CN116420849A - 一种风味型牛肉膏及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种风味型牛肉膏及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/40—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof containing additives
- A23L13/42—Additives other than enzymes or microorganisms in meat products or meat meals
- A23L13/428—Addition of flavours, spices, colours, amino acids or their salts, peptides, vitamins, yeast extract or autolysate, nucleic acid or derivatives, organic acidifying agents or their salts or acidogens, sweeteners, e.g. sugars or sugar alcohols; Addition of alcohol-containing products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A23L13/48—Addition of, or treatment with, enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/60—Comminuted or emulsified meat products, e.g. sausages; Reformed meat from comminuted meat product
- A23L13/67—Reformed meat products other than sausages
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/70—Tenderised or flavoured meat pieces; Macerating or marinating solutions specially adapted therefor
- A23L13/72—Tenderised or flavoured meat pieces; Macerating or marinating solutions specially adapted therefor using additives, e.g. by injection of solutions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L13/70—Tenderised or flavoured meat pieces; Macerating or marinating solutions specially adapted therefor
- A23L13/72—Tenderised or flavoured meat pieces; Macerating or marinating solutions specially adapted therefor using additives, e.g. by injection of solutions
- A23L13/74—Tenderised or flavoured meat pieces; Macerating or marinating solutions specially adapted therefor using additives, e.g. by injection of solutions using microorganisms or enzymes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及肉制品调味料加工领域,具体涉及一种风味型牛肉膏及其制备方法。所述牛肉膏由以下原料及其重量份组成:牛骨泥10‑50份,牛里脊20‑80份,氨基酸1‑10份,木糖1‑10份,复合蛋白酶0.01‑0.5份,核苷酸二钠0.1‑5份,香辛料5‑15份,食盐1‑10份,卡拉胶0.5‑1份。本发明所述风味型牛肉膏将牛骨泥与牛里脊一起酶解后,可充分释放呈味氨基酸和多肽,原料中的脂肪、蛋白质、多肽、氨基酸与木糖发生美拉德反应,会形成各种醛类、吡嗪类、噻吩类等特征风味物质;这些风味与香辛料相复配,能激发出自然逼真的牛肉香气;并且由于木糖的参与,会使膏体呈现焦糖色,提亮提色,从而赋予食品更美好的风味。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及肉制品调味料加工领域,具体涉及一种风味型牛肉膏及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着预制菜的浪潮兴起,预制菜的风味可谓成百上千种。消费者对菜品的选择最看重的就是风味是否独特。而传统的牛肉味、鸡肉味、海鲜味等调味品更是琳琅满目,如何赋予预制菜不同的风味产生同质化差异就是商家所追求的点。如,CN105011090B公开了一种低盐酱香牛肉膏香精及其制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:1)水解:取牛肉斩碎后粉碎,加入8倍重量的水,100℃熬煮2小时,过胶体磨后经40目筛网过滤,得牛肉汁;2)反应:取60份步骤1)制备的牛肉汁,加入白糖4份、味精10份、酱油15份、水解植物蛋白10份、牛油8份、五香粉4份、酵母抽取物1份、洋葱粉2份、美拉德反应促进物在98℃下进行美拉德反应,反应结束后得到牛肉反应物;3)乳化:取变性淀粉4份、麦芽糊精8份加至15份水中溶解,得悬浊液;取60份步骤2)所述的牛肉反应物,加入食盐8份、单甘酯0.3份、卵磷脂0.3份、CMC0.2份,搅拌混合加热至90℃,缓慢加入上述悬浊液,于90℃均质乳化30分钟,冷却至60℃后加牛肉香基1份,保温继续乳化20分钟,40目筛网过滤封装制得低盐酱香牛肉膏香精。
然而现有调味品在使用过程中存在留香时间短、香味不足、香气不自然、香气仿真度不高等问题,从而影响消费者对菜品的选择。
发明内容
本发明主要目的在于提供一种风味型牛肉膏及其制备方法,本发明所述风味型牛肉膏留香持久,香味十分接近牛肉自然香气,克服了现有调味品存在的不足。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
本发明提供一种风味型牛肉膏,所述牛肉膏由以下原料及其重量份组成:牛骨泥10-50份,牛里脊20-80份,氨基酸1-10份,木糖1-10份,复合蛋白酶0.01-0.5份,核苷酸二钠0.1-5份,香辛料5-15份,食盐1-10份,卡拉胶0.5-1份。
进一步地,所述牛肉膏由以下原料及其重量份组成:牛骨泥20-35份,牛里脊35-55份,氨基酸1-4份,木糖1-4份,复合蛋白酶0.01-0.3份,核苷酸二钠0.1-0.5份,香辛料4-8份,食盐4-8份,卡拉胶0.5-1份。
进一步地,所述复合蛋白酶包括碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、氨肽酶、脂肪酶、胰酶中的两种及以上。
更进一步地,所述复合蛋白酶由胰酶、碱性蛋白酶、脂肪酶、氨肽酶组成;
或者,所述复合蛋白酶由胰酶、碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、氨肽酶组成。
进一步地,所述氨基酸包括谷氨酸、半胱氨酸、甘氨酸、苏氨酸、赖氨酸中的一种或几种。
更进一步地,所述氨基酸由谷氨酸、半胱氨酸、赖氨酸、甘氨酸组成;
或者,所述氨基酸由半胱氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸、甘氨酸、谷氨酸组成。
本发明还提供所述风味型牛肉膏的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
将牛里脊磨成浆液,与牛骨泥混匀后再过一遍胶体磨,得浆料;
向浆料加入复合蛋白酶后进行酶解,得到酶解混合物;
向酶解混合物中加入木糖、氨基酸后在100-120℃温度下搅拌60-90min,降温至50-60℃时加入核苷酸二钠、香辛料、食盐、卡拉胶,50-60℃搅拌1-3h,过一遍胶体磨后即得牛肉膏成品。
进一步地,将牛里脊经胶体磨磨成2-50mm的浆液。
进一步地,在50-55℃、120r/min条件下搅拌酶解1.5-3h。
本发明还提供以上所述方法制备得到的风味型牛肉膏。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优势:
本发明所述风味型牛肉膏将牛骨泥与牛里脊一起酶解后,可充分释放呈味氨基酸和多肽,原料中的脂肪、蛋白质、多肽、氨基酸与木糖发生美拉德反应,会形成各种醛类、吡嗪类、噻吩类等特征风味物质;这些风味与香辛料相复配,能激发出自然逼真的牛肉香气;并且由于木糖的参与,会使膏体呈现焦糖色,提亮提色,从而赋予食品更美好的风味。
具体实施方式
应该指出,以下详细说明都是示例性的,旨在对本发明提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作和/或它们的组合。
为了使得本领域技术人员能够更加清楚地了解本发明的技术方案,以下将结合具体的实施例详细说明本发明的技术方案。
本实施例所述牛骨泥是牛骨经破碎、匀浆后制备得到的。
实施例1
一种风味型牛肉膏,所述牛肉膏由以下原料及其重量份组成:牛骨泥30份,牛里脊54份,氨基酸3份,木糖3份,复合蛋白酶0.3份,核苷酸二钠0.2份,香辛料5.2份,食盐3.5份,卡拉胶0.8份。
所述复合蛋白酶由以下组成:胰酶0.1份、碱性蛋白酶0.1份、脂肪酶0.05份、氨肽酶0.05份。
所述氨基酸由以下组成:谷氨酸1份、半胱氨酸0.5份、赖氨酸0.5份、甘氨酸1份。
所述香辛料由由以下组成:八角粉1份、茴香粉1份、辣椒粉1份、姜粉1份、丁香粉1份、迷迭香0.2份。
所述风味型牛肉膏的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取新鲜牛里脊经胶体磨磨成30mm的浆液,按比例与牛骨泥混匀后再过一遍胶体磨,得浆料;
(2)向浆料中加入复合蛋白酶后进行酶解,55℃、120r/min搅拌反应2h,得到酶解混合物;
(3)向所得酶解混合物中加入木糖、氨基酸后升温至105℃之间持续搅拌85min,降温至60℃时加入核苷酸二钠、香辛料、食盐、卡拉胶继续60℃搅拌保温2h,过胶体磨后即得牛肉膏成品。
实施例2
一种风味型牛肉膏,所述牛肉膏由以下原料及其重量份组成:牛骨泥35份,牛里脊50份,氨基酸2.7份,木糖3份,复合蛋白酶0.3份,核苷酸二钠0.2份,香辛料5份,食盐3份,卡拉胶0.8份。
所述复合蛋白酶由以下组成:胰酶0.1份、碱性蛋白酶0.05份、木瓜蛋白酶0.05份、氨肽酶0.1份。
所述氨基酸由以下组成:半胱氨酸0.3份、赖氨酸0.5份、苏氨酸0.4份、甘氨酸1份、谷氨酸0.5份。
所述香辛料由由以下组成:蒜粉1份、茴香粉1份、肉桂粉1份、花椒粉1份、丁香粉1份。
所述风味型牛肉膏的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取新鲜牛里脊经胶体磨磨成50mm的浆液,按比例与牛骨泥混匀后再过一遍胶体磨,得浆料;
(2)向浆料中加入复合蛋白酶后进行酶解,55℃、120r/min搅拌反应2h,得到酶解混合物;
(3)向所得酶解混合物中加入木糖、氨基酸后升温至110℃之间持续搅拌70min,降温至60℃时加入核苷酸二钠、香辛料、食盐、卡拉胶继续60℃搅拌保温2h,过胶体磨后即得牛肉膏成品。
实施例3
一种风味型牛肉膏,所述牛肉膏由以下原料及其重量份组成:牛骨泥30份,牛里脊55份,氨基酸2.8份,木糖2.8份,复合蛋白酶0.3份,核苷酸二钠0.1份,香辛料5.2份,食盐3份,卡拉胶0.8份。
所述复合蛋白酶由以下组成:胰酶0.1份、碱性蛋白酶0.05份、木瓜蛋白酶0.05份、氨肽酶0.05份。
所述氨基酸由以下组成:半胱氨酸0.3份、赖氨酸0.5份、苏氨酸0.4份、甘氨酸1份、谷氨酸0.6份。
所述香辛料由由以下组成:蒜粉1份、茴香粉1份、肉桂粉1份、花椒粉1份、丁香粉1份。
所述风味型牛肉膏的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取新鲜牛里脊经胶体磨磨成50mm的浆液,按比例与牛骨泥混匀后再过一遍胶体磨,得浆料;
(2)向浆料中加入复合蛋白酶后进行酶解,55℃、120r/min搅拌反应2h,得到酶解混合物;
(3)向所得酶解混合物中加入木糖、氨基酸后升温至115℃之间持续搅拌65min,降温至60℃时加入核苷酸二钠、香辛料、食盐、卡拉胶继续60℃搅拌保温2h,过胶体磨后即得牛肉膏成品。
实施例4
一种风味型牛肉膏,所述牛肉膏由以下原料及其重量份组成:牛骨泥10份,牛里脊80份,氨基酸10份,木糖10份,复合蛋白酶0.5份,核苷酸二钠5份,香辛料15份,食盐10份,卡拉胶0.5份。
所述复合蛋白酶由以下组成:胰酶0.15份、碱性蛋白酶0.1份、木瓜蛋白酶0.15份、氨肽酶0.1份。
所述氨基酸由以下组成:半胱氨酸2.5份、赖氨酸2.5份、苏氨酸4份、甘氨酸1份、谷氨酸0.5份。
所述香辛料由由以下组成:蒜粉3份、茴香粉2份、肉桂粉3份、花椒粉3份、丁香粉4份。
所述风味型牛肉膏的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取新鲜牛里脊经胶体磨磨成50mm的浆液,按比例与牛骨泥混匀后再过一遍胶体磨,得浆料;
(2)向浆料中加入复合蛋白酶后进行酶解,50℃、120r/min搅拌反应1.5h,得到酶解混合物;
(3)向所得酶解混合物中加入木糖、氨基酸后升温至120℃之间持续搅拌60min,降温至50℃时加入核苷酸二钠、香辛料、食盐、卡拉胶继续50℃搅拌保温1h,过胶体磨后即得牛肉膏成品。
实施例5
一种风味型牛肉膏,所述牛肉膏由以下原料及其重量份组成:牛骨泥50份,牛里脊20份,氨基酸1份,木糖1份,复合蛋白酶0.01份,核苷酸二钠0.1份,香辛料5份,食盐1份,卡拉胶1份。
所述复合蛋白酶由以下组成:胰酶0.001份、碱性蛋白酶0.005份、木瓜蛋白酶0.001份、氨肽酶0.003份。
所述氨基酸由以下组成:半胱氨酸0.1份、赖氨酸0.5份、苏氨酸0.3份、甘氨酸0.1份、谷氨酸0.1份。
所述香辛料由由以下组成:蒜粉1份、茴香粉1份、肉桂粉1份、花椒粉1份、丁香粉1份。
所述风味型牛肉膏的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取新鲜牛里脊经胶体磨磨成50mm的浆液,按比例与牛骨泥混匀后再过一遍胶体磨,得浆料;
(2)向浆料中加入复合蛋白酶后进行酶解,55℃、120r/min搅拌反应3h,得到酶解混合物;
(3)向所得酶解混合物中加入木糖、氨基酸后升温至100℃之间持续搅拌90min,降温至60℃时加入核苷酸二钠、香辛料、食盐、卡拉胶继续60℃搅拌保温3h,过胶体磨后即得牛肉膏成品。
试验例
采购市售牛肉膏两种A、B,对比实施例1-5制得的风味型牛肉膏统一进行感官评价,由专业感官评价小组10人进行评价,分别从以下几个方面进行打分:牛肉香气、咸鲜味、膏体透亮度、醇厚感、喜爱度,分值评价描述见表1。
表1感官评价评分标准
弱 | 微弱 | 中等 | 强 | 较强 |
0-1 | 1-2 | 2-3 | 3-4 | 4-5 |
感官评价结果统计后取平均值如表2所示。
表2牛肉膏感官评价表
项目 | 牛肉香气 | 咸鲜味 | 膏体透亮度 | 醇厚感 | 喜爱度 | 总分 |
实施例1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 4 | 18.9 |
实施例2 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 18.3 |
实施例3 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 18.1 |
实施例4 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 21.1 |
实施例5 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 17.4 |
市售样品A | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 16.5 |
市售样品B | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 17.3 |
从表2可以看出,本发明实施例1-5制得的风味型牛肉膏具有良好的整体风味评价,包括牛肉香气、咸鲜味、膏体透亮度、醇厚感、喜爱度等。评价员们对实施例4的评价最高,其得益于酶制剂能更大程度的水解动物蛋白从而为美拉德反应提供更多种类的游离氨基酸,且还原糖、氨基酸添加量增加,丰富热反应风味;盐、核苷酸二钠等物料的添加使牛肉膏具有浓浓的醇厚感,增加适口性。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种风味型牛肉膏,其特征在于,其由以下原料及其重量份组成:牛骨泥10-50份,牛里脊20-80份,氨基酸1-10份,木糖1-10份,复合蛋白酶0.01-0.5份,核苷酸二钠0.1-5份,香辛料5-15份,食盐1-10份,卡拉胶0.5-1份。
2.根据权利要求1所述风味型牛肉膏,其特征在于,其由以下原料及其重量份组成:牛骨泥20-35份,牛里脊35-55份,氨基酸1-4份,木糖1-4份,复合蛋白酶0.01-0.3份,核苷酸二钠0.1-0.5份,香辛料4-8份,食盐4-8份,卡拉胶0.5-1份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述风味型牛肉膏,其特征在于,所述复合蛋白酶包括碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、氨肽酶、脂肪酶、胰酶中的两种及以上。
4.根据权利要求3所述风味型牛肉膏,其特征在于,所述复合蛋白酶由胰酶、碱性蛋白酶、脂肪酶、氨肽酶组成;
或者,所述复合蛋白酶由胰酶、碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、氨肽酶组成。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述风味型牛肉膏,其特征在于,所述氨基酸包括谷氨酸、半胱氨酸、甘氨酸、苏氨酸、赖氨酸中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求5所述风味型牛肉膏,其特征在于,所述氨基酸由谷氨酸、半胱氨酸、赖氨酸、甘氨酸组成;
或者,所述氨基酸由半胱氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸、甘氨酸、谷氨酸组成。
7.权利要求1-6任一项所述风味型牛肉膏的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将牛里脊磨成浆液,与牛骨泥混匀后再过一遍胶体磨,得浆料;
向浆料加入复合蛋白酶后进行酶解,得到酶解混合物;
向酶解混合物中加入木糖、氨基酸后在100-120℃温度下搅拌60-90min,降温至50-60℃时加入核苷酸二钠、香辛料、食盐、卡拉胶,50-60℃搅拌1-3h,过一遍胶体磨后即得牛肉膏成品。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,将牛里脊经胶体磨磨成2-50mm的浆液。
9.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,在50-55℃、120r/min条件下搅拌酶解1.5-3h。
10.权利要求7-9任一项所述方法制备得到的风味型牛肉膏。
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CN117617474A (zh) * | 2023-12-09 | 2024-03-01 | 东莞市华井生物科技有限公司 | 一种肥牛香精及其制备方法 |
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