CN115067285A - Method for obtaining platysternon megacephalum breeding harlequin fleahopper harleys by using wild rice stem straws - Google Patents
Method for obtaining platysternon megacephalum breeding harlequin fleahopper harleys by using wild rice stem straws Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of breeding harlequin glorybower bugs, and discloses a method for breeding harlequin glorybower bugs by using wild rice stem straws, wherein S1 waste is pretreated; s2 transformation of environmental insects by laparotomy; s3 breeding natural enemy insects artificially; s4, refrigerating and storing prey, treating cane shoot straws by adopting the larvae of the platysternon megacephalum to pass through abdomen, producing transformed larvae and pupas for breeding the lygus harsii, improving the survival rate and the fertility of the lygus megacephalum, reducing the breeding cost and changing waste into valuable; the insect manure can be directly used for farmland bio-organic fertilizer application, and the additional yield value of breeding is increased. The method is simple to operate, economical, practical, green and environment-friendly, not only can realize harmless treatment and resource utilization of the water bamboo straw waste, but also can reduce the harm of adult stephania cepacia, and the bred harlequin glorybower can be used for multiple purposes such as population propagation or biological characteristic research or field release pest control and the like, and has remarkable ecological, social and economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of breeding of fleahopper crotalarioides, in particular to a method for breeding fleahopper crotalarioides by using wild rice stem straws to obtain a stephania crotalarioides.
Background
The harlequin glochidionis furcellata (Wolff) belongs to Hemiptera Hemiptera, Pintamidoae of the family stinkbug, Aspopinae of the family leonuridae and Eonanthecona of the genus lygus, is widely distributed in south China, has a wide predation range, relates to more than 40 larvae of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Hemiptera and the like, and is an important natural enemy insect of pests of crops such as agriculture, forestry, fruits and tea. Especially has strong predatory capability on lepidoptera pests such as asparagus caterpillar, plutella xylostella, prodenia litura, spodoptera frugiperda, tea geometrid and the like, and has good popularization prospect and application potential. At present, the artificial feed for the scale breeding of the lygus furcatus has higher cost and lower yield and survival rate, so that the tenebrio molitor is mostly used as a prey for feeding.
Zizania latifolia is a perennial shallow water gramineae and is planted in large areas in Anhui, Zhejiang and the like in China. It is rich in saccharide, organic nitrogen, fat, protein, cellulose and amino acid, and may be used as food and dish for human being and as feed for culture and processing. According to investigation, the waste yield of the wild rice shoots accounts for 50-70% of the total mass of the wild rice shoots, and about 5000kg of straws can be produced in each mu of the wild rice shoot field. Because the biomass of the wild rice stem straws is large, serious environmental pollution and resource waste can be caused by random abandonment or incineration, and the risk of diseases and insect pests of next-stubble crops can be increased by the conventional treatment mode such as direct returning to the field; the high-temperature composting process flow is complex and the comprehensive utilization efficiency is low. Therefore, the exploration of a method for harmless treatment and resource utilization of the wild rice stem straw is an urgent problem to be solved.
The Chrysomya megacephala Protaetia brevitarsis (Lewis) belongs to Coleoptera, Ceroniidae, and soil-dwelling insects. The larvae have the characteristics of high feeding capacity, high conversion speed and the like, can well convert agricultural organic wastes such as corn straws, edible fungus chaff, apple orchard wastes and the like, and the insect manure converted by passing the abdomen of the larvae has good granular structure characteristics and can be directly used as a farmland organic fertilizer for application. The protein content of larvae and pupae of the platysternon leucocephalus is high, the larvae and pupae of the platysternon leucocephalus contain various vitamins, mineral substances and trace elements, and the nutritional requirements of different development stages of the lygus leucocephalus can be met, so that the platysternon leucocephalus can be used as a good host for artificial breeding of the lygus leucocephalus instead of the yellow mealworms.
The method adopts the water bamboo straw waste eaten by the giant salamander, the converted larva or pupa is used as the breeding feed of the lygus pratensis, and the insect manure is used as the bio-organic fertilizer. The method provides a new idea for resource utilization of the water bamboo straw waste, can reduce the harm of the adult of the giant salamander, improves the survival rate and the fertility of the beneficial natural enemy, namely the lygus pratensis, can be used for multiple purposes such as population propagation or biological characteristic research or field release pest control, and has obvious ecological, social and economic benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for obtaining a water bamboo straw to breed the water flea-shaped beetle by using the water bamboo straw.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for breeding harlequin glorybower herb and fleahopper furiosus by utilizing cane shoot straws,
s1 waste pretreatment: crushing harvested cane shoot straws uniformly by using a small crusher;
s2 environmental insect transformation through abdomen: inoculating the larvae of the platysternon megacephalum into a conversion treatment container, feeding the larvae of the platysternon megacephalum by using crushed straws in S1 according to the insect-material ratio of 1: 8-10 (mass ratio), treating for 30-50 days, using the insect feces as a biological organic fertilizer, and using the larvae and pupae for artificial breeding;
s3 natural enemy insects are artificially bred: in the culture device, a certain proportion of the scarab platyphylla pupae or larva harvested in S2 is placed every day to feed the lygus pronatus, and meanwhile, water sources are supplemented. 1-2 instar nymphs: 1 worm pupa is thrown in every 5-10 heads; nymphs at 3-5 years: 1 larva is thrown in every 3-5 heads; adult: 1-2 larvae are thrown in every 1 head until spawning; collecting eggs by using a folded paper sheet;
s4 refrigerated preservation of prey: and (5) refrigerating the redundant scarab beetle larvae and pupae in the S3 in a low-temperature environment for storage.
Preferably, the S1 zizania latifolia straws are crushed to be 0.5-2cm in length.
Preferably, the S2 environment condition is 25-30 ℃, the humidity is 70% +/-10%, and the light is dark and dark.
Preferably, the S2 transformation processing container is a plastic box (with the length of 150-100 cm, the width of 80-100cm and the height of 60-80cm), wherein the soil is covered by 20-30cm, the water is added to adjust the humidity to 10-20%, and the crushed straws are uniformly laid on the surface of the soil.
Preferably, the larvae of the S2 Chrysomya megacephala are 2-3 instars and inoculated according to 2-4kg/m 2.
Preferably, the S2 is used for separating and collecting the insect manure through a 30-45-mesh screen.
Preferably, the temperature of the artificial climate box is adjusted to be 25-30 ℃ by S3, the humidity is 70% + -10%, the photoperiod is 14L:10D (L is Light in the bright period and D is Dark in the Dark period), and the illumination intensity is 30000-40000 Lux.
Preferably, the S3 breeding device is an 80-mesh nylon net cage with a zipper and an operation opening (the length is 50-60cm, the width is 30-40cm and the height is 20-30cm), adults and nymphs are separately bred, and the nymphs with the same age are bred together.
Preferably, said S3 is to be fed by selecting pupae or 3 rd instar larvae which have just entered the eclosion state; and S3, placing the absorbent cotton balls after water absorption into the nylon net cage to supplement water source.
Preferably, the refrigeration preservation temperature of S4 is 4-8 ℃, the preservation humidity is 50% +/-10%, and the preservation time is not longer than 30 days.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for obtaining the giant salamander breeding harlequin glorybower bugs by using wild rice stem straws, which has the following beneficial effects:
the zizania latifolia straws are treated by adopting the larvae of the staurochafer to pass through the abdomen, and the transformed larvae and pupae are produced and used for breeding the lygus punctatus, so that the survival rate and the fertility of the lygus punctatus are improved, the breeding cost is reduced, and waste is changed into valuable; the insect manure can be directly used for farmland bio-organic fertilizer application, and the additional yield value of breeding is increased. The method is simple to operate, economical, practical, green and environment-friendly, not only can realize harmless treatment and resource utilization of the water bamboo straw waste, but also can reduce the harm of adult stephania cepacia, and the bred harlequin glorybower can be used for multiple purposes such as population propagation or biological characteristic research or field release pest control and the like, and has remarkable ecological, social and economic benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for breeding fleahopper crotalarioides by using zizania latifolia straws;
FIG. 2 is a table chart of the effect of feeding the pupa platysternifolia on the growth and development of nymphs of harlequin glorybower bugs according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a table chart of the effect of feeding the chrysoideus leucisculis pupae on the physiological parameters of the adult lygus deltoides and the hatching rate of offspring eggs.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to figures 1-2 of the drawings,
example 1
Crushing harvested cane shoot straws to enable the length of the harvested cane shoot straws to reach 0.5-1cm, covering soil of 20-30cm in a plastic box (with the length of 150-cm, the width of 80-100cm and the height of 60-80cm) with 20-30cm, adding water to adjust the humidity to 10-20%, inoculating 3-year-old larvae of the platysternon megacephalum according to 2-4kg/m2, uniformly spreading the crushed straws on the surface of soil (the insect-material ratio is 1:8), controlling the environmental conditions to be 25-30 ℃, controlling the humidity to be 70 +/-10%, keeping dark and avoiding light, separating the larvae and insect feces by adopting a 30-45-mesh screen after conversion treatment for 30 days, using the obtained insect feces as a biological organic fertilizer, and using the larvae and pupas for artificial breeding.
Culturing Degussa acutangula (length 50-60cm, width 30-40cm, height 20-30cm) with 80 mesh nylon net cage with zipper and operation port, and adding absorbent cotton ball to supplement water source. Adjusting the temperature of the artificial climate box to be 25-30 ℃, the humidity to be 70% +/-10%, the illumination to be 14L:10D, and the illumination intensity to be 30000-. Selecting pupa of Chrysomyiame septempunctata or larva at 3 instar of initial stage, feeding at a certain ratio, 1-2 instar: 1 pupa is thrown into every 5 nymphs; 3-5 years old: 1 larva is thrown into every 3 nymphs; adult: 2 larvae are thrown in every 1 head until spawning. Fresh pupa and larva are supplemented every day, the absorbent cotton balls are replaced, adult and nymphs of the harlequin fleshy bugs are separately raised, the nymphs with the same age are raised together, and eggs are collected by adopting folded paper sheets. And (3) preserving the redundant larvae and pupae of the scarabaeus platyphylla for less than 30 days at the temperature of 4-8 ℃ and the humidity of 50 +/-10%.
Example 2
Crushing harvested cane shoot straws to enable the length of the harvested cane shoot straws to reach 1-2cm, covering 20-30cm of soil in a plastic box (with the length of 150-200cm, the width of 80-100cm and the height of 60-80cm), adding water to adjust the humidity to 10-20%, inoculating 2-year-old larvae of the platysternon megacephalum according to 2-4kg/m2, uniformly paving the crushed straws on the surface of soil (with the insect-material ratio of 1:10), controlling the environmental condition to be 25-30 ℃ and the humidity to be 70% +/-10%, keeping dark and avoiding light, separating the larvae and insect feces by adopting a 30-45-mesh screen after conversion treatment for 50 days, using the obtained insect feces as a biological organic fertilizer, and using the larvae and pupas for artificial breeding.
Culturing Degussa acutangula (length 50-60cm, width 30-40cm, height 20-30cm) with 80 mesh nylon net cage with zipper and operation port, and adding absorbent cotton ball to supplement water source. Adjusting the temperature of the artificial climate box to be 25-30 ℃, the humidity to be 70% +/-10%, the illumination to be 14L:10D, and the illumination intensity to be 30000-. Selecting pupa of Chrysomyiame septempunctata or larva at 3 instar of initial stage, feeding at a certain ratio, 1-2 instar: 1 pupa is thrown into every 10 nymphs; 3-5 years old: 1 larva is thrown in every 5 heads; adult: 1 larva is thrown in every 1 head until spawning. Fresh pupas and larvae are supplemented every day, water-absorbing cotton balls are replaced, adult fleshy bugs and nymphs are separately raised, the nymphs with the same age are raised together, and eggs are collected by adopting folding paper sheets. And (3) preserving the redundant larvae and pupae of the scarabaeus platyphylla for less than 30 days at the temperature of 4-8 ℃ and the humidity of 50 +/-10%.
Comparative example 1 (Artificial feed)
Reference is made to application patent 201810311825.3, which is a slightly modified artificial feed formulation for lygus harris. The artificial feed formula comprises 30 parts by weight of maggot powder, 10 parts by weight of egg yolk, 8 parts by weight of honey, 5 parts by weight of royal jelly, 3 parts by weight of yeast powder, 10 parts by volume of fresh milk and 5 parts by volume of vegetable juice (the ratio of 1 part by weight to 1 part by volume is 1 g/mL). And (3) placing the mixture in a magnetic stirrer, stirring for 20-30 min at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ to uniformly mix, and naturally cooling to obtain the artificial feed. Culturing Degussa acutangula (length 50-60cm, width 30-40cm, height 20-30cm) with 80 mesh nylon net cage with zipper and operation port, and adding absorbent cotton ball to supplement water source. Adjusting the temperature of the artificial climate box to be 25-30 ℃, the humidity to be 70% +/-10%, the illumination to be 14L:10D and the illumination intensity to be 30000-. Fresh feed is supplemented every day, the absorbent cotton balls are replaced, the adult fleshy bugs and nymphs are separately raised, the nymphs with the same age are raised together, and eggs are collected by adopting folded paper sheets.
Comparative example 2 (Tenebrio molitor)
Culturing Degussa acutangula (length 50-60cm, width 30-40cm, height 20-30cm) with 80 mesh nylon net cage with zipper and operation port, and adding absorbent cotton ball to supplement water source. Adjusting the temperature of the artificial climate box to be 25-30 ℃, the humidity to be 70% +/-10%, the illumination to be 14L:10D, and the illumination intensity to be 30000-. Selecting fresh living tenebrio molitor pupae or larvae of 2-4 years old according to a certain proportion for feeding, wherein the feeding is carried out for 1-2 years old: 1 pupa is thrown into every 5 nymphs; 3-5 years old: 1 larva is thrown into every 3 nymphs; adult: 2 larvae are thrown in every 1 head until spawning. Fresh pupas and larvae are supplemented every day, water-absorbing cotton balls are replaced, adult fleshy bugs and nymphs are separately raised, the nymphs with the same age are raised together, and eggs are collected by adopting folding paper sheets.
4 groups of harris baccarum were fed with 3 replicates each of 200 replicates using the feed formulations and methods of example 1, example 2, control 1 and control 2, respectively. After the test is finished, 50 heads are randomly selected for each repetition, and the physiological parameter differences of nymphs and adults after eating different food materials are statistically analyzed. The data are shown below in FIGS. 2-3.
The data in FIGS. 2-3 are mean. + -. standard error, and the difference between different lower case representations for the same column of data was significant by ANOVA one-way analysis of variance and Turkey's multiple comparisons, with p < 0.05.
From the results in the table, it can be seen that compared with artificial feed, the survival rate of nymphs, the adult weight, the female life, the egg laying amount and the egg hatching rate in example 1 are all significantly improved, and the pre-egg-laying period and the overall nymph development period are significantly shortened. The difference between the example 1 and the yellow mealworm control group is not large, so that the yellow mealworm pupae can be completely replaced to feed harlequin bugs, and the normal growth and development of nymphs and adults of the yellow mealworm pupae are ensured. Compared with the example 2, the service life and the egg laying amount of the female insects are obviously improved, and the development period and the egg laying period of the nymphs are obviously shortened in the example 1, so that the better effect can be obtained by feeding the nymphs and the adults according to the example 1 in practical application.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method for obtaining a platysternon leucocephala breeding harlequin plant bugs by using wild rice stem straws is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 waste pretreatment: crushing harvested cane shoot straws uniformly by using a small crusher;
s2 environmental insect transformation through abdomen: inoculating the larvae of the platysternon megacephalum into a conversion treatment container, feeding the larvae of the platysternon megacephalum by using crushed straws in S1 according to the insect-material ratio of 1: 8-10 (mass ratio), treating for 30-50 days, using the insect feces as a biological organic fertilizer, and using the larvae and pupae for artificial breeding;
s3 artificial breeding of natural enemy insects: in the culture device, a certain proportion of the scarab beetle pupae or larva harvested in S2 is placed every day to feed harlequin bugs, and meanwhile, water sources are supplemented. 1-2 instar nymphs: 1 worm pupa is thrown in every 5-10 heads; nymphs at 3-5 years: 1 larva is thrown in every 3-5 heads; adult: 1-2 larvae are thrown in every 1 head until spawning; collecting eggs by using a folded paper sheet;
s4 refrigerating and preserving prey: and (5) refrigerating the redundant scarab beetle larvae and pupae in the S3 in a low-temperature environment for storage.
2. The method for obtaining the golden star turtle breeding harlequin fleahopper utilizing the wild rice stem straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the S1 zizania latifolia straws are crushed to be 0.5-2cm in length.
3. The method for obtaining the golden star turtle breeding harlequin fleahopper utilizing the wild rice stem straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the environmental condition of S2 is 25-30 ℃, the humidity is 70% +/-10%, and the color is dark and light-resistant.
4. The method for obtaining the golden star turtle breeding harlequin fleahopper utilizing the wild rice stem straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the S2 transformation processing container is a plastic box (with the length of 150-100 cm, the width of 80-100cm and the height of 60-80cm), wherein 20-30cm of soil is covered, water is added to adjust the humidity to 10-20%, and the crushed straws are uniformly laid on the surface of the soil.
5. The method for obtaining the golden star turtle breeding harlequin fleahopper utilizing the wild rice stem straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the larvae of the S2 Chrysomya megacephala are 2-3 instars and are inoculated according to the weight of 2-4kg/m 2.
6. The method for obtaining the golden star turtle breeding harlequin fleahopper utilizing the wild rice stem straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: s2 is separated and collected by a 30-45-mesh screen.
7. The method for obtaining the golden star turtle breeding harlequin fleahopper utilizing the wild rice stem straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the S3 adjusts the temperature of the artificial climate box to be 25-30 ℃, the humidity to be 70% + -10%, the photoperiod 14L:10D (L is Light in the bright period and D is Dark in the Dark period), and the illumination intensity is 30000- > 40000 Lux.
8. The method for obtaining the golden star turtle breeding harlequin fleahopper utilizing the wild rice stem straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the S3 breeding device is an 80-mesh nylon net cage with a zipper and an operation opening (the length is 50-60cm, the width is 30-40cm and the height is 20-30cm), adults and nymphs are separately bred, and the nymphs with the same age are bred together.
9. The method for obtaining the golden star turtle breeding harlequin fleahopper utilizing the wild rice stem straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: s3, selecting pupa or 3-year-old larva which just enters eclosion state to feed; and S3, placing the absorbent cotton balls after water absorption into the nylon net cage to supplement water source.
10. The method for obtaining the golden star turtle breeding harlequin fleahopper utilizing the wild rice stem straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the refrigeration preservation temperature of S4 is 4-8 ℃, the preservation humidity is 50% +/-10%, and the preservation time is not longer than 30 days.
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