CN104798734B - Method for feeding predatory coenosia larvae indoors - Google Patents
Method for feeding predatory coenosia larvae indoors Download PDFInfo
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- CN104798734B CN104798734B CN201510256478.5A CN201510256478A CN104798734B CN 104798734 B CN104798734 B CN 104798734B CN 201510256478 A CN201510256478 A CN 201510256478A CN 104798734 B CN104798734 B CN 104798734B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 241000938149 Coenosia Species 0.000 title abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 turf Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 241001157791 Mycetophilus sp. HMR-1993 Species 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001494113 Bradysia Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000613693 Bradysia odoriphaga Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000018716 Impatiens biflora Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 241001157808 Mycetophilidae Species 0.000 abstract 2
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- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 22
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- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 11
- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 241000737241 Cocos Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000581991 Coenosiinae Species 0.000 description 3
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000019617 pupation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
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- 230000015689 metaplastic ossification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001414720 Cicadellidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001080332 Coenosia attenuata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000954751 Coenosiini Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000256113 Culicidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000179736 Cyclorrhapha Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000594033 Liriomyza bryoniae Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000103635 Lyophyllum ulmarium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a culture medium and method for feeding predatory coenosia larvae indoors. The culture medium is formed by adding water in one of the following components or adding water in the mixture of many of the following components which are mixed according to a random proportion: coconut chaff, peat, turf, vermiculite, mushroom residues and wood chips, wherein the amount of the added water is in a standard that no flowing water exists in the culture medium. The method for feeding the predatory coenosia larvae indoors comprises the following steps: 1) placing newly hatched larvae of predatory coenosia in a culture vessel, and adding the culture medium in the culture vessel according to the proportion that each newly hatched larva of the predatory coenosia requires 0.5-2 cubic centimeters of the culture medium; 2) feeding the newly hatched larvae under the temperature of 23-27 DEG C and 65-75% of relative humidity, feeding each coenosia larva of 1-3 days with 3-9 larvae of fungus gnats of 1-3 days every day, and feeding each coenosia larva of 4 days with 3-9 larvae of fungus gnats of 2-4 days every day. The method disclosed by the invention is simple, is wide in raw material source, and is low in production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of insect feeding, and in particular to the culture matrix of the dirty fly larvae indoor feeding of predatism and
Method.
Background technology
The a large amount of of chemical insecticide use that brought pest resistance to insecticide strengthen, increasing environmental pollution, agricultural product agriculture is residual surpasses
A series of problems, such as mark, person poultry poisoning's event take place frequently increasingly highlights.Biological control of insect pests is greatly developed, green, organic, peace is produced
Full agricultural product, walking the strategy of sustainable development becomes more important and urgent.Predatory natural enemy insect refers to specially with other elder brothers
Worm or animal are the insect of food, and this kind of natural enemy insect directly nibbles part or all of polypide；Or be pierced into pest body
Sucking insect body fluid makes it dead.It is me that large-scale production natural enemy insect is used to prevent and treat all kinds of great, important and quarantine pests
An indispensable part in the Department of Science and Technology of state " chemical fertilizer agricultural chemicals subtract apply synergy complex art Research Emphasis special ", be also
China's agricultural adheres to walking an important measure of sustainable development route.Carrying out biological control to insect using natural enemy insect has
Following advantage：(1) environmental pollution is small, safe；(2) pest controlling lasting effect is strong；(3) prevention effect to insect is better than chemistry
Agricultural chemicals；(4) low cost.Research and development natural enemy insect scale production process, it is to promote biological control of insect pests quick to optimize all kinds of parameters
One major issue of development.At present, a main cause of restriction natural enemy insect widespread adoption is exactly the life of natural enemy insect
Produce high expensive.Therefore, set about from optimization natural enemy insect production technology, it is to promote biological control of insect pests sane to reduce production cost
And an important measure of fast development.
Hui Ying races (Coenosiini) are under the jurisdiction of Diptera (Diptera) Aristocera (Cyclorrhapha) Nuscidae
(Muscidae) Coenosiinae (Coenosiinae) in, is a larger monoid in Coenosiinae, is also more specialization
Monoid.The inner dirty fly of most species of Assembly Hall (Coenosia) in Hui Ying races is predatory natural enemy insect, thin and weak dirty fly
(Coenosia attenuata) is one kind therein.Thin and weak dirty fly originates from Continental Europe, at present in global many countries
All it is distributed with area.Thin and weak dirty fly is a kind of excellent natural enemy insect resource, with lot of advantages：(1) predation scope is wide, thin
Weak dirty fly larvae can prey on fungus gnat and ephydrid larva, and adult can prey on the adult of the insects such as aleyrodid, liriomyza bryoniae, leafhopper, fungus gnat
And alatae, omnibearing stereo prevention and control can be carried out to ground and subterranean pest-insect；(2) the resistance to hungry ability of larva is strong, in deprivation of food
Under conditions of can still survive more than 20 days；(3) prey ability is strong, can also be killed prey when not hungry；(4) adult high temperature resistant, 36
DEG C when can still prey on, be particluarly suitable for sunlight indoor application.Because its moral character is very excellent, obtain at present in the world very
The concern of many biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion scholars.Current foreign countries have carried out thin and weak dirty fly scale and have released on greenhouse vegetable, flowers and cotton field and other places
Put and apply, various pests are all achieved with good preventive effect.
Thin and weak dirty fly larvae take food requirement it is higher, only fungus gnat larva can be carried out scale feeding as prey at present
Support.The method for breeding that (2010) such as U.S. Todd Ugine are carried out on Agar substrate finds that larvae development goes through that the phase is more long, adult
Individual smaller, adult eclosion rate is relatively low, pair can support that the minimum prey quantitative requirement that thin and weak dirty fly larvae is pupated is higher.But it is dirty
The relevant parameters such as BPH density, optimal prey state that fly larvae is raised in the matrix that can dive into there is no people to report at present
Road.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of raw material is wide, larvae development goes through that the phase is short, cost
The culture matrix and method of the dirty fly larvae indoor feeding of predatism low, that adult eclosion rate is high.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme of its purpose is：
A kind of culture matrix of the dirty fly larvae indoor feeding of predatism, by coconut palm chaff, peat, turf, vermiculite, mushroom slag or wood chip
In one kind add water form or it is various mixed with arbitrary proportion after add water and form, the amount for being added water with culture matrix without circulating water
It is defined.
A kind of method of the dirty fly larvae indoor feeding of predatism, comprises the following steps：
1) the dirty fly newly hatched larvae of predatism is put into culture vessel, the ratio of the culture matrix occupied according to single head larva
To described culture matrix is added in container, the usage amount of the culture matrix is every dirty fly newly hatched larvae 0.5 of predatism to example
~2 cubic centimetres of culture matrixes；
2) by step 1) in the dirty fly newly hatched larvae of predatism at 23~27 DEG C, enter under conditions of 65~75% relative humidity
Row is raised, and the daily every dirty fly larvae of the dirty fly larvae of 1~3 age in days feeds the fungus gnat larva in 3~9 first 1~3 ages, 4 ages in days~pupa time
Dirty fly larvae every dirty fly larvae feeds the fungus gnat larva in 3~9 first 2~4 ages daily.
The fungus gnat larva be Bradysia odoriphaga, different Bradysia fungus gnat, balsamine Bradysia fungus gnat or excrement eye fungus gnat in appoint
Anticipate a kind of larva of fungus gnat.
The dirty fly species is thin and weak dirty fly.
Preferably, the step 1) in culture matrix usage amount be every dirty fly newly hatched larvae 0.5 of predatism~
1.5 cubic centimetres of culture matrixes.
Preferably, the step 2) in the every dirty fly larvae feeding 5~7 first 1~3 daily of the dirty fly larvae of 1~3 age in days
The fungus gnat larva in age, the daily every dirty fly larvae of dirty fly larvae in 4 ages in days~pupa time feeds the fungus gnat larva in 5~7 first 3~4 ages.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Method for breeding provided by the present invention is applied to raises the dirty fly of predatory natural enemy insect
Class insect, is particularly suitable for the raising of thin and weak dirty each age of fly larvae.Relative to current foreign countries use in agar medium
The method that dirty fly larvae is raised in matter, the inventive method has advantages below：
1) the dirty fly adult of equal number is obtained, the fungus gnat children that dirty fly larvae is fed is raised using method for breeding of the present invention
The fungus gnat larva quantity of live box in agar medium matter is few than foreign countries for worm, reduces the cost of large-scale breeding.
2) the dirty fly larvae development duration that the inventive method is raised is younger than the dirty fly that foreign countries raise in agar medium matter
Worm development duration shortens 2-4 days, and less, total development duration shortens pupa time difference.
3) the inventive method obtains into the polypide increase 10-13% than external report long, adult quality better, beneficial to adult
Sprout wings.
4) the adult eclosion rate that the inventive method is obtained is higher by 10-15% than external report, and yield is high.
Method for breeding of the invention is simple, and raw material sources are wide, easily purchase, and less investment, low production cost are suitable in scale
Popularization and application in metaplasia product industry.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not thereby limiting the invention.
Experimental technique in following embodiments, unless otherwise instructed, is conventional method.
According to culture matrix of the present invention and method, the indoor feeding of the thin and weak dirty fly larvae of example 1~5 is carried out
Support, breeding grub quantity is each embodiment 80.Coconut palm chaff, peat, turf, vermiculite, mushroom slag described in the inventive method are (i.e.
Mushroom residue, abbreviation mushroom slag is called mushroom bran, bacteria residue, mushroom slag etc., refers to remaining solid waste after the various edible mushrooms of cultivation) or
Wood chip is commercially available conventional products.Thin and weak dirty fly worm's ovum in embodiment 1~5 is provided by Tianjin Plant Protection Institute, gill fungus
Mosquito larvae is raised according to the method for Todd Ugine etc. (2010) and obtained, and fungus gnat worm's ovum is carried by Tianjin Plant Protection Institute
For.
Thin and weak dirty fly newly hatched larvae is obtained as follows：
Thin and weak dirty fly worm's ovum is collected in culture dish (25 ± 2 DEG C, 16 on wet filter paper:8(L:D), 70 ± 5%RH) training
Support, the thin and weak dirty fly newly hatched larvae after being hatched.
Specific method for breeding is operated in accordance with the following steps：
1) with writing brush by hatching after thin and weak dirty fly newly hatched larvae be transferred in the hole of 24 porocyte culture plates, per 2, hole
Larva, to adding culture matrix in cultivation plate hole, the ratio of the culture matrix occupied according to single head newly hatched larvae in hole to adding
Plus culture matrix.Described culture matrix is added water by the one kind in coconut palm chaff, peat, turf, vermiculite, mushroom slag or wood chip and formed or many
Plant to be added water after mixing with arbitrary proportion and form, the amount for being added water is defined in culture matrix without circulating water.
2) by step 1) in culture plate close the lid after be put into growth cabinet, at 23~27 DEG C, 65~75% is relatively wet
Degree, Light To Dark Ratio 14~16：Raised under conditions of 8~10 until emergence of pupating, the thin and weak dirty fly obtained after emergence can use
In Field Pests biological control.In feeding process feed fungus gnat instar larvae and quantity as described in embodiment 1~5, daily
Culture plate lid is opened during feeding fungus gnat larva, lid is covered after input fungus gnat larva is put into growth cabinet.
Embodiment 1,
The method for breeding of the present embodiment, culture matrix by following volume parts than raw material be made：2 parts of coconut palm chaff；Peat 1
Part.Culture matrix adds water and stirs, moist both without outflow moisture.Thin and weak dirty fly larvae and its prey fungus gnat larva live
In in culture matrix.The culture matrix that every thin and weak dirty fly larvae is occupied is 0.5 cubic centimetre.The thin and weak dirty fly children of 1~3 age in days
Worm, daily every thin and weak dirty fly larvae feeds 3 first 3 age fungus gnat larvas；4 ages in days~pupa time, daily every thin and weak dirty fly larvae feeding
Feed 5 first 4 age fungus gnat larvas.
Embodiment 2,
The method for breeding of the present embodiment, culture matrix by following volume parts than raw material be made：1 part of peat；Mushroom slag 3
Part；2 parts of wood chip.Culture matrix adds water and stirs, moist both without outflow moisture.Thin and weak dirty fly larvae and its prey fungus gnat children
Worm is moved in culture matrix.The culture matrix that every thin and weak dirty fly larvae is occupied is 2 cubic centimetres.1~3 age in days is thin and weak dirty
Fly larvae, daily every thin and weak dirty fly larvae feeds 5 first 2 age fungus gnat larvas；4 ages in days~pupa time, every thin and weak dirty fly is young daily
Worm feeds 7 first 3 age fungus gnat larvas.
Embodiment 3,
The method for breeding of the present embodiment, culture matrix by following volume parts than raw material be made：1 part of turf；Vermiculite 7
Part；5 parts of mushroom slag；3 parts of wood chip.Culture matrix adds water and stirs, moist both without outflow moisture.Thin and weak dirty fly larvae and its hunt
Fungus gnat larva moves in culture matrix thing.The culture matrix that every thin and weak dirty fly larvae is occupied is 1.5 cubic centimetres.1~3
The thin and weak dirty fly larvae of age in days, daily every thin and weak dirty fly larvae feeds 7 first 3 age fungus gnat larvas；4 ages in days~pupa time, daily every head
Thin and weak dirty fly larvae feeds 9 first 2 age fungus gnat larvas.
Embodiment 4,
The method for breeding of the present embodiment, culture matrix by following volume parts than raw material be made：1 part of coconut palm chaff；Peat 1
Part；1 part of turf；1 part of vermiculite；1 part of mushroom slag；1 part of wood chip.
Culture matrix adds water and stirs, moist both without outflow moisture.Thin and weak dirty fly larvae and its prey fungus gnat larva
Move in culture matrix.The culture matrix that every thin and weak dirty fly larvae is occupied is 1 cubic centimetre.The thin and weak dirty fly of 1~3 age in days
Larva, daily every thin and weak dirty fly larvae feeds 9 first 1 age fungus gnat larvas；4 ages in days~pupa time, daily every thin and weak dirty fly larvae
3 first 4 age fungus gnat larvas of feeding.
Embodiment 5,
The method for breeding of the present embodiment, culture matrix by following volume parts than raw material be made：1 part of coconut palm chaff；Peat 1
Part.Culture matrix adds water and stirs, moist both without outflow moisture.Thin and weak dirty fly larvae and its prey fungus gnat larva live
In in culture matrix.The culture matrix that every thin and weak dirty fly larvae is occupied is 1 cubic centimetre.The thin and weak dirty fly larvae of 1~3 age in days,
Every thin and weak dirty fly larvae feeds 7 first 2 age fungus gnat larvas daily；4 ages in days~pupa time, daily every thin and weak dirty fly larvae feeding 7
First 3 age fungus gnat larva.
It is thin and weak dirty fly larvae development duration, pupa time, larva to the total development duration of adult in embodiment 1~5, thin and weak
Dirty fly pupa is long, into polypide is long, thin and weak dirty fly larvae survival rate, percentage of pupation and adult eclosion rate carry out statistical analysis, analysis result
As shown in table 1,2,3.
The thin and weak dirty fly larvae development duration of the different method for breeding of table 1. (my god), pupa time (my god) and larva always developed to adult and gone through
Phase (my god) analysis result (Mean ± SE)
Thin and weak dirty fly pupa (mm) long that the different method for breeding of table 2. are obtained and into polypide (mm) long (Mean ± SE)
Thin and weak dirty fly larvae survival rate (%), percentage of pupation (%) and adult eclosion rate that the different method for breeding of table 3. are obtained
(%)
Result in table 1-3 shows that the thin and weak dirty fly adult of acquisition equal number raises thin and weak with method for breeding of the present invention
Prey quantity used by dirty fly larvae is fewer using prey quantity used by the method raised in agar medium matter than external at present,
And minimum prey quantity needed for supporting thin and weak dirty fly to pupate is reduced, and reduces the cost of large-scale breeding.Raising in embodiment 1-5
The thin and weak dirty fly larvae development that the thin and weak dirty fly larvae development duration that method is raised is raised than foreign countries in agar medium matter is gone through
Phase shortens 2-4 days, and less, total development duration shortens pupa time difference, the increase 10- into the polypide external report of ratio long for being obtained
13%, adult quality better, beneficial to adult eclosion.The feeding effect of embodiment 5 preferably, is deposited with the method for breeding of embodiment 5 gained larva
Motility rate and percentage of pupation are close with external report, but adult eclosion rate is higher by 10-15% than external report, and yield is high.
Method for breeding of the invention is simple, and raw material sources are wide, easily purchase, and less investment, low production cost are suitable in scale
Popularization and application in metaplasia product industry, in biological control of insect pests, produce green, organic, safe agricultural product, walk sustainable development war
There is important application prospect in slightly.
Claims (5)
1. the method for the dirty fly larvae indoor feeding of a kind of predatism, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
1）The dirty fly newly hatched larvae of predatism is put into culture vessel, the ratio of the culture matrix occupied according to single head larva to
Culture matrix is added in container, the usage amount of the culture matrix is every dirty 0.5~2 cube li of fly newly hatched larvae of predatism
Rice, culture matrix is added water by the one kind in coconut palm chaff, peat, turf, vermiculite, mushroom slag or wood chip and forms or various mixed with arbitrary proportion
Added water after conjunction and formed, the amount for being added water is defined in culture matrix without circulating water；
2）By step 1）In the dirty fly newly hatched larvae of predatism at 23~27 DEG C, raised under conditions of 65~75% relative humidity
Support, every dirty fly larvae feeds the fungus gnat larva in 3~9 first 1~3 ages to the dirty fly larvae of 1~3 age in days daily, 4 ages in days~pupa time it is dirty
The daily every dirty fly larvae of fly larvae feeds the fungus gnat larva in 3~9 first 2~4 ages.
2. the method for the dirty fly larvae indoor feeding of predatism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fungus gnat larva is
The larva of any one fungus gnat in Bradysia odoriphaga, different Bradysia fungus gnat, balsamine Bradysia fungus gnat or excrement eye fungus gnat.
3. the method for the dirty fly larvae indoor feeding of predatism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The dirty fly species is
Thin and weak dirty fly.
4. the method for the dirty fly larvae indoor feeding of predatism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 1）Middle training
The usage amount for supporting matrix is every dirty 0.5~1.5 cubic centimetre of culture matrix of fly newly hatched larvae of predatism.
5. the method for the dirty fly larvae indoor feeding of predatism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 2）In 1
The daily every dirty fly larvae of the dirty fly larvae of~3 ages in days feeds the fungus gnat larva in 5~7 first 1~3 ages, the dirty fly children in 4 ages in days~pupa time
The daily every dirty fly larvae of worm feeds the fungus gnat larva in 5~7 first 3~4 ages.
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| CN105165735B (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2018-05-04 | 张燎源 | A kind of pillworm cultivation base and the cultivation matrix manufacturing method |
| CN105210992B (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-10-26 | 四川农业大学 | Fertile soil substitute production method in bat moth breeding process |
| CN107182943B (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2019-09-27 | 北京市植物保护站 | A kind of method of interior mass rearing Bradysia fungus gnat |
| CN108477076A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-09-04 | 安发（福建）生物科技有限公司 | Breeding substrate suitable for 3-year-old or more bat moth larvae and breeding method |
| CN108990909B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2020-05-15 | 华南农业大学 | Method for trapping bradysia odoriphaga live insects and feeding bradysia odoriphaga live insects indoors in large quantities |
| CN109041974B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2021-02-09 | 天津市农业科学院 | Releasing and applying method of predatory natural enemy insect filthy fly imagoes |
| CN110710497B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2021-11-05 | 天津市农业科学院 | Method for feeding predatory filthy flies by using substitute prey |
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