blanket containing lines 052, the number of the grass blanket containing lines 052 is a plurality of, the grass blanket containing lines 052 are slightly higher than the grass blanket transportation lines 051, lifting cylinders 053 are arranged below the grass blanket transportation lines 051 and at the joints of the grass blanket transportation lines 051 and the grass blanket containing lines, and push-pull cylinders 054 are arranged at the outer sides of the grass blanket transportation lines 051 and at the positions opposite to the central lines of the grass blanket containing lines 052;
a movable mower 055 is arranged above the grass blanket accommodating line 052; a water spraying device 056 is arranged above the grass blanket holding line 052, and the water spraying device 056 can move above the grass blanket holding line 052.
Example 2
A method for rapid greening using ryegrass, comprising the steps of:
step one: grass blanket cultivation
S11, soaking annual ryegrass seeds in water, wherein the water is changed every 9 hours, and the soaking time is 50 hours;
s12, fishing out and spreading the grass seeds on a water planting seedling tray, wherein particles are tightly gapless, and the thickness is 0.6cm;
s13, placing the seedling tray into a greenhouse for cultivation, sprouting for 3 days and blanket forming for 7 days;
step two: grass blanket transplanting
S21, trimming the ryegrass blanket to the height of 6cm;
s22, paving planting sand 2.5cm in the planting box by using a grass blanket production line, scraping, and then spraying bactericide;
s23, paving the cultivated ryegrass blanket on planting sand;
s24, covering planting sand with the thickness of 0.6cm on the ryegrass blanket by utilizing a blanket production line, and completely containing the root system of the blanket;
s25, sowing perennial grass seeds in proportion and at a certain sowing rate for one time, and carrying out supplementary sowing;
s26, covering a layer of planting sand on the grass blanket production line to completely cover the grass seeds;
s27, watering, curing and trimming by using a grass blanket production line, and discharging a lawn for use on the 10 th day.
In the step S13, the temperature in the greenhouse is 25 ℃, the humidity is 45%rh, the light supplementing lamp is arranged in the greenhouse, the light supplementing time of the light supplementing lamp is 3h/d, and the illumination intensity is 4000LX.
Moreover, in the step S25, the perennial grass seeds are bluegrass and festuca arundinacea; the mass ratio of the bluegrass to the festuca arundinacea is: festuca arundinacea=7: 3, the sowing quantity of the perennial grass seeds is 40g/m 2 。
The grass blanket production line is the same as in example 1.
Example 3
A method for rapid greening using ryegrass, comprising the steps of:
step one: grass blanket cultivation
S11, soaking annual ryegrass seeds in water, changing water every 8 hours, and soaking for 48 hours;
s12, fishing out and spreading the grass seeds on a water planting seedling tray, wherein the particles are tightly gapless and have the thickness of 0.5cm;
s13, placing the seedling tray into a greenhouse for cultivation, sprouting for 2 days and blanket formation for 6 days;
step two: grass blanket transplanting
S21, trimming the ryegrass blanket to a height of 5cm;
s22, paving planting sand for 2cm in the planting box by using a grass blanket production line, scraping, and then spraying bactericide;
s23, paving the cultivated ryegrass blanket on planting sand;
s24, covering planting sand with the thickness of 0.5cm on the ryegrass blanket by utilizing a blanket production line, and completely containing the root system of the blanket;
s25, sowing perennial grass seeds in proportion and at a certain sowing rate for one time, and carrying out supplementary sowing;
s26, covering a layer of planting sand on the grass blanket production line to completely cover the grass seeds;
s27, watering, curing and trimming by using a grass blanket production line, and discharging a lawn for use on the 9 th day.
In the step S13, the temperature in the greenhouse is 22-25 ℃, the humidity is 40%rh, a light supplementing lamp is arranged in the greenhouse, the light supplementing time of the light supplementing lamp is 2.5h/d, and the illumination intensity is 3500LX.
Moreover, in the step S25, the perennial grass seeds are bluegrass and festuca arundinacea; the mass ratio of the bluegrass to the festuca arundinacea is: festuca arundinacea = 5:5, the sowing quantity of the perennial grass seeds is 35g/m 2 。
The grass blanket production line is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is the same as example 3 except that lolium seeds are not soaked with water.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example was the same as example 3 except that gaps were left between the granules of the grass seed flat-laid hydroponic seedling tray in step S12, and the thickness was 0.3 cm.
Experimental part
The budding rates of ryegrass of the examples and comparative examples were counted on day 4, the carpet forming times of the examples and comparative examples were counted, and the lawn forming state of the grass was observed, and the specific results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 budding and blanket formation of Lolium perenne
As can be seen from the above Table 1, the germination rate of examples 1-3 and comparative example 2 on day 3 is 96% -98%, the blanket forming time is 6-7 days, and the seedlings grow densely and flourish after the lawn is formed in examples 1-3, and no soil is exposed; while the germination rate of the comparative example 1 is only 85%, the blanket forming time is increased to 9 days, the seedlings are sparse after the grass blanket forms a lawn, and part of grass leaves turn yellow; this is because the ryegrass seeds are not soaked in water in comparative example 1, and the soaking in water can promote the germination of the seeds and accelerate the blanket formation of ryegrass. The grass seeds of comparative example 2 are spread on the water-culturing seedling trays to be sparse, gaps exist, the thickness is insufficient, the grass blanket seedlings are sparse, part of grass leaves turn yellow, and the soil exposing phenomenon also occurs.
Claims (10)
1. A method for rapidly greening by utilizing ryegrass is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step one: grass blanket cultivation
S11, soaking annual ryegrass seeds in water for 45-50 hours, wherein the water is changed every 7-9 hours;
s12, fishing out and spreading the grass seeds on a water planting seedling tray, wherein the particles are tightly gapless and have the thickness of 0.4-0.6cm;
s13, placing the seedling tray into a greenhouse for cultivating to form a blanket;
step two: grass blanket transplanting
S21, trimming the ryegrass blanket to a height of 4-6 cm;
s22, paving 1.5-2.5cm of planting sand in the planting box by using a grass blanket production line, scraping, and then spraying a bactericide;
s23, paving the cultivated ryegrass blanket on planting sand;
s24, covering planting sand with the thickness of 0.4-0.6cm on the ryegrass blanket by utilizing a blanket production line, and completely containing the root system of the blanket;
s25, sowing perennial grass seeds once, and performing supplementary sowing;
s26, covering a layer of planting sand on the grass blanket production line to completely cover the grass seeds which are planted in the complementary mode;
s27, watering, curing and trimming by using a grass blanket production line, and discharging a lawn for use on the 9 th to 10 th days.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S13, the temperature in the greenhouse is 22-25 ℃, the humidity is 35-45% rh, the light supplementing lamp is arranged in the greenhouse, the light supplementing time of the light supplementing lamp is 2-3h/d, and the illumination intensity is 3000-4000LX.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S25, the perennial grass seeds are bluegrass and festuca arundinacea; the mass ratio of the bluegrass to the festuca arundinacea is: festuca arundinacea = 6-7:4-3, the sowing quantity of the perennial grass seeds is 30-40g/m 2 。
4. The method for rapidly greening by utilizing ryegrass according to claim 1, wherein the grass blanket production line comprises a soil paving device (01), a soil covering device (03), a cutting device (04) and a grass blanket cultivation line (05), the soil paving device (01), the two soil covering devices (03) and the cutting device (04) which are arranged in parallel are sequentially arranged on the same production line from left to right through a conveying belt (2), a plurality of planting boxes (5) are arranged on the conveying belt (2) and move along with the conveying belt (2), and the grass blanket cultivation line (05) is connected with the conveying belt (2).
5. The method for rapid greening utilizing ryegrass of claim 4 wherein said paving apparatus (01) comprises a soil bin (011), a lift assembly (013), a doctoring mechanism (014);
one end of the lifting assembly (013) is positioned in the rear side of the soil storage bin (011), and the other end of the lifting assembly is fixedly connected with the guide chute (0131);
the top of the scraping mechanism (014) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (01401), and the lower end of the guide chute (0131) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (01401); a driving screw rod (0141) and a strickling rod (0142) are arranged in the strickling mechanism (014), two ends of the driving screw rod (0141) and the strickling rod (0142) are rotatably connected with bearing blocks (0143), and the bearing blocks (0143) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the strickling mechanism (014);
the strickling mechanism (014) further comprises a transverse strickling plate (0147) and a longitudinal strickling plate (0146); two groups of driving screws (0141) and a strickling rod (0142) are arranged in the strickling mechanism (014), one group comprises a transverse driving screw (0141) and a longitudinal strickling rod (0142), the other group comprises a longitudinal driving screw (0141) and a transverse strickling rod (0142), a thread shell (0144) is arranged on the driving screw (0141), a sliding sleeve (0145) is arranged on the strickling rod (0142), a longitudinal strickling plate (0146) is fixedly connected to the transverse thread shell (0144) and the transverse sliding sleeve (0145), and a transverse strickling plate (0147) is fixedly connected to the longitudinal thread shell (0144) and the longitudinal sliding sleeve (0145);
one end of each of the two driving screws (0141) is provided with a driving motor (01450), an avoidance column (0148) is fixedly connected between the longitudinal scraping plate (0146) and the threaded shell (0144), an avoidance groove (0149) is formed in the transverse scraping plate (0147), and the avoidance column (0148) slides in the avoidance groove (0149).
6. The method for rapid greening by utilizing ryegrass as defined in claim 5, wherein the bottom surface in the soil storage bin (011) is a slope surface, the front end is high, and the rear end is low; a bracket (0124) is arranged below the conveying belt (2);
the lifting assembly (013) further comprises a feeding belt (013), a plurality of vertical baffles (0133) are uniformly arranged on the feeding belt (0132), two rotating rollers (0134) are further arranged at two ends of the feeding belt (0132), and a lifting motor is arranged on one side of one rotating roller (0134).
7. The method for rapid greening utilizing ryegrass as in claim 4 wherein said earthing device (03) comprises a soil storage tank (031), a screw feeder (032) and a soil breaking tank (033), said soil storage tank (031) is fixed under a conveyor belt (2) of the earthing device (03), one end of said screw feeder (032) is rotatably connected to said soil storage tank (031) and the other end is fixedly connected to said soil breaking tank (033);
the spiral feeder (032) comprises a rotating shaft (03201), a spiral blade (03202) and a discharge hole (03203), one end of the rotating shaft (03201) is rotationally connected to the soil storage box (031), the spiral blade (03202) is spirally fixed to the rotating shaft (03201), and the discharge hole (03203) is fixedly connected with the soil crushing box (033).
8. A method for rapid greening with ryegrass as in claim 4 wherein said cutting means (04) comprises a magazine rack (043) and a changing rack (044);
the tool magazine frame (043) is erected above the conveying belt (2), and a tool changing frame (044) is arranged on one side of the tool magazine frame (043);
the tool magazine frame (043) consists of a support column (0431), sliding guide rails (0432) and a cutting assembly (0433), wherein the sliding guide rails (0432) are provided with four groups, namely a bottom layer sliding guide rail (04321), a middle lower layer sliding guide rail (04322), a middle upper layer sliding guide rail (04323) and a top layer sliding guide rail (04324), and each group is two;
sliding blocks (043211) are respectively and slidably connected to the bottom layer sliding guide rail (04321), the middle and upper layer sliding guide rail (04323) and the top layer sliding guide rail (04324);
cutting assembly (0433) is including fixed frame (04331), fixed frame (04331) and slider (043211) fixed connection, still is equipped with four post (043311) that slide on fixed frame (04331), slide post (043311) perpendicular grafting on four angles of lift knife rest (043312) outer frame, fixedly connected with connecting strip (043313) on lift knife rest (043312), fixedly connected with cutter connecting rod (043314) on connecting strip (043313), fixedly connected with cutting knife (043315) on cutter connecting rod (043314).
9. The method for rapid greening by utilizing ryegrass according to claim 8, wherein a cylinder frame (043212) is fixedly connected to the bottom sliding guide rail (04321), a cylinder (043213) is fixedly connected to the cylinder frame (043212), a through hole is formed in the center of the cylinder frame (043212), and the cylinder (043213) is connected with a clamping block (043214) through the through hole;
a convex frame (043316) is fixedly connected to the two connecting strips (043313), a clamping auxiliary (043317) is fixedly connected to the convex frame (043316), and the clamping auxiliary (043317) is elastically clamped with the clamping block (043214);
the cutting knives (043315) are divided into six Gong Gedao, nine Gong Gedao and twelve Gong Gedao;
the tool changing frame (044) comprises supporting legs (0441), upright posts (0442), a transposition guide rail (0443), a cross beam (0444) and a lifting seat board (0445), wherein four upright posts (0442) are fixedly connected to the supporting legs (0441), the cross beam (0444) is fixedly connected to the upright posts (0442), and the lifting seat board (0445) is also fixedly connected to the supporting legs (0441);
two transposition guide rails (0443) are arranged, two transposition sliding blocks (04431) are fixedly connected to each transposition guide rail (0443), and the transposition sliding blocks (04431) are connected to the upright posts (0442) in a sliding mode;
the lifting seat boards (0445) are provided with two lifting seat boards, a driving motor III (04451) is fixedly connected to one lifting seat board (0445), a lifting screw rod (04452) is fixedly connected to the driving motor III (04451), the lifting screw rod (04452) is rotatably connected to a cross beam (0444) and the lifting seat boards (0445), a lifting polished rod (04453) is fixedly connected to the other lifting seat board (0445), a soil collecting groove (04454) is fixedly connected to the transposition guide rail (0443), a threaded sleeve (04455) is connected to the lifting screw rod (04452) in a threaded mode, a sliding sleeve (04456) is connected to the lifting polished rod (04453) in a sliding mode, and the threaded sleeve (04455) and the sliding sleeve (04456) are respectively fixedly connected to two sides of the soil collecting groove (04454);
the transposition guide rail (0443) and the bottom layer sliding guide rail (04321), the middle and upper layer sliding guide rail (04323) and the top layer sliding guide rail (04324) are respectively matched with the sliding blocks (043211).
10. The method for rapidly greening by utilizing ryegrass as claimed in claim 4, wherein the grass cultivation line (05) comprises a grass transportation line (051) and a grass containing line (052), the number of the grass containing lines (052) is a plurality, the grass containing line (052) is slightly higher than the grass transportation line (051), lifting cylinders (053) are arranged below the grass transportation line (051) and at the joint of the grass transportation line and the grass containing line, and push-pull cylinders (054) are arranged on the outer side of the grass transportation line (051) and at the position opposite to the central line of the grass containing line (052);
a movable mower (055) is arranged above the grass blanket filling line (052); a water spraying device (056) is arranged above the grass blanket holding line (052), and the water spraying device (056) can move above the grass blanket holding line (052).
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Address after: 010070 mengcao seed industry center, Xincheng District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Patentee after: Mengcao ecological environment (Group) Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Patentee after: Inner Mongolia Mengcao Grass Industry Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 010070 mengcao seed industry center, Xincheng District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Patentee before: Mengcao ecological environment (Group) Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China Patentee before: INNER MONGOLIA MENGCAO GRASS AND SEED INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd. |