CN110240477B - 一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110240477B
CN110240477B CN201910437631.2A CN201910437631A CN110240477B CN 110240477 B CN110240477 B CN 110240477B CN 201910437631 A CN201910437631 A CN 201910437631A CN 110240477 B CN110240477 B CN 110240477B
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苏康福
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Abstract

一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法，骨灰瓷包括骨灰瓷坯体和釉料，所述坯体包括以下重量份的原料：骨炭、钙长石、石英、高岭土、海泡石、夕线石、蛭石、硅藻土、氧化铝、氧化镁，坯体以骨炭、钙长石、石英和高岭土为主原料，辅以海泡石、夕线石、蛭石和硅藻土，使制得的骨灰瓷的具有较高的强度，海泡石具有较高的热稳定性，夕线石具有较高的耐压强度，硅藻土具有较高的冲击强度、拉伸强度、撕裂强度，通过与骨炭、钙长石、石英和高岭土配合，使最后制得骨灰瓷具有较高的耐压强度和抗冲击强度，以作为日用瓷使用。

Description

一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于瓷器制备领域，具体涉及一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法。
背景技术
骨质瓷因其“薄如纸、透如镜、声如磬、白如玉”，瓷质细腻通透，器型美观典雅，彩面润泽光亮，花面多姿多彩的特点，成就了它洁白的质地和华贵的造型，兼有使用和艺术的双重价值，骨质瓷在经过一代代名匠之手后，逐渐成为世界陶瓷珍品。
但骨质瓷与传统的高温瓷相比也有他的缺点，一是胎体硬度相对较差，产品长时期使用时瓷口容易生产缺口；二是热稳定性相对较差，骤冷骤热使用时，产品容易发生炸裂，使用寿命低，有待进一步改进。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的缺点，提供一种强度好的釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法。
本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法，所述骨灰瓷包括骨灰瓷坯体和釉料，所述坯体包括以下重量份的原料：骨炭70-80份、钙长石30-35份、石英30-40份、高岭土20-30份、海泡石10-12份、夕线石10-20份、蛭石5-10份、硅藻土3-5份、氧化铝5-8份、氧化镁6-10份；所述釉料包括以下重量份的原料：白云石20-25份、熟滑石20-30份、钙长石15-18份、石英10-15份、硅酸锆10-12份、氧化锌6-10份、硅酸镁3-5份、氧化钡1-3份、氧化镧0.5-0.8份、聚丙烯酸钠1-2份，其制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)按坯体和釉料原料配方称重配料，原料分别混合、粉碎、混合、湿法球磨，分别制得坯浆和釉料；
(2)将步骤(1)制得的坯浆和釉料经过磁选机多次除铁，至坯浆和釉料中的含铁量低于0.05％；
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的坯浆制成坯体，并放入窑炉中，在1220-1260℃下素烧4-5h，获得陶瓷素坯；
(4)在步骤(3)获得的陶瓷素坯表面施加步骤(2)制得的釉料；
(5)待陶瓷素坯表面的釉料干燥后放入窑炉中，先在还原气氛中，在760-800℃下烧制3-4h，然后转为氧化气氛，升温至880-920℃下，烧制4-5h，最后冷却至室温，获得所述骨灰瓷。
进一步的，所述步骤(4)中的施釉方式为淋釉或浸釉。
进一步的，所述步骤(1)中，坯浆制备时，原料在球磨机中湿法研磨18-24小时，研磨介质为水，原料：球：水＝1:1.5-1.8:1-1.2。
进一步的，所述步骤(1)中，釉料制备时，原料在球磨机中湿法研磨28-32小时，研磨介质为水，原料：球：水＝1:1.8-2:1.2-1.5。
进一步的，所述釉料的浓度30-40波美度。
进一步的，所述釉料的厚度为0.3-0.6mm。
进一步的，所述步骤(3)中，坯体的成型方式为滚压成型。
由上述对本发明的描述可知，与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明坯体以骨炭、钙长石、石英和高岭土为主原料，辅以海泡石、夕线石、蛭石和硅藻土，使制得的骨灰瓷的具有较高的强度，海泡石具有较高的热稳定性，夕线石具有较高的耐压强度，硅藻土具有较高的冲击强度、拉伸强度、撕裂强度，通过与骨炭、钙长石、石英和高岭土配合，使最后制得骨灰瓷具有较高的耐压强度和抗冲击强度，以作为日用瓷使用；釉料中，熟滑石与氧化镧、硅酸锂配合可降低烧成温度和烧成时间，较少能源的损耗，降低生产成本，硅酸锆，氧化锌与白云石、钙长石和石英配合，可保证骨灰瓷的白度与亮度，提高骨灰瓷的质感，聚丙烯酸钠作为分散剂，与釉料其余原料配合，使最后制得的釉料分散均匀，增加釉料的稳定性。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述。
一种釉下彩骨灰瓷，包括骨灰瓷坯体和釉料，坯体包括以下重量份的原料：骨炭70-80份、钙长石30-35份、石英30-40份、高岭土20-30份、海泡石10-12份、夕线石10-20份、蛭石5-10份、硅藻土3-5份、氧化铝5-8份、氧化镁6-10份。
釉料包括以下重量份的原料：白云石20-25份、熟滑石20-30份、钙长石15-18份、石英10-15份、硅酸锆10-12份、氧化锌6-10份、硅酸镁3-5份、氧化钡1-3份、氧化镧0.5-0.8份、聚丙烯酸钠1-2份。
一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)按坯体和釉料原料配方称重配料，原料分别混合、粉碎、混合、湿法球磨，分别制得坯浆和釉料；
(2)将步骤(1)制得的坯浆和釉料经过磁选机多次除铁，至坯浆和釉料中的含铁量低于0.05％；
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的坯浆制成坯体，并放入窑炉中，在1220-1260℃下素烧4-5h，获得陶瓷素坯；
(4)在步骤(3)获得的陶瓷素坯表面施加步骤(2)制得的釉料；
(5)待陶瓷素坯表面的釉料干燥后放入窑炉中，先在还原气氛中，在760-800℃下烧制3-4h，然后转为氧化气氛，升温至880-920℃下，烧制4-5h，最后冷却至室温，获得所述骨灰瓷。
具体的，步骤(4)中的施釉方式为淋釉或浸釉。
步骤(1)中，坯浆制备时，原料在球磨机中湿法研磨18-24小时，研磨介质为水，原料：球：水＝1:1.5-1.8:1-1.2，釉料制备时，原料在球磨机中湿法研磨28-32小时，研磨介质为水，原料：球：水＝1:1.8-2:1.2-1.5。
釉料的浓度30-40波美度。
釉料的厚度为0.3-0.6mm。
步骤(3)中，坯体的成型方式为滚压成型。
实施例1
一种釉下彩骨灰瓷，包括骨灰瓷坯体和釉料，坯体包括以下重量份的原料：骨炭70份、钙长石35份、石英30份、高岭土30份、海泡石10份、夕线石20份、蛭石5份、硅藻土3份、氧化铝8份、氧化镁6份。
釉料包括以下重量份的原料：白云石20份、熟滑石30份、钙长石15份、石英10份、硅酸锆12份、氧化锌6份、硅酸镁5份、氧化钡1份、氧化镧0.8份、聚丙烯酸钠1份。
一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)按坯体和釉料原料配方称重配料，原料分别混合、粉碎、混合、湿法球磨，分别制得坯浆和釉料；
(2)将步骤(1)制得的坯浆和釉料经过磁选机多次除铁，至坯浆和釉料中的含铁量低于0.05％；
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的坯浆制成坯体，并放入窑炉中，在1220℃下素烧5h，获得陶瓷素坯；
(4)在步骤(3)获得的陶瓷素坯表面施加步骤(2)制得的釉料；
(5)待陶瓷素坯表面的釉料干燥后放入窑炉中，先在还原气氛中，在760℃下烧制4h，然后转为氧化气氛，升温至920℃下，烧制4h，最后冷却至室温，获得所述骨灰瓷。
具体的，步骤(4)中的施釉方式为浸釉。
步骤(1)中，坯浆制备时，原料在球磨机中湿法研磨18小时，研磨介质为水，原料：球：水＝1:1.5:1，釉料制备时，原料在球磨机中湿法研磨32小时，研磨介质为水，原料：球：水＝1:2:1.5。
釉料的浓度30波美度。
釉料的厚度为0.6mm。
步骤(3)中，坯体的成型方式为滚压成型。
实施例2
一种釉下彩骨灰瓷，包括骨灰瓷坯体和釉料，坯体包括以下重量份的原料：骨炭80份、钙长石30份、石英40份、高岭土20份、海泡石12份、夕线石10份、蛭石10份、硅藻土5份、氧化铝5份、氧化镁10份。
釉料包括以下重量份的原料：白云石25份、熟滑石20份、钙长石18份、石英15份、硅酸锆10份、氧化锌10份、硅酸镁3份、氧化钡3份、氧化镧0.5份、聚丙烯酸钠2份。
一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)按坯体和釉料原料配方称重配料，原料分别混合、粉碎、混合、湿法球磨，分别制得坯浆和釉料；
(2)将步骤(1)制得的坯浆和釉料经过磁选机多次除铁，至坯浆和釉料中的含铁量低于0.05％；
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的坯浆制成坯体，并放入窑炉中，在1260℃下素烧4h，获得陶瓷素坯；
(4)在步骤(3)获得的陶瓷素坯表面施加步骤(2)制得的釉料；
(5)待陶瓷素坯表面的釉料干燥后放入窑炉中，先在还原气氛中，在800℃下烧制3h，然后转为氧化气氛，升温至880℃下，烧制5h，最后冷却至室温，获得所述骨灰瓷。
具体的，步骤(4)中的施釉方式为淋釉。
步骤(1)中，坯浆制备时，原料在球磨机中湿法研磨24小时，研磨介质为水，原料：球：水＝1:1.8:1.2，釉料制备时，原料在球磨机中湿法研磨28小时，研磨介质为水，原料：球：水＝1:1.8:1.2。
釉料的浓度40波美度。
釉料的厚度为0.3mm。
步骤(3)中，坯体的成型方式为滚压成型。
实施例3
一种釉下彩骨灰瓷，包括骨灰瓷坯体和釉料，坯体包括以下重量份的原料：骨炭75份、钙长石33份、石英35份、高岭土25份、海泡石11份、夕线石15份、蛭石8份、硅藻土4份、氧化铝6份、氧化镁8份。
釉料包括以下重量份的原料：白云石22份、熟滑石25份、钙长石16份、石英12份、硅酸锆11份、氧化锌8份、硅酸镁4份、氧化钡2份、氧化镧0.6份、聚丙烯酸钠1.5份。
一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)按坯体和釉料原料配方称重配料，原料分别混合、粉碎、混合、湿法球磨，分别制得坯浆和釉料；
(2)将步骤(1)制得的坯浆和釉料经过磁选机多次除铁，至坯浆和釉料中的含铁量低于0.05％；
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的坯浆制成坯体，并放入窑炉中，在1240℃下素烧4.5h，获得陶瓷素坯；
(4)在步骤(3)获得的陶瓷素坯表面施加步骤(2)制得的釉料；
(5)待陶瓷素坯表面的釉料干燥后放入窑炉中，先在还原气氛中，在780℃下烧制3.5h，然后转为氧化气氛，升温至900℃下，烧制4.5，最后冷却至室温，获得所述骨灰瓷。
具体的，步骤(4)中的施釉方式为淋釉。
步骤(1)中，坯浆制备时，原料在球磨机中湿法研磨21小时，研磨介质为水，原料：球：水＝1:1.6:1.1，釉料制备时，原料在球磨机中湿法研磨30小时，研磨介质为水，原料：球：水＝1:1.9:1.4。
釉料的浓度35波美度。
釉料的厚度为0.45m。
步骤(3)中，坯体的成型方式为滚压成型。
上述三个实施例与现有的骨灰瓷经试验获得如下的性能参数：
表1各实施例的性能参数表
Figure GDA0003456954360000071
Figure GDA0003456954360000081
本申请坯体以骨炭、钙长石、石英和高岭土为主原料，辅以海泡石、夕线石、蛭石和硅藻土，使制得的骨灰瓷的具有较高的强度，海泡石具有较高的热稳定性，夕线石具有较高的耐压强度，硅藻土具有较高的冲击强度、拉伸强度、撕裂强度，通过与骨炭、钙长石、石英和高岭土配合，使最后制得骨灰瓷具有较高的耐压强度和抗冲击强度，以作为日用瓷使用；釉料中，熟滑石与氧化镧、硅酸锂配合可降低烧成温度和烧成时间，较少能源的损耗，降低生产成本，硅酸锆，氧化锌与白云石、钙长石和石英配合，可保证骨灰瓷的白度与亮度，提高骨灰瓷的质感，聚丙烯酸钠作为分散剂，与釉料其余原料配合，使最后制得的釉料分散均匀，增加釉料的稳定性。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，故不能以此限定本发明实施的范围，即依本发明申请专利范围及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修饰，皆应仍属本发明专利涵盖的范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：所述骨灰瓷包括骨灰瓷坯体和釉料，所述坯体包括以下重量份的原料：骨炭70-80份、钙长石30-35份、石英30-40份、高岭土20-30份、海泡石10-12份、夕线石10-20份、蛭石5-10份、硅藻土3-5份、氧化铝5-8份、氧化镁6-10份；所述釉料包括以下重量份的原料：白云石20-25份、熟滑石20-30份、钙长石15-18份、石英10-15份、硅酸锆10-12份、氧化锌6-10份、硅酸镁3-5份、氧化钡1-3份、氧化镧0.5-0.8份、聚丙烯酸钠1-2份，其制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）按坯体和釉料原料配方称重配料，原料分别混合、粉碎、混合、湿法球磨，分别制得坯浆和釉料；
（2）将步骤（1）制得的坯浆和釉料经过磁选机多次除铁，至坯浆和釉料中的含铁量低于0.05%；
（3）将步骤（2）中得到的坯浆制成坯体，并放入窑炉中，在1220-1260℃下素烧4-5h，获得陶瓷素坯；
（4）在步骤（3）获得的陶瓷素坯表面施加步骤（2）制得的釉料；
（5）待陶瓷素坯表面的釉料干燥后放入窑炉中，先在还原气氛中，在760-800℃下烧制3-4h，然后转为氧化气氛，升温至880-920℃下，烧制4-5h，最后冷却至室温，获得所述骨灰瓷；
所述釉料的浓度30-40波美度；所述釉料的厚度为0.3-0.6mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（4）中的施釉方式为淋釉或浸釉。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（1）中，坯浆制备时，原料在球磨机中湿法研磨18-24小时，研磨介质为水，原料：球：水 = 1:1.5-1.8:1-1.2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（1）中，釉料制备时，原料在球磨机中湿法研磨28-32小时，研磨介质为水，原料：球：水 = 1:1.8-2:1.2-1.5。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种釉下彩骨灰瓷的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（3）中，坯体的成型方式为滚压成型。
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