CN115918476A - Soil improvement method for planting paris polyphylla - Google Patents
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 241000244987 Daiswa polyphylla Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002155 anti-virotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000361 pesticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a soil improvement method for planting paris polyphylla. The method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) 4, deeply ploughing the soil, drying upturned soil in the sun, ploughing, scattering accumulated river sand, and carrying out rotary tillage; (2) after 5 months, opening soil moisture and draining a waterlogging ditch; (3) After 6 months, applying organic fertilizer after rotary tillage, and carrying out rotary tillage for 2-4 times again; (4) 7 months, transplanting paris polyphylla seedlings; and (5) after the seedlings of the paris polyphylla are poured for 10 months, covering the moist soil surface with pine needles. The invention uses the leaf mold to create a bionic environment for the paris polyphylla, mixes sand to remove soil, prevents the soil of the paris polyphylla after transplantation from being hardened due to heavy viscosity, prevents soil obstacle caused by continuous cropping of the paris polyphylla, and ensures that the paris polyphylla achieves higher quality and yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a soil improvement method for planting paris polyphylla.
Background
Rhizoma paridis is the main raw material of GONGXUENING, REDU QING, antivirus granule and QUDESHENGSHEN tablet. With the rapid development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry, the dosage of the production enterprises taking the paris polyphylla as a raw material is greatly increased, and the wild paris polyphylla is less and less due to long-term predatory mining. The scarcity of the paris polyphylla resource can become a bottleneck for restricting the sustainable development of the related pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, the market demand can not be met by only depending on wild resources, and the artificial planting becomes a necessary choice for solving the shortage of the paris polyphylla resources.
The Yunnan rhizoma paridis has high requirements on planting land, good drainage, more humus and higher organic matter content, and is loose and fertile sandy loam; during the growth process of the paris polyphylla, higher air humidity and shielding degree are required. Is suitable for growing in the area with an altitude of 1600-3100 m, the annual average temperature is 9-13 ℃, and the frost-free period is more than 270 days. The annual rainfall is 850-1200 mm, the rainfall is concentrated between 6-9 months, the air humidity is more than 75%, and the requirement of the growth and development of the paris polyphylla on the water content of soil can be met.
The Yunnan manyleaf Paris rhizome takes 8-10 years from planting to harvesting, adopts a greenhouse to grow seedlings for 3 years, and transplants the Yunnan manyleaf Paris rhizome into a field for 4-5 years, so that the best pesticide effect and the highest yield can be achieved. The artificial planting of the paris polyphylla requires improvement of planting soil, and provides a good soil environment for the growth of the paris polyphylla. The traditional method for improving the soil planted by the paris polyphylla uses a large amount of leaf mold, the dosage per mu is more than 20, the cost is high, and the effect is poor; paris polyphylla has high incidence rate and low yield during the field period.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil improvement method for planting paris polyphylla, which uses rotten leaf soil to create a bionic environment for paris polyphylla, mixes sand to remove soil, prevents the soil of paris polyphylla from being hardened due to heavy viscosity after transplantation, prevents soil obstacle caused by continuous cropping of paris polyphylla, and enables paris polyphylla to achieve higher quality and yield.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a soil improvement method for planting rhizoma paridis yunnanensis, which comprises the following steps:
(1) 4, deeply ploughing the soil, drying upturned soil in the sun, ploughing, scattering accumulated river sand, and carrying out rotary tillage;
(2) After 5 months, opening soil moisture and draining a waterlogging ditch;
(3) After 6 months, applying organic fertilizer after rotary tillage, and carrying out rotary tillage for 2-4 times again;
(4) 7, transplanting paris polyphylla seedlings after 7 months;
(5) And (5) after 10 months, covering the moist soil surface with pine needles after seedlings of the paris polyphylla are poured.
Preferably, the depth of the deep ploughing in the step (1) is 20-30 cm.
Preferably, the application amount of the alluvial river sand in the step (1) is 10-15 m 3 Per mu.
Preferably, the width of the dead surface in the step (2) is 1.2-1.6 m (which is convenient for mechanized operation).
Preferably, the width of the drainage ditch in the step (2) is 0.1-0.3 m.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer in the step (3) comprises: 2800 to 3200 portions of rotten leaf soil, 1800 to 2200 portions of rotten sheep manure and 500 to 700 portions of bio-organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the application amount of the organic fertilizer in the step (3) is 5100-6100 kg/mu.
Preferably, the paris polyphylla seedling in the step (4) is grown for 2 to 4 years.
Preferably, the application amount of the pine needles in the step (5) is 20-30 m 3 Per mu.
Preferably, the row spacing of the transplanted paris polyphylla seedlings in the step (5) is 0.13-0.18 multiplied by 0.1-0.3 m, and 12000-14000 seedlings are transplanted per mu.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the traditional Yunnan manyleaf Paris rhizome planting soil improvement method comprises the following steps: a large amount of leaf mold is used, the dosage per mu is more than 20, the cost is high, and the effect is poor; paris polyphylla has high incidence rate and low yield during the field period. The organic fertilizer is mainly used, so that the organic fertilizer is decomposed and converted in the soil, and the organic matter content of the soil is effectively improved; the sand is mixed to improve the soil, and a good soil structure and environment are provided for the growth of the paris polyphylla.
The invention forbids the use of chemical fertilizer and uses the leaf mold to create a bionic environment for the paris polyphylla, mixes sand to remove soil, prevents the soil from being heavy and hardened due to viscosity within 4-5 years after transplantation and is not beneficial to the growth of the rhizome of the paris polyphylla, uses the decomposed sheep manure to provide nutrients required by the growth of the paris polyphylla, uses the biological organic fertilizer, and aims to prevent the soil barrier caused by continuous cropping of the paris polyphylla and ensure that the paris polyphylla achieves higher quality and yield.
The alluvial river sand used in the invention: mainly refers to river alluvial sand, mainly black sand of basalt, white sand of limestone and processing sand for construction.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a soil improvement method for paris polyphylla planting, which comprises the following steps:
(1) 4, deeply ploughing the soil, sunning upturned soil, ploughing, scattering accumulated river sand, and rotary tillage;
(2) After 5 months, opening soil moisture and draining a waterlogging ditch;
(3) After 6 months, applying organic fertilizer after rotary tillage, and carrying out rotary tillage for 2-4 times again;
(4) 7, transplanting paris polyphylla seedlings after 7 months;
(5) And (5) after the seedlings of the paris polyphylla are poured for 10 months, covering the moist soil surface with pine needles.
In the method, the depth of the deep ploughing in the step (1) is 20-30 cm; preferably 22-28 cm; more preferably 24 to 26cm; more preferably 25cm.
In the method, the application amount of the alluvial river sand in the step (1) is 10-15 m 3 Per mu; preferably 11 to 14m 3 Per mu; more preferably 12 to 13m 3 Per mu; more preferably 12.5m 3 Per mu.
In the method, the width of the dead surface in the step (2) is 1.2-1.6 m; preferably 1.3 to 1.5m; more preferably 1.4m.
In the method, the width of the drainage ditch in the step (2) is 0.1-0.3 m; preferably 0.2m.
In the present invention, the organic fertilizer of step (3) comprises: 2800 to 3200 portions of rotten leaf soil, 1800 to 2200 portions of rotten sheep manure and 500 to 700 portions of bio-organic fertilizer; preferably 2900 to 3100 parts of rotten leaf soil, 1900 to 2100 parts of rotten sheep manure and 540 to 660 parts of bio-organic fertilizer; further preferably 3000 parts of rotten leaf soil, 2000 parts of rotten sheep manure and 580-620 parts of bio-organic fertilizer; more preferably 3000 parts of rotten leaf soil, 2000 parts of rotten sheep manure and 600 parts of bio-organic fertilizer.
In the method, the application amount of the organic fertilizer in the step (3) is 5100-6100 kg/mu; preferably 5300-5900 kg/mu; more preferably 5500-5700 kg/mu; more preferably 5600 kg/mu.
In the method, the paris polyphylla seedlings in the step (4) grow for 2 to 4 years; preferably 3 years old.
In the invention, the application amount of the pine hair in the step (5) is 20-30 m 3 Per mu; preferably 22 to 28m 3 Per mu; more preferably 24 to 26m 3 Per mu; more preferably 25m 3 Per mu.
In the method, the plant-row spacing for transplanting the paris polyphylla seedlings in the step (5) is 0.13-0.18 multiplied by 0.1-0.3 m; preferably 0.14 to 0.17X 0.2m; more preferably 0.15 to 0.16X 0.2m; more preferably 0.16X 0.2m.
In the method, 12000-14000 plants are transplanted per mu in the step (5); 13000 strain is preferred.
In the invention, the biological organic fertilizer is as follows: the microbial Shang brand biological organic fertilizer. The microbial agent-Junshang-Hailier, qingdahlieli pharmaceutical industry group, ltd.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
In the following examples, the bio-organic fertilizer is: the microbial Shang brand biological organic fertilizer. The microbial agent-Junshang-Hailier, qingdahlieli pharmaceutical industry group, ltd.
Example 1
A soil improvement method for planting rhizoma paridis Yunnanensis comprises the following steps:
(1) 4 months later, deeply ploughing the soil by 20cm, sunning the soil, ploughing, and spreading the flushable river sand for 10m 3 Carrying out rotary tillage once per mu by using a rotary cultivator, doping sand to improve soil and improving the soil structure;
(2) 5 months, digging waterlogging ditches according to the furrow width of 1.2m and the furrow width of 1.6m, wherein the waterlogging ditches are 0.1m, so as to drain the waterlogging in rainy seasons;
(3) Ploughing and rotary tillage for 6 months, applying an organic fertilizer, and rotary tillage for 2 times again to fully and uniformly mix the three fertilizers with the soil so as to provide organic nutrients for the paris polyphylla;
the organic fertilizer comprises: 2800 parts of rotten leaf soil, 1800 parts of rotten sheep manure and 500 parts of bio-organic fertilizer; the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 5100 kg/mu;
(4) 7 months, after the rainwater falls into the ground, transplanting 2-year-old paris polyphylla seedlings on the improved moisture surface; the row spacing of transplanted plants is 0.18 multiplied by 0.1m, and 12000 plants are transplanted per mu;
(5) After 10 months, the soil moisture surface is uniformly covered with pine needles 20m after the seedlings of the paris polyphylla are poured 3 Each mu plays a role in heat preservation and moisture preservation of soil.
Example 2
A soil improvement method for planting rhizoma paridis Yunnanensis comprises the following steps:
(1) 4 months, deeply ploughing the soil by 30cm, drying upturned soil, ploughing, and spreading 15m of flushable river sand 3 Carrying out rotary tillage once per mu by using a rotary cultivator, doping sand to improve soil and improving the soil structure;
(2) Digging a waterlogging ditch with the width of 1.6m and the width of the waterlogging ditch of 0.3m according to the soil moisture of 1.6m for 5 months so as to drain the waterlogging in rainy seasons;
(3) Ploughing and rotary tillage for 6 months, applying an organic fertilizer, and rotary tillage for 4 times again to fully and uniformly mix the three fertilizers with the soil so as to provide organic nutrients for the paris polyphylla;
the organic fertilizer comprises: 3200 parts of rotten leaf soil, 2200 parts of rotten sheep manure and 700 parts of bio-organic fertilizer; the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 6100 kg/mu;
(4) After the rainwater is planted in the ground for 7 months, transplanting the paris polyphylla seedlings which grow for 4 years on the improved moist soil surface; transplanting the seedlings with row spacing of 0.18 × 0.1m, and transplanting 14000 seedlings per mu;
(5) After 10 months, the soil moisture surface is uniformly covered by pine needles with the thickness of 30m after the seedlings of the paris polyphylla are poured 3 The soil moisture-preserving agent is used for keeping the soil moisture.
Example 3
A soil improvement method for planting rhizoma paridis Yunnanensis comprises the following steps:
(1) 4 months later, deeply ploughing 25cm soil, sunning upturned soil, turning over, spreading flushable river sand 12.5m 3 Carrying out rotary tillage once per mu by using a rotary cultivator, doping sand to improve soil and improving the soil structure;
(2) Digging a waterlogging ditch with the width of 1.4m and the width of the waterlogging ditch being 0.2m according to the soil moisture digging depth of 1.6m for 5 months so as to drain the waterlogging in rainy seasons;
(3) Ploughing and rotary tillage for 6 months, applying an organic fertilizer, and rotary tillage for 3 times again to fully and uniformly mix the three fertilizers with soil so as to provide organic nutrients for the paris polyphylla;
the organic fertilizer comprises: 3000 parts of rotten leaf soil, 2000 parts of rotten sheep manure and 600 parts of bio-organic fertilizer; the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 5600 kg/mu;
(4) After 7 months, transplanting 3-year-old paris polyphylla seedlings on the improved moist soil surface after rainwater falls into the ground; transplanting 13000 plants per mu with the row spacing of 0.16 multiplied by 0.2m;
(5) After 10 months, the soil moisture surface is uniformly covered with pine needles after the seedlings of the paris polyphylla are poured, and the thickness is 25m 3 Each mu plays a role in heat preservation and moisture preservation of soil.
Experimental example 1
Test site: in the base of the Taian biological technology industry limited corporation of Yunan white drug group of Taian county, yulong City, lijiang City, yunnan province, soil improvement test is carried out in 4 months in 2020, the altitude of the test field is 2690 m, the annual average temperature is 11 ℃, and the annual rainfall is 900mm; transplanting specification of rhizoma paridis Yunnanensis 0.15 × 0.2m, and transplanting 15000 plants per mu; the seedling age is 3 years.
The experimental group is the soil improvement method described in embodiment 3 of the invention;
the control group is a traditional soil improvement method: the usage amount of the leaf mold is 25m per mu 3 Per mu.
TABLE 1 Paris polyphylla field growth comparison table
Note: the Yunnan rhizoma paridis needs to be planted for 4-5 years, and the digging time is not yet reached. The difference between the two was compared by field growth. The electronic calipers measure the stem thickness, and the incidence rate mainly investigates the number of plants with stem rot.
As can be seen from the contents recorded in Table 1, the soil improvement method of the invention has better growth effect of the paris polyphylla, obviously superior parameters such as plant height, stem thickness and the like to the traditional soil improvement method, and lower morbidity. Therefore, the soil improvement method of the present invention is more effective.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A soil improvement method for planting rhizoma paridis Yunnanensis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) 4, deeply ploughing the soil, sunning upturned soil, ploughing, scattering accumulated river sand, and rotary tillage;
(2) After 5 months, opening soil moisture and draining a waterlogging ditch;
(3) After 6 months, applying organic fertilizer after rotary tillage, and carrying out rotary tillage for 2-4 times again;
(4) 7, transplanting paris polyphylla seedlings in 7 months;
(5) And (5) after 10 months, covering the moist soil surface with pine needles after seedlings of the paris polyphylla are poured.
2. The soil improvement method for paris polyphylla plantation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the depth of deep ploughing in step (1) is 20-30 cm.
3. The soil improvement method for paris polyphylla planting according to claim 1, wherein the application amount of the alluvial river sand in step (1) is 10-15 m 3 Per mu.
4. The method for improving the soil for the planting of the paris polyphylla as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the moisture surface in the step (2) is 1.2-1.6 m.
5. The soil improvement method for Yunnan manyleaf Paris rhizome planting according to claim 1, characterized in that, the width of the drainage ditch of step (2) is 0.1-0.3 m.
6. The soil improvement method for paris polyphylla planting according to claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer of step (3) comprises: 2800 to 3200 portions of rotten leaf soil, 1800 to 2200 portions of rotten sheep manure and 500 to 700 portions of bio-organic fertilizer.
7. The method for improving the soil for planting paris polyphylla according to claim 1, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer in step (3) is 5100-6100 kg/mu.
8. The soil improvement method for paris polyphylla planting according to claim 1, wherein the paris polyphylla seedlings in step (4) are 2-4 years old.
9. The method for improving the soil for the planting of Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, wherein the application rate of the pine needles in the step (5) is 20-30 m 3 Per mu.
10. The soil improvement method for Yunnan manyleaf Paris rhizome planting according to claim 1, wherein the row spacing of the transplanted seedlings of the Yunnan manyleaf Paris rhizome in the step (5) is 0.13-0.18 x 0.1-0.3 m, and 12000-14000 seedlings are transplanted per mu.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118452013A (en) * | 2024-07-12 | 2024-08-09 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Soil improvement planting method for paris polyphylla |
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| CN102381900A (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2012-03-21 | 沾益县禄源有限责任公司 | Seedling matrix developed by utilizing organic fluvial sand |
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2022
- 2022-12-02 CN CN202211534724.5A patent/CN115918476A/en active Pending
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| CN102381900A (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2012-03-21 | 沾益县禄源有限责任公司 | Seedling matrix developed by utilizing organic fluvial sand |
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Cited By (2)
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