CN114731902A - Box type cultivation method for champignon basswood - Google Patents
Box type cultivation method for champignon basswood Download PDFInfo
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- CN114731902A CN114731902A CN202210534644.3A CN202210534644A CN114731902A CN 114731902 A CN114731902 A CN 114731902A CN 202210534644 A CN202210534644 A CN 202210534644A CN 114731902 A CN114731902 A CN 114731902A
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- basswood
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- 241000219071 Malvaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 241000222519 Agaricus bisporus Species 0.000 title 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000251953 Agaricus brunnescens Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 240000000599 Lentinula edodes Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001715 Lentinula edodes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/64—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
A basswood box type cultivation method for mushrooms is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) preparing an incubator; 2) preparing basswood: selecting basswood with uniform thickness and without bending, dividing the basswood into a plurality of basswood sections, splitting the basswood sections into basswood pieces, and punching a plurality of small through holes with the aperture of 1-2 cm on the surface layer of the basswood pieces by using punching equipment; 3) mixing, boxing and sealing: uniformly stirring the culture medium according to a formula, firstly filling the culture medium into an incubator, then paving basswood chips, and finally sealing; 4) and (3) sterilization: sterilizing the incubator filled with the culture medium and the basswood chips; 5) inoculation: implanting the strain into the sterilized culture medium by using an artificial inoculation or mechanical inoculation mode; 6) hypha culture: and putting the inoculated incubator into a culture room for hypha culture. The method has the advantages of short culture period, simple operation, good quality of the fruiting bodies of the edible fungi and sufficient flavor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of edible fungus planting, in particular to a box type cultivation method of champignon basswood.
Background
At present, the mushroom is artificially cultivated in two ways: one is to adopt natural basswood to cultivate; one is to pack various raw and auxiliary materials into a bottle or a plastic bag and adopt a bottle cultivation or bag cultivation mode. Compared with the two modes, the method adopts basswood cultivation, broad-leaved wood, especially oak, is the main cultivation substrate and has single nutrition, the fruiting body obtained by the cultivation has better quality, and the defects that the basswood is not sterilized, the fungus is naturally cultivated, the fungus cultivation period is longer, the management is also more extensive, and the biological efficiency of the fruiting body obtained by the cultivation is lower compared with bag cultivation. The bag cultivation method has the advantages of abundant raw materials, short spawn running period and cultivation period due to the fact that the cultivation substrate is subjected to sterilization treatment, convenient manual management, high biological efficiency of the obtained fruiting body through cultivation compared with basswood cultivation, and poor quality and flavor of the obtained fruiting body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and cultivation methods and provide a box type cultivation method for the champignon, which has the advantages of short cultivation period, simple operation, good fruiting body quality of the edible fungi and sufficient flavor.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows: a box type cultivation method of champignon basswood is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing an incubator: selecting a box with a proper size for later use;
2) preparing basswood: selecting basswood with uniform thickness and no bending in a straight and straight manner, dividing the basswood into a plurality of basswood sections, splitting the basswood sections into basswood pieces, controlling the length of the basswood sections to be below the width of a box body of an incubator during division in order to place as many basswood pieces as possible in the incubator, and then punching a plurality of small through holes with the aperture of 1-2 cm on the surface layer of the basswood pieces by using punching equipment;
3) mixing, boxing and sealing: uniformly stirring the culture medium according to a formula, firstly filling the culture medium into an incubator, then paving basswood chips, and finally sealing;
4) and (3) sterilization: sterilizing the incubator filled with the culture medium and the basswood chips;
5) inoculation: implanting the strain into the sterilized culture medium by using an artificial inoculation or mechanical inoculation mode;
6) hypha culture: placing the inoculated incubator into a culture room for hypha culture;
7) fruiting: when the basswood chips grow over hypha, the culture box is moved to a fruiting workshop, and a temperature and humidity adjusting and forced ventilation device is arranged in the fruiting workshop; controlling temperature, humidity and ventilation until fruiting.
In the step 2), the basswood section is cut into two semicircular basswood pieces along the central axis before punching.
The thickness of the culture medium in the step 3) is not less than 1/2 of the height of the culture box.
The culture medium in the step 3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-80 parts of sawdust, 8-28 parts of fruit peel, fruit residue and/or plant straw, 1-10 parts of water absorbent, 5-20 parts of bean cake powder and/or bran, 0.5-2 parts of gypsum and 0.5-2.0 parts of chitosan.
The sterilization mode in the step 4) is high-temperature sterilization.
The culture room in the step 6) is ventilated, cool and dark, the temperature of the culture room is set to be 22-25 ℃, and the humidity of the culture room is set to be 65-75%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method, the mode of directly planting the lentinus edodes on the solid basswood in the past is abandoned, and the split basswood pieces are placed in the culture medium, so that the lentinus edodes can continuously absorb the nutrition of the basswood, and the quality and the flavor of the fruiting body are kept; meanwhile, the culture medium in the incubator can provide more nutrition for the strains, so that the spawn running speed is increased, and the traditional basswood planting period is shortened.
2. According to the method, the basswood sections are cut into two semicircular basswood pieces along the central axis, so that the problem of low fruiting rate of the back of the traditional basswood is solved, and the fruiting efficiency and the economic benefit of the basswood are improved.
3. The edible fungus culture medium can provide more nutrient components for the basswood mushroom, and solves the problem of single nutrition of the traditional basswood mushroom.
4. According to the invention, small through holes are drilled on the surface layer of the basswood piece, and the through holes have the effects of increasing oxygen, increasing the traveling path of hyphae and improving the fruiting efficiency.
5. The invention ensures that water can be supplemented more conveniently in the planting process, does not need professional water supplementing equipment, can realize the water supplementing effect by directly watering with a water pipe, and ensures the moisture required by the growth of the matrix and the sporocarp.
6. The mushrooms growing on the basswood chips are positioned on the same plane, and a foundation is laid for realizing mechanical picking in the future.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic view (side view) of the cultivation state of the incubator of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a second schematic view (plan view) of the cultivation state of the incubator of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A box type cultivation method of champignon basswood is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing an incubator: selecting a box with a proper size for later use;
2) preparing basswood: selecting basswood with uniform thickness and no bending, dividing the basswood into a plurality of basswood sections, then cutting the basswood sections into two semicircular basswood pieces along the central axis, and finally punching a plurality of small through holes of 1cm on the surface layers of the semicircular basswood pieces by using punching equipment;
3) mixing, boxing and sealing: uniformly stirring a culture medium according to a formula, wherein the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of wood chips, 8 parts of a mixture of pericarp, pomace and plant straws, 1 part of a water absorbent, 5 parts of bean cake powder, 0.5 part of gypsum and 0.5 part of chitosan; firstly, filling a culture medium into an incubator, wherein the thickness of the culture medium is 2/3 of the height of the incubator, then paving basswood pieces, and finally sealing, wherein the culture state diagram is shown in a figure 1-figure 2;
4) and (3) sterilization: placing the incubator filled with the culture medium and the basswood chips in a high-temperature environment of 110 ℃ for 18 hours for sterilization treatment;
5) inoculation: the strain is planted into the sterilized culture medium in a manual inoculation or mechanical inoculation mode;
6) hypha culture: putting the incubator into a culture room for hypha culture, wherein the culture room is ventilated, cool and dark, the temperature of the culture room is set to be 22 ℃, and the humidity of the culture room is set to be 75%;
7) fruiting: when the basswood chips grow over hypha, the culture box is moved to a fruiting workshop, and a temperature and humidity adjusting and forced ventilation device is arranged in the fruiting workshop; controlling temperature, humidity and ventilation until fruiting.
Example 2
A box type cultivation method of champignon basswood is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing an incubator: selecting a box with a proper size for later use;
2) preparing basswood: selecting basswood which is uniform in thickness and straight and has no bending, dividing the basswood into a plurality of basswood sections, then cutting the basswood sections into two semicircular basswood pieces along the central axis, and finally punching a plurality of small through holes of 2cm on the surface layers of the semicircular basswood pieces by using punching equipment;
3) mixing, boxing and sealing: uniformly stirring a culture medium according to a formula, wherein the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of wood chips, 25 parts of plant straws, 7 parts of water absorbent, 18 parts of a mixture of bean cake powder and bran, 1.8 parts of gypsum and 2 parts of chitosan; firstly, filling a culture medium into an incubator, wherein the thickness of the culture medium is 4/5 of the height of the incubator, then paving basswood pieces, and finally sealing, wherein the culture state diagram is shown in a figure 1-figure 2;
4) and (3) sterilization: placing the incubator filled with the culture medium and the basswood chips in a high-temperature environment of 100 ℃ for 22 hours for sterilization treatment;
5) inoculation: implanting the strain into the sterilized culture medium by using an artificial inoculation or mechanical inoculation mode;
6) hypha culture: putting the incubator into a culture room for hypha culture, wherein the culture room is ventilated, cool and dark, the temperature of the culture room is set to be 25 ℃, and the humidity of the culture room is set to be 65%;
7) fruiting: when the basswood chips grow over hypha, the culture box is moved to a fruiting workshop, and a temperature and humidity adjusting and forced ventilation device is arranged in the fruiting workshop; controlling temperature, humidity and ventilation until fruiting.
Example 3
A box type cultivation method of champignon basswood is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing an incubator: selecting a box with a proper size for later use;
2) preparing basswood: selecting basswood with uniform thickness and no bending, dividing the basswood into a plurality of basswood sections, then cutting the basswood sections into two semicircular basswood pieces along the central axis, and finally punching a plurality of small through holes of 1.5cm on the surface layers of the semicircular basswood pieces by using punching equipment;
3) mixing, boxing and sealing: uniformly stirring a culture medium according to a formula, wherein the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of wood chips, 28 parts of pericarp and pomace, 10 parts of water absorbent, 20 parts of bran, 2 parts of gypsum and 2 parts of chitosan; firstly, filling a culture medium into an incubator, wherein the thickness of the culture medium is 2/3 of the height of the incubator, then paving basswood pieces, and finally sealing, wherein the culture state diagram is shown in a figure 1-figure 2;
4) and (3) sterilization: placing the incubator filled with the culture medium and the basswood chips in a high-temperature environment of 105 ℃ for 20 hours for sterilization treatment;
5) inoculation: the strain is planted into the sterilized culture medium in a manual inoculation or mechanical inoculation mode;
6) hypha culture: putting the incubator into a culture room for hypha culture, wherein the culture room is ventilated, cool and dark, the temperature of the culture room is set to be 23 ℃, and the humidity of the culture room is set to be 70%;
7) fruiting: when the basswood chips grow over hypha, the culture box is moved to a fruiting workshop, and a temperature and humidity adjusting and forced ventilation device is arranged in the fruiting workshop; controlling temperature, humidity and ventilation until fruiting.
Claims (6)
1. A box type cultivation method of champignon basswood is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing an incubator: selecting a box with a proper size for later use;
2) preparing basswood: selecting basswood with uniform thickness and without bending, dividing the basswood into a plurality of basswood sections, splitting the basswood sections into basswood pieces, and then punching a plurality of small through holes on the surface layer of the basswood pieces by using punching equipment;
3) mixing, boxing and sealing: uniformly stirring the culture medium according to a formula, firstly filling the culture medium into an incubator, then paving basswood chips, and finally sealing;
4) and (3) sterilization: sterilizing the incubator filled with the culture medium and the basswood chips;
5) inoculation: implanting the strain into the sterilized culture medium by using an artificial inoculation or mechanical inoculation mode;
6) hypha culture: putting the incubator into a culture room for hypha culture;
7) fruiting: when the basswood chips grow over hypha, the incubator is moved to a fruiting workshop, and a temperature and humidity adjusting and forced ventilation device is arranged in the fruiting workshop; controlling temperature, humidity and ventilation until fruiting.
2. The box type cultivation method of champignon basswood according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2), the basswood section is cut into two semicircular basswood pieces along the central axis before punching.
3. The box type cultivation method of champignon basswood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the culture medium in the step 3) is not less than 1/2 of the height of the culture box.
4. The box-type cultivation method of champignon basswood according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium in the step 3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-80 parts of sawdust, 8-28 parts of fruit peel, fruit residue and/or plant straw, 1-10 parts of water absorbent, 5-20 parts of bean cake powder and/or bran, 0.5-2 parts of gypsum and 0.5-2.0 parts of chitosan.
5. The box type cultivation method of champignon basswood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sterilization mode in the step 4) is high-temperature sterilization.
6. The box type cultivation method of champignon basswood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the culture room in the step 6) is ventilated, cool and dark, the temperature of the culture room is set to be 22-25 ℃, and the humidity of the culture room is set to be 65-75%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210534644.3A CN114731902A (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Box type cultivation method for champignon basswood |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210534644.3A CN114731902A (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Box type cultivation method for champignon basswood |
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| CN114731902A true CN114731902A (en) | 2022-07-12 |
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| CN202210534644.3A Pending CN114731902A (en) | 2022-05-17 | 2022-05-17 | Box type cultivation method for champignon basswood |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104285673A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-21 | 宜昌大自然生物科技有限公司 | Industrialized mushroom production method and industrialized mushroom production system |
| CN105580635A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-05-18 | 宜昌大自然生物科技有限公司 | Shiitake mushroom culture medium and method of cultivating shiitake mushroom in greenhouse |
| CN106797799A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-06-06 | 浙江超奇农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum |
| CN107466678A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-15 | 灵川县金晨菌业有限公司 | A kind of method of cultivation basswood mushroom |
| CN110150023A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-23 | 刘随记 | A kind of agaric linden positioning produce agaric cultivation technique |
| CN114027092A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-02-11 | 随州菇鲜美农业发展有限公司 | Industrial cultivation method for edible fungus basswood |
-
2022
- 2022-05-17 CN CN202210534644.3A patent/CN114731902A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104285673A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-21 | 宜昌大自然生物科技有限公司 | Industrialized mushroom production method and industrialized mushroom production system |
| CN105580635A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-05-18 | 宜昌大自然生物科技有限公司 | Shiitake mushroom culture medium and method of cultivating shiitake mushroom in greenhouse |
| CN106797799A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-06-06 | 浙江超奇农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum |
| CN107466678A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-15 | 灵川县金晨菌业有限公司 | A kind of method of cultivation basswood mushroom |
| CN110150023A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-23 | 刘随记 | A kind of agaric linden positioning produce agaric cultivation technique |
| CN114027092A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-02-11 | 随州菇鲜美农业发展有限公司 | Industrial cultivation method for edible fungus basswood |
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Application publication date: 20220712 |