CN114890772B - 宜兴釉陶文人盏及其制备方法 - Google Patents

宜兴釉陶文人盏及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114890772B
CN114890772B CN202210434811.7A CN202210434811A CN114890772B CN 114890772 B CN114890772 B CN 114890772B CN 202210434811 A CN202210434811 A CN 202210434811A CN 114890772 B CN114890772 B CN 114890772B
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徐建华
林新超
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JIANGSU PROVINCE CERAMICS RESEARCH INSTITUTE CO LTD
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种陶瓷，尤其是宜兴釉陶文人盏，包括：坯体；高活性窑变涂层，所述高活性窑变涂层设置在所述坯体；及液相分离艺术花釉，所述液相分离艺术花釉设置在所述高活性窑变涂层和/或坯体上；其中，所述宜兴釉陶文人盏通过烧制得到。本发明提供的宜兴釉陶文人盏解决了产品胎体不变形与滋润表观不可兼得的瓶颈性难题，拓宽了产品的表观烧成范围；茶盏内侧通过孤立相对着色金属氧化物不同萃取富集形成广谱的色反差花纹效果，并引入相分离矿化剂的技术手段保证花纹艺术效果的稳定呈现；高活性窑变涂层装饰外侧胎体，使坯体经氧化或还原高温烧成时，均能呈现出一种柴烧质性变化效果。

Description

宜兴釉陶文人盏及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种陶瓷，尤其是宜兴釉陶文人盏及其制备方法。
背景技术
陶瓷茶盏历史上以建阳茶盏最为有名，始于宋代，胎釉均以氧化铁含量高的粘土为主要原料，因此釉是以氧化铁为着色剂的黑釉为基础，通过还原烧成呈现出兔毫、油滴等纹理效果。在装饰风格上以茶盏内外侧全釉覆盖为特征，从古至今艺术效果局限于铁系釉色变化来呈现，坯釉自身的特点决定了装饰效果变化不能从根本上作出突破，无法适应使用者变化发展的审美情趣。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种从根本上拓宽了产品的表观烧成范围、形成广谱的色反差花纹效果、使坯体经氧化或还原高温烧成时均能呈现出一种柴烧质性变化效果的宜兴釉陶文人盏，具体技术方案为：
宜兴釉陶文人盏，包括：坯体；高活性窑变涂层，所述高活性窑变涂层设置在所述坯体；及液相分离艺术花釉，所述液相分离艺术花釉设置在所述高活性窑变涂层和/或坯体上；其中，所述宜兴釉陶文人盏通过烧制得到。
优选的，所述坯体包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：宜兴甲泥32-45份、宜兴白泥22-32份、宜兴米黄泥15-25份、黑泥5-12份、滑石1-3份、锰矿1-4份和碳酸钡1-3份。
优选的，所述高活性窑变涂层包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：宜兴甲泥30-40份、木节土12-18份、苏州土10-15份、硼钙石12-16份、碳酸钡10-15份、氧化铜2-5份、骨灰5-8份和冰晶石5-10份。
优选的，所述液相分离艺术花釉包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：长石25-35份、石英21-26份、方解石7-12份、苏州土6-10份、氧化锌5-10份、钛白粉0-6份、着色剂3-12份、液相分离矿化剂10-15份和滑石1-10份。
进一步的，所述液相分离矿化剂包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：石英10-18份、钛白粉12-20份、骨灰5-10份、方解石10-15份、硼钙石20-28份、玻璃25-35份，其中，上述原料经混合均匀后高温熔制而成。
其中，所述着色剂为Fe2O3、MnO2、CuO2、Co2O3、Ni2O3、Cr2O3中的一种或多种。
优选的，还包括装饰刻蚀，所述装饰刻蚀设置在所述宜兴釉陶文人盏的外表面。
宜兴釉陶文人盏的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、制备坯体、高活性窑变涂层和液相分离艺术花釉；
制备坯体时，泥浆细度万孔筛余1-1.5％，泥料水分22-24％，素烧温度980-1000℃；
制备液相分离艺术花釉时，釉料细度为0.5-0.8％，浓度调到50-55度；
制备高活性窑变涂层时，涂层浆料细度为0.1-0.3％，浓度调到25-30度；
S2、将坯体外表面浸或喷涂高活性窑变涂层；
S3、将设有高活性窑变涂层的坯体浸釉或内侧喷釉；
S4、氧化焰或还原焰烧成。
优选的，所述步骤S4中氧化气氛烧成时：
Figure BDA0003611985610000021
所述还原气氛烧成时：
Figure BDA0003611985610000022
优选的，在烧成后的宜兴釉陶文人盏的外表进行装饰刻蚀。
与现有技术相比本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明提供的宜兴釉陶文人盏坯体以MgO-Fe2O3-MnO2-BaO为复合熔剂，创新性地利用其自渗釉机理，使坯体在吸水率小于3％的非烧结状态都能呈现脂状质感，很好地解决了产品胎体不变形与滋润表观不可兼得的瓶颈性难题，从根本上拓宽了产品的表观烧成范围；茶盏内侧以专门研发的液相分离艺术花釉系列装饰，通过孤立相对着色金属氧化物Fe2O3、MnO2、Co2O3、CuO2、Ni2O3、Cr2O3等的不同萃取富集，形成广谱的色反差花纹效果，并引入相分离矿化剂的技术手段保证花纹艺术效果的稳定呈现；高活性窑变涂层装饰外侧胎体，使坯体经氧化或还原高温烧成时，均能呈现出一种柴烧质性变化效果，结合陶刻茶诗、茶画装饰，内外融为一体，具有宜兴茶文化与陶文化相融合的厚重底蕴，赋予茶盏特有的实用性、科技性、艺术性及人文性特征。
附图说明
图1是实施例一秋忆成品示意图；
图2是实施例一秋忆成品侧视图；
图3是实施例二薰衣草成品示意图；
图4是实施例二薰衣草的成品侧视图；
图5是实施例三海棠醉成品示意图；
图6是实施例三海棠醉成品侧视图。
具体实施方式
现结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
宜兴釉陶文人茶盏是陶炻质胎体以矿化剂稳定的液相分离广色谱花釉结合高活性窑变涂层与陶刻装饰的陶瓷烧成品，其胎体由宜兴甲泥、白泥、米黄泥、黑泥、滑石、碳酸钡及锰矿构成，在吸水率小于3％的非烧结状态都能呈现独特脂状质感；茶盏内侧以专门研发的广色谱的传统风格液相分离艺术花釉系列装饰，由长石、石英、硼钙石、方解石、氧化锌、苏州土、钛白粉、滑石、呈色剂及液相分离矿化剂构成，矿化剂的引入使花釉效果能稳定呈现；高活性窑变涂层装饰外侧胎体，使坯体经氧化或还原高温烧成时，均能呈现出一种柴烧质性变化效果，结合陶刻茶诗、茶画装饰、内外融为一体。
实施例一
如图1所示，宜兴釉陶文人盏“秋忆”：
坯体：宜兴甲泥34份、宜兴白泥25份、宜兴米黄泥25份、黑泥10份、滑石2份、锰矿1份、碳酸钡3份。
液相分离艺术花釉包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：
长石28份、石英21份、方解石7份、苏州土6份、氧化锌6份、钛白粉2份、氧化铁12份、液相分离矿化剂12份、滑石6份。
液相分离矿化剂组成：石英12份、钛白粉18份、骨灰9份、方解石11份、硼钙石22份、玻璃28份，经混合均匀后于1350℃高温熔制。
高活性窑变涂层包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：
宜兴甲泥38份、木节土18份、苏州土12份、硼钙石12份、碳酸钡10份、氧化铜2份、骨灰3份、冰晶石5份。
坯体、液相分离艺术花釉及高活性窑变涂层的制备：
坯体制备工艺为：配料-球磨-压滤-真空练泥-手工拉坯成型-干燥-修坯-素烧。泥浆细度万孔筛余1-1.5％，泥料水分22-24％，素烧温度980-1000℃。
液相分离艺术花釉与高活性窑变涂层的制备工艺：配料-球磨-过筛，釉料细度控制在0.5-0.8％，浓度调到50-55度备用；涂层浆料细度控制在0.1-0.3％，浓度调到25-30度备用。
装饰：坯体外侧浸或喷涂高活性窑变涂层，稍干后涂陶瓷排水剂，然后整件产品浸釉或内侧喷釉，擦去外侧排水剂上的浮釉，口沿处精心修釉。
还原焰烧成：烧成温度1300℃，具体烧成制度如下：
Figure BDA0003611985610000041
外侧陶刻装饰，以茶诗，茶画为题材，赋予茶文化元素。
烧成制度指烧成过程中各阶段气氛、温度及其温度变化速率的具体要求。
实施例二
如图2所示，宜兴釉陶文人盏“薰衣草”
坯体：宜兴甲泥41份、宜兴白泥31份、宜兴米黄泥16份、黑泥5份、滑石1份、锰矿3份、碳酸钡3份。
液相分离艺术花釉包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：
长石25份、石英24份、方解石8份、苏州土8份、氧化锌9份、钛白粉0份、氧化钴6份、液相分离矿化剂10份、滑石10份。
液相分离矿化剂组成为：石英10份、钛白粉12份、骨灰5份、方解石14份、硼钙石26份、玻璃33份，经混合均匀后于1350℃高温熔制。
高活性窑变涂层包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：
宜兴甲泥30份、木节土12份、苏州土14份、硼钙石14份、碳酸钡12份、氧化铜4份、骨灰4份、冰晶石10份。
坯体与液相分离艺术花釉及高活性窑变涂层的制备：
坯体制备工艺为：配料-球磨-压滤-真空练泥-手工拉坯成型-干燥-修坯-素烧。泥浆细度万孔筛余1-1.5％，泥料水分22-24％，素烧温度980-1000℃；
液相分离艺术花釉与高活性窑变涂层的制备工艺：配料-球磨-过筛，釉料细度控制在0.5-0.8％，浓度调到50-55度备用；涂层浆料细度控制在0.1-0.3％，浓度调到25-30度备用。
装饰：坯体外侧浸或喷涂高活性窑变涂层，稍干后涂陶瓷排水剂，然后整件产品浸釉或内侧喷釉，擦去外侧排水剂上的浮釉，口沿处精心修釉。
氧化焰烧成，烧成温度1280℃，具体烧成制度如下：
氧化气氛烧成：
Figure BDA0003611985610000051
Figure BDA0003611985610000061
外侧陶刻装饰，以茶诗，茶画为题材，赋予茶文化元素。
实施例三
如图3所示，宜兴釉陶文人盏“海棠醉”
坯体：宜兴甲泥38份、宜兴白泥27份、宜兴米黄泥20份、黑泥7份、滑石3份、锰矿2份、碳酸钡3份。
液相分离艺术花釉包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：
长石31份、石英22份、方解石10份、苏州土7份、氧化锌5份、钛白粉3份、氧化锰6份、氧化铜1份、液相分离矿化剂14份、滑石1份。
液相分离矿化剂组成：石英18份、钛白粉15份、骨灰7份、方解石10份、硼钙石20份、玻璃30份，经混合均匀后于1350℃高温熔制。
高活性窑变涂层包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：
宜兴甲泥32份、木节土14份、苏州土10份、硼钙石13份、碳酸钡15份、氧化铜3份、骨灰5份、冰晶石8份。
坯体与液相分离艺术花釉及高活性窑变涂层的制备：
坯体制备工艺为：配料-球磨-压滤-真空练泥-手工拉坯成型-干燥-修坯-素烧。泥浆细度万孔筛余1-1.5％，泥料水分22-24％，素烧温度980-1000℃；
液相分离艺术花釉与高活性窑变涂层的制备工艺：配料-球磨-过筛，釉料细度控制在0.5-0.8％，浓度调到50-55度备用；涂层浆料细度控制在0.1-0.3％，浓度调到25-30度备用。
装饰：坯体外侧浸或喷涂高活性窑变涂层，稍干后涂陶瓷排水剂，然后整件产品浸釉或内侧喷釉，擦去外侧排水剂上的浮釉，口沿处精心修釉。
还原焰烧成：烧成温度1300℃，具体烧成制度如下：
还原气氛烧成：
Figure BDA0003611985610000062
Figure BDA0003611985610000071
外侧陶刻装饰：以茶诗，茶画为题材，赋予茶文化元素。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的技术原理。这些描述只是为了解释本发明的原理，而不能以任何方式解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。基于此处的解释，本领域的技术人员不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联想到本发明的其它具体实施方式，这些方式都将落入本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (3)

1.宜兴釉陶文人盏的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、制备坯体、高活性窑变涂层和液相分离艺术花釉；
制备坯体时，泥浆细度万孔筛余1-1.5%，泥料水分22-24%，素烧温度980-1000℃；
制备液相分离艺术花釉时，釉料细度为0.5-0.8%，浓度调到50-55度；
制备高活性窑变涂层时，涂层浆料细度为0.1-0.3%，浓度调到25-30度；
S2、将坯体外表面浸或喷涂高活性窑变涂层；
S3、将设有高活性窑变涂层的坯体浸液相分离艺术花釉或内侧喷液相分离艺术花釉；
S4、氧化焰或还原焰烧成；
其中，所述坯体包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：
宜兴甲泥32-45份、宜兴白泥22-32份、宜兴米黄泥15-25份、黑泥5-12份、滑石1-3份、锰矿1-4份和碳酸钡1-3份；
所述高活性窑变涂层包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：
宜兴甲泥30-40份、木节土12-18份、苏州土10-15份、硼钙石12-16份、碳酸钡10-15份、氧化铜2-5份、骨灰5-8份和冰晶石5-10份；
所述液相分离艺术花釉包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：
长石25-35份、石英21-26份、方解石7-12份、苏州土6-10份、氧化锌5-10份、钛白粉0-6份、着色剂3-12份、液相分离矿化剂10-15份和滑石1-10份；
所述液相分离矿化剂包括以下原料按照重量份数制成：
石英10-18份、钛白粉12-20份、骨灰5-10份、方解石10-15份、硼钙石20-28份、玻璃25-35份，其中，上述原料经混合均匀后高温熔制而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的宜兴釉陶文人盏的制备方法，其特征在于，
所述步骤S4中氧化气氛烧成时：
室温-300℃ 2.2-2.6小时；
300-700℃   1.2-1.6小时；
700-1280℃  4.8-5.2小时；
1280℃      0.5-0.8小时；
1280-1130℃  0.2-0.25小时；
1130℃      0.5-0.6小时；
1130-980℃   1.2-1.6小时；
980℃-室温   2.1-2.5小时；
所述还原气氛烧成时：
室温-950℃  氧化气氛 CO=0    3.2-3.5小时；
950℃        氧化气氛 CO=0    0.5-0.8小时；
950-1150℃   强还原气氛 CO=2-6%    2.5-2.8小时；
1150-1300℃  弱还原气氛 CO=1-2%    2.0-2.5小时；
1300℃      弱还原气氛 CO=1-2%    0.5-0.8小时；
1300-1100℃中性气氛   CO＜1%    1.2-1.4小时；
1100℃-室温   氧化气氛  CO=0       2.8-3.2小时。
3.根据权利要求1所述的宜兴釉陶文人盏的制备方法，其特征在于，在烧成后的宜兴釉陶文人盏的外表进行装饰刻蚀。
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