CN116897797A - Fine construction method for full crown transplanting of large-specification yunnan-magnolia barren soil in dry season - Google Patents
Fine construction method for full crown transplanting of large-specification yunnan-magnolia barren soil in dry season Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/06—Uprooting or pulling up trees; Extracting or eliminating stumps
- A01G23/062—Pulling up trees or stumps
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a refined construction method for full crown transplanting of large-specification dry season of yunnan-magnolia barren soil, which comprises the steps of S1, preparation of transplanting, S2, fixed point, paying off, S3, barren soil improvement, S4, planting hole treatment, S5, digging and encapsulating, S6, hoisting and transporting, S7, transplanting and planting, S8, weir opening supporting, S9 and maintenance and keep alive. According to the application, through refined construction management, a rapid planting construction technology is adopted, transplanting cultivation and advanced root breaking are not needed, the root breaking period of deep rooting tree species is greatly shortened, and the transplanting efficiency is improved; when the soil of the transplanting land is barren, the soil characteristics of the transplanting land are improved, so that the soil characteristics of the transplanting land are similar to those of the original land, and meanwhile, the planting holes are treated, bacteria and weed seeds are killed, the base fertilizer is added, and the transplanting survival rate is effectively improved to be more than 95%; the application adopts a full crown transplanting mode, the transplanted yunnan pustular tree is complete in shape, high in ornamental value, good in greening effect and capable of improving ecological environment.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of landscaping construction, in particular to a refined construction method for full crown transplanting of large-specification dry season soil with poor yunnan magnolia bark.
Background
The yunnan magnolia is a native tree species of Yunnan, is one of noble tree species of Yunnan, and is widely applied to landscaping due to the large and attractive tree shape, wide crown and rich shade. The yunnan magnolia belongs to a deep root system deciduous tree, the breast diameter reaches 16-25cm, the tree height is generally 15-20m, the crown width also reaches more than 20m, and the yunnan magnolia belongs to typical large-size seedlings, is light-preference, is slightly shade-resistant, is warm-preference and weather-preference, is fertile, wets soil, and has the effects of resisting smoke dust and toxic gas.
The large-size garden seedlings are transplanted and planted as an important link for urban landscaping construction and urban water environment comprehensive improvement, and in recent years, along with the powerful construction of urban ecological environment, the requirements of shortening the urban greening period and quickly building good landscapes are gradually increased. The conventional transplanting technology of large-size seedlings mainly comprises bare root transplanting, soil planting, full crown transplanting and the like. The whole crown transplanting is a planting mode of only thinning out too dense branches and partial small branches of the inner bore and planting on the premise of keeping the original tree shape, and is favored in landscaping due to the characteristics of fast optimizing urban green space structure, promoting the advanced formation of urban ecological environment, improving urban landscapes, improving the ecological benefits of the urban green space in a short period and the like. However, the whole crown transplanting actually violates the objective rule of plant growth, and the retained root system and the crown are seriously disregulated, so that the root system cannot absorb water to well meet the transpiration water loss of the crown, so that the transplanting survival rate of seedlings is directly influenced, and the special maintenance measures of the whole crown transplanting increase the economic cost, and especially the summer maintenance measures after the first year after the transplanting are very important.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to solve the defects and provide a refined construction method for full crown transplanting of dry season in large-specification yunnan-magnolia barren soil.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a refined construction method for full crown transplanting of large-specification yunnan-magnolia barren soil in dry season comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing for transplanting: determining the optimal size of soil balls before transplanting, and selecting yunnan pustules with strong branches, plump crowns, uniform main body parts and no obvious plant diseases and insect pests and mechanical damage, wherein the whole crown transplanting only trims disease and insect branches, withered branches and branches affecting the transplanting construction;
s2, fixed-point and paying-off: setting out wires by adopting natural configuration legal points, respectively setting up squares on a design drawing and a site according to the density of plant configuration, measuring the vertical and horizontal coordinate sizes of the yunnan magnolia in the squares by using a ruler on the drawing, and measuring the longitudinal and horizontal coordinate sizes in the corresponding squares on the site by using a tape according to the position;
s3, barren soil improvement: when the transplanting land is barren or the fertility of the planting soil is poor, measuring the soil characteristics of the original land and the soil characteristics of the planting land, and improving the soil of the transplanting land according to the measurement result so that the soil characteristics of the two lands are similar;
s4, planting hole treatment: the planting holes are round or square, the walls of the holes are vertical, bactericide and insecticide are sprayed in the holes after the planting holes are dug, planting soil and waste leaves are uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:3 and then spread in the planting holes, and the thickness is not less than 15cm; uniformly mixing the base fertilizer and the planting soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1, and spreading the mixture in a planting hole, wherein the thickness is not less than 5cm;
s5, digging and packaging: 1-2 days before transplanting, checking the soil dry and wet condition, and preparing an excavating tool; when the breast diameter of the tree to be transplanted is 20-25cm, adopting a soil ball digging mode, and carrying out flexible packaging; when the breast diameter of the tree to be transplanted is larger than 25cm, adopting a soil table digging mode, and packaging by using a box plate;
s6, hoisting and transporting: hoisting by adopting a crane, and then transporting the tree to be transplanted to a planting place by using an automobile;
s7, transplanting and planting: firstly applying a base fertilizer at the bottom of the dug planting hole, uniformly mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer with soil, and piling up the organic fertilizer and the soil into a small soil pile with the height of 10 cm; when the fixed planting is lifted, the tree body is erected as much as possible on the premise of not influencing the lifting arm of the crane; after the tree planting direction is determined, the tree is lightly dropped into a pit, the tree body is stabilized by manpower, then the lifting rope and the packaging material are loosened, packages such as straw ropes are removed after the tree is positioned, fine soil is uniformly filled, the tree body is tamped in layers until 1/3 of the tree body is filled, the tree body is corrected by the rope on the trunk by manpower to be vertical to the ground, and then the planting hole is backfilled and tamped until the planting hole is full;
s8, supporting a weir: after planting, building a water-filling cofferdam with the height of 15-20cm around the tree, wherein the inner edge of the cofferdam is slightly larger than the tree pit and the groove by about 10cm, building the cofferdam by fine soil, uniformly erecting four struts around the trunk, and fixing the upper part of the cofferdam with the tree body by using cross struts;
s9, maintenance and keep-alive: maintaining the transplanted yunnan magnolia to ensure the normal growth of yunnan magnolia, and comprehensively checking after water irrigation and rain penetration; the tree should be filled up in time when sinking and soil is lacking; the soil is piled higher to be raked, so that the root development is prevented from being influenced by deep burying.
Further, the calculation formula of the optimal size of the soil ball in the step S1 is as follows:
D＝J+K(d-3)
wherein: d, the diameter of the soil ball;
j-constant 24;
k is a constant, and when the transplanted tree is a evergreen tree, the constant is 4; when the transplanting tree is a fallen leaf tree, the transplanting tree is 5;
d, trunk ground diameter.
In the step S1, root cutting is carried out before transplanting, and rooting powder with the concentration of 150mg/L is used for soaking for 2-3min after root cutting.
Further, the improvement step in S3 is as follows:
s3.1, investigation of properties: the soil properties of the transplanting land are investigated, and the current situation of soil permeability, plough layer thickness, ploughability and nutrient deficiency is obtained;
s3.2, surface soil separation: deep ploughing longitudinally, stripping surface soil, crushing large soil blocks, removing garbage and stones, covering with plastic cloth, and avoiding soil loss caused by heavy rain flushing;
s3.3, base layer treatment: paving an adhesive isolation soil layer with the thickness of about 20cm at the lower part of the planting base layer, and applying an organic fertilizer, a soil humectant, a soil loosening agent for improving the soil structure and a sand fixing agent;
s3.4, soil backfilling: filling middle fine sand, improving water permeability and air permeability, mixing the stripped surface soil with the fertilizer soil for outward transportation, backfilling and leveling;
s3.5, surface soil improvement: applying fertile surface soil with the thickness of about 25cm on the finished soil layer, guaranteeing the soil finishing quality, and applying farmyard manure and ash fertilizer;
s3.6, soil disinfection: soil sterilization is performed by using the bactericide, and weed seeds and harmful bacteria in the soil are killed and inhibited.
Further, in the step S4, the side wall of the planting hole is at least at a distance of more than 30cm from the soil ball, and the depth of the planting hole is 10-20cm deeper than the height of the soil ball.
Further, in the step S5, the soil ball lifting mode includes the following steps:
s5.1.1, supporting the yunnan magnolia bark to be excavated stably by a support column before excavation;
s5.1.2 soaking cattail, cattail pieces and straw rope in water;
s5.1.3, drawing a circle with a trunk as the center before digging, digging an operation ditch of 60-80cm outside the circle to a specified depth, firstly removing surface soil when digging, taking the surface root as the standard, then digging downwards, sawing the thick root with a saw when digging, and then flattening the thick root, thus avoiding a hard shovel to cause scattered lumps;
s5.1.4 the soil lump outside the tree root is trimmed into a truncated cone-shaped soil ball with a big top and a small bottom by milling, the bottom of the soil ball is 1/3 of the diameter of the soil ball, and a thick root system is sawed when the soil ball is collected;
s5.1.5, winding the waist of the soil ball tightly by using the soaked straw rope, and digging a circle of bottom ditch with the width of 5-6cm inwards at the bottom of the soil ball;
s5.1.6 wrapping the soil ball tightly by using a cattail bag and a cattail bag sheet, and then winding and fixing by using a straw rope;
s5.1.7 the ropes are tightened when being packed, the ropes are knocked along with winding, two or four strands of straw ropes are used as starting points, the two or four strands of straw ropes are wound from top to bottom to the bottom of the soil ball along the bottom ditch and then the other surface of the soil ball is returned to the upper surface of the soil ball, the two or four strands of straw ropes are wound around the trunk clockwise, and the two or four strands of straw ropes are formed at first, and the second layer and the first layer are embossed in a crossing way;
s5.1.8, transversely winding a waist rope of 20-30cm on the waist of the soil ball by using a straw rope, and obliquely pulling and binding the waist rope by using the straw rope up and down after the waist rope is well surrounded;
s5.1.9 after packing, the yunnan is pushed down in a preset direction, and then the bottom is tightly packed by a cattail piece.
Further, in the step S5, the soil lifting method includes the steps of:
s5.2.1, supporting the yunnan magnolia bark to be excavated stably by a support column before excavation;
s5.2.2, removing surface soil, wherein the depth is close to that of the surface soil root;
s5.2.3 the soil table has a large upper part and a small lower part, and the side length of the lower part is 1/10 less than that of the upper part;
s5.2.4, excavating the periphery of the soil table, and then placing the box plate into the periphery of the soil table;
s5.2.5, nailing four-side box boards, then digging two sides of the bottom of the soil digging table, and installing bottom boards on the two sides;
s5.2.6, supporting four corners of the bottom by using short piles, and digging the middle of the bottom of the soil digging table;
s5.2.7, then all floors and decks are installed and staked and braced for shipment.
Further, in the step S6, the specific hoisting step includes:
s6.1, preparing a hemp rope and a template before hoisting, knotting and fixing one end of a double-strand hemp rope during hoisting, separating the double-strand hemp rope, binding the double-strand hemp rope at 3/5 of the position from top to bottom of a soil ball, binding the soil ball tightly, and buckling the other end of the hemp rope on a lifting hook;
s6.2, a wood board is used for being padded at the place where the hemp rope is contacted with the soil ball, after the yunnan is lightly hoisted, one end of the neck rope is sleeved on the base part of the trunk, and then the other end of the neck rope is buckled on the lifting hook for hoisting and loading;
s6.3, when loading, the crown faces the tail of the automobile, the root soil blocks are placed on the automobile against the cab, the bakelite plates are arranged under the soil blocks, and then the soil blocks are clamped by the plates or are tied up on two sides of the carriage by ropes;
s6.4, covering a grass bag on the root of the yunnan magnolia bark, and filling soft objects at the contact position of the tree body and the vehicle plate and fixing the soft objects by ropes;
s6.5, the transportation on the farther way is required to be carried out by using a covered automobile, the parking time is reduced on the way, and the trees are sprayed with water after the time of parking.
Further, in S9, the specific steps of maintaining and keeping alive include:
s9.1, summer maintenance:
s9.1.1, a straw rope is used for wrapping the trunk, so that the radiation quantity received by the trunk is reduced;
s9.1.2, adopting spraying measures to increase the space humidity of the trunk of the yunnan magnolia bark, reduce the space temperature of the crown and reduce the transpiration of the crown;
s9.1.3, rooting agent liquid irrigation is carried out on the root of the tree, and the irrigation method adopts a mode of spraying the periphery of a soil ball and irrigating the root by a circular ditch;
s9.1.4, selecting nutrient solution for infusion, and taking water as main component for infusion to increase the upward water delivery amount of the vertical rod of the yunnan magnolia bark;
s9.2, cold-proof maintenance:
s9.2.1 covering sunshade net over short tree, and pressing with brick and stone block; for tall trees, driving 3-4 piles around, enclosing by using a sunshade net, sewing by using strings to form a cylinder, and covering the top of the cylinder with the sunshade net;
s9.2.2, winding a straw rope on a trunk and a big branch of a tree, and winding a 10-20cm strip-shaped film on the periphery of the straw rope from bottom to top;
s9.2.3 when the soil around the tree lacks water in winter, the frozen water is filled in time before the soil is frozen;
s9.2.4 digging 3-4 holes with depth of 50-100cm on the periphery of the crown, and applying the heat-producing fertilizer such as cow dung, broken grass and the like; and (5) hilling the tree, and covering the root neck of the tree.
Further, the method also comprises pest control, including removing the dead branches of trees, and burning the pruned branches, leaves and weeds in a concentrated way; the rough bark, the cocked bark and the crack of the tree are scraped by a cutter, and plastic cloth is paved under the crown before the scraping, so that scraped bark scraps are collected and concentrated to be treated or burnt.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the application, through refined construction management, a rapid planting construction technology is adopted, transplanting cultivation and advanced root breaking are not needed, the root breaking period of deep rooting tree species is greatly shortened, and the transplanting efficiency is improved;
(2) When the soil of the transplanting land is barren, the soil characteristics of the transplanting land are improved, so that the soil characteristics of the transplanting land are similar to those of the original land, and meanwhile, the planting holes are treated, bacteria and weed seeds are killed, the base fertilizer is added, and the transplanting survival rate is effectively improved to be more than 95%;
(3) The application adopts a full crown transplanting mode, the transplanted yunnan pustular tree is complete in shape, high in ornamental value, good in greening effect and capable of improving ecological environment.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Embodiments of the application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Wherein: large-size nursery stock: the deciduous tree with the breast diameter of 10-25 cm cultivated in the nursery and transplanted from the original growing place has the evergreen tree with the height of more than 5m or the ground diameter of more than 15 cm. The evergreen tree with the breast diameter above 25cm and the tree height above 8m is an oversized nursery stock.
Yunnan (Magnolia officinalis): the yunnan magnolia belongs to deciduous trees, is one of the rare tree species of Yunnan, is an alias fruit tree, and is an indigenous tree species of Yunnan. The main distribution areas are Yunnan Fengqing, yimen, kunming first-line north region and Sichuan south (Wenchang).
Full crown grafting: refers to a planting mode of only thinning out the too dense branches and partial small branches of the inner bore and then planting on the premise of keeping the original tree shape.
Chest diameter: the average diameter of the trunk of the planted arbor 120cm away from the ground, and the breast diameter of the multi-trunk arbor is the average diameter of each branch trunk 120cm away from the ground.
Ground diameter: in particular to the average diameter (unit: cm) of the trunk 20cm above the junction of the trunk and soil ball of the palm nursery stock, part of low-branch arbor shrubs and single-trunk shrubs.
Crown web: refers to the diameter (unit: m) of the branch crown which is perpendicular to two directions after the seedlings are treated during planting. The palm nursery stock and the characteristic landscape plant should keep the complete crown width in the natural growth state, the crown width size of the shrub refers to the part of the tree with plump leaves which only extend out of two or three single branches and are not in the crown width.
Crown height: refers to the distance (unit: m) from the lowest branch point of the tree to the highest growing point of the tree top.
Soil ball: refers to the average diameter of the minimum soil required for ensuring the survival of the transplanted seedlings and quickly recovering the growth.
As shown in fig. 1, the fine construction method for full crown transplanting of large-specification yunnan-officinal barren soil in dry season comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing for transplanting: before transplanting, determining the optimal size of soil balls, selecting yunnan magnolia bark which is strong in branches, plump in crowns, uniform in main body parts and free from obvious plant diseases and insect pests and mechanical damage, and has site conditions that equipment such as lifting and transporting machinery can work normally, conforming to the specification and quality requirements of construction design on yunnan magnolia bark, after selecting the transplanted yunnan magnolia bark, making obvious marks on the south side of a trunk to indicate the negative and positive surfaces and the earth-discharging lines of the trees, and performing full crown transplanting to only trim the pest branches and the dead branches and the branches influencing transplanting construction, wherein the trimming ports are required to be smooth, the cross section is reduced as much as possible, and the trimming ports are required to be smeared with preservative and disinfectant to prevent corrosion and dryness and promote healing;
s2, fixed-point and paying-off: setting out the wires by natural allocation method, setting up squares on the design drawing and the site according to the density of plant allocation, measuring the longitudinal and transverse coordinate size of the yunnan magnolia in the squares by a ruler on the drawing, and setting up the number of the planted trees by tape on the site according to the position in the corresponding squares, wherein for greening planting without fixed points on the design drawing, the position and arrangement of each tree can be fixed in a defined range by a visual method according to the design requirement, the ecological requirement of the plant is paid attention to and natural and attractive effect is paid attention to during the fixed point, and white ash is used for dotting or piling to mark tree species, planting number and pit diameter after the fixed point is set up;
s3, barren soil improvement: when the transplanting land is barren or the fertility of the planting soil is poor, measuring the soil characteristics of the original land and the soil characteristics of the planting land, and improving the soil of the transplanting land according to the measurement result so that the soil characteristics of the two lands are similar;
s4, planting hole treatment: the planting holes are round or square, the walls of the holes are vertical, bactericide and insecticide are sprayed in the holes after the planting holes are dug, planting soil and waste leaves are uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:3 and then spread in the planting holes, and the thickness is not less than 15cm; uniformly mixing the base fertilizer and the planting soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1, and spreading the mixture in a planting hole, wherein the thickness is not less than 5cm;
s5, digging and packaging: 1-2 days before transplanting, checking the dry and wet condition of soil, cleaning the environment around the large-sized yunnan magnolia bark, finding the crown, and preparing an excavating tool; when the breast diameter of the tree to be transplanted is 20-25cm, adopting a soil ball digging mode, and carrying out flexible packaging; when the breast diameter of the tree to be transplanted is larger than 25cm, adopting a soil table digging mode, and packaging by using a box plate;
s6, hoisting and transporting: hoisting by adopting a crane, and then transporting the tree to be transplanted to a planting place by using an automobile;
s7, transplanting and planting: firstly applying a base fertilizer at the bottom of the dug planting hole, uniformly mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer with soil, and piling up the organic fertilizer and the soil into a small soil pile with the height of 10 cm; two long ropes are bound on the trunk before field planting and hoisting, so that the direction is manually controlled during unloading and field planting, and the tree body is erected as much as possible under the premise of not influencing the hoisting arm of the crane during field planting and hoisting; after the tree planting direction is determined, the tree is lightly dropped into a pit, the tree body is stabilized by manpower, then the lifting rope and the packaging material are loosened, packages such as straw ropes are removed after the tree is positioned, fine soil is uniformly filled, the tree body is tamped in layers until 1/3 of the tree body is filled, the tree body is corrected by the rope on the trunk by manpower to be vertical to the ground, and then the planting hole is backfilled and tamped until the planting hole is full; the trees are irrigated immediately after the planting, the root systems of the large-sized yunnan magnolia bark are damaged to different degrees during the transplanting, and auxin can be properly used according to specific conditions to promote the new roots to grow and recover the growth, and the soil balls are broken or the bare-root trees are planted by adopting a method of beating mud in planting holes;
s8, supporting a weir: after planting, building a water-filling cofferdam with the height of 15-20cm around the tree, wherein the inner edge of the cofferdam is slightly larger than the tree pit and the groove by about 10cm, building the cofferdam by fine soil, uniformly erecting four struts around the trunk, and fixing the upper part of the cofferdam with the tree body by using cross struts;
s9, maintenance and keep-alive: maintaining the transplanted yunnan magnolia to ensure the normal growth of yunnan magnolia, and comprehensively checking after water irrigation and rain penetration; the tree should be filled up in time when sinking and soil is lacking; the soil is piled higher to be raked, so that the root development is prevented from being influenced by deep burying.
In an embodiment, the calculation formula of the optimal size of the soil ball in S1 is:
D＝J+K(d-3)
wherein: d, the diameter of the soil ball;
j-constant 24;
k is a constant, and when the transplanted tree is a evergreen tree, the constant is 4; when the transplanting tree is a fallen leaf tree, the transplanting tree is 5;
d, trunk ground diameter.
In one embodiment, in S1, root cutting is performed before transplanting, rooting powder with the concentration of 150mg/L is used for soaking for 2-3min after root cutting, and meanwhile, the prefabricated plate is inserted along the outer wall of the annular groove.
In one embodiment, the improvement in S3 is as follows:
s3.1, investigation of properties: the soil properties of the transplanting land are investigated, and the current situation of soil permeability, plough layer thickness, ploughability and nutrient deficiency is obtained;
s3.2, surface soil separation: deep ploughing longitudinally, stripping surface soil, crushing large soil blocks, removing garbage and stones, covering with plastic cloth, and avoiding soil loss caused by heavy rain flushing;
s3.3, base layer treatment: paving a viscous isolation soil layer with the thickness of about 20cm at the lower part of the planting base layer, applying organic fertilizer, soil moisture retention agent and soil loosening agent and sand fixing agent for improving the soil structure, enhancing the water and fertilizer retention capacity, controlling the water and soil loss within an allowable range, and laying a foundation for soil improvement;
s3.4, soil backfilling: filling middle fine sand, improving water permeability and air permeability, mixing the stripped surface soil with the fertilizer soil for outward transportation, backfilling and leveling;
s3.5, surface soil improvement: the method comprises the steps of (1) paving fertile surface soil with the thickness of about 25cm on a finished soil layer, guaranteeing the soil finishing quality, applying farmyard manure and ash fertilizer, increasing the organic matter content of the soil, loosening the soil and improving the soil permeability;
s3.6, soil disinfection: soil sterilization is performed by using the bactericide, and weed seeds and harmful bacteria in the soil are killed and inhibited.
In an embodiment, in S4, the side wall of the planting hole is at least a distance of 30cm or more from the soil ball, and the depth of the planting hole is 10-20cm deeper than the height of the soil ball.
Preferably, the wound root system is observed after the packaging material is unfastened, the injured root system is sheared off, care must be taken that the wound surface is to be smoothed, and then plant ash is used for smearing or 0.1% potassium permanganate solution is used for spraying wine, so that the wound surface is beneficial to healing and root rot is prevented.
In one embodiment, in the step S5, the soil ball lifting method includes the steps of:
s5.1.1, supporting the yunnan magnolia bark to be excavated stably by a support column before excavation;
s5.1.2 soaking cattail, cattail pieces and straw rope in water;
s5.1.3, drawing a circle with a trunk as the center before digging, digging an operation ditch of 60-80cm outside the circle to a specified depth, firstly removing surface soil when digging, taking the surface root as the standard, then digging downwards, sawing the thick root with a saw when digging, and then flattening the thick root, thus avoiding a hard shovel to cause scattered lumps;
s5.1.4 the soil lump outside the tree root is trimmed into a truncated cone-shaped soil ball with a big top and a small bottom by milling, the bottom of the soil ball is 1/3 of the diameter of the soil ball, and a thick root system is sawed when the soil ball is collected;
s5.1.5, winding the waist of the soil ball tightly by using the soaked straw rope, and digging a circle of bottom ditch with the width of 5-6cm inwards at the bottom of the soil ball; the bag is wound around the bottom edge during packing, so that the straw rope is not easy to loosen;
s5.1.6 wrapping the soil ball tightly by using a cattail bag and a cattail bag sheet, and then winding and fixing by using a straw rope;
s5.1.7 the ropes are tightened when being packed, the ropes are knocked along with winding, two or four strands of straw ropes are used as starting points, the two or four strands of straw ropes are wound from top to bottom to the bottom of the soil ball along the bottom ditch and then the other surface of the soil ball is returned to the upper surface of the soil ball, the two or four strands of straw ropes are wound around the trunk clockwise, and the two or four strands of straw ropes are formed at first, and the second layer and the first layer are embossed in a crossing way;
s5.1.8, transversely winding a waist rope of 20-30cm on the waist of the soil ball by using a straw rope, and obliquely pulling and binding the waist rope by using the straw rope up and down after the waist rope is well surrounded;
s5.1.9 after packing, the yunnan is pushed down in a preset direction, and then the bottom is tightly packed by a cattail piece.
In one embodiment, in the step S5, the soil lifting method includes the steps of:
s5.2.1, supporting the yunnan magnolia bark to be excavated stably by a support column before excavation;
s5.2.2, removing surface soil, wherein the depth is close to that of the surface soil root;
s5.2.3 the soil table has a large upper part and a small lower part, and the side length of the lower part is 1/10 less than that of the upper part;
s5.2.4, excavating the periphery of the soil table, and then placing the box plate into the periphery of the soil table;
s5.2.5, nailing four-side box boards, then digging two sides of the bottom of the soil digging table, and installing bottom boards on the two sides;
s5.2.6, supporting four corners of the bottom by using short piles, and digging the middle of the bottom of the soil digging table;
s5.2.7, then all floors and decks are installed and staked and braced for shipment.
In one embodiment, in the step S6, the specific hoisting step includes:
s6.1, preparing a hemp rope and a template before hoisting, knotting and fixing one end of a double-strand hemp rope during hoisting, separating the double-strand hemp rope, binding the double-strand hemp rope at 3/5 of the position from top to bottom of a soil ball, binding the soil ball tightly, and buckling the other end of the hemp rope on a lifting hook;
s6.2, a wood board is used for being padded at the place where the hemp rope is contacted with the soil ball so as to prevent the hemp rope from pulling into the soil ball, after the yunnan is gently lifted, one end of the neck rope is sleeved on the base part of the trunk, and then the other end of the neck rope is buckled on the lifting hook for lifting and loading;
s6.3, when loading, the crown faces the tail of the automobile, the root soil blocks are placed on the automobile against the cab, the bakelite plates are arranged under the soil blocks, and then the soil blocks are clamped by the plates or are tied up on two sides of the carriage by ropes;
s6.4, covering a grass bag on the root of the yunnan magnolia bark, filling soft objects at the contact position of the tree body and the vehicle plate, and fixing by using ropes so as to prevent bark from being scratched and branches from being damaged;
s6.5, the transportation on the farther way is required to be carried out by using a covered automobile, the parking time is reduced on the way, and the trees are sprayed with water after the time of parking.
In one embodiment, in the step S9, the specific steps of maintaining and keeping alive include:
s9.1, summer maintenance:
s9.1.1, a straw rope is used for wrapping the trunk, so that the radiation quantity received by the trunk is reduced;
s9.1.2 the method comprises the steps of adopting spraying measures to increase the space humidity of the trunk of the yunnan magnolia bark and reduce the space temperature of the tree crown, determining a proper formulation and concentration of a transpiration inhibitor, taking care of soil moisture condition when the transpiration inhibitor is used, spraying the water content before the effective moisture of the soil is not exhausted, spraying uniformly, focusing on spraying the back of the leaves, and reducing the transpiration of the tree crown;
s9.1.3, rooting agent liquid irrigation is carried out on the root of the tree, and the irrigation method adopts a mode of spraying the periphery of a soil ball and irrigating the root by a circular ditch;
s9.1.4, selecting nutrient solution for infusion, and taking water as main component for infusion to increase the upward water delivery amount of the vertical rod of the yunnan magnolia bark;
s9.2, cold-proof maintenance:
s9.2.1 covering sunshade net over short tree, and pressing with brick and stone block; for tall trees, driving 3-4 piles around, enclosing by using a sunshade net, sewing by using strings to form a cylinder, and covering the top of the cylinder with the sunshade net;
s9.2.2, winding a straw rope on a trunk and a big branch of a tree, and winding a 10-20cm strip-shaped film on the periphery of the straw rope from bottom to top;
s9.2.3 when the soil around the tree lacks water in winter, the frozen water is filled in time before the soil is frozen;
s9.2.4 digging 3-4 holes with depth of 50-100cm on the periphery of the crown, and applying the heat-producing fertilizer such as cow dung, broken grass and the like; and (5) hilling the tree, and covering the root neck of the tree.
Preferably, the method further comprises a maintenance and keep-alive step and a trimming step: when pruning, the cut part must lean against the node, the cut should be inclined at 45 degrees at the opposite side of the cut bud, the cut should be flat, if the cluster branches and the round branches need to be removed completely, the cutting should be carried out in batches, so as to avoid excessive wounds, influence the growth of trees, and the evergreen flowers and trees should be pruned in time, thereby improving the ornamental value in winter, reducing transpiration and improving the cold resistance of plants;
cutting off a part of branch tips at the front end of a main cut branch, triggering side branches, preventing the branches from protruding, cutting off the branches slightly in the growing period, cutting off the branches seriously in the resting period, starting from She Shu branches, removing three fourths of the original leaves, cutting off small branches at the center and the upper part of a crown to ensure the consumption of water and nutrients of the tree, and paying attention to beautiful tree shape after cutting off and wound smearing.
In one embodiment, the method also comprises pest control, including removing the dead branches of trees, and intensively burning off the pruned branches, leaves and weeds; the rough bark, the cocked bark and the crack of the tree are scraped by a cutter, and plastic cloth is paved under the crown before the scraping, so that scraped bark scraps are collected and concentrated to be treated or burnt.
The preservative, disinfectant, bactericide and insecticide, decomposed organic fertilizer, auxin organic fertilizer, soil humectant, soil loosener, sand fixing agent, farmyard manure and ash fertilizer used in the application are products which can be purchased in the market in the prior art, so specific components are not repeated; wherein the soil humectant is Haihai; the bactericide is carbendazim, rhizopus, inula, chlorothalonil or thiophanate methyl; the pesticide is corydalin, omethoate, fenpyrazamine and high-efficiency cyhalothrin; the nutrient solution is dynamic, moving, applying it alive, tree dynamic or pasting; the rooting powder is strong general rooting powder; the transpiration inhibitor is steam inhibition.
Preferably, the base fertilizer adopts fully decomposed and dry mushroom fertilizer (or other animal manure), pond sludge, peat soil or compost, and the dosage of the base fertilizer is 10-20kg/m 2 。
Main raw materials, finished products, semi-finished products, accessories, appliances and equipment of landscaping engineering materials must have quality qualification documents, specification models and performance detection reports, and the quality qualification documents, the specification models and the performance detection reports should accord with the national current technical standards and design requirements, and plant materials and engineering materials should be checked and accepted when entering the field, and checked and confirmed by a supervision engineer to form corresponding check records:
wherein the allowed deviation of the yunnan magnolia planting material meets the following specification of table 1:
TABLE 1 allowed deviations of planting materials of Magnolia yunnanensis
The size of the planting holes is generally determined according to the root system of the nursery stock, the diameter of the soil ball and the soil condition, 100 holes are inspected in batches according to the excavating time, and all the holes below 100 holes are inspected according to the following table 2:
table 2 planting hole specification of Yuanpu
| Sequence number | Chest diameter (cm) | Diameter of soil ball (cm) | Planting hole specification (cm) | Diameter of planting hole (cm) |
| 1 | 5～8 | 40～50 | 60～80 | 60～70 |
| 2 | 8～15 | 80～100 | 100～120 | 100～120 |
| 3 | 15 or more | 100 or more | 120 or more | 120 or more |
The inner diameter of a cofferdam of a single tree is not smaller than the diameter of a planting hole, the height of the cofferdam is not smaller than 15cm, the weir body is stable, deformation and settlement are within design limit values, no cracking, collapse and landslide phenomena exist, no water flows on the back surface, and the allowable deviation of cofferdam construction accords with the specification of the following table 3:
TABLE 3 Cofferdam construction tolerance
Compared with the conventional full-crown transplanting, the refined construction method for full-crown transplanting in dry season of large-specification yunnan-plain barren soil (abbreviated as refined construction full-crown transplanting) has the following economic advantages: (1) the transplanting cultivation and the advanced root breaking are not needed, the problem of long transplanting period of the conventional large-specification yunnan magnolia is solved, and the transplanting cultivation, root breaking and maintenance management cost after the root breaking are reduced; (2) the construction method overcomes the problem of limited season of the transplantation of the yunnan magnolia bark, can be transplanted in four seasons, and is favorable for guaranteeing the construction period; (3) the construction method overcomes the problem of soil impoverishment in the transplanting field, and is beneficial to the rapid adaptation survival of the yunnan magnolia bark.
The economic benefit of the construction method is calculated by taking the comprehensive water conservancy infrastructure engineering construction government and social capital (PPP) project of Anning city, i.e. the comprehensive water environment renovation project of the sand river as an example. Wherein, the conventional whole crown transplantation is carried out for 2 times according to transplantation and 1 time of root breakage, and the analysis and comparison are shown in the following table 4:
table 4 conventional whole crown graft cost analysis table
47 Yuanpi plants with different specifications are transplanted in the sand river water environment comprehensive renovation project, the cost of conventional full crown transplantation is about 56.4 ten thousand yuan, the cost of refined construction full crown transplantation is about 43.24 ten thousand yuan, and the cost can be saved by 13.16 ten thousand yuan.
The comprehensive sand river water environment renovation project is one of three sub projects of an Anning city comprehensive water conservancy infrastructure project construction government and a social capital (PPP) project, the project site is positioned in an Anning city of Yunnan province, construction is started at 22 days of 2022 and 2 months, construction is completed at 8 days of 2022 and 30 days, the project content comprises a garden ecological wetland park, rest post and river course auxiliary projects, and the total area of the park construction is 46813m 2 The plan view of the items is shown in Table 11.1. The large-size yunnan magnolia transplanting is mainly applied to garden ecological wetland parks and sand river bank landscaping engineering. The planting quantity and specification of the yunnan magnolia are shown in the table below.
TABLE 11.1 comprehensive treatment engineering Yuanpuo transplantation list for Shahehu water environment
This project yunnan plain transplanting construction mainly faces three challenges: (1) soil impoverishment in the transplanting land: the planting soil of the river bank of the transplanted land sand river belongs to the bottom sludge and the soil turned over in the original river treatment process, contains a large amount of stones, plastic garbage and the like, and has low organic matter content and poor soil quality; (2) positive dry season during the transplanting period: the project is arranged according to the construction period, the construction is required to be carried out in 4-5 months, and the dry and wet seasons are clear in Yunnan province, the dry season is 11 months to 5 months in the next year, and the precipitation amount only accounts for 15% of the whole year; (3) immediately after transplantation, the method enters summer: the evaporation capacity is increased dramatically, the maintenance is difficult and the cost is high.
The project effectively solves the challenges of soil impoverishment, dry season transplantation, summer maintenance difficulty and the like, and solves the problems of long root breaking period, less adventitious roots, poor regeneration capability, low survival rate, poor landscape effect and the like of deep root plants in large-scale rural seedling transplantation.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present application may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. A refined construction method for full crown transplanting of large-specification yunnan-magnolia barren soil in dry season is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing for transplanting: determining the optimal size of soil balls before transplanting, and selecting yunnan pustules with strong branches, plump crowns, uniform main body parts and no obvious plant diseases and insect pests and mechanical damage, wherein the whole crown transplanting only trims disease and insect branches, withered branches and branches affecting the transplanting construction;
s2, fixed-point and paying-off: setting out wires by adopting natural configuration legal points, respectively setting up squares on a design drawing and a site according to the density of plant configuration, measuring the vertical and horizontal coordinate sizes of the yunnan magnolia in the squares by using a ruler on the drawing, and measuring the longitudinal and horizontal coordinate sizes in the corresponding squares on the site by using a tape according to the position;
s3, barren soil improvement: when the transplanting land is barren or the fertility of the planting soil is poor, measuring the soil characteristics of the original land and the soil characteristics of the planting land, and improving the soil of the transplanting land according to the measurement result so that the soil characteristics of the two lands are similar;
s4, planting hole treatment: the planting holes are round or square, the walls of the holes are vertical, bactericide and insecticide are sprayed in the holes after the planting holes are dug, planting soil and waste leaves are uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:3 and then spread in the planting holes, and the thickness is not less than 15cm; uniformly mixing the base fertilizer and the planting soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1, and spreading the mixture in a planting hole, wherein the thickness is not less than 5cm;
s5, digging and packaging: 1-2 days before transplanting, checking the soil dry and wet condition, and preparing an excavating tool; when the breast diameter of the tree to be transplanted is 20-25cm, adopting a soil ball digging mode, and carrying out flexible packaging; when the breast diameter of the tree to be transplanted is larger than 25cm, adopting a soil table digging mode, and packaging by using a box plate;
s6, hoisting and transporting: hoisting by adopting a crane, and then transporting the tree to be transplanted to a planting place by using an automobile;
s7, transplanting and planting: firstly applying a base fertilizer at the bottom of the dug planting hole, uniformly mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer with soil, and piling up the organic fertilizer and the soil into a small soil pile with the height of 10 cm; when the fixed planting is lifted, the tree body is erected as much as possible on the premise of not influencing the lifting arm of the crane; after the tree planting direction is determined, the tree is lightly dropped into a pit, the tree body is stabilized by manpower, then the lifting rope and the packaging material are loosened, packages such as straw ropes are removed after the tree is positioned, fine soil is uniformly filled, the tree body is tamped in layers until 1/3 of the tree body is filled, the tree body is corrected by the rope on the trunk by manpower to be vertical to the ground, and then the planting hole is backfilled and tamped until the planting hole is full;
s8, supporting a weir: after planting, building a water-filling cofferdam with the height of 15-20cm around the tree, wherein the inner edge of the cofferdam is slightly larger than the tree pit and the groove by about 10cm, building the cofferdam by fine soil, uniformly erecting four struts around the trunk, and fixing the upper part of the cofferdam with the tree body by using cross struts;
s9, maintenance and keep-alive: maintaining the transplanted yunnan magnolia to ensure the normal growth of yunnan magnolia, and comprehensively checking after water irrigation and rain penetration; the tree should be filled up in time when sinking and soil is lacking; the soil is piled higher to be raked, so that the root development is prevented from being influenced by deep burying.
2. The refined construction method for full crown transplanting of large-size yunnan-officinal barren soil in dry season of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the calculation formula of the optimal size of the soil ball in the S1 is as follows:
D＝J+K(d-3)
wherein: d, the diameter of the soil ball;
j-constant 24;
k is a constant, and when the transplanted tree is a evergreen tree, the constant is 4; when the transplanting tree is a fallen leaf tree, the transplanting tree is 5;
d, trunk ground diameter.
3. The refined construction method for full crown transplanting of large-size yunnan-officinal barren soil in dry season of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S1, root cutting is carried out before transplanting, and rooting powder with the concentration of 150mg/L is used for soaking for 2-3min after root cutting.
4. The refined construction method for full crown transplanting of large-size yunnan-officinal barren soil in dry season of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the improvement step in the step S3 is as follows:
s3.1, investigation of properties: the soil properties of the transplanting land are investigated, and the current situation of soil permeability, plough layer thickness, ploughability and nutrient deficiency is obtained;
s3.2, surface soil separation: deep ploughing longitudinally, stripping surface soil, crushing large soil blocks, removing garbage and stones, covering with plastic cloth, and avoiding soil loss caused by heavy rain flushing;
s3.3, base layer treatment: paving an adhesive isolation soil layer with the thickness of about 20cm at the lower part of the planting base layer, and applying an organic fertilizer, a soil humectant, a soil loosening agent for improving the soil structure and a sand fixing agent;
s3.4, soil backfilling: filling middle fine sand, improving water permeability and air permeability, mixing the stripped surface soil with the fertilizer soil for outward transportation, backfilling and leveling;
s3.5, surface soil improvement: applying fertile surface soil with the thickness of about 25cm on the finished soil layer, guaranteeing the soil finishing quality, and applying farmyard manure and ash fertilizer;
s3.6, soil disinfection: soil sterilization is performed by using the bactericide, and weed seeds and harmful bacteria in the soil are killed and inhibited.
5. The refined construction method for full crown transplanting of large-size yunnan-officinal barren soil in dry season of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S4, the side wall of the planting hole is at least at a distance of more than 30cm from the soil ball, and the depth of the planting hole is 10-20cm deeper than the height of the soil ball.
6. The refined construction method for full crown transplanting of large-size yunnan-officinal barren soil in dry season of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S5, the soil ball lifting mode includes the following steps:
s5.1.1, supporting the yunnan magnolia bark to be excavated stably by a support column before excavation;
s5.1.2 soaking cattail, cattail pieces and straw rope in water;
s5.1.3, drawing a circle with a trunk as the center before digging, digging an operation ditch of 60-80cm outside the circle to a specified depth, firstly removing surface soil when digging, taking the surface root as the standard, then digging downwards, sawing the thick root with a saw when digging, and then flattening the thick root, thus avoiding a hard shovel to cause scattered lumps;
s5.1.4 the soil lump outside the tree root is trimmed into a truncated cone-shaped soil ball with a big top and a small bottom by milling, the bottom of the soil ball is 1/3 of the diameter of the soil ball, and a thick root system is sawed when the soil ball is collected;
s5.1.5, winding the waist of the soil ball tightly by using the soaked straw rope, and digging a circle of bottom ditch with the width of 5-6cm inwards at the bottom of the soil ball;
s5.1.6 wrapping the soil ball tightly by using a cattail bag and a cattail bag sheet, and then winding and fixing by using a straw rope;
s5.1.7 the ropes are tightened when being packed, the ropes are knocked along with winding, two or four strands of straw ropes are used as starting points, the two or four strands of straw ropes are wound from top to bottom to the bottom of the soil ball along the bottom ditch and then the other surface of the soil ball is returned to the upper surface of the soil ball, the two or four strands of straw ropes are wound around the trunk clockwise, and the two or four strands of straw ropes are formed at first, and the second layer and the first layer are embossed in a crossing way;
s5.1.8, transversely winding a waist rope of 20-30cm on the waist of the soil ball by using a straw rope, and obliquely pulling and binding the waist rope by using the straw rope up and down after the waist rope is well surrounded;
s5.1.9 after packing, the yunnan is pushed down in a preset direction, and then the bottom is tightly packed by a cattail piece.
7. The refined construction method for full crown transplanting of large-size yunnan-officinal barren soil in dry season of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S5, the soil lifting method includes the steps of:
s5.2.1, supporting the yunnan magnolia bark to be excavated stably by a support column before excavation;
s5.2.2, removing surface soil, wherein the depth is close to that of the surface soil root;
s5.2.3 the soil table has a large upper part and a small lower part, and the side length of the lower part is 1/10 less than that of the upper part;
s5.2.4, excavating the periphery of the soil table, and then placing the box plate into the periphery of the soil table;
s5.2.5, nailing four-side box boards, then digging two sides of the bottom of the soil digging table, and installing bottom boards on the two sides;
s5.2.6, supporting four corners of the bottom by using short piles, and digging the middle of the bottom of the soil digging table;
s5.2.7, then all floors and decks are installed and staked and braced for shipment.
8. The refined construction method for full crown transplanting of large-size yunnan-officinal barren soil in dry season of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S6, the specific hoisting step includes:
s6.1, preparing a hemp rope and a template before hoisting, knotting and fixing one end of a double-strand hemp rope during hoisting, separating the double-strand hemp rope, binding the double-strand hemp rope at 3/5 of the position from top to bottom of a soil ball, binding the soil ball tightly, and buckling the other end of the hemp rope on a lifting hook;
s6.2, a wood board is used for being padded at the place where the hemp rope is contacted with the soil ball, after the yunnan is lightly hoisted, one end of the neck rope is sleeved on the base part of the trunk, and then the other end of the neck rope is buckled on the lifting hook for hoisting and loading;
s6.3, when loading, the crown faces the tail of the automobile, the root soil blocks are placed on the automobile against the cab, the bakelite plates are arranged under the soil blocks, and then the soil blocks are clamped by the plates or are tied up on two sides of the carriage by ropes;
s6.4, covering a grass bag on the root of the yunnan magnolia bark, and filling soft objects at the contact position of the tree body and the vehicle plate and fixing the soft objects by ropes;
s6.5, the transportation on the farther way is required to be carried out by using a covered automobile, the parking time is reduced on the way, and the trees are sprayed with water after the time of parking.
9. The refined construction method for full crown transplanting of large-size yunnan-officinal barren soil in dry season of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S9, the specific steps of maintenance and keep-alive include:
s9.1, summer maintenance:
s9.1.1, a straw rope is used for wrapping the trunk, so that the radiation quantity received by the trunk is reduced;
s9.1.2, adopting spraying measures to increase the space humidity of the trunk of the yunnan magnolia bark, reduce the space temperature of the crown and reduce the transpiration of the crown;
s9.1.3, rooting agent liquid irrigation is carried out on the root of the tree, and the irrigation method adopts a mode of spraying the periphery of a soil ball and irrigating the root by a circular ditch;
s9.1.4, selecting nutrient solution for infusion, and taking water as main component for infusion to increase the upward water delivery amount of the vertical rod of the yunnan magnolia bark;
s9.2, cold-proof maintenance:
s9.2.1 covering sunshade net over short tree, and pressing with brick and stone block; for tall trees, driving 3-4 piles around, enclosing by using a sunshade net, sewing by using strings to form a cylinder, and covering the top of the cylinder with the sunshade net;
s9.2.2, winding a straw rope on a trunk and a big branch of a tree, and winding a 10-20cm strip-shaped film on the periphery of the straw rope from bottom to top;
s9.2.3 when the soil around the tree lacks water in winter, the frozen water is filled in time before the soil is frozen;
s9.2.4 digging 3-4 holes with depth of 50-100cm on the periphery of the crown, and applying the heat-producing fertilizer such as cow dung, broken grass and the like; and (5) hilling the tree, and covering the root neck of the tree.
10. The refined construction method for full crown transplanting of large-size yunnan-officinal barren soil in dry season of claim 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method also comprises pest control, including removing the dead branches of trees, and burning off the pruned branches, leaves and weeds; the rough bark, the cocked bark and the crack of the tree are scraped by a cutter, and plastic cloth is paved under the crown before the scraping, so that scraped bark scraps are collected and concentrated to be treated or burnt.
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