CN116143526B - 一种高导热5g信号基站用陶瓷材料 - Google Patents
一种高导热5g信号基站用陶瓷材料 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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Abstract
本发明涉及陶瓷材料领域,具体为一种高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料,包括立方氮化硼,所述立方氮化硼表面含有包覆层,所述包覆层包括二氧化硅和纳米石墨烯,本发明所制备的陶瓷材料力学性能良好,而且热导率>80W/(m·K),作为5G信号基站建设材料,散热性能良好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷材料领域,具体为一种高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料。
背景技术
5G基站是5G网络的核心设备,提供无线覆盖,实现有线通信网络与无线终端之间的无线信号传输。基站的架构、形态直接影响5G网络如何部署。由于频率越高,信号传播过程中的衰减也越大,5G网络的基站密度将更高。
当庞大的数据流量需求如海啸般涌来,叠加对传输速率的高要求,以及5G使用的多天线技术使得计算功耗大幅增加,这就意味着5G基站会消耗大量的电量,换言之,也就会产生大量的热量。如果无法及时散热,不仅会降低基站工作效率,还容易因超负荷运转而造成基站设备损坏、宕机断网等,5G基站一般都处于户外的恶劣环境之中,氧化铝陶瓷的稳定性良好,具有较低的介电常数和介质损耗,是5G信号基站的重要建设材料,但因其热导率较低,导致散热性能不佳。
发明内容
发明目的:针对上述技术问题,本发明提出了一种高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料。
所采用的技术方案如下:
一种高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料,包括立方氮化硼。
进一步地,所述立方氮化硼表面含有包覆层,所述包覆层包括二氧化硅和纳米石墨烯。
进一步地,所述立方氮化硼的制备方法如下:
将经过氨基化处理的立方氮化硼,加入水中,再加入纳米石墨烯制成悬浮液,将硅酸钠、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵溶解于乙醇水溶液中得到混合溶液,将混合溶液和盐酸缓慢滴入悬浮液中,滴毕后加热搅拌反应3-5h,收集所得沉淀洗涤后烘干、煅烧即可。
进一步地,所述氨基化处理可以是氨气等离子体辐照或KH-550处理。
进一步地,所述立方氮化硼与纳米石墨烯的质量比为30-50:1。
进一步地,煅烧的温度为600-650℃,煅烧的时间为1-3h。
进一步地,还包括氧化铝、石墨烯纤维。
进一步地,所述氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼的质量比为15-20:1-2:3-5。
本发明还提供了一种高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料的制备方法:
将氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼混合球磨后烘干,向得到的混合料中加入粘结剂混合造粒,压制成生坯后烧结。
进一步地,烧结时先升温至550-650℃,保温1-2h,再升温至1450-1550℃,保温2-4h。
本发明的有益效果:
立方氮化硼的导热系数接近80W/(m·K),且热稳定性和力学强度良好,可以用于提高氧化铝陶瓷的导热性能,但是有研究表明当立方氮化硼与氧化铝混合烧结时,会降低了立方氮化硼向亚稳六方氮化硼转变的起始温度,而六方氮化硼的生成则会降低导热性能,为此发明人结合静电自组装和化学沉淀法在立方氮化硼表面形成二氧化硅和纳米石墨烯的复合包覆层,氨基化处理后的立方氮化硼表面氨基在酸性条件下的质子化作用使其带有正电荷,会吸附带负电荷的纳米石墨烯,纳米石墨烯会掺杂在生成的二氧化硅中形成导热网络,与石墨烯纤维一起构成导热的通路,从而提高陶瓷材料的导热性能,而且外力作用下,石墨烯纤维断裂时能够发生“拔出效应”,同时引发微裂纹,消耗断裂能,起到增强增韧的作用,立方氮化硼也可以作为第二相增韧颗粒,起到一定的增强增韧的作用,两者共同提高了陶瓷材料的力学性能,经过测试,本发明所制备的陶瓷材料力学性能良好,而且热导率>80W/(m·K),作为5G信号基站建设材料,散热性能良好。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1中所制备立方氮化硼的SEM图。
具体实施方式
实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。本发明未提及的技术均参照现有技术。
实施例1:
一种高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料,包括质量比为18:2:5的氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼。
其中,立方氮化硼的制备方法如下:
将立方氮化硼放入等离子体反应室中,打开等离子体设备电源,预热15min,开启真空泵,抽到压强为20Pa时通入氨气,清洗3次后待压强再一次稳定在20Pa后开始放电,放电功率100W,处理时间120s,关闭电源,静置30min后,取45g经过氨基化处理的立方氮化硼加入1.5L水中,再加入1g纳米石墨烯,超声振荡30min制成悬浮液待用,取10g硅酸钠、0.5g十六烷基三甲基溴化铵溶解于100mL乙醇水溶液(V乙醇:V水=1:1)中得到混合溶液,将混合溶液和0.1mol/L盐酸缓慢滴入悬浮液中,待反应体系的pH至3-4时停止滴入盐酸,混合溶液滴毕后加热至50℃搅拌反应5h,收集所得沉淀用水和乙醇洗涤后烘干,650℃煅烧2h即可。
上述高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料的制备方法:
将氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼加入行星式球磨机,转速选用500r/min;料:球:水(质量比)为1:2:1,混合球磨2h后烘干,向得到的混合料中加入聚乙烯醇作为粘结剂造粒,30MPa下压制成生坯后烧结,烧结时先升温至600℃,保温2h,再升温至1500℃,保温2h。
实施例2:
一种高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料,包括质量比为20:2:5的氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼。
其中,立方氮化硼的制备方法如下:
将立方氮化硼放入等离子体反应室中,打开等离子体设备电源,预热15min,开启真空泵,抽到压强为20Pa时通入氨气,清洗3次后待压强再一次稳定在20Pa后开始放电,放电功率100W,处理时间120s,关闭电源,静置30min后,取50g经过氨基化处理的立方氮化硼加入1.5L水中,再加入1g纳米石墨烯,超声振荡30min制成悬浮液待用,取10g硅酸钠、0.5g十六烷基三甲基溴化铵溶解于100mL乙醇水溶液(V乙醇:V水=1:1)中得到混合溶液,将混合溶液和0.1mol/L盐酸缓慢滴入悬浮液中,待反应体系的pH至3-4时停止滴入盐酸,混合溶液滴毕后加热至50℃搅拌反应5h,收集所得沉淀用水和乙醇洗涤后烘干,650℃煅烧3h即可。
上述高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料的制备方法:
将氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼加入行星式球磨机,转速选用500r/min;料:球:水(质量比)为1:2:1,混合球磨2h后烘干,向得到的混合料中加入聚乙烯醇作为粘结剂造粒,30MPa下压制成生坯后烧结,烧结时先升温至650℃,保温2h,再升温至1550℃,保温4h。
实施例3:
一种高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料,包括质量比为15:1:3的氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼。
其中,立方氮化硼的制备方法如下:
将立方氮化硼放入等离子体反应室中,打开等离子体设备电源,预热15min,开启真空泵,抽到压强为20Pa时通入氨气,清洗3次后待压强再一次稳定在20Pa后开始放电,放电功率100W,处理时间120s,关闭电源,静置30min后,取30g经过氨基化处理的立方氮化硼加入1.5L水中,再加入1g纳米石墨烯,超声振荡30min制成悬浮液待用,取10g硅酸钠、0.5g十六烷基三甲基溴化铵溶解于100mL乙醇水溶液(V乙醇:V水=1:1)中得到混合溶液,将混合溶液和0.1mol/L盐酸缓慢滴入悬浮液中,待反应体系的pH至3-4时停止滴入盐酸,混合溶液滴毕后加热至50℃搅拌反应3h,收集所得沉淀用水和乙醇洗涤后烘干,600℃煅烧1h即可。
上述高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料的制备方法:
将氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼加入行星式球磨机,转速选用500r/min;料:球:水(质量比)为1:2:1,混合球磨2h后烘干,向得到的混合料中加入聚乙烯醇作为粘结剂造粒,30MPa下压制成生坯后烧结,烧结时先升温至550℃,保温1h,再升温至1450℃,保温2h。
实施例4:
一种高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料,包括质量比为20:1:5的氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼。
其中,立方氮化硼的制备方法如下:
将立方氮化硼放入等离子体反应室中,打开等离子体设备电源,预热15min,开启真空泵,抽到压强为20Pa时通入氨气,清洗3次后待压强再一次稳定在20Pa后开始放电,放电功率100W,处理时间120s,关闭电源,静置30min后,取30g经过氨基化处理的立方氮化硼加入1.5L水中,再加入1g纳米石墨烯,超声振荡30min制成悬浮液待用,取10g硅酸钠、0.5g十六烷基三甲基溴化铵溶解于100mL乙醇水溶液(V乙醇:V水=1:1)中得到混合溶液,将混合溶液和0.1mol/L盐酸缓慢滴入悬浮液中,待反应体系的pH至3-4时停止滴入盐酸,混合溶液滴毕后加热至50℃搅拌反应5h,收集所得沉淀用水和乙醇洗涤后烘干,600℃煅烧3h即可。
上述高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料的制备方法:
将氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼加入行星式球磨机,转速选用500r/min;料:球:水(质量比)为1:2:1,混合球磨2h后烘干,向得到的混合料中加入聚乙烯醇作为粘结剂造粒,30MPa下压制成生坯后烧结,烧结时先升温至550℃,保温2h,再升温至1450℃,保温4h。
实施例5:
一种高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料,包括质量比为15:2:3的氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼。
其中,立方氮化硼的制备方法如下:
将立方氮化硼放入等离子体反应室中,打开等离子体设备电源,预热15min,开启真空泵,抽到压强为20Pa时通入氨气,清洗3次后待压强再一次稳定在20Pa后开始放电,放电功率100W,处理时间120s,关闭电源,静置30min后,取50g经过氨基化处理的立方氮化硼加入1.5L水中,再加入1g纳米石墨烯,超声振荡30min制成悬浮液待用,取10g硅酸钠、0.5g十六烷基三甲基溴化铵溶解于100mL乙醇水溶液(V乙醇:V水=1:1)中得到混合溶液,将混合溶液和0.1mol/L盐酸缓慢滴入悬浮液中,待反应体系的pH至3-4时停止滴入盐酸,混合溶液滴毕后加热至50℃搅拌反应3h,收集所得沉淀用水和乙醇洗涤后烘干,650℃煅烧1h即可。
上述高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料的制备方法:
将氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼加入行星式球磨机,转速选用500r/min;料:球:水(质量比)为1:2:1,混合球磨2h后烘干,向得到的混合料中加入聚乙烯醇作为粘结剂造粒,30MPa下压制成生坯后烧结,烧结时先升温至650℃,保温1h,再升温至1550℃,保温2h。
对比例1:
与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,立方氮化硼制备时不加入纳米石墨烯。
对比例2:
与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,直接加入立方氮化硼,不经过包覆处理。
性能测试:
以本发明实施例1-5及对比例1-2中所制备的陶瓷材料作为试样;
依据GB/T 4741-1999测定试样的抗弯强度,单位MPa;
用压痕法测量并计算试样的断裂韧性,单位MPa·m1/2;
使用TPMBE型平板导热仪,依据GB/T10294-2008测定试样的热导率,单位W/(m·K)。
测试结果如下表1所示:
表1:
抗弯强度 | 断裂韧性 | 热导率 | |
实施例1 | 346.2 | 8.9 | 78.32 |
实施例2 | 345.7 | 8.8 | 76.50 |
实施例3 | 343.5 | 8.4 | 74.16 |
实施例4 | 343.9 | 8.6 | 77.24 |
实施例5 | 344.8 | 8.8 | 76.43 |
对比例1 | 323.5 | 8.2 | 63.21 |
对比例2 | 338.3 | 8.7 | 62.67 |
由上表1可知,本发明所制备的陶瓷材料力学性能良好,而且热导率>80W/(m·K),作为5G信号基站建设材料,散热性能良好。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料,其特征在于,包括立方氮化硼;
还包括氧化铝、石墨烯纤维;
所述氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼的质量比为15-20:1-2:3-5;
所述立方氮化硼表面含有包覆层,所述包覆层包括二氧化硅和纳米石墨烯;
所述立方氮化硼的制备方法如下:
将经过氨基化处理的立方氮化硼,加入水中,再加入纳米石墨烯制成悬浮液,将硅酸钠、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵溶解于乙醇水溶液中得到混合溶液,将混合溶液和盐酸缓慢滴入悬浮液中,滴毕后加热搅拌反应3-5h,收集所得沉淀洗涤后烘干、煅烧即可;
所述氨基化处理为氨气等离子体辐照或KH-550处理;
所述立方氮化硼与纳米石墨烯的质量比为30-50:1;
煅烧的温度为600-650℃,煅烧的时间为1-3h。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料的制备方法,其特征在于,将氧化铝、石墨烯纤维、立方氮化硼混合球磨后烘干,向得到的混合料中加入粘结剂混合造粒,压制成生坯后烧结。
3.如权利要求2所述的高导热5G信号基站用陶瓷材料的制备方法,其特征在于,烧结时先升温至550-650℃,保温1-2h,再升温至1450-1550℃,保温2-4h。
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