CN110999914B - Chinese medicinal material seed pretreatment agent and application thereof - Google Patents
Chinese medicinal material seed pretreatment agent and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110999914B CN110999914B CN201911205891.3A CN201911205891A CN110999914B CN 110999914 B CN110999914 B CN 110999914B CN 201911205891 A CN201911205891 A CN 201911205891A CN 110999914 B CN110999914 B CN 110999914B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/46—N-acyl derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting, and particularly discloses a pretreatment agent for seeds of traditional Chinese medicines and application thereof, and also discloses a method for pretreating seeds of polygonum bulbiferum by using the pretreatment agent. The prespecification pretreatment method comprises the steps of soaking the polygonum bulbil buds in the soaking solution, combining the light treatment in the soaking process, playing a good role in inhibiting various pathogenic microorganisms existing in the bulbil buds, then carrying out the pregermination treatment, spraying the chitosan aqueous solution to the bulbil buds in the pregermination process, and sowing after the treated bulbil buds are obtained. The synergistic effect of the effective components epsilon-polylysine, nisin or natamycin and chitosan in the soak solution can promote the secondary sprouting and leaf generation of the bulbils, obviously improve the sprouting and rooting speed of field planting and obviously improve the sprouting capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting, in particular to a traditional Chinese medicine pre-treatment agent and application thereof, and also relates to a method for pre-treating bulbil buds of polygonum bulbil by using the pre-treatment agent.
Background
Polygonum bulbiferum is a perennial herb of Polygonum of Polygonaceae. The flowering period is 5-7 months per year, and the fruit period is 7-9 months. The wild polygonum bulbiferum is mainly grown in alpine meadow areas with the altitude of 2500-5000 m, and the unique topographic structure, the complex geographical conditions and the diversified climatic characteristics of plateaus enable the wild polygonum bulbiferum to become a concentrated distribution area of the polygonum bulbiferum. At present, wild resources of the polygonum bulbiferum are seriously deficient along with wild mining of the polygonum bulbiferum, and the wild mining causes huge damage to the ecological system of the plateau meadow. Therefore, the artificial planting of the polygonum bulbiferum is imperative. At present, the artificial planting of the polygonum bulbiferum is mainly carried out by propagating and cultivating the polygonum bulbiferum. The bulbil is a nutritive organ of the polygonum hydropiper, grows on inflorescences, grows synchronously with flowers, can be attached to a mother plant to germinate leaf buds when the bulbil does not fall off a mother body, falls into the soil after the bulbil is mature, and grows into a new plant.
At present, when the polygonum bulbiferum is planted artificially, the polygonum bulbiferum is planted along with the harvesting, generally, fresh bulbels are harvested in about six months every year, and the planting is carried out by adopting a ditching and drilling mode. If the bulblets can not be harvested and sowed at any time, the bulblets need to be placed in a shade place for spreading and airing at a low temperature, turning over for 1-2 times every day, spraying a small amount of water mist on the surfaces of the bulblets, preserving moisture to prevent burning seedlings, preferably seeding all the bulblets in one week after each batch of the bulblets are harvested, and not exceeding half a month as much as possible, otherwise, the emergence rate can be influenced. The time for naturally flowering and binding the bulbils of the bulbil polygonum orientale is 6-9 months per year, so that the weather is hot, the rainwater is less, and the seedling emergence and seedling formation of the bulbil are not facilitated. In order to realize that the polygonum bulbil can be sown in spring with proper environment in the next year, the polygonum bulbil must be preserved and stored for a long time.
As the bulbels already start to root and sprout when not being separated from the parent, the bulbels which have lower water content and are not completely mature before picking are easy to lose water in the preservation process so that the tender buds wither and die; the stress resistance of the bulbil preserved for a certain time after harvesting is also reduced, and the bulbil is easy to be infected by microorganisms in the germination process. The germination efficiency of the bulbil during spring sowing is extremely low due to the reasons, and the commercial and large-scale planting production of the bulbil polygonum is severely restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a traditional Chinese medicine seed pretreatment agent and also provides an application thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: a Chinese medicinal material seed pretreatment agent comprises soaking solution and germination accelerating treatment solution; the effective components in the soaking solution comprise at least one of epsilon-polylysine, nisin and natamycin; the germination accelerating treatment liquid is a chitosan water solution.
In a preferable embodiment, the concentration of the epsilon-polylysine in the soaking solution is 0.1-0.5 g/L; and/or the concentration of nisin is 0.3-0.6 g/L; and/or the concentration of the natamycin is 0.2-0.6 g/L.
In a further preferable embodiment, the effective components of the soaking solution comprise epsilon-polylysine, nisin and natamycin, wherein the concentration of the epsilon-polylysine is 0.1-0.5 g/L, the concentration of the nisin is 0.3-0.6 g/L, and the concentration of the natamycin is 0.2-0.6 g/L.
Preferably, the germination accelerating treatment liquid is a water-soluble chitosan aqueous solution, and the concentration of the water-soluble chitosan aqueous solution is 0.05-0.2 g/L.
Experiments prove that the pre-treatment agent for the seeds can be applied to pre-seed treatment of the seed buds of the polygonum bulbiferum, and the germination capacity of the seed buds can be obviously improved.
The invention also provides a method for pre-treating the polygonum bulborum by using the pre-treating agent, which comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking the bulbil of Polygonum criopolitanum in the soaking solution, performing illumination treatment during the soaking process, and taking out the bulbil after the soaking is finished; and
(2) and (2) placing the pearl buds treated in the step (1) under illumination for accelerating germination, and spraying a germination accelerating treatment liquid to the pearl buds in the process of accelerating germination.
Preferably, the illumination treatment in the step (1) is performed by using sunlight or LED lamp light, and the illumination intensity is 650-20000 Lux; more preferably, the illumination intensity is 3000-9000 Lux, and the illumination time is 12 h.
As a preferable embodiment, the treatment temperature of the soaking treatment is 15-20 ℃, and the soaking treatment time is 12-36 h.
Preferably, the illumination in the step (2) is performed by sunlight or LED lamp light, and the illumination intensity is 3000-6000 Lux.
Further preferably, the illumination treatment in the step (2) is carried out at the temperature of 15-25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60-80%, and the germination accelerating time is 3-5 days;
preferably, the bead buds after pregermination treatment are aired for 6-12 h at 20-25 ℃, and then sown for sowing.
The invention mainly aims at the bulbils after long-term preservation, and pre-treatment is carried out on the bulbils before planting so as to improve the sprouting leaves of the bulbils. Specifically, firstly, soaking the polygonum bulbil in a soaking solution, wherein the soaking solution contains active ingredients, the active ingredients comprise at least one of epsilon-polylysine, nisin and natamycin, and illumination treatment is combined in the soaking process. The effective components of epsilon-polylysine (epsilon-PL), Nisin (Nisin) and natamycin in the soaking solution are all natural bacteriostatic agents of microbial sources, and can play a good role in inhibiting various pathogenic microorganisms existing in the bulbels after being soaked by the natural bacteriostatic agent, and the germination capacity can be obviously improved by combining with illumination. And taking out the pearl buds after the soaking and illumination treatment to obtain the soaked pearl buds with certain moisture content. Then carrying out germination accelerating treatment, wherein the germination accelerating is carried out under the illumination, and a germination accelerating treatment liquid is sprayed on the bulbels in the germination accelerating process, wherein the germination accelerating treatment liquid is a water solution of water-soluble chitosan, and the water solution of the chitosan can form a gelatinous hygroscopic water film on the surfaces of the bulbels so as to maintain the postharvest quality of the bulbels of the polygonum orientale. The treated bulbils are properly aired, and then can be sowed in spring. By adopting the methods of soaking, spraying and tedding, the germination capacity of the bulbels is improved while the proper water content of the bulbels is maintained, and compared with the non-pretreated bulbels, the germination rate is still obviously lower than that of the bulbels treated by the method even if the soil nutrition is strictly prepared.
By using the pretreatment agent for the seeds and the pretreatment method provided by the invention to treat the bulbils after long-term preservation, secondary sprouting and leaf generation of the bulbils can be promoted, the sprouting and rooting speed of field planting can be obviously improved, diseases and insect pests can be prevented before the bulbils break the ground, and the stress resistance of the bulbils growing under unsuitable environmental conditions can be improved. Tests prove that the pre-planted pearl buds pretreated by the method can obviously reduce the failure rate in the early germination stage, greatly improve the emergence rate of the soil-planted pearl buds, and have important significance for reducing the artificial planting cost of the pearl buds and improving the yield.
The invention also has the advantages that the used natural bacteriostatic agent of microbial source, namely epsilon-polylysine, nisin, natamycin and chitosan, is obtained by industrial fermentation of microorganisms, and has the advantages of convenient acquisition, low cost, naturalness, no toxicity and no peculiar smell; the treatment method can be carried out under the condition of sunlight or common LED light, and is not limited by natural conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a histogram of germination vigor and germination rate after seeding of a pearl bud calculated from the number of sprouts in the experimental example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail by specific examples.
The sources of the raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows.
The raw materials are purchased and obtained from epsilon-polylysine, nisin, natamycin and water-soluble chitosan; carbendazim is purchased, and the content of effective components is 50 percent; the experimental bulbil polygonum bulbil is collected in Zhaotong city in Yunnan province, and is purple red and full. The pre-seeded beadlets in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention were all beadlets stored in a freezer at 0-10 ℃ for 3 months.
Example 1
Pre-seeding pretreatment is carried out on the bulbils, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) illumination and seed soaking treatment
Taking mauve and plump bulbil, soaking in 0.5g/L epsilon-polylysine water solution at 20 deg.C for 24h, and simultaneously, performing illumination treatment on the bulbil during the soaking period, wherein the illumination intensity is 5000Lux, and the illumination period is 12 h;
(2) pregermination treatment
Taking out the pearl buds soaked in the seed soaking treatment in the step (1), then placing the pearl buds in an environment with the temperature of 23 ℃ and the relative humidity of 75%, accelerating germination under the illumination intensity of 3500Lux, and spraying 0.05g/L chitosan water solution on the pearl buds during accelerating germination to keep the surfaces of the pearl buds in a wet state, wherein the accelerating germination time is 3 d;
(3) drying treatment
And (3) airing the bud subjected to germination accelerating treatment for 6 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ and under the relative humidity of 55%, wherein no obvious water drops exist on the surface of the bud, and then sowing can be carried out.
Example 2
Pre-seeding pretreatment is carried out on the bulbils, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) illumination and seed soaking treatment
Taking mauve and plump bulbil, soaking in 0.4g/L nisin water solution at 18 ℃ for 20h, and simultaneously, carrying out illumination treatment on the bulbil during the soaking period, wherein the illumination intensity is 3000Lux, and the illumination period is 12 h;
(2) pregermination treatment
Taking out the pearl buds soaked in the seed soaking treatment in the step (1), then placing the pearl buds in an environment with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60%, accelerating germination under the illumination intensity of 4500Lux, and spraying 0.1g/L chitosan water solution on the pearl buds during accelerating germination to keep the surfaces of the pearl buds in a wet state, wherein the accelerating germination time is 4 days;
(3) drying treatment
And (3) airing the bud subjected to pregermination for 12h under the environment conditions of 22 ℃ and 54% of relative humidity, wherein no obvious water drops exist on the surface of the bud, and then sowing can be carried out.
Example 3
Pre-seeding pretreatment is carried out on the bulbils, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) illumination and seed soaking treatment
Taking mauve and plump bulbil, soaking in 0.6g/L natamycin water solution at 15 deg.C for 36h, and simultaneously, performing illumination treatment on the bulbil during the soaking period, wherein the illumination intensity is 6000Lux, and the illumination period is 12 h;
(2) pregermination treatment
Taking out the pearl buds soaked in the seed soaking treatment in the step (1), then placing the pearl buds in an environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65%, accelerating germination under the illumination intensity of 3200Lux, and spraying 0.2g/L chitosan water solution on the pearl buds during the accelerating germination period to keep the surfaces of the pearl buds in a wet state, wherein the accelerating germination time is 5 days;
(3) drying treatment
And (3) airing the bud subjected to germination accelerating treatment for 10 hours under the environment conditions of 24 ℃ and 60% of relative humidity, wherein no obvious water drops exist on the surface of the bud, and then sowing can be carried out.
Example 4
Pre-seeding pretreatment is carried out on the bulbils, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) illumination and seed soaking treatment
Taking mauve and plump bulbil, placing the mauve and plump bulbil into a mixed water solution formed by epsilon-polylysine, nisin and natamycin, wherein the concentration of the epsilon-polylysine is 0.2g/L, the concentration of the nisin is 0.3g/L and the concentration of the natamycin is 0.5g/L, soaking the mauve and the natamycin in the mixed water solution for 24 hours, the ambient temperature is 20 ℃, and meanwhile, the illumination treatment is carried out on the bulbil during the soaking period, the illumination intensity is 5000Lux, and the illumination period is 12 hours;
(2) pregermination treatment
Taking out the pearl buds soaked in the seed soaking treatment in the step (1), then placing the pearl buds in an environment with the temperature of 22 ℃ and the relative humidity of 75%, accelerating germination under the illumination intensity of 3500Lux, and spraying 0.05g/L chitosan water solution on the pearl buds during accelerating germination to keep the surfaces of the pearl buds in a wet state, wherein the accelerating germination time is 3 d;
(3) drying treatment
And (3) airing the bud subjected to germination accelerating treatment for 6 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ and under the relative humidity of 55%, wherein no obvious water drops exist on the surface of the bud, and then sowing can be carried out.
Comparative example 1
Directly taking out the purple red and plump bead buds for sowing.
Comparative example 2
Pre-seeding pretreatment is carried out on the bulbils, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) illumination and seed soaking treatment
Taking mauve and plump bulbil, soaking in 0.5g/L epsilon-polylysine water solution at 20 deg.C for 24h, and simultaneously, performing illumination treatment on the bulbil during the soaking period, wherein the illumination intensity is 5000Lux, and the illumination period is 12 h;
(2) pregermination treatment
Taking out the pearl buds soaked in the step (1), placing the pearl buds in an environment with the temperature of 23 ℃ and the relative humidity of 75%, accelerating germination under the illumination intensity of 3500Lux, and spraying clear water to the pearl buds during accelerating germination to keep the surfaces of the pearl buds in a wet state, wherein the accelerating germination time is 4 days;
(3) drying treatment
And (3) airing the bud subjected to germination accelerating treatment for 6 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ and under the relative humidity of 55%, wherein no obvious water drops exist on the surface of the bud, and then sowing can be carried out.
Comparative example 3
Pre-seeding pretreatment is carried out on the bulbils, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) illumination and seed soaking treatment
Taking mauve and plump bulbil, soaking in 0.4g/L nisin water solution at 18 ℃ for 20h, and simultaneously, carrying out illumination treatment on the bulbil during the soaking period, wherein the illumination intensity is 3000Lux, and the illumination period is 12 h;
(2) pregermination treatment
Taking out the pearl buds soaked in the step (1), placing the pearl buds in an environment with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60%, accelerating germination under the illumination intensity of 4000Lux, and spraying clear water to the pearl buds during the accelerating germination so as to keep the surfaces of the pearl buds in a wet state, wherein the accelerating germination time is 4 days;
(3) drying treatment
And (3) airing the bud subjected to pregermination for 8h under the environment conditions of 22 ℃ and 54% of relative humidity, wherein no obvious water drops exist on the surface of the bud, and then sowing can be carried out.
Comparative example 4
Pre-seeding pretreatment is carried out on the bulbils, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) illumination and seed soaking treatment
Taking mauve and plump bulbil, soaking in 0.6g/L natamycin water solution at 15 deg.C for 36h, and simultaneously, performing illumination treatment on the bulbil during the soaking period, wherein the illumination intensity is 6000Lux, and the illumination period is 12 h;
(2) pregermination treatment
Taking out the pearl buds soaked in the seed soaking treatment in the step (1), then placing the pearl buds in an environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65%, accelerating germination under the illumination intensity of 3200Lux, and spraying clear water on the pearl buds during the accelerating germination period to keep the surfaces of the pearl buds in a wet state, wherein the accelerating germination time is 5 days;
(3) drying treatment
And (3) airing the bud subjected to germination accelerating treatment for 10 hours under the environment conditions of 24 ℃ and 60% of relative humidity, wherein no obvious water drops exist on the surface of the bud, and then sowing can be carried out.
Comparative example 5
Pre-seeding pretreatment is carried out on the bulbils, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) illumination and seed soaking treatment
Soaking the mauve and plump bulbil in 750 times of carbendazim solution at 16 deg.C for 48h, and simultaneously, irradiating the bulbil during the soaking period with illumination intensity of 5000Lux and illumination period of 12 h;
(2) pregermination treatment
Taking out the pearl buds soaked in the seed soaking treatment in the step (1), then placing the pearl buds in an environment with the temperature of 24 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65%, accelerating germination under the illumination intensity of 3200Lux, and spraying 0.2g/L chitosan water solution on the pearl buds during the accelerating germination period to keep the surfaces of the pearl buds in a wet state, wherein the accelerating germination time is 5 days;
(3) drying treatment
And (3) airing the bud subjected to germination accelerating treatment for 8 hours at the temperature of 24 ℃ under the relative humidity of 60%, wherein no obvious water drops exist on the surface of the bud, and then sowing can be carried out.
Comparative example 6
Pre-seeding pretreatment is carried out on the bulbils, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) illumination and seed soaking treatment
Soaking the purple red and plump bulbil in clear water solution at 16 deg.C for 24h, and simultaneously performing illumination treatment on the bulbil during the soaking period, wherein the illumination intensity is 5000Lux and the illumination period is 12 h;
(2) pregermination treatment
Taking out the pearl buds soaked in the seed soaking treatment in the step (1), then placing the pearl buds in an environment with the temperature of 22 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65%, accelerating germination under the illumination intensity of 3200Lux, and spraying 0.2g/L chitosan water solution on the pearl buds during the accelerating germination period to keep the surfaces of the pearl buds in a wet state, wherein the accelerating germination time is 5 days;
(3) drying treatment
And (3) airing the bud subjected to germination accelerating treatment for 8 hours at the temperature of 24 ℃ under the relative humidity of 60%, wherein no obvious water drops exist on the surface of the bud, and then sowing can be carried out.
Comparative example 7
Pre-seeding pretreatment is carried out on the bulbils, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) illumination and seed soaking treatment
Selecting mauve and plump bulbil, placing the mauve and plump bulbil into a mixed water solution formed by epsilon-polylysine, nisin and natamycin, wherein the concentration of the epsilon-polylysine is 0.2g/L, the concentration of the nisin is 0.3g/L and the concentration of the natamycin is 0.5g/L, soaking the mauve in the mixed water solution for 24 hours at the ambient temperature of 20 ℃, and not carrying out light treatment during the soaking period;
(2) pregermination treatment
Taking out the pearl buds soaked in the seed soaking treatment in the step (1), placing the pearl buds in an environment with the temperature of 22 ℃ and the relative humidity of 75% for accelerating germination, spraying 0.1g/L of chitosan water solution on the pearl buds during the accelerating germination period to keep the surfaces of the pearl buds in a wet state, wherein the accelerating germination time is 3 days, and no light is used during the accelerating germination period;
(3) drying treatment
And (3) airing the bud subjected to pregermination for 6h under the environment conditions of 22 ℃ and 58% of relative humidity, wherein no obvious water drops exist on the surface of the bud, and sowing can be carried out.
Examples of the experiments
The germination capacity test was performed on the beads of 4 treatment groups of examples 1 to 4 and 7 control groups of comparative examples 1 to 7 as follows.
Planting bulbil
Firstly, sowing: respectively randomly taking 100 bulblets of the treatment group and 100 bulblets of the control group, and sowing in the soil in rows of 10 bulblets in each row for 10 rows; wherein the treated bulblets are those provided in examples 1-4 and the control bulblets are those provided in comparative examples 1-6;
secondly, covering soil after sowing, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is about 1.5 cm;
and (III) after the soil covering is finished, placing the seeds in a natural environment condition, and waiting for the seeds to germinate. Watering every 3d in the germination process to keep the soil moist. Treatment and control groups were set up in 3 replicates each.
Second, germination capacity test
And (3) calculating the germination standard and the germination capacity:
and (3) detecting the germination capacity (germination potential and germination rate) of the bead buds subjected to the pregermination treatment through a soil planting experiment, and finally taking the length of the sprouts, which are obtained after the bead buds break the soil, of more than or equal to 0.5cm as a standard of normal germination.
The germination rate and the germination potential of the pearl buds are respectively calculated according to the following formulas:
the germination potential (%) - (number of budding bead buds in 15 d/number of test bead buds) × 100%;
the germination percentage (%) was (number of all germinated beads/number of test beads in 21 d) × 100%.
Third, results and analysis
The germination number was counted by day and the data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The germination vigor and germination rate were calculated from the number of sprouts and the results are shown in FIG. 1.
As can be seen from Table 1 and FIG. 1, the stored bulbels, treated by examples 1-4 respectively, have good growth vigor and germination rate of more than 90%, which indicates that the pretreatment before the seeds can break the characteristics of long dormancy time and slow growth of the bulbels. The germination vigor and the germination rate of the non-soaked and pregerminated bulblets, particularly the bulblets in the comparative example 1, are only 12% and 20% of those of the bulblets treated by the composite soaking agent (the bulblets in the example 4). It can be seen that the beads without any treatment were not suitable for sowing.
The germination rate of the bulbels gradually becomes stable after 18 days, the germination rate of the bulbels of the control group is lower than 50 percent, and the germination rate of the bulbels of the treatment group is higher than 90 percent, which indicates that one or three of epsilon-polylysine, nisin and natamycin are used for soaking seeds in a mixed manner and are combined with chitosan for accelerating germination, and the germination vigor and the germination rate of the bulbels after treatment are obviously improved. Specifically, comparing example 1 and comparative example 2, example 2 and comparative example 3, example 3 and comparative example 4, respectively, the germination vigor and germination rate of the treated beads of the example group are significantly higher than those of the corresponding comparative example group, and the difference exists in the treatment that the example group uses the chitosan aqueous solution during the pregermination, while the comparative example group uses clear water during the pregermination, sprays the beads with the clear water, and also keeps the surfaces of the beads in a wet state, but the effect of using the chitosan aqueous solution of the present invention is far from being achieved. Therefore, the chitosan and the active ingredients in the previous soaking solution generate a synergistic interaction effect, and an unexpected technical effect is achieved.
As shown in FIG. 1, the germination potential of the bead buds treated in examples 1-4 is higher than 70%, and the germination rate is more than 90%. Among them, example 4 showed a maximum of 86% in germination potential and a germination rate of 93%. Comparative example 1 had the lowest germination vigor and germination rate, 11% and 19%, respectively. Comparative examples 2-6 the germination potential of the bead buds is lower than 40%, and the germination rate is lower than 50%. In comparative example 5, the germination accelerating treatment is carried out by using the carbendazim which is a medicament commonly used for disinfecting rice seeds in production and combining chitosan, and experiments show that the germination vigor and the germination rate are lower than those of the germination accelerating treatment by using the chitosan alone (comparative example 6), which indicates that the carbendazim is not suitable for the seed soaking and the germination accelerating of a nutrition organ, namely bulbil. Comparative example 6 is a group treated by accelerating germination with chitosan alone, and the germination potential and the germination rate were 37% and 50% in this order. Comparative example 7 was not subjected to light treatment in both the soaking and germination accelerating processes, and had germination vigor and germination percentage of 64% and 80% in this order, which were significantly lower than those of the beads treated in example 4.
The growth process observation shows that the treated bulbils in the examples 1 to 4 have high germination rate and good shoot uniformity. Comparative example 1 germinated slowly, the emergence of seedlings was rare, and the surface was found to be blackened and dry rot after the non-germinated bulbels were dug out. Comparative examples 2-7 the germination of the bulbils was slow and the sprouts were ragged.
As explained above, the epsilon-polylysine, the nisin and the natamycin are respectively combined with the chitosan, or the epsilon-polylysine, the nisin and the natamycin are combined with the chitosan to be used as the pre-seed pretreatment agent, and the pre-seed pregermination treatment is carried out on the pearl buds under the appropriate environmental conditions by matching with the illumination, so that the germination rate of the soil planting can be effectively improved, and the pre-seed pregermination agent can be used for artificially planting the seed sources of the polygonum minus bud in large scale to ensure the germination rate.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. A method for pre-treating bulbil of polygonum bulbil by using a traditional Chinese medicine pre-treating agent before seed planting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) soaking the polygonum bulbil in a soaking solution, and performing illumination treatment in the soaking process, wherein the illumination treatment is performed by adopting sunlight or LED (light-emitting diode) light, the illumination intensity is 3000-9000 Lux, the illumination time is 12 hours, and the bulbil is taken out after the soaking is finished; and
(2) placing the bud beads treated in the step (1) under illumination for accelerating germination, wherein the illumination is performed by sunlight or LED light, the illumination intensity is 3000-6000 Lux, and a germination accelerating treatment liquid is sprayed on the bud beads in the germination accelerating process for 3-5 days;
wherein the traditional Chinese medicine seed pretreatment agent comprises a soaking solution and a germination accelerating treatment solution; the effective components in the soaking solution comprise at least one of epsilon-polylysine with the concentration of 0.1-0.5 g/L, nisin with the concentration of 0.3-0.6 g/L and natamycin with the concentration of 0.2-0.6 g/L; the germination accelerating treatment liquid is a chitosan water solution with the concentration of 0.05-0.2 g/L.
2. The method for pre-seed pretreatment according to claim 1, wherein the effective components of the soaking solution comprise epsilon-polylysine, nisin and natamycin, the concentration of the epsilon-polylysine is 0.1-0.5 g/L, the concentration of the nisin is 0.3-0.6 g/L, and the concentration of the natamycin is 0.2-0.6 g/L.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the soaking temperature is 15-20 ℃ and the soaking time is 12-36 h.
4. The method for pre-seed pretreatment according to claim 1, wherein the light irradiation treatment in the step (2) is performed at 10-18 ℃ and 60-80% of relative humidity, and the germination accelerating time is 3-5 days.
5. The method of pre-seed pretreatment according to claim 4, wherein the beads after pregermination treatment are air-dried at 20 to 25 ℃ for 6 to 12 hours and then used for seeding.
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Effective date of registration: 20211008 Address after: Room 302, building 32, 368 Zhen'an Middle Road, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province 523871 Patentee after: Dongguan dongyangguang Cordyceps research and Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: 523871 Room 401, building 32, No. 368, Chang'an Zhen'an Middle Road, Chang'an Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: Dongguan dongyangguang Cordyceps sinensis traditional Chinese Medicine Co.,Ltd. |