CN114885688A - Kiwi fruit micro-root grafting and cuttage method - Google Patents
Kiwi fruit micro-root grafting and cuttage method Download PDFInfo
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- 244000298697 Actinidia deliciosa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 184
- 235000009434 Actinidia chinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000219068 Actinidia Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005971 1-naphthylacetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005135 Micromeria juliana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007315 Satureja hortensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000002114 Satureja hortensis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000298715 Actinidia chinensis Species 0.000 abstract description 23
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000246354 Satureja Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
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- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of kiwi fruit propagation, and particularly relates to a micro-root grafting and cutting method for kiwi fruits. The invention cuts a wound which is inclined downwards at the middle upper part of the cutting, and a root is connected to the cutting wound. On one hand, the base of the cutting shoots grows out of the callus and further grows out of the root system, and on the other hand, the second set of root system is formed after the root grafting at the cutting shoot wound is survived, so that the whole kiwi fruit cutting shoot forms two sets of root systems. The micro-root grafting and cuttage method of kiwi fruits is different from the traditional cuttage method, and by grafting roots on the cutting slips, the problem of low rooting rate of cuttage of Chinese kiwi fruit varieties or delicious kiwi fruit varieties is solved, and further the industrial seedling culture is realized. Meanwhile, the method can obviously shorten the production period and save the high-cost steps of tissue culture or culture medium configuration and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of kiwi fruit propagation, and particularly relates to a kiwi fruit micro-root grafting and cuttage method.
Background
Kiwi fruit is known as the king of fruit, has wide application and is deeply loved by consumers. China is used as a kiwi fruit origin and has abundant germplasm resources. The propagation method is particularly important for protecting, reasonably developing and continuously utilizing the germplasm resources of the kiwi fruits.
The kiwi fruit breeding method mainly comprises a seed seedling method, a grafting seedling method, a stem (tip) tissue culture method and a cutting seedling method. The cutting seedling method can maintain the excellent properties of the stock plant, blossom and fruit in advance, and propagate a neat and uniform plant. However, the cuttage technology applied to kiwi fruits of the delicacy line and the Zhonghua line has poor effect, the rooting rate is low, and the seedlings cannot be produced in batch and in order, so a method with high rooting rate needs to be found, and the seedlings can be produced in batch and in order.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a kiwi fruit micro-root-grafting cutting method, which can overcome the problem of insufficient nutrient supply of bud bodies of early-stage cutting slips by grafting roots on the basis of cutting and can improve the rooting rate of cutting.
The invention provides a kiwi fruit micro-root grafting and cuttage method, which comprises the following steps:
cutting an obliquely downward wound at the middle upper part of the cutting, and connecting a root at the wound;
binding the interface of the cutting and the root;
soaking the cutting below the interface of the cutting and the root in a rooting solution;
cutting the cutting slips soaked in the rooting solution;
the variety of the cutting slips comprises a Chinese-line kiwi fruit variety or a delicious-line kiwi fruit variety.
Preferably, the thickness of the cutting is less than 1 cm.
Preferably, when the variety of the cutting is Chinese actinidia, the length of the cutting is less than 7 cm; when the variety of the cutting slip is a delicious kiwi fruit variety, the length of the cutting slip is less than 8 cm.
Preferably, the Chinese actinidia variety comprises 'agricultural Kiwi'; the savory kiwifruit variety includes 'slow scent'.
Preferably, 1 full bud is reserved on the cutting shoot; and (3) horizontally shearing 1-1.5 cm above the bud eye of the full bud, reserving 1 leaf and shearing the reserved leaf to 1/4.
Preferably, the rooted variety includes ' dock No. 1'.
Preferably, the thickness of the root is 1-1.5 mm; the length of the root is 3-5 cm.
Preferably, the length of the scion is more than 3 cm; the distance between the wound and the top of the cutting is 1.5 cm; the angle of the wound is 45 degrees obliquely downwards; the depth of the wound exceeds the cambium by 0.1 cm; the length of the wound is 0.5-0.8 cm.
Preferably, the rooting solution takes water as a solvent and comprises the following components in concentration: 50 to 70 mg.L -1 Naphthylacetic acid and 20-30 mg.L -1 Carbendazim;
preferably, the plant spacing of the cuttage is 10 cm; the row spacing of the cuttage is 10 cm.
The invention provides a kiwi fruit micro-root grafting and cuttage method. The invention cuts an oblique downward wound at the middle upper part of the cutting slip, and a root is connected to the cutting slip wound. On one hand, the base of the cutting shoots grows out of the callus and further grows out of the root system, and on the other hand, the second set of root system is formed after the root grafting at the cutting shoot wound is survived, so that the whole kiwi fruit cutting shoot forms two sets of root systems. The micro-root grafting cutting method of the kiwi fruit is different from the traditional cutting method, and solves the problem of low rooting rate of the cuttage of Chinese kiwi fruit such as 'nong' Kiwi and delicious kiwi fruit such as 'Xuxiang' by grafting roots on the cutting slips, thereby realizing industrial seedling raising. Meanwhile, the method can obviously shorten the production period and save the high-cost steps of tissue culture or culture medium configuration and the like.
The 'agricultural Kiwi berry' can heal the root and the cutting head in 20 days, and the root system has new root system, the germination and rooting rate of the cutting head is 90% or higher, and the plant grows robustly. The 'slow-fragrant' kiwi fruit generally needs 30 days, the root grafting and the cutting joint are well healed, a new root system grows out, the germination and rooting rate of the cutting can reach 80% or more, and the plant grows robustly. The method is simple and easy to operate, reduces the seedling raising cost, ensures the survival rate of the cutting seedlings, is suitable for the industrial seedling raising operation practice, and improves the economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a root with smooth, opposite, unequal-profile wedges cut to form long and short facets;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the alignment of the "U" shape of the root cutting surface with the "U" shape of the cutting surface of the cutting shoot;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the micro-root grafting and cuttage method for Actinidia deliciosa of example 1, wherein A, No. 1' dock root grafting material is prepared; B. selecting small roots with the thickness of 1-1.5 mm and the length of 3-5 cm on the root grafting material; C. taking off the small root from the root; D. a wound inclined downwards by 45 degrees is formed on the opposite surface of the bud at a position 1.5cm away from the top of the cutting slips; E. carrying out horizontal shearing at a position 1-1.5 cm above bud eyes of full buds, reserving 1 leaf and shearing the reserved leaf to 1/4; F. successfully grafting the micro-roots into plants; G. the micro-root grafting is successful, and the plant is in the state of the matrix.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a kiwi fruit micro-root grafting and cuttage method, which comprises the following steps:
cutting an obliquely downward wound at the middle upper part of the cutting, and connecting a root at the wound;
binding the interface of the cutting and the root;
soaking the cutting below the interface of the cutting and the root in a rooting solution;
cutting the cutting slips soaked in the rooting solution;
the variety of the cutting slips comprises a Chinese-line kiwi fruit variety or a delicious-line kiwi fruit variety.
The invention firstly scratches an oblique downward wound on the middle upper part of a cutting slip, and a root is connected to the wound.
In the present invention, the thickness of the cutting is preferably < 1cm, and more preferably 0.8 to 1.0 cm. In the invention, when the variety of the cutting is Chinese actinidia, the length of the cutting is preferably less than 7cm, and more preferably 5-7 cm; when the variety of the cutting slip is a delicious kiwi fruit variety, the length of the cutting slip is preferably less than 8cm, and more preferably 6-8 cm. In the present invention, 1 full bud is retained on the cutting; and (3) horizontally shearing 1-1.5 cm above the bud eye of the full bud, reserving 1 leaf and shearing the reserved leaf to 1/4. In the present invention, the base of the cutting slip preferably has a bevel of 40 to 50 °, and the angle of the bevel of the base of the cutting slip is more preferably 45 °. In the invention, the cutting shoot is preferably selected from robust current-year-old plant-pest-free twigs on the periphery of a crown. The branches on the periphery of the crown are convenient to obtain, and the male tree and the female tree are selected to mainly see the number of buds, the number of buds of the male tree is large or see whether flowers have ovary or not, and the flowers of the female tree have ovary.
In the present invention, the length of the scion is preferably > 3 cm; the distance between the wound and the top of the cutting is preferably 1.5 cm; the angle of the wound is preferably 45 degrees downwards, and the wound faces the ground; the wound is preferably a cut made with a knife; the depth of the wound is preferably 0.1cm beyond the cambium; the length of the wound is preferably 0.5-08 cm, and more preferably 0.6-0.7 cm.
When the micro-root grafting cuttage is carried out, half or nearly half of the length of the cutting is often inserted into the matrix, if a wound is scratched at the lower part of the cutting, the wound is wet, so that the joint part of the scion and the cutting is not easy to heal, callus is not easy to grow or rot, the root is grafted at the upper part or the top end of the cutting, the part of the root system below the joint after the scion and the cutting is well grafted is exposed outside, the water absorption is difficult due to serious water loss of the root system, and the healing of the wound of the scion and the cutting is not facilitated. The middle-upper part is selected to prevent the interface from directly contacting with the substrate to be stained with water and rotten, so that callus is easy to grow out, and most root systems below the interface are contacted with the substrate after the scions are well grafted, so that the healing of the scions and the cutting wounds is facilitated.
In the invention, the Chinese actinidia variety preferably comprises 'agricultural Kiwi'; the savory kiwifruit variety includes 'slow scent'. 'nongda Jinxian' is one of Chinese kiwi fruit, and 'xuxiang' is one of delicious kiwi fruit. In the production, the planting areas of the 'agricultural Kiwi' and 'Xuxiang' Kiwi varieties are relatively large, but the cuttage is difficult to root, and the rooting rate is low even if the cuttage roots. The scheme of the invention can solve the problem that the Chinese actinidia variety and the delicious actinidia variety are difficult to root by cutting in production.
In the present invention, the rooted variety includes ' dock No. 1'. In the invention, the ' dock No. 1' has strong resistance, fast rooting and 100 percent rooting rate, is beneficial to fast batch propagation and meets the requirements of industrial production. The invention takes ' depressed 1' as root-connecting material, which has significant promotion effect on the propagation of 'agricultural Kiwi' Kiwi fruit and 'slow-fragrant' Kiwi fruit, greatly improves the production value of the invention, and obviously shortens the cutting rooting period. In the invention, the thickness of the root grafting is preferably 1-1.5 mm; the length of the root is preferably 3-5 cm; the surface of the root is preferably cleaned.
In the present invention, before the root is inserted into the wound, it is preferable that the method further comprises cutting a smooth wedge with opposite unequal surfaces on the root to form a long cutting surface and a short cutting surface (as shown in fig. 1), and the tool used is preferably a sterilized cutting knife; the cutting edge of the cutting and connecting knife is sharp. In the invention, the wedge-shaped surface is long, namely a long cutting surface, the length is preferably 0.5-0.8 cm, the length of the wedge-shaped surface is the same as that of a cutting edge of a cutting shoot, the wedge-shaped surface is connected and inosculated with the cutting edge, and an included angle between the long cutting surface and a longitudinal section of a root graft is 30 degrees. The other wedge-shaped surface is short, namely the short cutting surface, the length is preferably 0.2cm, and the included angle between the short cutting surface and the longitudinal section of the root is 45 degrees. In the invention, the cambium of the root-growing chamfer is at least aligned with one end of the cambium at the wound of the cutting slip.
The cambium is approximately annular when the cross section of the root and the cutting is observed, the root is cut into a wedge shape according to the requirements, the cut surface is U-shaped, and the wound surface of the cutting is also U-shaped. When in root grafting, the U shape of the root cutting surface is ensured to be aligned with the U shape of the cutting surface of the cutting ear, or at least the U shape of the root cutting surface is ensured to be aligned with one end of the U shape of the cutting surface of the cutting ear (as shown in figure 2).
After the grafting root is accessed at the wound, the invention binds the interface of the cutting shoot and the grafting root. In the invention, the binding is carried out by adopting a waterproof binding belt; the binding is tight and overlapped along one direction, so that the smooth and unsmooth upper end of the joint after binding is ensured.
After binding the interface of the cutting and the root, the invention soaks the cutting below the interface of the cutting and the root in a rooting solution. In the present invention, the soaking time is preferably 5 min; and the interface of the cutting and the root grafting is not stained with a rooting solution.
In the invention, the rooting solution takes water as a solvent, and preferably comprises the following components in concentration: 50 to 70 mg.L -1 Naphthylacetic acid and 20-30 mg.L -1 Carbendazim, more preferably comprising the following concentrations of components: 60 mg. L -1 Naphthylacetic acid and 25 mg. L -1 Carbendazim.
After the cutting slips at the position below the interface of the cutting slips and the grafting roots are soaked in the rooting solution, the cutting slips soaked in the rooting solution are subjected to cutting. In the invention, the plant spacing of the cuttage is preferably 10 cm; the row spacing of the cuttage is preferably 10 cm; the cutting depth is preferably based on the fact that the interface just exposes out of the substrate. In the invention, the substrate used for cuttage is preferably subjected to sterilization treatment, and the substrate preferably comprises vermiculite and perlite; the volume ratio of the vermiculite to the perlite is preferably 2: 1; in the invention, the vermiculite is preferably composed of vermiculite with the diameter less than or equal to 0.6mm, vermiculite with the diameter less than or equal to 1.0mm and more than 0.6mm, vermiculite with the diameter less than or equal to 1.40mm and vermiculite with the diameter more than 1.40 mm; the volume ratio of vermiculite with the diameter less than or equal to 0.6mm, vermiculite with the diameter less than or equal to 1.0mm and more than 0.6mm, vermiculite with the diameter less than or equal to 1.40mm and vermiculite with the diameter more than 1.40mm is preferably 0.5: 1.5: 1.5: 1. the physical property of the vermiculite particles is determined by the composition of the vermiculite particles, and the influence on the respiration of stem segments of the cutting seedlings and the growth and development in later period is great. The newly purchased vermiculite with different particle sizes is sieved and classified, and the effect of the vermiculite with the particle size in a single application range is obviously inferior to that of the vermiculite with the particle size in a mixed ratio. In the vermiculite with the grain diameter in the mixed proportion, when the volume ratio of the medium-sized grain vermiculite is larger, the stem section of the cuttage seedling is favorable for breathing, the cuttage rooting is favorable, and the thickening growth of the root system is also favorable; when the volume ratio of the smaller particles is large, water accumulation is excessive, the callus part at the base part of the stem section for cuttage is not easy to heal, and the phenomenon of decay is easy to occur; when the volume ratio of the larger particles is larger, the thickening growth of the root system in the later period is facilitated, but the cuttage rooting is also not facilitated due to the poor water retention in the early period. The comprehensive selection of medium (the vermiculite with the diameter of more than 0.6mm and less than or equal to 1.0mm and the vermiculite with the diameter of more than 1.0mm and less than or equal to 1.40mm are divided into medium) particle vermiculite volume ratio is most ideal. In the invention, the sterilization mode is preferably high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization, and the sterilization temperature is preferably 121 ℃; the time for the sterilization is preferably 20 min.
In the invention, watering is preferably carried out after cuttage so as to preserve moisture, and the watering amount is preferably 60-70% of the relative water content of the substrate; the cutting depth is preferably 1/2-3/5 cutting shoot length, and the part of the grafting root inserted into the substrate is preferably 2/3-3/4 of the length of the grafting root.
After the cuttage, the method preferably further comprises cultivation, wherein the cultivation air humidity is preferably 85% -90%; the cultivation temperature is preferably 20-30 ℃, and more preferably 25 ℃; the illumination intensity of the cultivation is preferably not less than 2000 Lx; the time of illumination per day is preferably 12 hours. During the growth phase of the cultivation, it is preferable to further include weeding.
The micro-root grafting and cuttage method for the kiwi fruits is easy to master, simple in procedure, strong in practicability and short in propagation process time. The method is suitable for the industrialized rapid propagation of Chinese actinidia chinensis by taking 'agricultural Kiwi' as an example and delicious kiwi fruit by taking 'slow fragrance' as an example, and solves the technical problems of long period, low survival rate and small seedling quantity of conventional seedlings, cutting seedlings and the like.
Unless otherwise specified, the present invention does not require any particular source of the raw materials used, and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art may be used.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
This example shows a method for micro-root cutting of Actinidia chinensis planch, which comprises the following steps:
(1) matrix sterilization and disinfection
Sieving vermiculite and perlite, bagging, tying, cleaning the matrix outside the bag, placing into an iron mesh barrel, and placing into an autoclave. Set 121 ℃ and sterilize for 20 minutes. Then, the vermiculite and the perlite are uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 2:1 to be used as a cutting medium.
(2) Collection of propagation material
Selecting strong and healthy twigs without diseases and insect pests on the periphery of a crown, and collecting the kiwi fruit branches of the agricultural Kiwi berry with the thickness of 0.8-1.0 cm and not more than 1.0 cm. Cutting branches collected by the 'agricultural Kiwi' into 5-7 cm, but not more than 7 cm. And reserving a full bud on the cutting, performing horizontal shearing at a position 1-1.5 cm above a bud eye, reserving 1 leaf, reserving 1/4 the reserved leaf, and quickly cutting the base part of the cutting into an inclined opening of about 45 degrees.
(3) Preparation of root-grafting Material
Preparing a cutting plant ' depressed No. 1', selecting small roots with the thickness of 1-1.5 mm and the length of 3-5 cm, and cleaning the surface to be used as a root grafting material.
(4) Micro root joint
When the micro-root is grafted, a 45-degree wound is lightly scratched by a knife at the position of 1.5cm above the middle part of the cutting shoot, and the wound faces the ground. The depth of the wound is 0.1cm higher than the cambium and the length is 0.5-0.8 cm. And (3) similarly cutting a long sliced surface of 0.5-0.8 cm and a short sliced surface of 0.2cm from the root. The cambium of the long cutting surface of the root is at least aligned with one end of the cambium at the wound of the cutting slip.
(5) Interface binding
And (4) binding by using a waterproof binding belt, wherein the binding needs to be tightly and overlappingly bound along one direction. The smooth and unsmooth upper end of the connector after binding is ensured.
(6) Root soaking solution for root grafting and cutting base
Prepared 50 mg.L -1 Naphthylacetic acid +20 mg. L -1 The carbendazim rooting solution is prepared by soaking the base parts of the cuttings with the grafted roots and the parts below the root grafting wounds in the rooting solution for 5min, wherein the root grafting openings are not stained with the rooting solution as much as possible.
(7) Cutting
Cutting the cutting slips at a plant row spacing of 10cm multiplied by 10cm, wherein the cutting depth is that the cutting openings just expose the matrix, namely 1/2-3/5 of the cutting slip length are inserted into the matrix, and the part of the grafting root inserted into the matrix is 2/3-3/4 of the length of the grafting root. After the cutting, a small amount of water is poured for moisture preservation.
(8) Post-cuttage management
After cuttage, the air humidity is kept between 85 and 90 percent, the temperature is kept at about 25 ℃, the illumination intensity is not lower than 2000Lx, and the illumination time is 12 hours. During the growing period, the weeds are pulled out timely.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a 'slow fragrance' kiwi fruit micro-root grafting and cuttage method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) matrix sterilization and disinfection
Respectively sieving vermiculite and perlite, bagging, tying the opening, cleaning the matrix outside the bag, placing into an iron mesh barrel, and placing into an autoclave. Set 121 ℃ and sterilize for 20 minutes. Then, the vermiculite and the perlite are uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 2:1 to be used as a cutting medium.
(2) Collection of propagation material
Selecting strong and healthy twigs without diseases and insect pests on the periphery of a crown, and collecting the twigs of the 'slow fragrance' kiwi fruit with the thickness of 0.8-1.0 cm and not more than 1.0 cm. Cutting branches collected by the 'slow-fragrance' kiwi fruit into 6-8 cm, but not more than 8 cm. And reserving a full bud on the cutting shoot, performing flat shearing at a position 1-1.5 cm above a bud eye, reserving 1 leaf, reserving 1/4 the reserved leaf, and quickly cutting the base part of the cutting shoot into an oblique opening of about 45 degrees.
(3) Preparation of root-grafting Material
Preparing a cutting plant ' depressed No. 1', selecting small roots with the thickness of 1-1.5 mm and the length of 3-5 cm, and cleaning the surface to be used as a root grafting material.
(4) Micro root joint
When the micro-root is grafted, a 45-degree wound is lightly scratched by a knife at the position of 1.5cm above the middle part of the cutting shoot, and the wound faces the ground. The depth of the wound is 0.1cm higher than the cambium and the length is 0.5-0.8 cm. And (3) similarly cutting a long sliced surface of 0.5-0.8 cm and a short sliced surface of 0.2cm from the root. The cambium of the long cutting surface of the root is at least aligned with one end of the cambium at the wound of the cutting slip.
(5) Interface binding
And (4) binding by using a waterproof binding belt, wherein the binding is performed in a tight and overlapped way along one direction. The smooth and unsmooth upper end of the connector after binding is ensured.
(6) Root soaking solution for root grafting and cutting base
Prepared 50 mg.L -1 Naphthylacetic acid +20 mg. L -1 The carbendazim rooting solution is prepared by soaking the base parts of the cuttings with the grafted roots and the parts below the root grafting wounds in the rooting solution for 5min, wherein the root grafting openings are not stained with the rooting solution as much as possible.
(7) Cutting
Cutting the cutting slips at a plant row spacing of 10cm multiplied by 10cm, wherein the cutting depth is preferably that the base material is just exposed from the cutting openings or the cutting depth is 0.5cm, namely 1/2-3/5 of the length of the cutting slips are inserted into the base material, and the part of the root inserted base material is 2/3-3/4 of the length of the root. After the cutting, a small amount of water is poured for moisture preservation.
(8) Post-cuttage management
After cuttage, the air humidity is kept between 85% and 90%, the temperature is about 25 ℃, the illumination intensity is not lower than 2000Lx, and the illumination time is 12 h. During the growing period, the weeds are pulled out timely.
Each variety is set with a control group and ordinary cuttage, an experimental group is micro-root cutting, each determination index is set with 3 repetitions, and each repetition is 30. In the test process, the influence of human errors is eliminated as much as possible, and sampling is carried out by a five-point method. The statistical test results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 influence of different cutting modes on the growth of ' Kiwi, ' xu ' Kiwi variety
TABLE 2 micro-root grafting cutting bud of 'agricultural Kiwi' Kiwi and root grafting Change
TABLE 3 micro-root grafting cutting 'Xuxiang' Kiwi fruit cutting bud and root grafting Change
It is obvious from table 1 that the days required for leaf expanding and rooting of 'agricultural Kiwi' Kiwi and 'slow fragrant' Kiwi after micro-root grafting cutting are obviously shortened, and the method is suitable for industrialized rapid propagation and solves the technical problems of long week, low survival rate and small seedling quantity of conventional seedlings, cutting seedlings and the like. It can be seen from table 2 that the actinidia arguta' generally only needs 20 days, the root grafting and the cutting joint are well healed, new root systems of the grafted root systems grow out, and plants grow robustly. It can be seen from table 3 that the 'slow fragrance' kiwi fruit generally takes 30 days, the root grafting and cutting joints heal well, and new root systems grow, and the plant grows robustly. The problems that the nutrient supply of the bud is insufficient and the like in the early-stage cutting are solved by micro-root grafting cutting, and the rooting rate of the cutting is further improved. The root system is formed at the base of the cutting, and the whole kiwi fruit cutting forms two sets of root systems. The method is simple and easy to operate, reduces the seedling raising cost, ensures the survival rate of the cutting seedlings, is suitable for the industrial seedling raising operation practice, and improves the economic benefit.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A kiwi fruit micro-root grafting and cuttage method comprises the following steps:
cutting an obliquely downward wound at the middle upper part of the cutting, and connecting a root at the wound;
binding the interface of the cutting and the root;
soaking the cutting below the interface of the cutting and the root in a rooting solution;
cutting the cutting slips soaked in the rooting solution;
the variety of the cutting slips comprises a Chinese-line kiwi fruit variety or a delicious-line kiwi fruit variety.
2. The micro-root-grafting cutting method for kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the cutting slip is less than 1 cm.
3. The micro-root-grafting cutting method for kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein when the variety of the cutting slip is a Chinese actinidia variety, the length of the cutting slip is less than 7 cm; when the variety of the cutting slip is a delicious kiwi fruit variety, the length of the cutting slip is less than 8 cm.
4. The micro-root-grafting cuttage method for kiwi fruits according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that said Chinese-line kiwi variety comprises 'agricultural Kiwi'; the savory kiwifruit variety includes 'slow scent'.
5. The micro-root-grafting cutting method for kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein 1 full bud is reserved on the cutting shoot; and (3) horizontally shearing 1-1.5 cm above the bud eye of the full bud, reserving 1 leaf and shearing the reserved leaf to 1/4.
6. The micro-root grafting and cuttage method for kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein the root-grafted variety comprises ' Dougu No. 1'.
7. The micro-root grafting and cuttage method for kiwi fruits according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that the thickness of the grafted root is 1-1.5 mm; the length of the root is 3-5 cm.
8. The micro-root-grafting cutting method for kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein the length of the scion is > 3 cm; the distance between the wound and the top of the cutting is 1.5 cm; the angle of the wound is 45 degrees obliquely downwards; the depth of the wound exceeds the cambium by 0.1 cm; the length of the wound is 0.5-0.8 cm.
9. The micro-root grafting and cutting method of kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein the rooting solution takes water as a solvent and comprises the following components in concentration: 50 to 70 mg.L -1 Naphthylacetic acid and 20-30 mg.L -1 Carbendazim.
10. The micro-root grafting and cuttage method for kiwi fruits according to claim 1, characterized in that the plant spacing of cuttage is 10 cm; the row spacing of the cuttage is 10 cm.
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