CN107624603B - Method for afforestation on inland saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Method for afforestation on inland saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for afforestation in inland saline-alkali soil, which comprises the steps of digging planting pits or planting ditches in the saline-alkali soil; respectively spraying polyurethane solution on the bottom and the inner wall of the planting pit, and solidifying to form a pit bottom and inner wall salt isolation layer; when the seedlings and the matrix are filled into the planting pits and the planting matrix is tamped to be less than or equal to 10cm away from the tops of the planting pits, digging slope surfaces at the periphery of the planting pits along an angle with an inclination angle of 15-30 degrees, spraying polyurethane solution on the planting pits and the slope surfaces, and solidifying into a salt-resistant layer; and covering the soil on the salt resistance layer when the slope of the slope is excavated. The method reduces the salt content in the growth range of the plant root system, promotes the absorption of the root system to water and nutrients in the soil, improves the afforestation survival rate and the preservation rate of the oasis saline-alkali soil in the inland alpine region, saves the engineering construction cost, improves the soil quality, gradually improves the output of the soil, and brings better social benefit and economic benefit to the inland alpine region saline-alkali soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a forestation method, in particular to a forestation method for saline-alkali soil in inland alpine regions.
Background
Saline-alkali is the second most abiotic stress next to drought for plant bodies. According to the statistical results of the United nations' textbook organization (UNESCO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), about 9.55 hundred million hm is around the world2The saline-alkali soil. The total area of the saline-alkali soil in China is about 0.99 hundred million hm2The distribution range is very wide, wherein the oasis saline-alkali soil in the inland alpine region is a drought inland basin, the rainfall is rare, and the evaporation is strong. In the runoff process, the underground water and mother rocks are continuously leached and filtered, and in the flowing process of the underground water, the water body is continuously salinized, so that the mineralization degree of the underground water is higher. Water is continuously lost due to strong evaporation, salt is removed with water, and water is desalted and remained, so that a large amount of salt is accumulated on the ground surface, and secondary salinization of soil is caused. Under the condition that the salt accumulated on the earth surface is relatively stable without being developed and utilized, in order to develop and utilize forestation on the saline-alkali soil, firstly, the salt on the surface layer needs to be washed underground in a large water flood irrigation mode, then, some drainage belt measures are arranged underground for forestation, and the washed salt water is discharged from the underground, so that the engineering salt washing is completed. Plants are planted on saline-alkali soil, water demand is mainly provided through irrigation, and a large amount of irrigation not only improves the landThe salt on the surface of the ground is leached into the underground water by the lower water level, so that the mineralization degree of the underground water is increased. The strong evaporation moves the underground water with higher mineralization degree upwards, and the salinity returns to the ground surface to form more serious secondary salinization. Because afforestation is carried out on inland saline-alkali soil, after engineering salt washing, the salt content in a soil layer with a certain depth is lower, plants can survive, but if salt separation measures (mainly used for breaking the pores of soil capillary tubes and preventing salt from moving upwards through the pores of the capillary tubes) and earth surface covering measures (mainly used for blocking contact with dry atmosphere and increasing soil temperature and inhibiting evaporation of soil moisture so as to control the upward movement of the salt) under planting holes and earth surface covering measures (mainly used for blocking contact with the dry atmosphere) are not adopted, the salt can move upwards again along with the evaporation of the soil, secondary salinization of the soil is caused, and the growth of the plants is seriously influenced.
At present, the oasis saline-alkali land in the inland alpine region of China is mainly distributed in the Qinghai Chaida basin region, and the Chaida is Mongolian and means 'salt'. This region is the most prominent of not only the Chinese salt mines, but also the world salt mines, and thus the Chaodia basin is also called the "salt world". The total area of the oasis saline-alkali soil in inland alpine regions of China reaches thousands of acres, large-area distribution is shown, and the salt content of the soil is high. The region belongs to plateau continental climate and is mainly characterized by drought. The annual precipitation is decreased from 200 mm in the southeast to 15 mm in the northwest, the annual average relative humidity is 30-40%, the minimum relative humidity can be lower than 5%, the precipitation is rare, the evaporation is strong, the annual evaporation is between 2000 and 3000mm, and the maximum annual evaporation can reach 3700 mm. The underground water level is shallow (3-5 m, 1-2 m in partial area) and the degree of mineralization is high (3-5 gL)-1Up to 10gL-1) The water is evaporated and continuously removed, so that salt is removed with water, water is desalted and remained, a large amount of salt is gathered on the ground surface, a thick white salt shell is formed on the ground surface, and secondary salinization of the soil is caused, which is the most main problem of the inland saline-alkali soil.
Saline-alkali soil treatment and ecosystem reconstruction are recognized problems in the world. Through long-term and repeated exploration and practice, the method for treating the saline-alkali soil by water conservancy improvement, physical improvement and chemical improvement is summarized. However, although the saline-alkali soil treatment effect is good by water conservancy, physical and chemical methods, the cost is high, the method is easy to repeat, and the method is difficult to popularize in a large area. With the development of environmental biotechnology in recent years, the role of phytoremediation technology in saline-alkali soil treatment is gradually emphasized. The method for improving the saline-alkali soil by using biological measures such as plant restoration technology and the like has the advantages of low cost, good effect and no pollution, and is one of the best approaches for greening the saline-alkali soil.
The inhibition of soil salt return is the key to the success of afforestation. The salt content of the saline-alkali soil in inland high-cold regions is mainly chlorine salt and sulfate, the salt content is about 1% -4%, and the salt content of surface soil can reach 20%. The method has the advantages that the method is used for afforestation in saline-alkali soil of oasis in inland alpine regions, the survival rate and the preservation rate of seedlings are extremely low, the growth rate is extremely slow, and the method is also a problem commonly existing in the saline-alkali soil afforestation.
At present, the treatment technologies for oasis saline-alkali soil in inland alpine regions mainly comprise the following technologies:
1. salt and alkali removing method by concealed pipe and vertical shaft: the early effect is better, but the investment is huge, the working procedure is complex, the later stage is easy to block, and the treatment effect is obviously reduced.
2. The soil-visiting method: the effect is better at the initial stage of afforestation, but the investment is larger, and the original soil is damaged. And as time goes on, water and salt are continuously transferred, and the saline-alkali of the afforestation land soil is recovered, so that the treatment effect is greatly reduced.
3. A soil improvement method: the fertilizer, soil conditioner and the like are applied, the period is longer, the treatment effect is slow, and the salt is easy to return.
4. The biological improvement method is an important means for treating the saline-alkali soil, can improve the physicochemical property of the soil through a plant-root system-soil system by planting halophytes in the saline-alkali soil, naturally accumulates organic matters, promotes the formation of a surface soil layer, can improve the soil, improves the soil productivity, changes the physicochemical property of the saline-alkali soil, creates habitat conditions for the invasion of other plants, gradually recovers vegetation, promotes the ecological economic development of the saline-alkali soil, has wide industrialization prospect, and is a main direction for the long-term development of the saline-alkali soil. At present, the main problems of saline-alkali soil afforestation are that the afforestation survival rate and the preservation rate are extremely low.
The method combines biological, physical and chemical measures to form a comprehensive matched measure for treating the saline-alkali soil, and is an important means for solving the problem of the saline-alkali soil. In China, no complete and relatively successful and feasible matching technology exists in China for afforestation in oasis saline-alkali soil in inland alpine regions.
The existing saline-alkali soil afforestation technology is mainly aimed at coastal saline-alkali soil with salt coming with water and salt going with water, and an inland saline-alkali soil with salt coming with water and water going with salt does not form a set of successful comprehensive matching technology. The existing single technology still has the problems of large investment, poor effect and the like, so that the afforestation survival rate in the saline-alkali soil of inland alpine regions is extremely low. In particular to the defects of high cost, difficult transportation, insignificant water retention and soil moisture preservation effect and the like in the salt blocking and separating technology.
According to the characteristics of climate, soil and hydrology of inland saline-alkali soil, the invention designs a set of comprehensive rather than single matching technology, adopts economic and effective materials as salt blocking and isolating materials for afforestation on the saline-alkali soil, has good water retention and soil moisture preservation effects, can effectively reduce irrigation times, provides good environment for seedling growth, and obviously improves the survival rate of afforestation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a method for afforestation on saline-alkali soil in inland alpine regions. The method combines the micro-area soil improvement technology with the salt resistance and salt separation technology, reduces the salt content in the distribution range of the root system in the plant growth process, particularly reduces the salt content in the distribution range of the plant root system in the seedling period, promotes the absorption of water and nutrients in the soil by the root system, promotes the development of the root system, provides more favorable growth conditions for the afforestation seedlings in the oasis saline-alkali soil in the inland alpine region, improves the afforestation survival rate and the preservation rate of the oasis saline-alkali soil in the inland alpine region, improves the ecological landscape and the microclimate environment of the oasis saline-alkali soil in the inland alpine region, saves the engineering construction cost, improves the land quality, gradually improves the output of the land, and brings better social benefit and economic benefit for the oasis saline-alkali soil in the inland alpine region. The afforestation technology is suitable for mild or moderate inland saline-alkali soil.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, in one aspect, the present invention provides a method for forestation on inland saline-alkali soil, comprising the steps of:
1) digging planting pits or planting ditches in the saline-alkali soil;
2) respectively spraying polyurethane solution on the bottom and the inner wall of the planting pit, and solidifying to form a pit bottom and inner wall salt isolation layer;
3) placing the planting substrate and the saplings in the planting pits, tamping and planting the saplings;
4) when the planting medium is filled into the planting pits and tamped until the distance from the top of the planting pits is less than or equal to 10cm, digging a slope surface at the periphery of the planting pits along an angle with an inclination angle (alpha) of 15-30 degrees;
5) spraying a polyurethane solution in the range of the radius of more than or equal to 5cm and on the slope surface by taking the saplings as the circle centers, and solidifying to form a salt-resistant layer;
6) and covering the soil on the salt resistance layer when the slope of the slope is excavated.
Wherein, the inland saline-alkali soil is a drought inland basin with rare rainfall and strong evaporation.
Particularly, the annual average rainfall capacity of the inland alpine saline-alkali soil is less than 200 ml; the annual sunshine duration is more than 3000h, and the annual evaporation intensity is more than 2500 mm.
Particularly, the inland saline-alkali soil is inland high-cold saline-alkali soil, and preferably is Qinghai-Tibet plateau firewood basin saline-alkali soil.
Wherein the diameter of the planting pit in the step 1) is 30-80cm, preferably 50 cm; the depth of the planting pit is 30-100cm, preferably 50 cm.
Particularly, the depth of the planting ditch is 30-100cm, preferably 50 cm; the width of the planting ditch is 30-80cm, preferably 50 cm.
Wherein the polyurethane solution in the step 2) is an aqueous solution of polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A).
Particularly, the weight part ratio of the polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) to the water in the polyurethane solution is 1-10:10-99, preferably 1-7:93-99, more preferably 3-5: 95-97.
In particular, the polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) contains polyurethane (prepolymer), toluene diisocyanate and butanone.
Wherein the polyurethane contains polyurethane (prepolymer), toluene diisocyanate and butanone, and the content of the polyurethane is (74 +/-5)%; the content of toluene diisocyanate is (11 +/-5)%, and the rest is butanone.
Specifically, the polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) contains 74%, 11%, and 15% of polyurethane (prepolymer), toluene diisocyanate, and butanone, respectively.
In particular, the polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) is produced by Nippon chemical industries, Ltd.
Especially, set up the infiltration hole on the pit bottom salt-separating layer in step 2) for in effectively timely infiltration lower floor's soil with irrigation water, prevent that irrigation water's accumulation from causing plant roots to rot, can increase the air permeability of soil simultaneously, maintain plant roots's breathing, make root system can effectual absorption soil moisture and nutrition.
In particular, the diameter of the water seepage holes is 5-10 cm.
Particularly, the water seepage hole is positioned at the center of the pit bottom.
Wherein, the amount of the polyurethane solution sprayed on the bottom of the planting pit in the step 2) is 2-10L/m2Preferably 4L/m2(ii) a The amount of the polyurethane solution sprayed on the inner wall of the planting pit is 1-5L/m2Preferably 2L/m2。
Particularly, the thickness of the formed pit bottom salt isolation layer is 2-8mm, preferably 5 mm; the thickness of the salt-separating layer of the inner wall formed by the inner wall is 1-4mm, preferably 2.5 mm.
In particular, the height of spraying the polyurethane solution on the inner wall of the planting pit is 10-50cm, and preferably 20 cm.
Wherein, the planting substrate in the step 3) is soil in the field to be forested, foreign soil or soil in the field to be forested added with organic fertilizer.
In particular, the organic fertilizer is selected from plant straws or livestock manure retting fertilizer.
Particularly, the volume ratio of the addition amount of the organic fertilizer to the soil of the land to be forested is 1-5:95-99, preferably 5: 95.
Wherein, the sapling in the step 3) is selected from one or more of populus euphratica, populus microphylla, populus x lobus, tamarix chinensis, atriplex canescens, Calligonum mongolicum, lonicera fruit, red sand, Siberian nitraria, hairy-leaf nitraria, haloxylon ammodendron, medlar, sea buckthorn, oleaster, Xinjiang poplar, prunus armeniaca, ephedra, caragana microphylla, populus tomentosa, robinia pseudoacacia, overlord, elm, picea aspera, white birch and golden dew plum.
Particularly, the populus diversifolia, populus diversifolia and populus tremula seedlings are bare-rooted seedlings which grow for 2 years and are more than 150cm in height; and selecting 1-year seedlings of the tamarix chinensis seedlings.
The number of the selected saline-alkali soil forestation is that according to the principle of being suitable for the trees in the local area, the native tree species with certain drought resistance and salt resistance or the externally introduced tree species suitable for the local climate soil characteristics are selected.
Wherein, when the planting matrix is filled into the planting pits and tamped to be 10cm away from the tops of the planting pits, a slope surface of a slope is dug at the periphery of the planting pits along an angle with an inclination angle of 15-30 degrees.
Particularly, the inclination angle (alpha) in the step 4) is an included angle between a slope surface and a horizontal plane, and the slope surface inclines downwards.
In particular, the inclination angle (α) in step 4) is preferably 15 °.
Wherein, the amount of the sprayed polyurethane solution in the step 5) is 2-10L/m2Preferably 4L/m2(ii) a The thickness of the salt-resistant layer is 2-8mm, preferably 5 mm.
Particularly, in the step 5), taking the sapling as the center of a circle, spraying a polyurethane solution on the slope surface and the range of which the radius is more than or equal to 10cm, and solidifying to form a salt-resistant layer.
Particularly, the method also comprises the step 1A) of draining and salt washing, wherein after draining and salt washing are carried out on the field to be forested, planting pits or planting ditches are dug on the field to be forested.
Particularly, draining water and washing salt until the salt content of the land to be forested is less than or equal to 0.5 percent.
In particular, further comprising step 7): and (3) maintaining and managing the planted nursery stock: watering root fixing water in time after planting; pruning, thinning and loosening the seedlings for afforestation, wherein the soil is loosened 1-3 times, preferably 2 times, and the loosening depth is 5-10 cm.
Particularly, the maintenance management also comprises the step of irrigating the nursery stock for more than or equal to 4 times per year; the irrigation quantity of each irrigation is 40-50 cubic meters per mu.
The irrigation water is typically: returning green water, and irrigating water before tree germination in 3 last ten days; promoting growth of water, and irrigating water in the branch and leaf expansion period of 5-6 months; and thirdly, irrigating water in summer and drought, sealing the water, and irrigating in 11 months to promote the growth of the root system. The young forest can increase the irrigation frequency according to the drought degree of soil, the larger the forest age is, the larger the irrigation amount is each time, but the frequency can be properly reduced.
Particularly, the method further comprises the step 8) of constructing the sill, namely, covering soil above the salt-resistant layer formed by spraying the solidified polyurethane aqueous solution, and constructing the sill with the height of (5 +/-2) cm around the tree pit after the soil is level to the ground. Is convenient for irrigating water and accumulating rainwater to drip saline and alkaline.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention is an integrated coordination of chemical measures and engineering measures for saline-alkali soil improvement, is a afforestation supporting measure suitable for comprehensive treatment of salt isolation and salt resistance of saline-alkali soil in inland alpine regions, greatly reduces the cost, is convenient for spraying construction, and overcomes the defects of high manufacturing cost and complicated construction of traditional materials.
2. Spraying a polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) aqueous solution on the bottom and the inner wall of a planting pit and the upper part of the planting pit, and solidifying to form a salt isolation layer and a salt barrier layer, wherein the salt isolation layer breaks the capillary pores of the soil, so that salt cannot move upwards through the capillary pores; the salt-resistant layer blocks contact with dry atmosphere, can preserve soil moisture and preserve heat, inhibits evaporation of soil moisture, controls surface accumulation of salt, effectively inhibits salt return of soil, obviously reduces the salt return rate of the soil in the tree pits, obviously reduces the total salt content in the tree pits to be lower than that in the tree pits without using salt-separating and salt-resistant measures, and reduces the total salt content in a soil layer range of 0-10cm after 2 months of forestation by 69.2-76.3%; the total salt content in the range of 10-20cm is reduced by 82.5-90.2%; the total salt content in the range of 20-50cm is reduced by 75.0-95.3%; the total salt content in the soil layer range of 0-10cm after 1 year of afforestation is reduced by 78.1-84.3%; the total salt content in the range of 10-20cm is reduced by 80.5-89.9%; the total salt content in the range of 20-50cm is reduced by 73.4-89.3%.
3. By adopting the method for afforestation in the saline-alkali soil of the inland alpine region, the salt return rate of the soil inside the pit can be reduced, the salt return rate of the soil outside the pit can also be reduced, the overall environment of the afforestation ground is improved, the total salt content outside the pit is lower than that of the soil without a polyurethane salt-separating layer, and the total salt content of the soil layer outside the pit within the range of 50-70cm is reduced by 16.8-38.5% after 2 months of afforestation; after 1 year of afforestation, the total salt content of the soil layer outside the tree pit within the range of 50-70cm is reduced by 31.5-61.2%.
4. The survival rate of the populus diversifolia planted by the method reaches over 86.0 percent; the high net growth amount of the trees averagely reaches more than 0.2 m/year; the net growth quantity of the breast diameter averagely reaches more than 2 cm/year; planting the young populus tremuloides and the populus diversifolia, wherein the survival rate reaches more than 87.0 percent; the high net growth amount of the trees averagely reaches more than 0.3 m/year; the net growth quantity of the breast diameter averagely reaches more than 2 cm/year; planting tamarisk, the survival rate reaches more than 85.0 percent; the high net growth amount of the trees averagely reaches more than 0.3 m/year; the net growth amount of the breast diameter averagely reaches more than 1 cm/year.
5. The method utilizes the salt isolation layer to prevent salt from entering the periphery of the root system in the early afforestation stage and the seedling stage of the plant, ensures that the salt content around the plant root system in the tree pit is low, and reduces the forced damage of the salt to the root system. Especially in the early stage of afforestation, the growth of the root system can be promoted, the absorption of the root system to nutrients and water can be promoted, a soil environment which is beneficial to the growth of plants is created, and the salt tolerance of the plants is gradually trained; after the plant survives and grows into a plant, the plant root system can penetrate through a salt isolation layer formed by polyurethane, and the growth of the plant root system cannot be inhibited; the plant root system can not penetrate through the plastic film, so that the growth of the plant is inhibited to a great extent, and particularly the drought-resistant and salt-tolerant plant with developed root system.
6. The method also has good effects of preserving water and soil moisture, and effectively reduces irrigation times. After irrigation, the method provided by the invention can obviously inhibit the evaporation of soil moisture, maintain the water content of the soil, provide good moisture conditions for plant growth, and effectively increase the time between two times of irrigation.
7. The method uses polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) to spray aqueous solution on the afforestation site, the aqueous solution is solidified to form a salt isolation layer and a salt resistance layer which are nontoxic and have good freezing resistance and ageing resistance, and a gelatinous consolidation layer formed by solidification has certain flexibility and strength, better permeability and cohesiveness to soil, better consolidation strength can be achieved, the effect of preventing salt water from moving upwards is achieved, and the soil evaporation rate is reduced; but also can make the plant root system penetrate, and can not inhibit the growth of the plant.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a planting pit according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a salt-blocking slope for constructing a planting pit according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a sprayed salt-resistant layer of a planting pit according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a seedling planted in a planting pit according to example 1 of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1. Planting pits; 11. planting the pit bottom; 12. the inner wall of the planting pit; 13. planting a pit opening; 14. soil piling; 2. a pit bottom seepage hole; 3. a pit bottom salt isolation layer; 4. a pit wall salt isolation layer; 5. nursery stock; 6. a slope surface; 7. water seepage holes are arranged; 8. a salt-resistant layer; 9. and (4) a soil ridge.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. These examples are illustrative only and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
In the embodiment of the invention, populus euphratica, populus microphylla and tamarix chinensis are taken as examples, and other tree species such as atriplex canescens, Calligonum mongolicum, Potentilla argyrella chinensis, red sand, Siberian nitraria, hairy leaf nitraria, Piper fusiforme, medlar, sea buckthorn, oleaster, Xinjiang poplar, apricot, ephedra, caragana microphylla, populus tomentosa, robinia pseudoacacia, overlord, elm, Picea japonica, white birch, and Chrysanthemum indicum are all suitable for the invention.
The polyurethane (HYCEL OH-1A) used in the present invention was obtained from a product manufactured by Nippon chemical industries, Inc., and has the following characteristics:
the specific implementation mode of the invention takes a comprehensive treatment demonstration area of the saline-alkali soil of the gaga town of the Deltah city of the Qinghai-Damu basin of the saline-alkali soil of the inland high-cold area as the forestation area.
The forestation land is located in the gaga town of Dereamha city, west, on the northeast edge of the Chadada basin, Qinghai province, and the geographical position is 97 degrees at the east longitude, 27 degrees at the north latitude, 12 degrees at the north latitude, and the elevation is 2869 meters. The method belongs to typical high and cold continental climate, the growing season of plants in the region is short, the plants are mainly concentrated in 6-9 months, the climate is dry, the solar radiation is strong, the annual average sunshine duration can reach more than 3100h, the rainfall is rare, the annual average rainfall is only about 89.88mm, the evaporation is strong, and the annual average evaporation is more than 2525 mm. The soil is mainly desert saline soil and meadow saline soil, and the salt composition in the area is mainly chlorine salt and sulfate.
In the embodiment of the invention, besides the saline-alkali soil of the Khaki basin in Qinghai province, other inland and high-cold saline-alkali soil are also suitable for afforestation by the method. In the embodiment of the invention, the saline-alkali soil is forested in 4 middle ten days of spring every year, and populus euphratica, populus microphylla and tamarix chinensis are planted. Measuring the corresponding plant growth condition at the beginning of 5 months in the year, and measuring the soil water content and the soil water retention effect at 2 months after the forestation is finished; and measuring the total salt content of the soil 2 months and 1 year after afforestation.
Example 1 drainage salt washing of afforestation sites
1. Laying drainage pipe networks (water suction pipes/belts, water collecting pipes, inspection wells/monitoring wells, observation holes, outlet control buildings and the like) and arranging irrigation channels on the forestation site according to the suggestions of 'farmland irrigation and drainage'; the water absorption pipe is made of a PVC pipe, a plurality of capillary permeable and drainage strips which are uniformly distributed are connected on the PVC pipe, the capillary permeable and drainage strips are distributed on two sides of the water absorption pipe in a feather shape, an included angle of 60 degrees is formed between the drainage strips and the longitudinal direction of the water absorption pipe, the water collection pipe is made of PVC materials, the length of the water collection pipe is 470m, the water absorption pipe and the water collection pipe are horizontally arranged in an included angle of 60 degrees, the water absorption pipe is distributed in a feather shape, the length of the water absorption pipe is 80-100 m, and the length of the drainage; the intervals of the water suction pipes are respectively 40 m; the drainage modulus q is 0.0056 m/d; the pipe diameter of the water suction pipe is 75mm, and the pipe diameter of the water collecting pipe is 800 mm.
2. Irrigating water to the forestation land by adopting a clearance flushing mode, injecting water into a water irrigation channel, leaching salt on the surface layer into a drainage pipeline in a large water flood irrigation mode, and then discharging the leached salt water through the drainage pipeline;
3. after the flushing is finished, after the underground water level is reduced to 0.3-0.5 m away from the ground, the next irrigation is carried out. After each irrigation, the soil sample of each layer of the afforestation site is taken out layer by layer, the salinity of the afforestation site is measured by a salinity meter (CT-3081, manufactured by KEDIDA company, model number: 0.5 percent), and the irrigation, the flushing and the soil taking are repeated until the salinity of the afforestation site is less than or equal to 0.5 percent.
The method for reducing the salt content of the saline-alkali soil to be forested adopts a drainage salt-washing mode to reduce the salt content of the saline-alkali soil to be forested to be less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and besides the method, any drainage salt-washing method known in the field is suitable for the method.
Example 2 plug-planting Populus diversifolia forest
1. Digging planting pit
Measuring on the saline-drained and salt-washed forestation planned land, digging a planting pit 1 for planting nursery stocks according to the requirement of the row spacing of plants designed for forestation, wherein the planting pit is cylindrical, as shown in figure 1, the bottom surface 11 of the planting pit is circular, the inner wall 12 is vertical to the bottom surface of the planting pit, the diameter of the bottom surface of the planting pit is 50cm, the depth of the pit is 50cm, the diameter of a pithead 13 of the planting pit is 50cm, and soil piles 14 are formed beside the pithead and the soil piles dug in the planting pit. The dug-out mound is placed outside the planting pit, the core soil layer is on the top, and the surface soil layer is on the bottom.
In the embodiment of the invention, the row spacing and the plant spacing for afforestation are 1.5m multiplied by 1.5 m. The planting pits of the invention are not only cylindrical, but also other shapes such as round table, rectangular parallelepiped and square are applicable to the invention; the size of the planting pit can be excavated according to the specification of the sapling to be forested, in the embodiment of the invention, the planting pit is described by taking a cylindrical planting pit with the diameter of 50cm at the bottom surface, the depth of 50cm and the diameter of 50cm at the pit opening of the planting pit as an example, and the other diameters are 30-80 cm; planting pits with a depth of 30-100cm are all suitable for the present invention. The method can be used for hole soil preparation and planting pit excavation, and can also be used for ditch soil preparation and planting ditch excavation, wherein the depth of the ditch is 50cm, and the width of the ditch is 50 cm.
2. Laying a bottom salt-separating layer
2A, spreading paper sheets with the diameter of 10cm by newspaper at the center of the bottom of the planting pit, and pressing the paper sheets by soil blocks;
2B, mixing the polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) and water according to the weight ratio of 1:99, spraying the mixture on the bottom of the planting pit, solidifying the polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) water solution sprayed on the bottom of the planting pit to form a polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) pit bottom salt isolation layer 3, wherein the spraying amount of the polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) water solution is 4L/m2(ii) a The thickness of a salt isolation layer at the bottom of a polyurethane (HYCEL OH-1A) pit at the bottom of the planting pit reaches 5 cm;
and 2C, removing the paper sheets and the soil blocks placed in the step 2A to form planting pit bottom seepage holes 2 with the diameter of 10cm (see figures 2 and 3).
The diameter of the water seepage hole in the embodiment of the invention is 10cm, and other diameters are less than or equal to 10cm, preferably 8-10cm, which are all suitable for the invention.
The sprayed aqueous solution of polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) of the present invention is referred to "patent application No.: 200810044307.6, respectively; the invention has the name: the method for chemical sand stabilization and plant growth of sand squares is prepared by the Chinese patent application.
3. Laying a side wall salt-separating layer
Mixing polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) and water at a weight ratio of 1:99, spraying onto the inner wall of the planting pit with a height of 20cm, and solidifying the aqueous solution of polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) sprayed onto the inner wall of the planting pit to form a salt barrier layer 4 on the inner wall of the polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A), wherein the spraying amount of the aqueous solution of polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) is 2L/m2(ii) a Until the thickness of the salt isolation layer on the inner wall of the polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) of the planting pit reaches 2.5cm (see figures 2 and 3).
In the embodiment of the invention, the height of the salt isolation layer on the inner wall of the planting pit is 20cm as an example, and other heights of 10-50cm are all suitable for the invention.
4. Planting nursery stock
4-1, uniformly mixing the organic compost material and the original soil of the saline-alkali soil according to the volume ratio of 5:95 to prepare a mixed matrix for later use;
in the embodiment of the invention, the volume ratio of the organic fertilizer to the original soil after drainage and salt washing of saline-alkali soil is 5:95 as an example, and other ratios of 1-5:95-99 are all suitable for the invention. Besides organic compost, plant straw or livestock manure retting fertilizer, other organic fertilizers known in the art are suitable for the present invention.
The application of fertilizer to forest lands, particularly the application of organic fertilizer, plays an important role in increasing the soil organic matters of saline-alkali soil, improving the soil structure, promoting the activity of soil microorganisms, improving the soil fertility and increasing the growth of trees. Meanwhile, the high soil fertility can also enhance the saline-alkali tolerance of the trees. The organic fertilizer is additionally applied to the saline-alkali soil, so that the soil fertility can be improved, the soil compactness can be changed, and the loose texture is overhead to isolate alkali, so that the saline-alkali soil fertilizer has the effect of inhibiting the rising and accumulation of salt.
The invention recommends the use of organic fertilizers such as animal manure, straws, wheat bran firewood and the like which are coarse pine, have higher fiber content and are easy to ferment.
Planting 4-2 years-old 2-year-old bare-root populus diversifolia seedlings with the height of more than 150cm into planting pits before the seedlings sprout in the middle ten days of 4 months in spring, planting and afforesting the seedlings, and simultaneously filling the mixed matrix into the planting pits and tamping the mixed matrix until the height of the mixed matrix in the planting pits 1 is 10cm lower than the ground surface;
before afforestation, root soaking, root dipping, pruning and the like are carried out on the nursery stock. The roots were soaked with 30ppm ABT (GGR6) rooting powder and the seedlings were subjected to a mild pruning or cut-off treatment and painted at the pruning site to reduce water evaporation after germination. The planting is carried out according to the technical requirement of 'three burying, two stepping and one seedling lifting'. The height of the mixed matrix in the pit is less than or equal to 10cm from the ground surface, and the method is suitable for the invention.
4-3, constructing a slope surface 6 at an angle of 15 degrees (usually 15-30 degrees are all applicable to the invention) by taking the sapling as a circle center and an inclination angle (alpha, an included angle with a horizontal plane), as shown in fig. 2, namely cutting off soil on the upper part of the side wall of the tree pit and flattening to form a slope surface with the height of 10cm (usually less than or equal to 10cm) and the inclination angle of 15 degrees; shoveling soil on the upper part of the side wall of the planting pit to form a slope surface with a downward inclined surface and an inclination angle of 15 degrees, wherein the slope surface takes the saplings as the circle centers;
4-4, laying a paper sheet with the diameter of 10cm by taking the planted tree seedling as a center, and pressing the paper sheet by using soil blocks; then mixing polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) and water according to the weight ratio of 1:99, and spraying onto the surface of the built salt-resistant slope, wherein the spraying amount of the polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) aqueous solution is 4L/m2(ii) a Solidifying to form a polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) salt-resistant layer 8 (shown in figure 3), wherein the thickness of the formed polyurethane (HYCELOH-1A) salt-resistant layer reaches 5 cm; the paper pieces and soil blocks placed in the center of the seedlings were removed to form water seepage holes 7 in the planting pits with a diameter of 10cm (see fig. 3).
The embodiment of the invention takes the planted tree seedling as the center and lays a paper sheet with the diameter of 10cm as an example, and the paper sheet or other solid objects with the diameter of more than or equal to 5cm are all suitable for the invention.
4-5, covering soil above the salt-resistant layer, and building a sill 9 (see figure 4) with the height of (5 +/-2) cm around the tree pit after the soil is level to the ground so as to facilitate irrigation and accumulated rainwater to wash the saline and alkaline. Irrigation is carried out immediately after planting.
5. Maintenance management
After planting, watering root fixing water in time, which is beneficial to survival of the nursery stock; righting and fixing the inclined plants in time; preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests; regularly trimming overgrown, over-dense, diseased and withered branches.
The later-stage tending management is also very important and mainly comprises the works of soil loosening and weeding, pruning and thinning, natural disaster prevention and control, water diversion and irrigation, irrigation and drainage and irrigation channel management and protection and the like. Loosening soil is generally continuously carried out for 3 years, 1-3 times per year, the depth is 5-10cm, arid areas can be deep properly, and the roots of seedlings are not damaged. Weeding is carried out in time, and the weeding is combined with seedling strengthening, vine removing and the like. In the young forest period, timely tiller removal, bud picking, pruning and shaping are carried out, and the tree shape is controlled according to the requirements of the forest stand structure. Stumping and rejuvenating the young trees which are not grown or are damaged. The young forest needs to be protected against freezing, drought and diseases and insect pests in time; the cover is carried out on the sapling for at least 4 times every year, and the irrigation quantity of each time of irrigation is 40-50 cubic meters per mu.
The irrigation water is typically: returning green water, and irrigating water before tree germination in 3 last ten days; promoting growth of water, and irrigating water in the branch and leaf expansion period of 5-6 months; and thirdly, irrigating water in summer and drought, sealing the water, and irrigating in 11 months to promote the growth of the root system. The young forest can increase the irrigation frequency according to the drought degree of soil, the larger the forest age is, the larger the irrigation amount is each time, but the frequency can be properly reduced.
Generally, the frequency of irrigation can be increased according to the drought degree of soil in young forests, the larger the forest age is, the larger the irrigation amount is in each time, but the frequency can be properly reduced.
Investigating the survival rate of trees in the forestation area according to an artificial forestation quality evaluation index LY/T1844-2009, wherein the survival rate of the planted poplars in the second year after forestation reaches 86.1 percent, the growth speed of seedlings is high, and the high net growth amount of the trees averagely reaches 0.11 m/year; the net growth of the breast diameter averagely reaches 0.2 cm/year.
Example 2A hole-shaped soil preparation and Populus diversifolia forest planting
The procedure of example 2 was repeated, except that the ratio of the polyurethane (HYCEL OH-1A) to water used for laying the bottom salt-barrier layer, the side wall salt-barrier layer and the salt-barrier layer was 3: 97.
Investigating the survival rate of trees in the forestation area according to an artificial forestation quality evaluation index LY/T1844-2009, wherein the survival rate of the planted poplars in the second year after forestation reaches 86.5 percent, the growth speed of seedlings is high, and the high net growth amount of the trees averagely reaches 0.11 m/year; the net growth of the breast diameter averagely reaches 0.2 cm/year.
Example 2B hole soil preparation and Populus diversifolia forest cultivation
The procedure of example 2 was repeated, except that the ratio of the polyurethane (HYCEL OH-1A) to water used for laying the bottom salt-barrier layer, the side wall salt-barrier layer and the salt-barrier layer was 5: 95.
Investigating the survival rate of trees in the forestation area according to an artificial forestation quality evaluation index LY/T1844-2009, wherein the survival rate of the planted poplars in the second year after forestation reaches 87%, the growth speed of seedlings is high, and the high net growth amount of the trees averagely reaches 0.12 m/year; the net growth of the breast diameter averagely reaches 0.3 cm/year.
Example 2C hole soil preparation and Populus diversifolia forest cultivation
The procedure of example 2 was repeated, except that the ratio of the polyurethane (HYCEL OH-1A) to water used for laying the bottom salt-barrier layer, the side wall salt-barrier layer and the salt-barrier layer was 7: 93.
Investigating the survival rate of trees in the forestation area according to an artificial forestation quality evaluation index LY/T1844-2009, wherein the survival rate of the planted poplars in the second year after forestation reaches 87.2 percent, the seedling growth speed is high, and the high net growth amount of the trees averagely reaches more than 0.14 m/year; the net growth of the breast diameter averagely reaches 0.2 cm/year.
Example 2D hole soil preparation and cultivation of Populus diversifolia forest
Except for the bottom salt-separating layer, the side wall salt-separating layer and the salt-resisting layer, the ratio of the polyurethane (HYCEL OH-1A) to water used for laying the bottom salt-separating layer, the side wall salt-separating layer and the salt-resisting layer is 5:93, and the spraying amount of the polyurethane aqueous solution at the bottom of the planting pit and on the salt-resisting slope surface is 3L/m2(ii) a The spraying amount of the polyurethane aqueous solution on the inner wall of the planting pit is 1.5L/m2Otherwise, the same as in example 2 was repeated.
Example 2E hole soil preparation and Populus diversifolia forest cultivation
Except for the bottom salt-separating layer, the side wall salt-separating layer and the salt-resisting layer, the ratio of the polyurethane (HYCEL OH-1A) to water used for laying the bottom salt-separating layer, the side wall salt-separating layer and the salt-resisting layer is 5:93, and the spraying amount of the polyurethane aqueous solution at the bottom of the planting pit and on the salt-resisting slope surface is 5L/m2(ii) a The spraying amount of the polyurethane aqueous solution on the inner wall of the planting pit is 1L/m2Otherwise, the same as in example 2 was repeated.
Example 3 hole soil preparation and cultivation of Populus tremula x Populus diversifolia forest
The procedure of example 2B was repeated except that 2-year-old, 150 cm-high seedlings of bare-rooted populus tremuloides x populus diversifolia were planted in the planting pits in 4 months of the spring every year before the seedlings germinated, and the mixed base was filled in the planting pits and tamped in the middle ten days of the spring.
Investigating the survival rate of trees in the forestation area according to an artificial forestation quality evaluation index LY/T1844-2009, wherein the survival rate of the planted small-leaf poplars and poplars in the second year after forestation reaches 87.4 percent, the growth speed of seedlings is high, and the high net growth amount of trees averagely reaches 0.21 m/year; the net growth of the breast diameter averagely reaches 0.8 cm/year.
Example 4 pit-shaped soil preparation and planting of Tamarix chinensis forest
Except for digging planting pits in the step 1), the row spacing and the planting spacing of forestation are 1m multiplied by 1 m; and 4) selecting 1-year seedlings and the Chinese tamarisk seedlings with bare roots and height of more than 150cm to be planted into the planting pits before the seedlings sprout, and performing planting and afforestation except for 4 middle ten days of spring every year, wherein the rest is the same as the embodiment 2A.
Investigating the survival rate of trees in an afforestation site according to an evaluation index LY/T1844-2009 for artificial afforestation quality, wherein the survival rate of the tamarix chinensis planted in the second year after afforestation reaches 85.6 percent, the growth speed of seedlings is high, and the high net growth amount of the trees averagely reaches 0.21 m/year; the net growth of the breast diameter averagely reaches 0.6 cm/year.
Comparative example 1 hole-shaped soil preparation and Populus euphratica forest planting
The procedure of example 2 was repeated except that the salt-blocking layer was formed by spraying an aqueous solution of polyurethane (HYCEL OH-1A) not on the bottom and side walls of the planting pits and on the upper parts of the planting pits and the salt-blocking slope.
Comparative example 2 hole-shaped soil preparation and Populus diversifolia forest planting
The procedure of example 2 was repeated except that the polyethylene film was laid on the bottom and side walls of the planting pits as the salt-barrier layer, and the polyethylene film was laid on the upper parts of the planting pits and on the salt-resistant slope surface as the salt-resistant layer.
Test example 1 soil salt return rate test
And (3) respectively after 2 months and 1 year of afforestation, taking a soil sample at a position 15cm away from the tree pit by using a soil-taking drill at 0-70cm, and measuring the total salt content of the soil at different soil depths. Three replicates were selected for each treatment. The test results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
The soil salinity was measured using a CT-3081 salinity meter from KEDIDA (Kodada). Drying the soil with different depths in an oven at 80 ℃ for 8 hours, then uniformly mixing the dried soil and water according to the weight ratio of 1:5, and filtering; a salinity meter was then inserted into the filtrate to determine the salt content.
TABLE 1 test results of total salt content in soil inside and outside plant pit 2 months after afforestation
TABLE 2 test results of total salt content in soil inside and outside the pit 1 year after afforestation
From the test results of tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that:
1. the polyurethane aqueous solution solidified film and the polyethylene film are used as the treatment of salt-resisting and salt-isolating measures, and the soil has the same total salt contentIs significantly lower than the control example which does not adopt the salt separation and salt resistance measures. The ratio of the polyurethane to the water is 7:93, the inhibition effect on the salt return amount of the soil is the best, but the difference on the change of the salt content of the soil is not great compared with the ratio of the polyurethane to the water of 5: 95. When the ratio of the polyurethane to the water is 5:95, the spraying amount is 5L/m2And 4L/m2The influence on the change of the salt content of the soil is not obvious. The salt content of the soil treated by laying the polyethylene film is obviously higher than that of the soil treated by spraying the mixed solution of polyurethane and water. Therefore, the invention recommends the ratio of the polyurethane to the water to be 5:95, and the spraying amount to be 4L/m2The effect of inhibiting soil salt return is optimal.
2. The total salt content in the soil layer range of 0-10cm after 2 months of afforestation is reduced by 69.2-76.3%; the total salt content in the range of 10-20cm is reduced by 82.5-90.2%; the total salt content in the range of 20-50cm is reduced by 75.0-95.3%; the total salt content in the soil layer range of 0-10cm after 1 year of afforestation is reduced by 78.1-84.3%; the total salt content in the range of 10-20cm is reduced by 80.5-89.9%; the total salt content in the range of 20-50cm is reduced by 73.4-89.3%.
3. The method of the invention can not only reduce the salt return rate of the soil inside the pit, but also reduce the salt return rate of the soil outside the pit, improve the overall environment of the afforestation site, the total salt content outside the pit is lower than that of the unused polyurethane salt-separating layer, and the total salt content outside the pit in the range of 50-70cm after 2 months of afforestation is reduced by 16.8-38.5%; after 1 year of afforestation, the total salt content of the soil layer outside the tree pit within the range of 50-70cm is reduced by 31.5-61.2%.
Test example 2 soil moisture content variation test
Irrigating and watering the nursery stock after afforestation is finished, and after watering thoroughly, taking a soil sample at a distance of 15cm from the tree pit by using a soil drill at a distance of 0-50cm, and measuring the water content of the soil at different depths. Three replicates were selected for each treatment. The test results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 change of soil water content after completion of afforestation and 60 days of watering
As can be seen from FIG. 2, the treatment using the polyurethane aqueous solution solidified film and the polyethylene film as the salt-blocking and salt-blocking measures has a soil water content significantly higher than that of the comparative example without the salt-blocking and salt-blocking measures. The ratio of the polyurethane to the water is 7:93 and 5:95, so that the soil has the best water retention effect and the highest water content. When the ratio of the polyurethane to the water is 5:95, the spraying amount is 5L/m2And 4L/m2The influence on the change of the water content of the soil is not obvious. The water content of the soil treated by laying the polyethylene film is obviously lower than that of the soil treated by spraying the mixed solution of polyurethane and water. Therefore, the invention recommends the ratio of the polyurethane to the water to be 5:95, and the spraying amount to be 4L/m2The effect of water retention on soil is optimal. Therefore, the invention can effectively reduce the evaporation of soil moisture while effectively inhibiting the salt return of the soil, has better water retention effect and reduces the irrigation frequency of the seedlings.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any variations, modifications, and substitutions which may occur to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the true spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for afforestation on inland saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
1) digging planting pits or planting ditches in the saline-alkali soil;
2) polyurethane solution is respectively sprayed on the bottom and the inner wall of the planting pit or the planting ditch and is solidified to form a bottom and inner wall salt isolation layer, and a water seepage hole is formed in the bottom salt isolation layer and is used for effectively and timely infiltrating irrigation water into lower soil, so that the root system of the plant is prevented from being rotten due to the accumulation of the irrigation water, the air permeability of the soil can be increased, the respiration of the root system of the plant is maintained, and the root system can effectively absorb the moisture and nutrition of the soil; wherein the amount of the sprayed polyurethane solution at the bottom of the planting pits or the planting ditches is 2-10L/m2(ii) a Spraying polyurethane solution onto the inner wall of the planting pit or the planting ditch in an amount of 1-5L/m2(ii) a And the height of the salt-separating layer on the inner wall is less than that of the planting pit or seedThe depth of the planting furrows;
3) placing the planting substrate and the saplings in the planting pits or the planting ditches and tamping;
4) when the planting substrate is filled into the planting pits or the planting ditches and tamped to a position which is not more than 10cm away from the tops of the planting pits or the planting ditches, digging slope slopes at the peripheries of the planting pits or the planting ditches along an angle with an inclination angle of 15-30 degrees;
5) spraying polyurethane solution in the radius of 5cm or more and slope surface with the seedling as the center of circle, solidifying to form salt-resistant layer, wherein the spraying amount of the polyurethane solution is 2-10L/m2；
6) And covering the soil on the salt resistance layer when the slope of the slope is excavated.
2. The forestation method according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the polyurethane to the water in the polyurethane solution in the steps 2) and 5) is 1-10: 90-99.
3. The afforestation method according to claim 2, wherein the polyurethane in the steps 2) and 5) contains polyurethane, toluene diisocyanate and butanone, wherein the mass percentage of the polyurethane is (74 +/-5)%; the mass percentage content of toluene diisocyanate is (11 +/-5)%, and the rest is butanone.
4. The method of afforestation according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle in the step 4) is 15 °.
5. The afforestation method according to claim 1, further comprising the step 1A) of draining and washing salt, wherein after the draining and salt washing are carried out on the land to be afforested until the salt content of the land to be afforested is less than or equal to 0.5%, planting pits or planting ditches are dug on the afforestation land.
6. The afforestation method according to claim 1, further comprising a step 7): and (3) performing maintenance management on the planted saplings: watering root fixing water in time after planting; and pruning, thinning and loosening the soil for the afforestation seedlings.
7. The afforestation method according to claim 1, wherein the planting substrate selects soil of a site to be afforested and alien soil in step 3).
8. The afforestation method according to claim 1, wherein the size of the planting pit in the step 1) is 30-80cm in diameter; the depth is 30-100 cm; the width of the planting ditch is 30-80 cm; the depth is 30-100 cm.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the sapling in step 3) is selected from one or more of populus euphratica, populus tremuloides, tamarix chinensis, atriplex canescens, hovenia dulcis, lonicera arguta, rosa rubra, siberian nitraria, nitraria pilosa, haloxylon, lycium barbarum, hippophae rhamnoides, oleaster, sinojiang poplar, prunus armeniaca, ephedra, caragana microphylla, populus tomentosa, robinia pseudoacacia, bayberry, elm, picea aspera, white birch, and rosa labrata.
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| CN109566236A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-05 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A method of improving heavy saline Chinese tamarisk fast-growth |
| CN109661927A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-04-23 | 嘉兴恒力建材科技有限公司 | Anti-drying invisible grass planting well cover |
| CN110603920A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-12-24 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Salix purpurea shrub planting system and method in desertification soil in alpine region |
| CN111165108B (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2023-06-23 | 山东农业大学 | In-situ film-forming salt-separating operation device and method for saline-alkali soil improvement |
| CN112449974B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2023-09-08 | 新疆林业科学院 | Method for manually promoting quick forestation of populus euphratica young forest |
| CN114557201A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-31 | 内蒙古太伟生态科技有限公司 | Rapid cutting propagation method for small X populus euphratica |
| CN114651546B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2024-02-27 | 南京林业大学 | Selective semi-open type washing and sun-drying integrated saline-alkali soil improvement system |
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| CN101485275B (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2011-01-05 | 北京林业大学 | Sylvicultural method on argillaceous saline soil |
| CN101803550A (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2010-08-18 | 宁夏大学 | Method for planting tree on saline and alkali land |
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