CN114671705B - 一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114671705B CN114671705B CN202210257541.7A CN202210257541A CN114671705B CN 114671705 B CN114671705 B CN 114671705B CN 202210257541 A CN202210257541 A CN 202210257541A CN 114671705 B CN114671705 B CN 114671705B
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- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 241000771208 Buchanania arborescens Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NWXHSRDXUJENGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;magnesium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O NWXHSRDXUJENGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052637 diopside Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxosilane oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[K+].[K+].O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052627 muscovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 germanite Chemical compound 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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Abstract
一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷及其制备方法,仿木纹釉瓷包括坯体和依次施覆在坯体上的化妆土层和木纹釉层;坯体由以下原料组成:钾长石、德化石英、伊利石、重质碳酸钙、透辉石、沸石粉、石灰石、铝矾土、海泡石;申请通过限定坯体及仿木纹釉层的原料组成,配合限定的烧制工艺,以使制得的瓷器表面呈现素色的木纹纹理,达到仿木纹的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于瓷器制备领域,具体涉及一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
陶瓷釉料根据色彩的不同,可以分为颜色釉和无色釉,其中无色釉应用范围小,颜色釉主要通过加入特定的原料并通过一定的工艺获得各种颜色,比如在釉料中加入氧化铜,在氧化焰时呈现绿色,但在还原焰时则呈现红色,另在釉料中加入二氧化锰经烧制后呈现黑色、棕色或者淡蓝色。
上述工艺能够获得纯色釉,色彩单一,而随着消费者对陶瓷外观的要求的提高,外观多样化成为了陶瓷釉料发展趋势。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的缺点,提供一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷,另一目的是提供一种制备上述仿木纹釉瓷的方法。
本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷,包括坯体和依次施覆在坯体上的化妆土层和木纹釉层;
坯体由以下重量份的原料组成:钾长石12-18份、德化石英30-40份、伊利石15-22份、重质碳酸钙5-8份、透辉石8-12份、沸石粉3-7份、石灰石4-8份、铝矾土3-5份、海泡石6-10份;
木纹釉层由以下重量份的原料组成:瓷土20-30份、钠长石10-15份、石英18-25份、方解石5-12份、氧化铁3-5份、氧化镁3-7份、氧化锌2-5份、氧化镧0.5-0.8份、滑石粉5-8份、氧化锰1-2份、氧化锆0.3-0.8份。
进一步的,所述化妆土层由以下重量份的原料的组成:德化高岭土18-22份、白云母10-15份、硼砂5-10份、轻质碳酸钙3-7份、硅灰石3-5份、氧化镧2-3份、萤石5-10份、氧化镁4-6份。
一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,按坯体的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得泥浆;
步骤二,按木纹釉层的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得釉浆;
步骤三,按化妆土层的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得化妆土浆;
步骤四,将步骤一制得的泥浆过筛、除铁后,制成坯体,待其表面干燥后,在其表面施步骤三制得的化妆土浆;待化妆土浆干燥后,送入窑炉中,在1020-1050℃下素烧7-8h,冷却后得素坯;
步骤五,在素坯表面施步骤二制得的釉浆,待素坯表面的釉浆干燥后送入窑炉中,在1180-1230℃下烧制成型。
进一步的,步骤五的烧成具体控制如下:
低温阶段:窑炉由常温升至450-480℃,保温烧制1-2h;
氧化阶段:窑炉内继续升温至920-960℃,保温烧制4-6h;
还原阶段:窑炉内气氛转换为还原气氛,继续升温至1180-1230℃,保温烧制2-3h;
保温阶段:窑炉内继续保持还原气氛,保温烧制1-2h;
冷却阶段:窑炉内自然冷却至室温,冷却时间延长至12h以上。
进一步的,所述还原阶段中,窑炉内一氧化碳浓度为4.2-4.5%,游离氧浓度为1.2-1.3%。
进一步的,所述保温阶段中,窑炉内一氧化碳浓度为2.7-3.2%,游离氧的浓度为0.8-1%。
进一步的,所述化妆土浆的施覆厚度为0.3-0.4mm。
进一步的,所述釉层的施覆厚度为0.5-0.6mm。
进一步的,步骤一中,泥浆湿法球磨时,原料在球磨机中湿法研磨22-24小时,研磨介质为水,原料:球:水=1:1.5-1.8:1-1.2。
进一步的,步骤二中,釉浆湿法球磨时,原料在球磨机中湿法研磨36-42小时,研磨介质为水,原料:球:水=1:1.5-2:1.5-1.8。
由上述对本发明的描述可知,与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
第一,本申请通过限定坯体及仿木纹釉层的原料组成,配合限定的烧制工艺,以使制得的瓷器表面呈现素色的木纹纹理,达到仿木纹的效果;其中,坯体中加入沸石粉、海泡石与重质碳酸钙配合,可在烧制过程中形成微孔,以减轻烧制后素坯的重量;加入铝矾土与透辉石配合,提高素坯在釉烧过程中的强度,保证最后制得的釉瓷的机械强度,同时有助于化妆土的形成,以更好的衬托素色的木纹纹理,保证最后形成的釉瓷的釉色;
第二,通过限定仿木纹釉层的原料组成,加入氧化锰、氧化铁、氧化锆作为呈色剂,配合其他原料,以使最后烧制后的瓷器釉面呈现木纹纹理,达到仿木纹的效果;
第三,通过限定化妆土的原料组成,使制得的化妆土层色泽均匀,以掩盖坯体表面的粗糙及缺陷,更易于釉层的附着;其中,添加硼砂、氧化镧、萤石与其他原料配合,作为中间层使釉层稳定附着在坯体上,以保证最后制得的釉瓷的美观性;添加氧化镁与氧化镧配合保证制得的化妆层的均匀性。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述。
一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷,包括坯体和依次施覆在坯体上的化妆土层和木纹釉层。
坯体由以下重量份的原料组成:钾长石12-18份、德化石英30-40份、伊利石15-22份、重质碳酸钙5-8份、透辉石8-12份、沸石粉3-7份、石灰石4-8份、铝矾土3-5份、海泡石6-10份。
木纹釉层由以下重量份的原料组成:瓷土20-30份、钠长石10-15份、石英18-25份、方解石5-12份、氧化铁3-5份、氧化镁3-7份、氧化锌2-5份、氧化镧0.5-0.8份、滑石粉5-8份、氧化锰1-2份、氧化锆0.3-0.8份。
化妆土层由以下重量份的原料的组成:德化高岭土18-22份、白云母10-15份、硼砂5-10份、轻质碳酸钙3-7份、硅灰石3-5份、氧化镧2-3份、萤石5-10份、氧化镁4-6份。
一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,按坯体的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得泥浆;
步骤二,按木纹釉层的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得釉浆;
步骤三,按化妆土层的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得化妆土浆;
步骤四,将步骤一制得的泥浆过筛、除铁后,制成坯体,待其表面干燥后,在其表面施步骤三制得的化妆土浆;待化妆土浆干燥后,送入窑炉中,在1020-1050℃下素烧7-8h,冷却后得素坯;
步骤五,在素坯表面施步骤二制得的釉浆,待素坯表面的釉浆干燥后送入窑炉中,烧成具体控制如下:
低温阶段:窑炉由常温升至450-480℃,保温烧制1-2h;
氧化阶段:窑炉内继续升温至920-960℃,保温烧制4-6h;
还原阶段:窑炉内气氛转换为还原气氛,继续升温至1180-1230℃,保温烧制2-3h;
保温阶段:窑炉内继续保持还原气氛,保温烧制1-2h;
冷却阶段:窑炉内自然冷却至室温,冷却时间延长至12h以上。
其中,步骤一中,泥浆湿法球磨时,原料在球磨机中湿法研磨22-24小时,研磨介质为水,原料:球:水=1:1.5-1.8:1-1.2。
步骤二中,釉浆湿法球磨时,原料在球磨机中湿法研磨36-42小时,研磨介质为水,原料:球:水=1:1.5-2:1.5-1.8。
步骤四中,还原阶段中,窑炉内一氧化碳浓度为4.2-4.5%,游离氧浓度为1.2-1.3%;保温阶段中,窑炉内一氧化碳浓度为2.7-3.2%,游离氧的浓度为0.8-1%;具体的,化妆土浆的施覆厚度为0.3-0.4mm;釉层的施覆厚度为0.5-0.6mm。
实施例1
一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷,包括坯体和依次施覆在坯体上的化妆土层和木纹釉层。
坯体由以下重量份的原料组成:钾长石12份、德化石英40份、伊利石15份、重质碳酸钙8份、透辉石8份、沸石粉7份、石灰石4份、铝矾土5份、海泡石6份。
木纹釉层由以下重量份的原料组成:瓷土20份、钠长石15份、石英18份、方解石12份、氧化铁3份、氧化镁7份、氧化锌2份、氧化镧0.5份、滑石粉8份、氧化锰1份、氧化锆0.8份。
化妆土层由以下重量份的原料的组成:德化高岭土18份、白云母15份、硼砂5份、轻质碳酸钙7份、硅灰石3份、氧化镧3份、萤石5份、氧化镁6份。
一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,按坯体的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得泥浆;
步骤二,按木纹釉层的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得釉浆;
步骤三,按化妆土层的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得化妆土浆;
步骤四,将步骤一制得的泥浆过筛、除铁后,制成坯体,待其表面干燥后,在其表面施步骤三制得的化妆土浆;待化妆土浆干燥后,送入窑炉中,在1020℃下素烧8h,冷却后得素坯;
步骤五,在素坯表面施步骤二制得的釉浆,待素坯表面的釉浆干燥后送入窑炉中,烧成具体控制如下:
低温阶段:窑炉由常温升至450℃,保温烧制2h;
氧化阶段:窑炉内继续升温至920℃,保温烧制6h;
还原阶段:窑炉内气氛转换为还原气氛,继续升温至1180℃,保温烧制3h;
保温阶段:窑炉内继续保持还原气氛,保温烧制1h;
冷却阶段:窑炉内自然冷却至室温,冷却时间延长至12h以上。
其中,步骤一中,泥浆湿法球磨时,原料在球磨机中湿法研磨22小时,研磨介质为水,原料:球:水=1:1.5:1。
步骤二中,釉浆湿法球磨时,原料在球磨机中湿法研磨36小时,研磨介质为水,原料:球:水=1:2:1.5。
步骤四中,还原阶段中,窑炉内一氧化碳浓度为4.2%,游离氧浓度为1.2%;保温阶段中,窑炉内一氧化碳浓度为2.7%,游离氧的浓度为0.8%;具体的,化妆土浆的施覆厚度为0.3mm;釉层的施覆厚度为0.5mm。
实施例2
一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷,包括坯体和依次施覆在坯体上的化妆土层和木纹釉层。
坯体由以下重量份的原料组成:钾长石18份、德化石英30份、伊利石22份、重质碳酸钙5份、透辉石12份、沸石粉3份、石灰石-8份、铝矾土3份、海泡石10份。
木纹釉层由以下重量份的原料组成:瓷土30份、钠长石10份、石英25份、方解石5份、氧化铁5份、氧化镁3份、氧化锌5份、氧化镧0.8份、滑石粉5份、氧化锰2份、氧化锆0.3份。
化妆土层由以下重量份的原料的组成:德化高岭土22份、白云母10份、硼砂10份、轻质碳酸钙3份、硅灰石5份、氧化镧2份、萤石10份、氧化镁4份。
一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,按坯体的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得泥浆;
步骤二,按木纹釉层的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得釉浆;
步骤三,按化妆土层的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得化妆土浆;
步骤四,将步骤一制得的泥浆过筛、除铁后,制成坯体,待其表面干燥后,在其表面施步骤三制得的化妆土浆;待化妆土浆干燥后,送入窑炉中,在1050℃下素烧7h,冷却后得素坯;
步骤五,在素坯表面施步骤二制得的釉浆,待素坯表面的釉浆干燥后送入窑炉中,烧成具体控制如下:
低温阶段:窑炉由常温升至480℃,保温烧制1h;
氧化阶段:窑炉内继续升温至960℃,保温烧制4h;
还原阶段:窑炉内气氛转换为还原气氛,继续升温至1230℃,保温烧制2h;
保温阶段:窑炉内继续保持还原气氛,保温烧制2h;
冷却阶段:窑炉内自然冷却至室温,冷却时间延长至12h以上。
其中,步骤一中,泥浆湿法球磨时,原料在球磨机中湿法研磨24小时,研磨介质为水,原料:球:水=1:1.8:1.2。
步骤二中,釉浆湿法球磨时,原料在球磨机中湿法研磨42小时,研磨介质为水,原料:球:水=1:1.5:1.8。
步骤四中,还原阶段中,窑炉内一氧化碳浓度为4.5%,游离氧浓度为1.3%;保温阶段中,窑炉内一氧化碳浓度为3.2%,游离氧的浓度为1%;具体的,化妆土浆的施覆厚度为0.4mm;釉层的施覆厚度为0.6mm。
实施例3
一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷,包括坯体和依次施覆在坯体上的化妆土层和木纹釉层。
坯体由以下重量份的原料组成:钾长石15份、德化石英35份、伊利石18份、重质碳酸钙6份、透辉石10份、沸石粉5份、石灰石6份、铝矾土4份、海泡石8份。
木纹釉层由以下重量份的原料组成:瓷土25份、钠长石12份、石英22份、方解石9份、氧化铁4份、氧化镁5份、氧化锌3份、氧化镧0.65份、滑石粉6份、氧化锰1.5份、氧化锆0.5份。
化妆土层由以下重量份的原料的组成:德化高岭土20份、白云母12份、硼砂8份、轻质碳酸钙5份、硅灰石4份、氧化镧2.5份、萤石8份、氧化镁5份。
一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,按坯体的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得泥浆;
步骤二,按木纹釉层的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得釉浆;
步骤三,按化妆土层的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得化妆土浆;
步骤四,将步骤一制得的泥浆过筛、除铁后,制成坯体,待其表面干燥后,在其表面施步骤三制得的化妆土浆;待化妆土浆干燥后,送入窑炉中,在1035℃下素烧7.5h,冷却后得素坯;
步骤五,在素坯表面施步骤二制得的釉浆,待素坯表面的釉浆干燥后送入窑炉中,烧成具体控制如下:
低温阶段:窑炉由常温升至465℃,保温烧制1.5h;
氧化阶段:窑炉内继续升温至940℃,保温烧制5h;
还原阶段:窑炉内气氛转换为还原气氛,继续升温至1210℃,保温烧制2.5h;
保温阶段:窑炉内继续保持还原气氛,保温烧制1.5h;
冷却阶段:窑炉内自然冷却至室温,冷却时间延长至12h以上。
其中,步骤一中,泥浆湿法球磨时,原料在球磨机中湿法研磨23小时,研磨介质为水,原料:球:水=1:1.6:1.1。
步骤二中,釉浆湿法球磨时,原料在球磨机中湿法研磨39小时,研磨介质为水,原料:球:水=1:1.8:1.6。
步骤四中,还原阶段中,窑炉内一氧化碳浓度为4.3%,游离氧浓度为1.25%;保温阶段中,窑炉内一氧化碳浓度为2.9%,游离氧的浓度为0.9%;具体的,化妆土浆的施覆厚度为0.35mm;釉层的施覆厚度为0.55mm。
以现有技术中的日用瓷为对比例,与将实施例1-3制备的仿木纹釉瓷进行相应的测试,获得如下数据:
表1各实施例测试数据表
项目 | 密度g/cm3 | 莫氏硬度 |
实施例1 | 1.48 | 6.3 |
实施例2 | 1.45 | 6.5 |
实施例3 | 1.41 | 6.9 |
对比例 | 1.82 | 5 |
通过表1可知,本申请制备的仿木纹釉瓷的质量轻,且机械硬度高于普通日用瓷,可作为日用瓷使用,满足日用瓷的使用需求。
本申请通过限定坯体及仿木纹釉层的原料组成,配合限定的烧制工艺,以使制得的瓷器表面呈现素色的木纹纹理,达到仿木纹的效果;其中,坯体中加入沸石粉、海泡石与重质碳酸钙配合,可在烧制过程中形成微孔,以减轻烧制后素坯的重量;加入铝矾土与透辉石配合,提高素坯在釉烧过程中的强度,保证最后制得的釉瓷的机械强度,同时有助于化妆土的形成,以更好的衬托素色的木纹纹理,保证最后形成的釉瓷的釉色。
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,故不能以此限定本发明实施的范围,即依本发明申请专利范围及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修饰,皆应仍属本发明专利涵盖的范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷,其特征在于:包括坯体和依次施覆在坯体上的化妆土层和木纹釉层;
坯体由以下重量份的原料组成:钾长石12-18份、德化石英30-40份、伊利石15-22份、重质碳酸钙5-8份、透辉石8-12份、沸石粉3-7份、石灰石4-8份、铝矾土3-5份、海泡石6-10份;
木纹釉层由以下重量份的原料组成:瓷土20-30份、钠长石10-15份、石英18-25份、方解石5-12份、氧化铁3-5份、氧化镁3-7份、氧化锌2-5份、氧化镧0.5-0.8份、滑石粉5-8份、氧化锰1-2份、氧化锆0.3-0.8份;
所述化妆土层由以下重量份的原料的组成:德化高岭土18-22份、白云母10-15份、硼砂5-10份、轻质碳酸钙3-7份、硅灰石3-5份、氧化镧2-3份、萤石5-10份、氧化镁4-6份;
其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,按坯体的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得泥浆;
步骤二,按木纹釉层的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得釉浆;
步骤三,按化妆土层的原料组成分别称重、破碎、混合、湿球磨制得化妆土浆;
步骤四,将步骤一制得的泥浆过筛、除铁后,制成坯体,待其表面干燥后,在其表面施步骤三制得的化妆土浆;待化妆土浆干燥后,送入窑炉中,在1020-1050℃下素烧7-8h,冷却后得素坯;
步骤五,在素坯表面施步骤二制得的釉浆,待素坯表面的釉浆干燥后送入窑炉中,在1180-1230℃下烧制成型;
步骤五的烧成具体控制如下:
低温阶段:窑炉由常温升至450-480℃,保温烧制1-2h;
氧化阶段:窑炉内继续升温至920-960℃,保温烧制4-6h;
还原阶段:窑炉内气氛转换为还原气氛,继续升温至1180-1230℃,保温烧制2-3h;
保温阶段:窑炉内继续保持还原气氛,保温烧制1-2h;
冷却阶段:窑炉内自然冷却至室温,冷却时间延长至12h以上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷,其特征在于:所述还原阶段中,窑炉内一氧化碳浓度为4.2-4.5%,游离氧浓度为1.2-1.3%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷,其特征在于:所述保温阶段中,窑炉内一氧化碳浓度为2.7-3.2%,游离氧的浓度为0.8-1%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷,其特征在于:所述化妆土浆的施覆厚度为0.3-0.4mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷,其特征在于:所述釉层的施覆厚度为0.5-0.6mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷,其特征在于:步骤一中,泥浆湿法球磨时,原料在球磨机中湿法研磨22-24小时,研磨介质为水,原料:球:水=1:1.5-1.8:1-1.2。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种轻质仿木纹釉瓷,其特征在于:步骤二中,釉浆湿法球磨时,原料在球磨机中湿法研磨36-42小时,研磨介质为水,原料:球:水=1:1.5-2:1.5-1.8。
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