CN114588236B - 组合物在制备药物中的用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提出了组合物在制备治疗VEGF基因或FGF‑2基因高表达疾病的药物中的用途,所述组合物用于抑制VEGF基因或FGF‑2基因的表达,所述组合物包括:蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、菊、黄芩、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎。由此,为VEGF基因或FGF‑2基因高表达疾病奠定了科学研究和临床应用基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药领域。具体地,本发明涉及组合物在制备药物中的用途。
背景技术
新生血管形成是由多种因子来激发和调控的,其中最为重要、研究最广泛的是VEGF家族。FGF-2基因编码的蛋白是成纤维细胞生长因子家族的成员。FGF家族成员结合肝素,具有广泛的促有丝分裂和血管生成活性。从十多年前抗VEGF药物问世以来,其作为治疗眼部新生血管形成的一线药物被广泛应用于临床,但仍有部分眼部新生血管患者治疗效果欠佳,往往需要以月为单位反复多次接受治疗,不仅给患者带来了经济上的负担,更增加了玻璃体腔注药术后严重并发症的风险。
脉络膜新生血管(Choroidal Neovascularization,CNV)是指来自脉络膜毛细血管的增殖血管,通过Bruch膜的裂口而扩展,在Bruch膜与视网膜色素上皮之间、或神经视网膜与视网膜色素上皮之间、或位于视网膜色素上皮与脉络膜之间增殖形成,引起出血,最后形成疤痕。在临床上脉络膜新生血管是非常棘手的疾病,常常引起严重的视力下降,甚至失明,严重影响患者的生活质量以及工作能力,给患者及其家庭和社会带来沉重的负担。手术和激光治疗已经被证实效果不佳,因此,目前针对脉络膜新生血管的治疗仍有待研究。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决现有技术中存在的技术问题至少之一。为此,本发明提出了组合物在制备药物中的用途,该药物用于治疗VEGF基因或FGF-2基因高表达疾病,为VEGF基因或FGF-2基因高表达疾病的治疗奠定了科学研究和临床应用基础。
在本发明的一个方面,本发明提出了组合物在制备治疗和预防VEGF基因或FGF-2基因高表达疾病的药物中的用途。根据本发明的实施例,所述组合物用于抑制VEGF基因或FGF-2基因的表达;所述组合物包括:蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、菊花、黄芩、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎。发明人发现,上述组合物可以有效地抑制VEGF基因或FGF-2基因的表达,由此,可以用于治疗VEGF基因或FGF-2基因高表达疾病,例如脉络膜新生血管生成所引发的疾病、玻璃体或视网膜新生血管生成所引发的疾病、视网膜静阻塞合并黄斑水肿、增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变、糖尿病视网膜病变合并黄斑水肿等。
根据本发明的实施例,所述组合物在制备治疗VEGF基因或FGF-2基因高表达疾病的药物中的用途还可以具有下列附加技术特征:
根据本发明的实施例,所述药物用于治疗脉络膜新生血管生成所引发的疾病。研究报道眼底疾病的发病机理较多,针对不同的发病机理,所适用的药物有所差异。本发明的发明人发现,上述组合物在脉络膜新生血管生成所引发的疾病方面(例如中心性渗出性脉络膜视网膜病变、匍匐性脉络膜炎、点状内层脉络膜病变)具有较好的治疗效果,而对诸如外伤性、微血管瘤等引起的眼底出血效果不显著。由此,为脉络膜新生血管相关疾病奠定了科学研究和临床应用基础。
根据本发明的实施例,所述药物用于减轻眼底血管渗漏。脉络膜新生血管生成所引发疾病的患者眼底出现血管渗漏现象,采用上述组合物可以有效地减轻使用者眼底血管渗漏情况。
根据本发明的实施例,所述药物用于促进炎性渗漏吸收。脉络膜新生血管生成所引发疾病的患者炎性渗漏吸收能力差,采用上述组合物可以有效地促进炎性渗漏吸收。
根据本发明的实施例,所述药物用于减少脉络膜新生血管生成。发明人发现,上述组合物可以有效地减少脉络膜新生血管生成。
根据本发明的实施例,所述药物为单剂型,含有0.075g/kg~0.15g/kg所述组合物。上述为人的给药剂量,采用具有上述组合物含量的药物每天给药一次,可以起到较好的治疗目的。其中,优选含有0.075g/kg组合物。对应地,小鼠采用具有0.6~1.4g/kg上述组合物含量的药物每天给药一次,可以起到较好的治疗目的。
本发明所述组合物可以按常规的制剂工艺制成药学可接受的任意常规剂型,例如胶囊剂、片剂、颗粒剂、散剂、口服液或丸剂等。
根据本发明的实施例,所述组合物包括:蒲黄65~80份、丹参65~80份、地黄50~70份、墨旱莲50~70份、菊花40~60份、黄芩35~50份、决明子35~50份、车前子35~50份、茺蔚子35~50份、女贞子35~50份、夏枯草35~50份、龙胆35~50份、郁金20~40份、木贼35~50份、赤芍20~40份、牡丹皮20~40份、山楂20~40份、当归20~40份和川芎5~15份。采用具有上述配比的组合物,可以起到较好的治疗目的。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:
图1A为给药1周后脉络膜内各蛋白表达量,(a)脉络膜内VEGF蛋白表达量;(b)脉络膜内HIF-1α蛋白表达量;(c)脉络膜内FGF-2蛋白表达量。
图1B为给药4周后脉络膜内各蛋白表达量,(a)脉络膜内VEGF蛋白表达量;(b)脉络膜内HIF-1α蛋白表达量;(c)脉络膜内FGF-2蛋白表达量。
图1C为给药8周后脉络膜内各蛋白表达量,(a)脉络膜内VEGF蛋白表达量;(b)脉络膜内HIF-1α蛋白表达量;(c)脉络膜内FGF-2蛋白表达量。
图2为实验动物VEGF荧光染色图像。
图3为各组实验动物暗视3.0ERG反应b波幅值比较。(a)暗视3.0ERG反应b波;(b)给药1周后实验动物暗视3.0ERG反应b波幅值;(c)给药4周后实验动物暗视3.0ERG反应b波幅值;(d)给药8周后实验动物暗视3.0ERG反应b波幅值。N=6;*P<0.05治疗组vs.对照组;**P<0.01治疗组vs.对照组。
图4为实验动物眼底FFA造影图像,箭头所指为渗漏点。
图5为实验动物HE染色图像。
图6为实验动物脉络膜铺片新生血管染色图像。白色箭头指示被染色的血管。(a)给药1周后实验动物脉络膜新生血管面积;(b)给药4周后实验动物脉络膜新生血管面积;(c)给药8周后实验动物脉络膜新生血管面积。N=3;*P<0.05治疗组vs.对照组。
图7为实验动物肝肾生化指标比较。(a)实验动物血清ALT浓度比较;(b)实验动物血清AST浓度比较;(c)实验动物血清BUN浓度比较;(d)实验动物血清Cr浓度比较;(e)实验动物血清UA浓度比较。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的方案进行解释。本领域技术人员将会理解,下面的实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限定本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体技术或条件的,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
实施例1:片剂的制备
配方:蒲黄75g、丹参75g、地黄60g、墨旱莲60g、菊花50g、黄芩(炭)45g、决明子45g、车前子45g、茺蔚子45g、女贞子45g、夏枯草45g、龙胆45g、郁金30g、木贼45g、赤芍30g、牡丹皮30g、山楂30g、当归30g、川芎10g。
工艺步骤如下:
(1)、将黄芩用武火炒成炭状,备用;
(2)、将50g菊花、45g的步骤(1)中制备的黄芩,22.5g车前子和37.5g蒲黄,混合粉碎成80-120目的细粉,备用;
(3)、将剩余的22.5g的车前子、37.5g的蒲黄与其余15味中药加水浸泡30分钟,煎煮二次,每次2小时,合并煎液,过滤;
(4)、将滤液减压浓缩至温度为60℃、相对密度为1.35-1.39的稠膏,再加入上述步骤(2)中制备的细粉,混合均匀,60℃烘干,整粒,加入辅料糊精30g,用85%乙醇制成颗粒,60℃烘干,整粒,加入硬脂酸镁1.5g,混匀,压片,制成每片重0.3克的药片,包糖衣即得。
实施例2:胶囊剂的制备
配方:蒲黄65g、丹参65g、地黄50g、墨旱莲50g、菊花40g、黄芩35g、决明子35g、车前子35g、茺蔚子35g、女贞子35g、夏枯草35g、龙胆35g、郁金20g、木贼35g、赤芍20g、牡丹皮20g、山楂20g、当归20g、川芎5g。
工艺步骤如下:
(1)、将黄芩用武火炒成炭状,备用;
(2)、将40g菊花、35g的步骤(1)中制备的黄芩,17.5g车前子和32.5g蒲黄,混合粉碎成80-120目的细粉,备用;
(3)、将剩余的17.5g的车前子、32.5g的蒲黄与其余15味中药加水浸泡30分钟,煎煮二次,每次2小时,合并煎液,过滤;
(4)、将滤液减压浓缩至温度为60℃、相对密度为1.35-1.39的稠膏,再加入上述步骤(2)中制备的细粉,混合均匀,60℃烘干,粉碎成细粉,加入糊精20g,用85%乙醇制成颗粒,60℃烘干,整粒,混匀,装胶囊,即得。
实施例3:颗粒剂的制备
配方:蒲黄80g、丹参80g、地黄70g、墨旱莲70g、菊花60g、黄芩50g、决明子50g、车前子50g、茺蔚子50g、女贞子50g、夏枯草50g、龙胆50g、郁金40g、木贼50g、赤芍40g、牡丹皮40g、山楂40g、当归40g和川芎15g。
工艺步骤如下:
(1)、将黄芩用武火炒成炭状,备用;
(2)、将菊花、黄芩,一半量的车前子,一半量的蒲黄,混合粉碎成80-120目的细粉,备用;
(3)、将剩余的车前子、蒲黄与其余15味中药加水浸泡30分钟,煎煮二次,每次2小时,合并煎液,过滤;
(4)、将滤液减压浓缩至温度为60℃、相对密度为1.35-1.39的稠膏,再加入上述步骤(2)中制备的细粉、400g淀粉、100g蔗糖、100g糊精,制粒,即得。
实施例4
为阐明本发明中药组合物治疗VEGF基因或FGF-2基因高表达疾病的活性,用按实施例1方法所制得的药物(以下称本发明药物)进行了下列试验,以证实该药物组合物治疗VEGF基因或FGF-2基因高表达疾病的效果,说明其在制药领域的新用途。
1.材料与设备
1.1实验动物
健康8周龄雄性小鼠90只(品系:C57),空军军医大学实验动物中心提供。实验动物使用许可证:SYXK(军)2017-0045。实验动物生产许可证:SCXK(军)2017-0021。
1.2药物与试剂
本发明药物(实施例1方法制得);戊巴比妥钠(美国Sigma公司);陆眠宁(吉林省华牧动物保健品有限公司);荧光素钠注射液(广州白云山明兴制药有限公司);复方托吡卡胺滴眼液(沈阳兴齐眼药股份有限公司);加替沙星眼用凝胶(沈阳兴齐眼药股份有限公司);盐酸奥布卡因滴眼液(参天制药有限公司);FITC标记凝集素B4(美国Sigma公司);小鼠抗VEGF抗体(Abcam);兔抗β-Tubulin抗体(CST);小鼠抗FGF-2抗体(Santa Cruz);兔抗HIF-1α抗体(bioss);山羊抗兔荧光二抗(ZSGB);山羊抗鼠荧光二抗(ZSGB);HRP标记二抗(CST)。
1.3主要仪器
视觉电生理检查仪(德国罗兰);同步共焦激光眼底荧光造影仪(德国海德堡);577nm倍频Nd:YAG激光器(美国科医人);荧光共聚焦显微镜(德国蔡司);全自动生化分析仪(深圳雷杜生命科技)
2.实验方法
2.1动物饲养:小鼠常规实验动物喂养,提供充足饮食,12h明/12h暗循环光照。
2.2脉络膜新生血管(CNV)造模方法:小鼠常规腹腔注射麻醉(3ml/kg 1%戊巴比妥钠),复方托吡卡胺滴眼液散瞳后在裂隙灯下通过角膜接触镜将倍频577nm Nd:YAG激光(能量180mW、光斑100μm、曝光时间100ms)导入眼内,在距离视盘1~2PD处围绕视盘击射视网膜,每只小鼠双眼击射6个光凝点。光凝后以有小气泡产生为准,可伴轻响或少量出血,表示已经击破Bruch膜。
2.3分组及干预:小鼠激光造模后进行随机分组,分为对照组(Control group,简称Control)、小剂量组(Low group,简称LOW)、中剂量组(Mod group,简称MOD)和大剂量组(High group,简称HIGH),每组6只。同时设置假手术组(Sham group,简称Sham),假手术组除激光造模外其余操作同处理组。激光造模后第二天开始给药,对照组与假手术组每日给与10ml/kg生理盐水灌胃,小剂量组、中剂量组和大剂量组每日分别给予0.34g/kg、0.68g/kg、1.36g/kg本发明药物灌胃(药物以10ml/kg生理盐水溶解)。
2.4视网膜电图(Electroretinogram,ERG)记录方法:在给药后1、4、8周,参照本实验室建立的小动物ERG记录标准化方案对实验动物右眼进行ERG检测。具体方法如下:检测前将实验动物提前放入小动物暗适应箱中进行12h暗适应,随后在微弱的红光下进行实验动物常规腹腔注射麻醉(3ml/kg 1%戊巴比妥钠+50μl 10%陆眠宁),复方托吡卡胺滴眼液散瞳,盐酸奥布卡因滴眼液角膜表面麻醉后,安放电极(记录电极为Ag-AgCl角膜环状电极,参考电极为不锈钢颊部针状电极,接地电极为不锈钢尾部针状电极),随后进行ERG相应指标的记录,记录结束后取下电极,并给予加替沙星眼用凝胶涂眼。
2.5荧光素眼底血管造影(fluorescein fundus angiography,FFA):在给药后1、4、8周,小鼠行ERG检查后将20%荧光素钠溶液(0.5ml/kg)自腹腔注入,于注射后1-2min期间采集FFA图像。荧光素渗漏强度根据Takehana等的实验方法进行分级,分级标准如下:0级为无渗漏、1级为轻度渗漏、2级为中度渗漏、3级为重度渗漏。
2.6脉络膜铺片新生血管染色:过量麻醉处死小鼠后取出眼球,置于4%多聚甲醛内浸泡1h,显微镜下以赤道部为界去除前节及神经视网膜层,在脉络膜复合体上作4-6条放射性切口,用自制漂洗液(0.2ml tween 20,0.5g BSA,溶于100ml PBS中)漂洗5min×5次,利用FITC标记凝集素B4(10μg/ml)4℃孵育4h,自制漂洗液漂洗5min×5次后DAPI染核15min后洗去DAPI,甘油封片。
2.7蛋白质电泳:根据蛋白提取试剂盒操作步骤提取各实验组实验动物脉络膜总蛋白,采用BCA蛋白定量法检测总蛋白浓度。利用SDS上样缓冲液调节各蛋白样品浓度中,100℃热水变性10min。取适量样本加到上样孔进行电泳,湿转法转膜至PVDF膜。将含有蛋白样品的PVDF膜放入5%脱脂牛奶中封闭1h,漂洗后加入一抗,4℃孵育过夜。TBST溶液冲洗3次×5min,加入二抗,室温孵育1h。TBST溶液冲洗3次×5min后进行ECL底物发光显影,以β-tublin为内参。目的蛋白相对表达量=目的蛋白条带灰度值/内参灰度值。实验重复3次,取平均值。
2.8病理切片染色:动物处死后取下动物右侧眼球,墨汁标记12点钟方向。利用细针头在角膜及眼球赤道部扎孔后将眼球置于眼球固定液中48h后进行脱水包埋。蜡块连续切片,切片厚度为4μm,选取激光斑截面切片进行捞片并用70℃烤片4小时。切片完成后进行HE染色。
2.9免疫荧光:取制备好的石蜡切片利用二甲苯脱蜡后在梯度酒精水化至蒸馏水中。0.1%柠檬酸煮沸15min进行抗原修复,冷却至室温后用PBS液冲洗。滴加一抗混合液(浓度、种类),4℃过夜。PBS漂洗3次,滴加荧光二抗混合液,PBS漂洗3次,DAPI染核,PBS漂洗,利用抗荧光淬灭剂封片后显微镜下观察。
2.10肝肾功能生化检测:给药8周后,小鼠眼球取血后分离血清,利用全自动生化分析仪检测小鼠血清内转氨酶(ALT、AST)、尿酸(UA)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)的浓度。
3.统计方法
采用SPSS 23统计学软件(美国SPSS公司)进行统计学分析。计量资料采用K-S检验进行正态分布检验,呈正态分布的数据采用表示;方差同质性检验采用Levene检验;组间比较正态分布且方差齐同的采用单因素方差分析,两两比较采用Dunnett检验;不符合正态分布或方差不齐的采用非参数秩和检验;等级资料采用非参数秩和检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
4.结果
4.1药物对CNV形成相关蛋白表达的影响
通过检测小鼠脉络膜CNV形成相关蛋白的表达含量(图1A、1B和1C),发现大剂量本发明药物能够持续下调脉络膜内VEGF的表达(P<0.05),除此之外,中、大剂量的本发明药物能够持续降低脉络膜内FGF-2蛋白的表达(P<0.05),从而减少脉络膜新生血管的形成。
通过免疫荧光观察小鼠眼球内VEGF表达的分布(图2),发现正常小鼠脉络膜区域荧光着色低,而激光诱导CNV小鼠损伤区域脉络膜呈强荧光着色,且随着给药量增加,荧光着色区域范围呈减小趋势,表明本发明药物可以下调VEGF的表达。
综上所述,本发明药物可以抑制VEGF以及FGF-2的表达,从而减少脉络膜新生血管的产生。
4.2药物对CNV小鼠视网膜功能的影响
ERG是一项客观反映视网膜功能的指标。如图3所示,给药后1周、4周和8周,与假手术组相比,各CNV模型小鼠组视网膜功能均下降,表现为暗视3.0ERG反应b波幅值降低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,本发明药物干预的实验组其暗视3.0ERG反应b波幅值相对较高(P<0.05),可以得出本发明药物对CNV小鼠视网膜功能具有保护作用。其中,大剂量组的保护作用强于中、低剂量组。
4.3药物对CNV小鼠眼底荧光造影的影响
眼底血管造影是临床检查眼底血管异常的金标准。如图4所示,各组CNV小鼠眼底存在不同程度的强荧光渗漏,其中本发明药物干预组的渗漏明显轻于对照组。根据荧光渗漏强度进行分级评估的结果显示(表1),与对照组相比,大剂量本发明药物干预后CNV生成率及渗漏强度在给药后1周及8周后均下降(P<0.05),中等剂量本发明药物干预后CNV生成率及渗漏强度在给药后8周后下降。结果表明本发明药物能够减轻CNV小鼠眼底血管渗漏情况及促进炎性渗漏吸收。
表1.各组实验动物眼底FFA荧光造影渗漏情况
注:N=36;*P<0.05治疗组vs.对照组;**P<0.01治疗组vs.对照组
4.4药物对激光诱导CNV形成后组织形态的影响
如图5所示,HE染色结果显示:激光诱导CNV形成后,小鼠视网膜出现明显损伤(图5),表现为损伤区域外核层减少甚至消失,内核层向损伤处迁移;色素上皮层以及脉络膜显著增厚,HE结果表明:随着给药剂量的增大,脉络膜增厚程度存在减小趋势,HE结果表明本发明药物可以减少小鼠视网膜的损伤。
4.5药物对CNV小鼠脉络膜新生血管形成的影响
如图6所示,与假手术组小鼠相比,各组CNV小鼠脉络膜铺片上激光光斑周围均出现不同程度的新生血管(图6中植物凝集素标记的绿光荧光),其中本发明药物治疗组与对照组相比新生血管较少,表现为本发明药物干预组脉络膜铺片荧光面积小于对照组。实验结果表明本发明药物在一定程度上可以减少脉络膜新生血管的产生。
4.6长期用药对小鼠肝肾功能的影响
通过血清生化检测结果发现,长期(8周)给予小鼠本发明药物灌胃未对小鼠肝肾功能造成显著影响(图7)。
5.结论
本研究结果表明本发明药物可以抑制VEGF以及FGF-2的表达,从而起到治疗VEGF以及FGF-2高表达的疾病,尤其是CNV。本发明的药物可以在一定程度上抑制激光诱导CNV小鼠模型CNV的形成,同时能够减轻CNV小鼠眼底血管渗漏情况及促进炎性渗漏吸收,从而减少脉络膜新生血管的产生。与此同时,实验结果还表明长期服药不会造成肝肾功能的损伤。综上所述,本研究从动物实验层面证实了本发明药物对VEGF以及FGF-2高表达的疾病,尤其是CNV具有一定的治疗效果。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外,在不相互矛盾的情况下,本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,可以理解的是,上述实施例是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
Claims (5)
1.组合物在制备治疗或预防VEGF基因和FGF-2基因高表达疾病的药物中的用途,其特征在于,所述组合物用于抑制VEGF基因和FGF-2基因的表达,所述VEGF基因和FGF-2基因高表达疾病为脉络膜新生血管生成所引发的疾病;所述疾病为匍匐性脉络膜炎、点状内层脉络膜病变;
所述组合物由下列物质组成:蒲黄65~80份、丹参65~80份、地黄50~70份、墨旱莲50~70份、菊花40~60份、黄芩35~50份、决明子35~50份、车前子35~50份、茺蔚子35~50份、女贞子35~50份、夏枯草35~50份、龙胆35~50份、郁金20~40份、木贼35~50份、赤芍20~40份、牡丹皮20~40份、山楂20~40份、当归20~40份和川芎5~15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述药物用于减轻眼底血管渗漏。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述药物用于促进炎性渗漏吸收。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述药物用于减少脉络膜新生血管生成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述药物为单剂型,含有0.075g/kg~0.15g/kg所述组合物。
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