CN116096690A - 滑动构件 - Google Patents

滑动构件 Download PDF

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CN116096690A
CN116096690A CN202180051889.4A CN202180051889A CN116096690A CN 116096690 A CN116096690 A CN 116096690A CN 202180051889 A CN202180051889 A CN 202180051889A CN 116096690 A CN116096690 A CN 116096690A
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air hole
sliding member
dense
sliding
air holes
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佐伯雅敏
泷川和明
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Kyocera Corp
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Abstract

一种滑动构件(1)，在由陶瓷构成的主体部(2)的滑动面(3)，具有多个气孔(10)密集而成的气孔密集部(4)。

Description

滑动构件
技术领域
公开的实施方式涉及滑动构件。
背景技术
历来，已知有由碳化硅等的陶瓷构成的滑动构件(例如，参照专利文献1)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2002－255651号公报
发明内容
实施方式的一个方式，其目的在于，提供一种能够长期维持良好的滑动性的滑动构件。
解决问题的手段
实施方式的一个方式的滑动构件，在由陶瓷构成的主体部的滑动面，具有多个气孔密集形成的气孔密集部。
附图说明
图1是实施方式的滑动构件的立体图。
图2是表示实施方式的滑动面的SEM观察照片的图。
图3是表示实施方式的滑动面的SEM观察照片的图。
图4是表示实施方式的滑动面的SEM观察照片的图。
图5是表示实施方式的滑动面的SEM观察照片的图。
图6是表示实施方式的滑动面的SEM观察照片的图。
图7是表示实施方式的气孔密集部的构成的一例的图。
图8是表示实施方式的气孔密集部的构成的一例的图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图，对于本申请公开的滑动构件的实施方式进行说明。还有，本发明不受以下所示的实施方式限定。
历来，已知有由碳化硅等的陶瓷构成的滑动构件。但是，在上述现有技术中，关于长期良好地维持滑动性这一点尚有改善的余地。
因此，期待实现一种技术，能够克服上述的问题点，在滑动构件中长期良好地维持滑动性。
图1是实施方式的滑动构件1的俯视图。如图1所示，实施方式的滑动构件1，具有由陶瓷构成的主体部2。该主体部2具有滑动面3。
该滑动面3是经过镜面加工的面，与未图示的其他构件进行滑动。在本发明中，主体部2例如为环状，两个主面成为滑动面3。
实施方式的滑动构件1，例如，能够用于轴承、龙头阀、钻孔加工中的工具、锯齿、滑轮、齿轮、螺纹接头、轴承环、密封环和导引构件等。
作为构成主体部2的陶瓷，可列举氧化铝(Al2O3)、氧化锆(ZrO2)、尖晶石(MgAl2O4)等的氧化物陶瓷，或碳化硅(SiC)、氮化硅(Si3N4)、氮化铝(AlN)、氮化钛(TiN)、碳化钛(TiC)等非氧化物陶瓷等。
其中，从提高滑动面3的滑动性这一观点出发，优选主体部2以碳化硅、氮化硅或氧化铝作为主要成分。
另外，在实施方式中，主体部2以碳化硅作为主要成分更好。由此，能够使主体部2的导热率提高，因此，能够高效地发散与其他构件进行滑动时发生的摩擦热。
图2～图6是表示实施方式的滑动面3的SEM观察照片的图。还有，在以下所示的SEM观察照片中，深色的部位是在表面不存在物质的部位。实施方式的滑动构件1的滑动面3，如图2等所示，具有气孔(pore)10(参照图7)密集而成的气孔密集部4。
1个气孔密集部4包含的气孔10的个数，例如，为40(个)以上且1000(个)以下，特别是优选为100(个)以上且500(个)以下。
另外，气孔密集部4的大小，例如，在截面视野观察的情况下，为25(μm)以上且300(μm)以下，特别是优选为30(μm)以上且150(μm)以下。
另外，气孔密集部4的面积，例如，在截面视野观察的情况下，为450(μm2)以上且75000(μm2)以下，特别是优选为600(μm2)以上且20000(μm2)以下。
另外，密集在气孔密集部4的气孔10的大小，例如，0.5(μm)以上且10(μm)以下。
在此，在实施方式中，由于滑动面3具有气孔密集部4，能够使润滑剂保持在这样的气孔密集部4内的许多气孔10中。由此，滑动构件1与其他构件进行滑动时，能够将保持在气孔密集部4的润滑剂供给到滑动面3。
因此，根据实施方式，能够实现可长期维持良好滑动性的滑动构件1。
另外，在实施方式的气孔密集部4，如图3等所示，可以是多个气孔10(参照图7)密集成球形。由此，能够分散与其他构件进行滑动时发生的摩擦力，从而在滑动面3难以发生不均匀磨损。
因此，根据实施方式，能够实现可以更为长期维持良好滑动性的滑动构件1。还有，在实施方式中，密集成球形的气孔密集部4、和密集成不同于球形形状的气孔密集部4可以在滑动面3混杂存在，滑动面3也可以只存在密集成不同于球形形状的气孔密集部4。
另外，在实施方式中，如图5等所示，滑动面3，可以具有气孔密集部4、和位于该气孔密集部4周围的空隙(void)5。这样的空隙5，沿着气孔密集部4的轮廓设置，例如，是比气孔密集部4内的气孔10(参照图7)大，且在端部具有锐角的形状。
这样，滑动构件1的滑动面3除去气孔密集部4以外还具有空隙5，从而能够使润滑剂也保持在这样的空隙5中。由此，滑动构件1与其他的构件进行滑动时，能够将保持在气孔密集部4和空隙5中的润滑剂供给到滑动面3。
因此，根据实施方式，能够实现可更长期维持良好的滑动性的滑动构件1。
另外，实施方式的空隙5，可以比气孔密集部4内的气孔10大。沿气孔密集部4轮廓的空隙5的长度，例如，为20(μm)以上且60(μm)以下。还有，空隙5的长度可以低于20(μm)，也可以比60(μm)长。
由此，能够将保持在较大空隙5中的润滑剂，依次供给到气孔密集部4内较小的气孔10中。因此，根据实施方式，能够实现可更长期维持良好的滑动性的滑动构件1。
另外，实施方式的空隙5，为在端部具有锐角的形状即可。由此，能够更容易在空隙5中保持润滑剂。
因此，根据实施方式，能够实现可更长期维持良好的滑动性的滑动构件1。
另外，在实施方式中，在滑动面3中位于气孔密集部4的气孔10的内径，可以比位于气孔密集部4以外的主体部2的气孔10的内径大。例如，位于气孔密集部4的气孔10的内径，可以为0.8(μm)～5.0(μm)左右，位于气孔密集部4以外的主体部2的气孔10的内径可以为0.5(μm)～2.0(μm)左右。
由此，能够增大气孔密集部4的气孔10整体的容积，因此能够在气孔密集部4保持更多的润滑剂。因此，滑动构件1与其他构件进行滑动时，能够将保持在气孔密集部4的更多的润滑剂供给到滑动面3。
因此，根据实施方式，能够实现可更长期维持良好的滑动性的滑动构件1。
另外，在实施方式中，气孔密集部4的气孔率可以为5(％)～15(％)的范围。假如气孔密集部4的气孔率低于5(％)时，由于润滑剂的保持量变少，所以可维持良好滑动性的时间缩短。另外，气孔密集部4的气孔率大于15(％)时，则气孔密集部4的强度降低，因此其他构件滑动时，主体部2容易脱粒。
但是，在实施方式中，通过使气孔密集部4的气孔率处于5(％)～15(％)的范围，能够长期维持良好的滑动性，并且能够抑制主体部2的脱粒。
另外，在实施方式中，气孔密集部4的气孔率，可以为气孔密集部4以外的主体部2的气孔率的1.5倍～5倍的范围。由此，能够易于将气孔密集部4的气孔率设定在5(％)～15(％)的范围。
另外，在实施方式中，如图7和图8所示，可以存在在气孔密集部4内连通的气孔10。图7和图8是表示实施方式的气孔密集部4构成的一例的图。
这样，通过存在与气孔密集部4连通的气孔10，气孔密集部4的气孔10整体的容积能够变大，因此能够在气孔密集部4保持更多的润滑剂。
另外，通过许多气孔10和大小气孔10相互连通，能够增加与润滑剂的接触面积，由此能够提高气孔密集部4的润滑剂保持能力。
此外，如图8所示，通过在深度方向也有多个气孔10彼此连通，因为在深度方向连通的气孔10内能够保持润滑剂，所以能够使润滑剂的保持量进一步增加，并且能够进一步提高润滑剂的保持力。
因此，根据实施方式，能够实现可更长期维持良好的滑动性的滑动构件1。
接下来，对于实施方式的滑动构件1的制造工序的概要进行说明。还有，在以下的说明中，显示关于以碳化硅为主要成分的滑动构件1，但本发明不受以下例子限定。
首先，准备主要成分为碳化硅的粉末、和烧结助剂(例如，氧化铝、氧化钇(Y2O3)或碳化硼(B4C)等)的粉末。然后，按规定的比例混合碳化硅粉末和烧结助剂粉末，添加水和分散剂，通过球磨机或珠磨机等以规定时间混合，作为初级浆料。
其次，在得到的初级浆料中添加有机粘合剂并进行混合，作为次级浆料。然后，通过对于得到的次级浆料进行喷雾干燥(spray dry)，得到主要成分为碳化硅的颗粒。
还有，得到这样的颗粒时，适宜设定喷雾干燥的条件，使大小为30(μm)以上且120(μm)以下的颗粒，在全体颗粒之中占70(体积％)以上。
接着，对于得到的颗粒的一部分，进行使之含有热固性树脂的处理，再以100(℃)～200(℃)左右的温度实施热处理，由此使这样的颗粒热固化。
还有，颗粒所含有的热固性树脂，例如，有酚醛树脂、脲醛树脂、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂、或硅树脂等，其中，优选酚醛树脂。另外，颗粒所含有的热固化树脂的量，例如，为0.1(重量％)以上且40(重量％)以下，特别是优选为1(重量％)以上且7(重量％)以下。
然后，按规定的比例混合没有热固化的颗粒和热固化的颗粒，并填充到规定的成形模具中，以适宜设定的压力冲压成形为环状。
在此成形工序中，没有热固化的颗粒被压力压碎，在这样的颗粒内部密集的空隙也被压碎，相对于此，热固化的颗粒在压力下未被压碎，在这样的颗粒内部密集的许多空隙仍原样保留在成形体的内部。
接着，在氩气氛中烧成得到的成形体。还有，作为主要成分使用氮化硅时，在氮气氛中烧成，作为主要成分使用氧化铝时，在大气气氛中烧成即可。
在此烧成工序中，首先，以低于规定的烧结温度50℃至100℃的温度保持2小时～10小时。其次，以规定的烧结温度保持1～10小时，其后冷却至室温，得到烧制体。
在此烧成工序中，由于在密集在热固化的颗粒内部的许多空隙被保留的状态下进行烧成，从而在烧制体的内部形成气孔密集部4。另外，由于热固化的颗粒与没有热固化的颗粒的硬度和热收缩率的差等，导致在冷却烧结体时，在气孔密集部4(即，热固化的颗粒)的周围形成空隙5。
最后，对于得到的烧制体实施镜面加工等研磨处理。由此，能够得到在经过镜面加工的滑动面3有气孔密集部4和空隙5露出的滑动构件1。
以上，对于本发明的实施方式进行了说明，但本发明不受上述实施方式限定，只要不脱离其宗旨便可以进行各种更改。例如，在上述的实施方式中，展示了有关环状的滑动构件1，但滑动构件1的形状不限于环状，各种形状的滑动构件1都能够适用本发明的技术。
本次公开的实施方式，应该认为在所有方面均为例示，而非限制性的。事实上，上述实施方式能够以各种方式具体呈现。另外，上述的实施方式，也可以不脱离附加的权利要求范围及其宗旨，而以各种方式省略、置换、更改。
符号说明
1     滑动构件
2     主体部
3     滑动面
4     气孔密集部
5     空隙(void)
10    气孔(pore)

Claims (8)

1.一种滑动构件，其中，在由陶瓷构成的主体部的滑动面，具有多个气孔密集而成的气孔密集部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滑动构件，其中，所述滑动面具有所述气孔密集部、和位于所述气孔密集部周围的空隙。
3.根据权利要求2所述的滑动构件，其中，所述空隙比所述气孔大。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的滑动构件，其中，所述空隙是在端部具有锐角的形状。
5.根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的滑动构件，其中，在所述气孔密集部，所述多个气孔密集成球形。
6.根据权利要求1～5中任一项所述的滑动构件，其中，在所述滑动面中位于所述气孔密集部的所述气孔的内径，比位于所述气孔密集部以外的所述主体部的所述气孔的内径大。
7.根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的滑动构件，其中，在所述气孔密集部内，存在连通的所述气孔。
8.根据权利要求1～7中任一项所述的滑动构件，其中，所述主体部，以碳化硅为主要成分。
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JPH08128448A (ja) * 1994-10-31 1996-05-21 Kyocera Corp 摺動部材及びこれを用いた摺動装置
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