CN114950917A - 一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺，包括以下步骤：步骤一、轮毂表面预处理，将热处理后的轮毂粗坯进行机加工，并留有一定的余量；步骤二、粗磨，通过低速砂轮机对轮毂的表面进行粗磨；步骤三、喷底漆；步骤四、精磨，通过高速砂轮机对轮毂的表面进行精磨；步骤五、喷色漆，根据所需的不同颜色调配好色漆，再按涂装条件在轮毂上喷涂上一层漆；本发明通过将预处理后的轮毂进行精细的研磨后再喷覆色漆与照光粉，经过脱脂后最终进行电泳上漆，从而使轮毂的色彩分界面清晰，从而避免了其交界面位置容易产生色差的致命外观质量缺陷，进而避免了对其二次加工的问题发生，从而提高了轮毂的合格率，降低了生产成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及铝合金轮毂喷涂技术领域，尤其涉及一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺。
背景技术
轮毂作为汽车上的一个重要部件，不仅承载着汽车的重量和行驶安全的功能还具有美化车体和彰显个性化的功能，随着铝合金轮毂在汽车.上应用的日趋广泛人们对铝合金轮毂的要求也在不断提高不但要求其具有较高的机械性能还要求有优良的外观和抗腐蚀性能；为满足这种要求合理、先进的铝合金表面处理技术正在逐步被人们研制和应用。对铝合金的表面处理技术主要有涂覆、电镀氧化，涂覆工艺是最重要的表面处理技术之一，它不仅适宜于形状复杂的铸造铝合金轮毂而且所形成的涂层有较高的硬度和良好的电绝缘性并有良好的抗蚀、耐磨防护、装饰效果。
现有的轮毂涂装装一般采用单一的静电涂装方法，在不同的涂装面二次喷涂成双色膜，其交界面位置容易产生色差，且合格率极低，成本居高不下，为此我们提出了一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点，而提出的一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、轮毂表面预处理，将热处理后的轮毂粗坯进行机加工，并留有一定的余量；
步骤二、粗磨，通过低速砂轮机对轮毂的表面进行粗磨；
步骤三、喷底漆；
步骤四、精磨，通过高速砂轮机对轮毂的表面进行精磨；
步骤五、喷色漆，根据所需的不同颜色调配好色漆，再按涂装条件在轮毂上喷涂上一层漆；
步骤六、喷罩光粉并烘烤；
步骤七、脱脂；
步骤八、电泳上漆。
作为本技术方案的进一步优选的：在所述步骤二中，通过低速砂轮机将轮毂表面之黑皮粘铝、段差、碰伤等凹凸不平及毛刺不良之处磨平，渣孔用AB胶补平干燥后用砂纸磨平使其平整，其中低速砂轮机的转速为1200r/min，然后在30-40℃的热水中清洗，清洗后将水痕吹干再经高温烘干以除去表面杂质。
作为本技术方案的进一步优选的：在所述步骤三中，通过喷枪将底粉喷至轮毂表面，然后将轮毂在68-73℃下进行烘烤，从而使粉底附着在轮毂表面提供轮毂表面光洁度以增加色漆附着力。
作为本技术方案的进一步优选的：在所述步骤四中，通过高速砂轮机将进行精磨将轮毂表面之颗粒、脏点桔纹及挂痕等不良研磨平整，使轮毂表面光滑没有沙痕，其中高速砂轮机的转速为2800r/min，然后用清水或纯水将轮毂表面的粉尘清洗干净，然后通过热风枪将轮毂表面的水纹吹干。
作为本技术方案的进一步优选的：在所述步骤六中，先对喷过色漆的轮毂进行预热后，再通过喷枪喷上一层罩光漆，从而使其在轮毂表面形成一层保护膜，色泽均匀后将其放入到烘烤机内进行烘烤，从而使油漆附着在轮毂上不脱落，其中烘烤机的温度设定为180-200℃，时间为25-30min。
作为本技术方案的进一步优选的：在所述步骤七中，进行电泳前的热浸脱脂，即利用化学皂化作用除去抛光腊，轮毂由脱脂槽取出后马上用人工方式擦洗轮毂角落以去除表面由脱脂槽浸泡而松动的表面油脂，洗好的轮毂及时转入第二道脱脂槽，保证洗净的轮毂不会被污染，然后用化学热浸法除去轮毂表面油污清洗表面，然后再用纯水将轮毂表面清洗干净以免将杂质带进电泳槽等后续工序。
作为本技术方案的进一步优选的：在所述步骤八中，采用电泳漆及色浆将电压设定在30-60V之间，调配工作液的纯水电导率控制在5μs/cm以下，颜色偏淡时可以稍微增加一点电压，颜色若过浓则可在范围内减少，电压调整不可过大否则易出现麻点，当工作液老化时需添加新的工作液，色浆在补充过程中一次不可以添加过多基本定为0.5ml/L，加入色浆后必须开启循环，循环20min后再试制达到所需颜色。
与现有的技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明通过将预处理后的轮毂进行精细的研磨后再喷覆色漆与照光粉，经过脱脂后最终进行电泳上漆，从而使轮毂的色彩分界面清晰，从而避免了其交界面位置容易产生色差的致命外观质量缺陷，进而避免了对其二次加工的问题发生，从而提高了轮毂的合格率，降低了生产成本。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、轮毂表面预处理，将热处理后的轮毂粗坯进行机加工，并留有一定的余量；
步骤二、粗磨，通过低速砂轮机将轮毂表面之黑皮粘铝、段差、碰伤等凹凸不平及毛刺不良之处磨平，渣孔用AB胶补平干燥后用砂纸磨平使其平整，其中低速砂轮机的转速为1200r/min，然后在30-40℃的热水中清洗，清洗后将水痕吹干再经高温烘干以除去表面杂质；
步骤三、喷底漆，通过喷枪将底粉喷至轮毂表面，然后将轮毂在68-73℃下进行烘烤，从而使粉底附着在轮毂表面提供轮毂表面光洁度以增加色漆附着力；
步骤四、精磨，通过高速砂轮机将进行精磨将轮毂表面之颗粒、脏点桔纹及挂痕等不良研磨平整，使轮毂表面光滑没有沙痕，其中高速砂轮机的转速为2800r/min，然后用清水或纯水将轮毂表面的粉尘清洗干净，然后通过热风枪将轮毂表面的水纹吹干；
步骤五、喷色漆，根据所需的不同颜色调配好色漆，再按涂装条件在轮毂上喷涂上一层漆；
步骤六、喷罩光粉并烘烤，先对喷过色漆的轮毂进行预热后，再通过喷枪喷上一层罩光漆，从而使其在轮毂表面形成一层保护膜，色泽均匀后将其放入到烘烤机内进行烘烤，从而使油漆附着在轮毂上不脱落，其中烘烤机的温度设定为180-200℃，时间为25-30min；
步骤七、脱脂，进行电泳前的热浸脱脂，即利用化学皂化作用除去抛光腊，轮毂由脱脂槽取出后马上用人工方式擦洗轮毂角落以去除表面由脱脂槽浸泡而松动的表面油脂，洗好的轮毂及时转入第二道脱脂槽，保证洗净的轮毂不会被污染，然后用化学热浸法除去轮毂表面油污清洗表面，然后再用纯水将轮毂表面清洗干净以免将杂质带进电泳槽等后续工序；
步骤八、电泳上漆，采用电泳漆及色浆将电压设定在30-60V之间，调配工作液的纯水电导率控制在5μs/cm以下，颜色偏淡时可以稍微增加一点电压，颜色若过浓则可在范围内减少，电压调整不可过大否则易出现麻点，当工作液老化时需添加新的工作液，色浆在补充过程中一次不可以添加过多基本定为0.5ml/L，加入色浆后必须开启循环，循环20min后再试制达到所需颜色，本发明通过将预处理后的轮毂进行精细的研磨后再喷覆色漆与照光粉，经过脱脂后最终进行电泳上漆，从而使轮毂的色彩分界面清晰，从而避免了其交界面位置容易产生色差的致命外观质量缺陷，进而避免了对其二次加工的问题发生，从而提高了轮毂的合格率，降低了生产成本。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、轮毂表面预处理，将热处理后的轮毂粗坯进行机加工，并留有一定的余量；
步骤二、粗磨，通过低速砂轮机对轮毂的表面进行粗磨；
步骤三、喷底漆；
步骤四、精磨，通过高速砂轮机对轮毂的表面进行精磨；
步骤五、喷色漆，根据所需的不同颜色调配好色漆，再按涂装条件在轮毂上喷涂上一层漆；
步骤六、喷罩光粉并烘烤；
步骤七、脱脂；
步骤八、电泳上漆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺，其特征在于，在所述步骤二中，通过低速砂轮机将轮毂表面之黑皮粘铝、段差、碰伤等凹凸不平及毛刺不良之处磨平，渣孔用AB胶补平干燥后用砂纸磨平使其平整，其中低速砂轮机的转速为1200r/min，然后在30-40℃的热水中清洗，清洗后将水痕吹干再经高温烘干以除去表面杂质。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺，其特征在于，在所述步骤三中，通过喷枪将底粉喷至轮毂表面，然后将轮毂在68-73℃下进行烘烤，从而使粉底附着在轮毂表面提供轮毂表面光洁度以增加色漆附着力。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺，其特征在于，在所述步骤四中，通过高速砂轮机将进行精磨将轮毂表面之颗粒、脏点桔纹及挂痕等不良研磨平整，使轮毂表面光滑没有沙痕，其中高速砂轮机的转速为2800r/min，然后用清水或纯水将轮毂表面的粉尘清洗干净，然后通过热风枪将轮毂表面的水纹吹干。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺，其特征在于，在所述步骤六中，先对喷过色漆的轮毂进行预热后，再通过喷枪喷上一层罩光漆，从而使其在轮毂表面形成一层保护膜，色泽均匀后将其放入到烘烤机内进行烘烤，从而使油漆附着在轮毂上不脱落，其中烘烤机的温度设定为180-200℃，时间为25-30min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺，其特征在于，在所述步骤七中，进行电泳前的热浸脱脂，即利用化学皂化作用除去抛光腊，轮毂由脱脂槽取出后马上用人工方式擦洗轮毂角落以去除表面由脱脂槽浸泡而松动的表面油脂，洗好的轮毂及时转入第二道脱脂槽，保证洗净的轮毂不会被污染，然后用化学热浸法除去轮毂表面油污清洗表面，然后再用纯水将轮毂表面清洗干净以免将杂质带进电泳槽等后续工序。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝合金轮毂表面多色高效率涂装工艺，其特征在于，在所述步骤八中，采用电泳漆及色浆将电压设定在30-60V之间，调配工作液的纯水电导率控制在5μs/cm以下，颜色偏淡时可以稍微增加一点电压，颜色若过浓则可在范围内减少，电压调整不可过大否则易出现麻点，当工作液老化时需添加新的工作液，色浆在补充过程中一次不可以添加过多基本定为0.5ml/L，加入色浆后必须开启循环，循环20min后再试制达到所需颜色。
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