CN114946497A - Seedling raising method for improving germination rate and regularity of callicarpa nudiflora - Google Patents
Seedling raising method for improving germination rate and regularity of callicarpa nudiflora Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a seedling raising method for improving the germination rate and the regularity of callicarpa nudiflora. The germination promoting operation of the seeds in the seedling raising method comprises the steps of soaking the seeds in 20-35% glacial acetic acid solution, putting the seeds into a seed soaking agent for seed soaking, fishing out the seeds, and irradiating the seeds by adopting ultraviolet light and infrared light to obtain seeds to be sowed; the seed soaking agent is water extract of callicarpa nudiflora and rhizoma atractylodis. According to the invention, through pre-treating the callicarpa nudiflora seeds in advance and adopting the specifically selected seedbed substrate, the dormant state of the seeds is effectively broken, the seedling culture time is short, the germination rate is high, and the germination is neat; the proportion of the nutrient medium for the seedling formation of the seeds is more favorable for the germination and seedling formation of the seeds and for the large-scale production of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a seedling raising method for improving the germination rate and the regularity of callicarpa nudiflora.
Background
Callicarpa nudiflora (academic name: Callicarpa nudiflora hook. et Arn.) is Verbenaceae, and can reach 7 m; old branches have no hair and obvious skin holes, and branches with dense grayish brown color and hairy hair of twigs, petioles and inflorescences. The leaves are oval and oblong in shape and are coated with needles, the surfaces of the leaves are dark green, the leaves become black after being dried, the polyspora rosea is developed, and the bracts are linear or coated with needles; calyx, corolla purple or pink, anther oval, tiny, nearly spherical, red, flowering in 6-8 months, and bearing fruit in 8-12 months.
The callicarpa nudiflora leaf has the effects of stopping bleeding, relieving pain, removing blood stasis and reducing swelling. Treating traumatic hemorrhage, traumatic injury swelling and pain, rheumatic swelling and pain, pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis, and gastrointestinal hemorrhage; the medicine is refined into injection, and is a good hemostatic. Is a common clinical herb.
However, the callicarpa nudiflora seeds are difficult to germinate, are long and extremely irregular in germination, and according to experimental observation, under the same condition, a small part of seeds germinate 17 days after sowing in the early stage of emergence, and a plurality of seeds continuously germinate 80 days after sowing in the late stage, and the germination time is different by more than 60 days. And the growth speed is slower in the cross-shaped period after seedling emergence. Therefore, more scientific and rigorous seedling raising methods are urgently needed in the aspect of seeding and seedling raising.
The Chinese patent application CN103039250A discloses a callicarpa nudiflora seedling growing method, which comprises the following steps of (1) breeding is started in 3-4 months every year; (2) before breeding, a plurality of soil ridges are formed in the ground, and the organic fertilizer decomposed from the pig manure is applied after the ridges are formed; (3) soaking the seeds; (4) uniformly broadcasting the soaked seeds on the soil ridges, (5) after sowing on the soil ridges, covering a sunshade net, and watering every day to keep the temperature of the soil ridges at 80-85%; (6) when the seedlings grow to 1.5 cm-2 cm, moving to a nutrition bag; (7) watering for 30-40 days each day, transplanting the seedlings to a field after the seedlings grow to 0.2-0.3 m, and performing field management.
The Chinese patent application CN102487749A discloses a method for improving the germination rate and seedling rate of callicarpa nudiflora, which comprises a material preparation stage, a seed treatment stage and a subsequent management stage. After the treatment by the method, the germination rate is more than 75 percent; the seedling rate is more than 70%.
The method researches the seedling raising technology of beautyberry, accelerates the germination speed of beautyberry to a certain extent, but the germination rate, the survival rate and the germination regularity are still required to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the seedling culture method for improving the germination rate and the regularity of callicarpa nudiflora, and the seedling culture method is short in seedling culture time, high in germination rate and neat in germination.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme is as follows:
a seedling raising method for improving the germination rate and the regularity of callicarpa nudiflora is characterized in that the germination promoting operation of seeds in the seedling raising method comprises the steps of soaking the seeds in a glacial acetic acid solution, putting the seeds into a seed soaking agent for seed soaking, taking out the seeds, and irradiating the seeds alternately by adopting ultraviolet light and infrared light to obtain seeds to be sowed; the seed soaking agent is water extract of callicarpa nudiflora.
Preferably, the volume concentration of the glacial acetic acid solution is 20-35%, the soaking temperature is 10-15 ℃, and the soaking time is 6-10 h.
Preferably, the seed soaking is to soak seeds for 10 to 14 hours at 5 to 10 ℃ and then soak seeds for 5 to 8 hours at 45 to 55 ℃.
Preferably, the preparation method of the water extract comprises the following steps: pulverizing folium Callicarpae Formosanae and rhizoma Atractylodis at a mass ratio of 1:1-5, adding 5 times of 0.5-2% sucrose ester water solution, heating and reflux extracting for 0.5-1h for 1-3 times, and concentrating the extractive solution to relative density of 1.1-1.2 at 60 deg.C.
Preferably, the irradiation is performed by alternately irradiating with ultraviolet light and infrared light for 1-3 times, and the irradiation time is 0.5h and 1.5h respectively.
Preferably, the infrared light irradiation has the wavelength of 850-940nm and the power of 50-300W.
Preferably, the wavelength of the ultraviolet irradiation is 360-370nm, and the power is 500-2500 mW.
Environmental factors influencing the germination of plant seeds comprise illumination, temperature, soil water content, the burial depth of the seeds in soil, dormancy and the like, the invention discovers that the illumination has important influence on the germination of the callicarpa nudiflora seeds, and researches on a day light, an incandescent lamp, infrared light, ultraviolet light and illumination of different wave bands thereof prove that the alternate irradiation of 360-fold glass 370nm ultraviolet light and 850-fold glass 940nm infrared light can stimulate the metabolic activity of seed cells and promote the germination of the seeds.
The temperature also strongly influences the germination and seedling rate of the seeds, and the proper temperature can promote the growth of the seeds. The temperature suitable for different plants is different. The invention discovers that when the seeds are soaked in the seed soaking agent, the temperature change has obvious influence on the germination and seedling formation of the seeds, the activity of enzyme in the callicarpa nudiflora seeds is promoted, the splitting of seed coats is promoted, the permeability is enhanced, and water and gas can penetrate through the seed coats to a certain degree to promote the metabolism of the seeds.
Preferably, the seedling raising method further comprises the steps of preparing a seedbed matrix, then sowing seeds to be sowed into the seedbed, watering, and planting when the seedlings reach a certain height; the seedbed matrix is prepared by compounding coconut chaff, duck eggshell powder, kelp powder and humus according to the mass ratio of 0.3-0.8:0.2-0.5:0.3-0.8: 1.
Preferably, before sowing, seeds to be sowed and callicarpa nudiflora leaf powder are mixed at a ratio of 1: 0.1-0.2.
Preferably, the temperature of the seedbed is 28-32 ℃.
The proper soil matrix temperature is a prerequisite for the germination of callicarpa nudiflora seeds. According to the invention, the temperature of the seedbed is further investigated, and the temperature of the seedbed matrix has no obvious influence on the seedling time under the conditions of variable temperature and constant temperature, and the highest respiration intensity of the seeds can germinate at the fastest speed at 28-32 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the method, seeds are soaked by glacial acetic acid, and then are soaked by the water extract of callicarpa nudiflora leaves and rhizoma atractylodis, and polyphenol components, organic acid and rhizoma atractylodis oil in the extract can play powerful sterilization and disinfection effects, so that the optimal time for seed germination can be effectively adjusted, and the seedling emergence regularity of callicarpa nudiflora seeds is improved. Is very beneficial to promoting the seed germination, and can effectively improve the germination rate and the germination speed. In addition, the seed soaking agent extracting solution also contains sucrose ester with a certain concentration, so that not only can the active ingredients of the extracting solution be improved, but also the extraction efficiency can be improved, and in the seed soaking agent treatment, the surface of seed coats can be further activated to stimulate the germination of seeds.
(2) According to the method, after the seed soaking agent treatment, the seeds are alternately illuminated by ultraviolet light and infrared light, the seed dormancy is broken through the cooperation of the illumination and the seed soaking agent treatment, the seed germination speed is improved, the seedling emergence time is greatly shortened, the seed germination rate is effectively improved, the callicarpa nudiflora germination period is shortened, the plants can synchronously grow, and the large-scale integral production of traditional Chinese medicinal materials is facilitated.
(3) The invention further researches the seedbed matrix of the seeds, and the seedbed matrix is prepared by compounding specific coconut chaff, duck egg shell powder, kelp powder and humus, and compared with the matrixes with other proportions, the seedbed matrix has high seedling rate, because the permeability of the soil matrix is good, oxygen is sufficient, and the aerobic respiration of the seeds is excited; and the moisture retention is good after watering, which is beneficial to the biochemical reaction of seed cells, and the nutrient substance proportion for providing the seedling is also more beneficial to the germination and seedling of the seeds.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
The seedling raising method for improving the germination rate and the regularity of callicarpa nudiflora comprises the following steps of:
(1) pretreatment of seeds: soaking Callicarpa nudiflora seeds in 30% glacial acetic acid solution at 10 deg.C for 8h, soaking in seed soaking agent, taking out, and alternately irradiating under 365nm ultraviolet lamp and 850nm infrared lamp for 3 times, wherein each irradiation time is 0.5h and 1.5h respectively. And obtaining seeds to be sowed. The model of the ultraviolet lamp is HYR50X43B365AN-X4A, the power is 2300mW, the infrared lamp is a 50W high-power infrared LED lamp bead, and suppliers are blue jin photoelectricity limited company in Dongguan city.
The seed soaking agent is prepared as follows:
pulverizing folium Callicarpae Formosanae and rhizoma Atractylodis at a mass ratio of 1:1, adding 5 times of 2% sucrose ester water solution, heating and reflux extracting for 1 hr, extracting for 1 time, and concentrating the extractive solution to relative density of 1.2 at 60 deg.C. The supplier of sucrose esters is Guangdong Dingsheng food ingredient Co.
(2) Preparing a seedbed matrix: mixing and compounding coconut chaff, duck eggshell powder, kelp powder and humus soil according to the mass ratio of 0.5:0.3:0.5: 1.
(3) Mixing seeds to be sowed and callicarpa nudiflora leaf powder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.1, paving a seedling tray in a greenhouse, filling a seedbed matrix, and sowing the mixed seeds on the matrix. Then covering a thin seedbed matrix to cover the seeds. The temperature in the greenhouse was kept at 30 ℃ and the moisture content of the substrate was taken into account to keep the substrate in a wet state. And (5) water is sprayed in time when drought is found.
The moisture condition is checked frequently, the surface of the nutrient substrate is whitened, and a sprayer is used for spraying water for humidification.
Example 2
(1) Pretreatment of seeds: soaking Callicarpa nudiflora seeds in 35% glacial acetic acid solution at 10 deg.C for 6h, soaking in seed soaking agent, taking out, and alternately irradiating under 360-370nm ultraviolet lamp and 940nm infrared lamp for 2 times, wherein each irradiation time is 0.5h and 1.5h respectively. And obtaining seeds to be sowed. The model of the ultraviolet lamp is U330A4V71Z2, the power is 90-120mW, the infrared lamp is a 50W high-power infrared LED lamp bead, and the supplier is blue jin photoelectricity limited company in Dongguan city.
The seed soaking agent is prepared as follows:
pulverizing folium Callicarpae Formosanae and rhizoma Atractylodis at a mass ratio of 1:2, adding 5 times of 0.5% sucrose ester water solution, heating and reflux extracting for 0.5 hr for 2 times, and concentrating the extractive solution to relative density of 1.10 at 60 deg.C. The supplier of sucrose esters is Guangdong Dingsheng food ingredient Co.
(2) Preparing a seedbed matrix: mixing and compounding coconut chaff, duck eggshell powder, kelp powder and humus soil according to the mass ratio of 0.3:0.2:0.3: 1.
(3) Mixing seeds to be sowed and callicarpa nudiflora leaf powder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.1, paving a seedling tray in a greenhouse, filling a seedbed matrix, and sowing the mixed seeds on the matrix. Then covering a thin seedbed matrix to cover the seeds. The temperature in the greenhouse was maintained at 28 ℃ and the moisture content of the substrate was taken into account to maintain the substrate in a wet state. And (5) water is sprayed in time when drought is found.
The moisture condition is checked frequently, the surface of the nutrient substrate is whitened, and a sprayer is used for spraying water for humidification.
Example 3
(1) Pretreatment of seeds: soaking Callicarpa nudiflora seeds in 35% glacial acetic acid solution at 15 deg.C for 6h, soaking in seed soaking agent, taking out, and alternately irradiating under 365nm ultraviolet lamp and 850nm infrared lamp for 3 times, wherein each irradiation time is 0.5h and 1.5h respectively. And obtaining seeds to be sowed. The model of the ultraviolet lamp is HYR50X43B365AN-X4A, the power is 2300mW, the infrared lamp is a 50W high-power infrared LED lamp bead, and a manufacturer is blue jin photoelectricity limited company in Dongguan city.
The seed soaking agent is prepared as follows:
pulverizing folium Callicarpae Formosanae and rhizoma Atractylodis at a mass ratio of 1:5, adding 5 times of 2% sucrose ester water solution, heating and reflux-extracting for 2 hr for 1 time, and concentrating the extractive solution to relative density of 1.2 at 60 deg.C. The supplier of sucrose esters is Guangdong Dingsheng food ingredient Co.
(2) Preparing a seedbed matrix: mixing and compounding coconut chaff, duck eggshell powder, kelp powder and humus soil according to the mass ratio of 0.8:0.5:0.8: 1.
(3) Mixing seeds to be sowed and callicarpa nudiflora leaf powder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.2, paving a seedling tray in a greenhouse, filling a seedbed matrix, and sowing the mixed seeds on the matrix. Then covering a thin seedbed matrix to cover the seeds. The temperature in the greenhouse was kept at 32 ℃ and the moisture content of the substrate was taken into account to keep the substrate in a wet state. And (5) water is sprayed in time when drought is found.
The moisture condition is checked frequently, the surface of the nutrient substrate is whitened, and a sprayer is used for spraying water for humidification.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is different from example 1 in that the seed soaking agent is different in the seed pretreatment operation, and the seed soaking agent is prepared without adding Callicarpa nudiflora leaves and is filled with rhizoma atractylodis in quality. The specific breeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of seeds: soaking Callicarpa nudiflora seeds in 30% glacial acetic acid solution at 10 deg.C for 8h, soaking in seed soaking agent, taking out, and alternately irradiating under 365nm ultraviolet lamp and 850nm infrared lamp for 3 times, wherein each irradiation time is 0.5h and 1.5h respectively. And obtaining seeds to be sowed. The model of the ultraviolet lamp is HYR50X43B365AN-X4A, the power is 2300mW, the infrared lamp is a 50W high-power infrared LED lamp bead, and suppliers are blue jin photoelectricity limited company in Dongguan city.
The seed soaking agent is prepared as follows:
pulverizing rhizoma Atractylodis, adding 5 times of 2% sucrose ester water solution, heating and reflux extracting for 1 hr for 1 time, and concentrating the extractive solution to relative density of 1.2 at 60 deg.C. The supplier of sucrose esters is Guangdong Dingsheng food ingredient Co.
(2) Preparing a seedbed matrix: mixing and compounding coconut chaff, duck eggshell powder, kelp powder and humus soil according to the mass ratio of 0.5:0.3:0.5: 1.
(3) Mixing seeds to be sowed and callicarpa nudiflora leaf powder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.1, paving a seedling tray in a greenhouse, filling a seedbed matrix, and sowing the mixed seeds on the matrix. Then covering a thin seedbed matrix to cover the seeds. The temperature in the greenhouse was kept at 30 ℃ and the moisture content of the substrate was taken into account to keep the substrate in a wet state. And (5) water is sprayed in time when drought is found.
The moisture condition is checked frequently, the surface of the nutrient substrate is whitened, and a sprayer is used for spraying water for humidification.
Comparative example 2
The difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that the seed soaking agent is different in the pretreatment operation of seeds, no rhizoma atractylodis is added in the preparation of the seed soaking agent, and the quality is complemented by callicarpa nudiflora leaves. The specific operation is as follows:
(1) pretreatment of seeds: soaking Callicarpa nudiflora seeds in 30% glacial acetic acid solution at 10 deg.C for 8h, soaking in seed soaking agent, taking out, and alternately irradiating under 365nm ultraviolet lamp and 850nm infrared lamp for 3 times, wherein each irradiation time is 0.5h and 1.5h respectively. And obtaining seeds to be sowed. The model of the ultraviolet lamp is HYR50X43B365AN-X4A, the power is 2300mW, the infrared lamp is a 50W high-power infrared LED lamp bead, and manufacturers are blue jin photoelectricity limited company in Dongguan city.
The seed soaking agent is prepared as follows:
pulverizing folium Callicarpae Formosanae, adding 5 times of 2% sucrose ester water solution, heating and reflux extracting for 1 hr, extracting for 1 time, and concentrating the extractive solution to relative density of 1.2 at 60 deg.C. The supplier of sucrose esters is Guangdong Dingsheng food ingredient Co.
(2) Preparing a seedbed matrix: mixing and compounding coconut chaff, duck eggshell powder, kelp powder and humus soil according to the mass ratio of 0.5:0.3:0.5: 1.
(3) Mixing seeds to be sowed and callicarpa nudiflora leaf powder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.1, paving a seedling tray in a greenhouse, filling a seedbed matrix, and sowing the mixed seeds on the matrix. Then covering a thin seedbed matrix to cover the seeds. The temperature in the greenhouse was kept at 30 ℃ and the moisture content of the substrate was taken into account to keep the substrate in a wet state. And (5) water is sprayed in time when drought is found.
The moisture condition is checked frequently, the surface of the nutrient substrate is whitened, and a sprayer is used for spraying water for humidification.
Comparative example 3
The difference between the comparative example and the example 1 is that the illumination mode in the seed pretreatment is different, and the specific breeding method is as follows:
(1) pretreatment of seeds: soaking Callicarpa nudiflora seeds in 30% glacial acetic acid solution at 10 deg.C for 8h, soaking in a seed soaking agent, taking out, and alternately irradiating under 380-390nm peak ultraviolet lamp and 850nm infrared lamp for 3 times, wherein each irradiation time is 1h and 1h respectively. And obtaining seeds to be sowed. The model of the ultraviolet lamp is U330A2V92Z2, the power is 50-70mW, the infrared lamp is a 50W high-power infrared LED lamp bead, and the manufacturer is blue jin photoelectricity limited company in Dongguan city.
The seed soaking agent is prepared as follows:
pulverizing folium Callicarpae Formosanae and rhizoma Atractylodis at a mass ratio of 1:1, adding 5 times of 2% sucrose ester water solution, heating and reflux extracting for 1 hr, extracting for 1 time, and concentrating the extractive solution to relative density of 1.2 at 60 deg.C. The supplier of sucrose esters is Guangdong Dingsheng food ingredient Co.
(2) Preparing a seedbed matrix: mixing and compounding coconut chaff, duck egg shell powder, kelp powder and humus soil according to the mass ratio of 0.5:0.3:0.5:1 to obtain the compound feed.
(3) Mixing seeds to be sowed and callicarpa nudiflora leaf powder according to the mass ratio of 1:0.1, paving a seedling tray in a greenhouse, filling a seedbed matrix, and sowing the mixed seeds on the matrix. Then covering a thin seedbed matrix to cover the seeds. The temperature in the greenhouse was maintained at 30 ℃ and moisture in the substrate was taken into account to maintain the substrate in a moist state. And (5) water is sprayed in time when drought is found.
The moisture condition is checked frequently, the surface of the nutrient substrate is whitened, and a sprayer is used for spraying water for humidification.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example is different from example 1 in the component ratio of the bed substrate. The special fertilizer is prepared by compounding coconut chaff, duck eggshell powder, kelp powder and humus according to the mass ratio of 0.6:0.6:0.1:1, and the rest steps are the same as those in example 1.
Sowing 100 seeds in each group according to the breeding method of the embodiment or the comparative example, wherein the successful germination is realized after the callicarpa nudiflora breaks the soil, the successful seedling formation of the callicarpa nudiflora seeds can be realized when the height of the seedlings is more than 8cm, and the seedlings are transplanted after the seedlings are formed. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Callicarpa nudiflora seed Germination and seedling development
According to the method, the callicarpa nudiflora seeds are pretreated in advance, the dormant state of the seeds is effectively broken, a large number of new buds can be seen to break the soil and come out on the 10 th day of sowing, the germination rate is 90-95%, and the rapid germination of the seeds and the regularity of the seedlings are effectively promoted. The contrast groups 1 and 2 adopt different seed soaking agents, the contrast group 3 has different illumination modes, the contrast group 4 has improper bed soil matrix proportion, the seed soaking agents have different degrees of influence on the germination and the seedling formation of seeds, and the correlative degree of the influence factors is that the seed soaking agents are larger than the illumination modes and larger than the bed matrixes.
The above detailed description is specific to one possible embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention should be included in the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A seedling raising method for improving the germination rate and the regularity of callicarpa nudiflora is characterized in that the germination promoting operation of seeds in the seedling raising method comprises the steps of soaking the seeds in a glacial acetic acid solution, putting the seeds into a seed soaking agent for seed soaking, fishing out the seeds, and irradiating the seeds by adopting ultraviolet light and infrared light to obtain seeds to be sowed; the seed soaking agent is water extract of callicarpa nudiflora and rhizoma atractylodis.
2. A seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the volume concentration of the glacial acetic acid solution is 20-35%, the soaking temperature is 10-15 ℃, and the soaking time is 6-10 h.
3. A seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that the seed soaking is carried out at 5-10 ℃ for 10-14h, and then at 45-55 ℃ for 5-8 h.
4. A method for raising seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that the method for preparing the water extract is: pulverizing folium Callicarpae Formosanae and rhizoma Atractylodis, adding 5 times of 0.5-2% sucrose ester water solution, heating and reflux extracting for 0.5-1h for 1-3 times, and concentrating the extractive solution to relative density of 1.1-1.2 at 60 deg.C.
5. A seedling raising method according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the callicarpa nudiflora leaf to the rhizoma atractylodis is 1: 1-5.
6. A seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the irradiation is performed by alternately irradiating with ultraviolet light and infrared light for 1-3 times, and the irradiation time is 0.5h and 1.5h respectively.
7. A seedling raising method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the infrared light irradiation is 850-.
8. The method for growing seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the ultraviolet light irradiation is 360-370nm, and the power is 500-2500 mW.
9. A seedling raising method according to claim 1, further comprising preparing a bed substrate, then seeding seeds to be sowed into the bed, watering, and planting when the seedlings reach a certain height; the seedbed substrate is prepared by compounding coconut chaff, duck egg shell powder, kelp powder and humus soil in a mass ratio of 0.3-0.8:0.2-0.5:0.3-0.8: 1.
10. A seedling raising method according to claim 9, characterized in that seeds to be sown and callicarpa nudiflora leaf powder are mixed at a ratio of 1:0.1-0.2 before sowing; the temperature of the seedbed is 28-32 ℃.
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