CN107982484A - 治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物及其制备方法和应用,所述中药复方提取物由蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎制成,用于治疗糖尿病视网膜病变,可以与菊花药粉、谷精草药粉、密蒙花药粉、黄芩药粉或青黛药粉中的一种或几种混匀,制成临床上可以接受的药剂,亦可以单独或加入辅料制成临床上可以接受的药剂,为一种全新的提取物,其制备方法简单,提取溶媒环保,且主要药效学研究效果良好,无毒副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于制药技术领域,具体涉及一种治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
糖尿病性视网膜病变(DR)是糖尿病性微血管病变中最重要的表现,是一种具有特异性改变的眼底病变,是糖尿病的严重并发症之一。其起因主要是患者胰岛素代谢异常,引起眼组织、神经及血管微循环改变,造成眼的营养和视功能的损坏。微血管是指介于微小动脉和微小静脉之间,管腔小于100~150µm的微小血管及毛细血管网,是组织和血液进行物质交换的场所。由于糖尿病患者血液成分的改变而引起血管内皮细胞功能异常,使血-视网膜屏障受损。视网膜毛细血管内皮细胞色素上皮细胞间的联合被破坏,造成小血管的渗漏,糖尿病患者微血管病变主要发生在视网膜及肾脏,糖尿病视网膜病变据国内外文献报道,平均患病率高达50%,已经成为主要致盲病之一。现有的治疗手段主要是药物治疗、激光治疗以及手术治疗,对于尚未严重恶化的病变主要通过药物治疗。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物及其制备方法和应用,该提取物用于治疗糖尿病视网膜病变,可以与菊花药粉、谷精草药粉、密蒙花药粉、黄芩药粉或青黛药粉中的一种或几种混匀,制成临床上可以接受的药剂,亦可以单独或加入辅料制成临床上可以接受的药剂。
本发明所采用的技术方案为:
治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物,其特征在于:
由蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎制成。
所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物,其特征在于:
由2-6份蒲黄、5-11份丹参、4-9份地黄、5-11份墨旱莲、4-7份决明子、1-4份车前子、4-7份茺蔚子、4-7份女贞子、4-7份夏枯草、4-7份龙胆、2-6份郁金、4-7份木贼、2-5份赤芍、2-5份牡丹皮、2-5份山楂、2-5份当归和1-2份川芎制成。
所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物,其特征在于:
由2份蒲黄、5份丹参、4份地黄、5份墨旱莲、4份决明子、1份车前子、4份茺蔚子、4份女贞子、4份夏枯草、4份龙胆、2份郁金、4份木贼、2份赤芍、2份牡丹皮、2份山楂、2份当归和1份川芎制成。
所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物,其特征在于:
由6份蒲黄、11份丹参、9份地黄、11份墨旱莲、7份决明子、4份车前子、7份茺蔚子、7份女贞子、7份夏枯草、7份龙胆、6份郁金、7份木贼、5份赤芍、5份牡丹皮、5份山楂、5份当归和2份川芎制成。
所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物,其特征在于:
由5.47份蒲黄、10.95份丹参、8.76份地黄、8.76份墨旱莲、6.57份决明子、3.28份车前子、6.57份茺蔚子、6.57份女贞子、6.57份夏枯草、6.57份龙胆、4.38份郁金、6.57份木贼、4.38份赤芍、4.38份牡丹皮、4.38份山楂、4.38份当归和1.46份川芎制成。
所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物的制备方法,其特征在于:
包括以下步骤:
将蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎破碎混合,加水煎煮2次,每次煎煮1-2小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,浓缩温度为65-85℃,浓缩时间为3-4小时,浓缩结束后,浸膏在80℃持续保温搅拌,搅拌30-40分钟,喷雾干燥,即得复方提取物。
第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时。
浓缩温度为85℃,浓缩时间为3小时。
浓缩结束后,浸膏在80℃持续保温搅拌,搅拌30分钟。
所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物的应用,其特征在于:
所述中药复方提取物用于制备治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的药物;
所述的中药复方提取物加入或者不加入所述药学上可以接受的辅料,制成临床上可以接受的药剂;或者所述的中药复方提取物至少加入菊花药粉、谷精草药粉、密蒙花药粉、黄芩药粉或青黛药粉中的一种,混合均匀,加入所述药学上可以接受的辅料,制成临床上可以接受的药剂。
本发明具有以下优点:
(1)提供了一种全新的中药提取物,该中药提取物不仅可以用于治疗糖尿病视网膜病变,还可以与其他一种或几种生药粉混合使用,例如菊花药粉、谷精草药粉、密蒙花药粉、黄芩药粉或青黛药粉,混合物同样可以用于治疗糖尿病视网膜病变;
(2)还提供了该中药提取物的制备方法,所述制备方法简单,生产步骤少,仅包括破碎混合、水煎煮,减压浓缩以及喷雾干燥等过程,并且明确了浓缩过程的控制温度范围和受热时间以及喷雾干燥前浸膏的特殊保存温度和方式,提取溶剂环保,提取效率高;
(3)采用本发明提供的配方和制备方法制得的提取物可以单独制备成临床上可以接受的剂型,也可以根据应用的方式或使用人群的特殊要求添加辅料制备成临床上可以接受的剂型;
(4)本发明所提供的中药提取物的药效学试验结果良好,在止血、促进血小板聚集、激活凝血因子、促血块吸收、活血化瘀、抗炎等作用方面效果明显,且急毒、长毒试验结果显示该提取物无毒副作用,可以安全服用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细的说明。
本发明涉及一种治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物,由蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎制成。
具体的组分用量为:
由2-6份蒲黄、5-11份丹参、4-9份地黄、5-11份墨旱莲、4-7份决明子、1-4份车前子、4-7份茺蔚子、4-7份女贞子、4-7份夏枯草、4-7份龙胆、2-6份郁金、4-7份木贼、2-5份赤芍、2-5份牡丹皮、2-5份山楂、2-5份当归和1-2份川芎制成。
所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎破碎混合,加水煎煮2次,每次煎煮1-2小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,浓缩温度为65-85℃,浓缩时间为3-4小时,浓缩结束后,浸膏在80℃持续保温搅拌,搅拌30-40分钟,喷雾干燥,即得复方提取物。
所述治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物,主要用于制备治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的药物中。该提取物可以直接制成临床上可以接受的任一种制剂,按照临床需要优选制成丸剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、片剂、口服液等,更有选为制成片剂;或者在该提取物中加入粘合剂、崩解剂、填充剂、增溶剂、矫味剂等药学上可以接受的辅料制成临床上可以接受的任一种制剂,按照临床需要优选制成丸剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、片剂、口服液、缓控释制剂等,更优选为在该提取物中加入糊精制成片剂;或者在该提取物中加入菊花药粉、谷精草药粉、密蒙花药粉、黄芩药粉或青黛药粉中的一种或几种,混合均匀,加入粘合剂、崩解剂、填充剂、增溶剂、矫味剂等药学上可以接受的辅料制成临床上可以接受的任一种制剂,按照临床需要优选制成丸剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、片剂、口服液、缓控释制剂等,更优选为在该提取物中加入菊花药粉、黄芩药粉和糊精制成片剂。
实施例1:
处方:
制备方法包括如下步骤:
将蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎破碎混合,加水煎煮2次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮2小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,浓缩温度为65℃,浓缩时间为4小时,浓缩结束后,浸膏在80℃持续保温搅拌,搅拌40分钟,喷雾干燥,即得复方提取物。
实施例2:
处方:
制备方法包括如下步骤:
将蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎破碎混合,加水煎煮2次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,浓缩温度为65℃,浓缩时间为4小时,浓缩结束后,浸膏在80℃持续保温搅拌,搅拌40分钟,喷雾干燥,即得复方提取物。
实施例3:
处方:
制备方法包括如下步骤:
将蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎破碎混合,加水煎煮2次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,浓缩温度为85℃,浓缩时间为3小时,浓缩结束后,浸膏在80℃持续保温搅拌,搅拌30分钟,喷雾干燥,即得复方提取物。
实施例4:
处方:
制备方法包括如下步骤:
将蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎破碎混合,加水煎煮2次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,浓缩温度为85℃,浓缩时间为3小时,浓缩结束后,浸膏在80℃持续保温搅拌,搅拌30分钟,喷雾干燥,即得复方提取物。
实施例5
处方:
制备方法包括如下步骤:
将蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎破碎混合,加水煎煮2次,第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,浓缩温度为85℃,浓缩时间为3小时,浓缩结束后,浸膏在80℃持续保温搅拌,搅拌30分钟,喷雾干燥,即得复方提取物。
与本发明比较接近的现有技术,分别是(1)2003年10月29日中国专利公报公开的“一种治疗眼底出血症的中药及其制备方法”,公开号为CN 1451422A的专利申请,组成发明所述中成药的各味药物原料的重量配比为:蒲黄65-80份、丹参65-80份、地黄50-70份、墨旱莲50-70份、菊花40-60份、黄芩(炭)35-50份、决明子35-50份、车前子35-50份、茺蔚子35-50份、女贞子35-50份、夏枯草35-50份、龙胆35-50份、郁金20-40份、木贼35-50份、赤芍20-40份、牡丹皮20-40份、山楂20-40份、当归20-40份、川芎5-15份,以及制成片剂、颗粒剂和软胶囊剂的制备方法;(2)2012年1月18日公开的“一种和血明目中药组合物及其制备方法”,公开号为102319398A的专利申请,公开了中药组合物的配方组成为:蒲黄75g、丹参75g、地黄60g、墨旱莲40g、菊花50g、黄芩(炭)45g、决明子45g、车前子45g、茺蔚子45g、女贞子45g、夏枯草45g、龙胆45g、郁金15g、木贼30g、赤芍30g、牡丹皮30g、山楂30g、当归30g、川芎60g,以及制成片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂和口服液的制备方法,两篇现有技术与本发明进行对比,第一篇公开的软胶囊采用的提取方法为水煎煮醇沉提取,第二篇公开的各剂型的提取方法均为水煎煮提取,相比较第二篇现有技术与本发明最接近。申请人进行了大量的研究,发现本发明相对第二篇现有技术公开的技术方案对治疗糖尿病性视网膜病变疗效果更为显著,且无任何毒副作用。
以下是本发明涉及到的主要药效学试验和急毒、长毒试验。
主要药效学试验
一、试验药物的制备
1.试验药物
A组:参照本发明实施例1制备的提取物A;
B组:参照本发明实施例2制备的提取物B;
C组:参照本发明实施例3制备的提取物C;
D组:参照本发明实施例4制备的提取物D;
E组:参照本发明实施例5制备的提取物E;
F组:参照2012年1月18日公开的“一种和血明目中药组合物及其制备方法”、公开号为102319398A的专利申请中的配方和制备方法制得的混合药物F。
2.F组试验药物的制备方法
配方如下:
具体制备方法如下:
以上十九味药材,菊花、黄芩、车前子(半量)、蒲黄(半量),混合粉碎成细粉,备用;剩余车前子、蒲黄与其余各味加水浸泡30分钟,煎煮二次,每次2小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.35~1.39(60℃)的稠膏,加入上述细粉混合均匀,60℃烘干,粉碎成细粉,即得F组试验药粉。
二、药学试验方法及结果
(一)对小鼠断尾出血时间的影响
实验材料
1.动物:小白鼠,雌雄各半,体重18~22g。
2.药物:本发明提取物A、B、C、D和E组及现有技术F组药粉,药物在实验前用蒸馏水配置,灌胃给药。
实验方法
取健康小鼠70只,随机均分为7组:生理盐水对照组(20ml/kg),A、B、C、D和E组及F组分别取4g/kg的药粉。各组动物等容量灌胃给药0.2ml/10g,每天一次,连续3d。末次给药后60min将小鼠装进铁皮小筒固定器内固定,尾巴外漏,分别用利剪将小鼠尾巴距尾尖5mm处横断,待血液自行流出开始计时,每隔15S用滤纸吸去血滴一次,直至血液自然停止(滤纸吸时无血)为止,记录各组小鼠出血时间,数据进行组间t检验,结果见表l。
结果表明: 分别依据本发明1-5实施例制备的提取物A、B、C、D、E组以及现有技术F组与对照组比较,出血时间缩短,具有极显著的统计学意义(P<0.01),A、B、C、D、E组与F组比较,A、B、C、D、E组缩短出血时间明显优于F组,其中C组最为显著(P<0.01),说明本发明提供的中药提取物对小鼠有明显的止血作用,且止血效果优于现有技术。
(二)对大鼠凝血时间的测定(玻片法)
实验材料
1.动物:大鼠,雌雄各半,体重170~230g。
2.药物:本发明提取物A、B、C、D和E组及现有技术F组药粉,药物在实验前用蒸馏水配置,灌胃给药。
实验方法
取健康SD品系大鼠70只,雌雄各半。随机均分为7组,生理盐水对照组(等容量20ml/kg),A、B、C、D和E组及F组分别取3.2g/kg的药粉,各组动物灌胃给药,每天一次,连续3d,末次给药60min后,分别用眼科弯镊摘取大鼠一侧眼球,血液流出后,与载玻片两端各滴一滴血,血滴直径约5mm,立即用秒表计时,每隔30S用清洁针头自血滴边缘向里轻轻挑动一次.观察有无血丝挑起。自采血开始到挑起血丝止,所需时间为凝血时间。所得数据进行t检验统计处理,结果见表2。
结果表明:分别依据本发明1-5实施例制备的提取物A、B、C、D、E组以及现有技术F组与对照组比较,凝血时间缩短,具有极显著的统计学意义(P<0.01),A、B、C、D、E组与F组比较,A、B、C、D、E组凝血时间明显短于F组,其中C组最为显著(P<0.01),说明本发明提供的提取物对大鼠有明显的促凝血作用,且促凝血作用优于F组的现有药物。
(三)对大白鼠血小板计数的影响
实验材料
1.动物:大鼠,雌雄各半,体重170~230g。
2.药物:本发明提取物A、B、C、D和E组及现有技术F组药粉,药物在实验前用蒸馏水配置,灌胃给药。
实验方法
取健康SD品系大鼠50只,雌雄各半。随机均分为7组,即生理盐水对照组(等容量20ml/kg),A、B、C、D和E组及F组分别取3.2g/kg的药粉,各组动物灌胃给药,每天一次,连续3d,末次给药60min后,动物股动脉采血,进行血小板计数(Pt),所得数据进行t检验统计处埋,结果见表3。
结果表明:分别依据本发明1-5实施例制备的提取物A、B、C、D、E组以及现有技术F组与对照组比较,血小板数均有增多且具有极显著的统计学意义(P<0.01),A、B、C、D、E组与F组比较,血小板数均有增长趋势,但仅本发明提供的A、C、D组具有显著的统计学意义(P<0.05),说明本发明提供的提取物对大鼠血小板数有促增长作用,且A、C、D组作用优于F组的现有药物。
(四)对家兔皮下血凝块吸收的影响
实验材料
1.动物:家兔,雌雄各半,体重2.0~2.5g。
2.药物:本发明提取物A、B、C、D和E组及现有技术F组药粉,药物在实验前用蒸馏水配置,灌胃给药。
实验方法
取健康家兔70只,雌雄各半,随机均分为7组,生理盐水对照组(等容量lOml/kg), A、B、C、D和E组及F组分别取1.8g/kg的药粉。给药前各组家兔中央动脉抽血0.5ml/kg,并立即将家兔自身血液注入其左侧二、三肋间皮下相同位置。随后开始给药,各组动物灌胃给药,容量lOml/kg,每天1次,连续给药3天,第四天静咏注射戊巴比妥钠约70mg/kg处死各组家兔,剥离血凝块,称湿重,然后将血凝块置于烘箱中,60℃烘干后称干重,分别求出血凝块湿重和干重与体重的比值。数据进行组间t检验统计学处理,结果见表4。
结果表明,分别依据本发明1-5实施例制备的提取物A、B、C、D、E组以及现有技术F组与对照组比较,家兔血凝块湿重、干重与体重的比值均减少,其中A、B、C、D、E组与对照组比较具有极显著的统计学意义(P<0.01),F组与对照组比较具有显著的统计学意义(P<0.05),说明本发明提供的提取物具有促进家兔血凝块吸收的作用,且A、B、C、D、E组作用优于F组的现有药物。
(五) 对血瘀大鼠血液流变性的影响
实验材料
1、动物:大白鼠,雌雄各半,体重170~230g。
2、药物:本发明提取物A、B、C、D和E组及现有技术F组药粉,药物在实验前用蒸馏水配置,灌胃给药。
实验方法
大白鼠70只,随机分成7组,每组10只。生理盐水对照组(等容量2Oml/kg),本发明A、B、C、D和E组及F组分别取3.2g/kg的药粉,连续给药7d,每日1次,末次给药1h后,各组大鼠均皮下注射阿霉素0.08ml/10g(10μg/m1),共两次,两次间隔 4h,在两次注射阿霉素之间,将大鼠浸入冰水内5min,以形成血瘀模型。处理后各组大鼠均禁食不禁水,次日股动脉采血,取2ml注入肝素抗凝管,摇匀备用。取1ml肝素抗凝血加入粘度计转筒中,样品温度在恒温水浴中保持37±0.5℃转换高、低切开关,测定其全血高、低切粘度。将做完全血粘度的血吸回抗凝管,用离心机离心血浆,转速3000rpm,时间15min,取1ml血浆加入粘度计转筒,测定血浆粘度。数据进行组间t检验统计学处理,结果见表5。
结果表明,分别依据本发明1-5实施例制备的提取物A、B、C、D、E组以及现有技术F组与对照组比较,大鼠的全血高、低切粘度、血浆粘度均有明显降低,具有极显著的统计学意义(P<0.01);A、B、C、D、E组与F组比较,大鼠的全血高、低切粘度、血浆粘度也有明显降低,其中C组最为显著,具有极显著的统计学意义(P<0.01),说明本发明提供的提取物有明显改善血瘀证大鼠血液流变形作用,且A、B、C、D、E组作用优于F组的现有药物。
(六)对小鼠渗出性炎症的影响
实验材料
1、动物:小鼠,雌雄各半,体重18~22g。
2、药物:本发明提取物A、B、C、D和E组及现有技术F组药粉,药物在实验前用蒸馏水配置,灌胃给药。
实验方法
实验用小鼠70只,雌雄各半,随机均分为7组,生理盐水对照组(等容量2Oml/kg),本发明A、B、C、D和E组及F组分别取4g/kg的药粉,连续给药7d,每日1次,末次给药45min后,尾静脉注射0.6%伊文斯蓝生理盐水溶液0.1ml/lOg体重,并随即腹腔注射0.7%冰醋酸生理盐水0.2ml/只,20min后颈椎脱臼处死小鼠,用8ml生理盐水分次冲洗腹腔,合并冲洗液加生理盐水至8ml,3000rpm离心lOmin,取上清液于721型分光光度计比色,测量光密度值(入=590nm),以光密度值(OD)为指标,给药组与生理盐水对照组进行组间t检验统计学处理,结果见表6。
结果表明,分别依据本发明1-5实施例制备的提取物A、B、C、D、E组以及现有技术F组与对照组比较,小鼠腹腔透出染料光密度值均降低,其中本发明所述的A、B、C、D、E组具有极显著的统计学意义(P<0.01),现有技术F组具有显著的统计学意义(P<0.05),说明本发明提供的提取物对小鼠腹腔渗出性炎症反应有较好的抑制作用,且A、B、C、D、E组作用优于F组的现有药物。
(七)对小鼠耳廓二甲苯性炎症的作用
实验材料
1、动物:雄性小鼠,体重25~30g。
2、药物:本发明提取物A、B、C、D和E组及现有技术F组药粉,药物在实验前用蒸馏水配置,灌胃给药。
实验方法
实验用雄性ICR品系小白鼠70只,随机均分为7组,,生理盐水对照组(等容量2Oml/kg),本发明A、B、C、D和E组及F组分别取4g/kg的药粉,连续给药7d,每日1次,末次给药30min后,分别于小鼠左耳耳廓内外均匀涂二甲苯0.1ml,右耳为自身对照,15min后脱颈处死动物,剪下左右耳廓,在耳廓相同部位用直径6mm打孔器取相同面积的耳廓,在扭力天平上称重。以左右耳廓重量差为耳肿胀度。给药组与生理盐水对照组进行组间t检验,结果见表7。
结果表明,分别依据本发明1-5实施例制备的提取物A、B、C、D、E组以及现有技术F组与对照组比较,均对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀有明显抑制作用,其中本发明所述的A、B、C、D、E组具有极显著的统计学意义(P<0.01),现有技术F组具有显著的统计学意义(P<0.05),说明本发明提供的提取物对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀有较好的抑制作用,且A、B、C、D、E组作用优于F组的现有药物。
毒理实验:
急性毒性实验结果表明:将按本发明制备的提取物A、B、C、D、E最大浓度、最大容积灌胃给药,在24h内连续给药3次,每次间隔4h,累积药物总量达52.9g/kg,相当于人临床拟用量的约700倍。给药后7d内,小鼠活动、进食、排泄均正常,生长良好,毛色光亮,其平均体重均随试验时间的延长而增加。第8d处死后解剖每只小鼠肉眼观察心、肝、脾、肺、肾、脑、胸腺、胃、肠等均未发现颜色及形态异常,未能测出LD50。表明本发明所提供的中药提取物无急性毒性反应。
长期毒性实验结果表明:按本发明制备的提取物A、B、C、D、E分别分为低、中、高剂量,分别为8、4、2g /kg,相当于临床剂量的106.7、53.3、26.7倍,灌胃给药12周后,中药提取物A、B、C、D、E对动物的一般状况、血液学指标、血液生化指标均无明显的影响,系统解剖、脏器系数及组织病理学检查也未发现异常病理改变。停药2周也未见明显改变。在长期毒性试验中,未发现明显毒性反应和延迟毒性反应,可见,本发明所提供的中药提取物无毒性反应,长期用药安全可靠。
本发明的内容不限于实施例所列举,本领域普通技术人员通过阅读本发明说明书而对本发明技术方案采取的任何等效的变换,均为本发明的权利要求所涵盖。
Claims (10)
1.治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物,其特征在于:
由蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物,其特征在于:
由2-6份蒲黄、5-11份丹参、4-9份地黄、5-11份墨旱莲、4-7份决明子、1-4份车前子、4-7份茺蔚子、4-7份女贞子、4-7份夏枯草、4-7份龙胆、2-6份郁金、4-7份木贼、2-5份赤芍、2-5份牡丹皮、2-5份山楂、2-5份当归和1-2份川芎制成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物,其特征在于:
由2份蒲黄、5份丹参、4份地黄、5份墨旱莲、4份决明子、1份车前子、4份茺蔚子、4份女贞子、4份夏枯草、4份龙胆、2份郁金、4份木贼、2份赤芍、2份牡丹皮、2份山楂、2份当归和1份川芎制成。
4.根据权利要求2所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物,其特征在于:
由6份蒲黄、11份丹参、9份地黄、11份墨旱莲、7份决明子、4份车前子、7份茺蔚子、7份女贞子、7份夏枯草、7份龙胆、6份郁金、7份木贼、5份赤芍、5份牡丹皮、5份山楂、5份当归和2份川芎制成。
5.根据权利要求2所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物,其特征在于:
由5.47份蒲黄、10.95份丹参、8.76份地黄、8.76份墨旱莲、6.57份决明子、3.28份车前子、6.57份茺蔚子、6.57份女贞子、6.57份夏枯草、6.57份龙胆、4.38份郁金、6.57份木贼、4.38份赤芍、4.38份牡丹皮、4.38份山楂、4.38份当归和1.46份川芎制成。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物的制备方法,其特征在于:
包括以下步骤:
将蒲黄、丹参、地黄、墨旱莲、决明子、车前子、茺蔚子、女贞子、夏枯草、龙胆、郁金、木贼、赤芍、牡丹皮、山楂、当归和川芎破碎混合,加水煎煮2次,每次煎煮1-2小时,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,浓缩温度为65-85℃,浓缩时间为3-4小时,浓缩结束后,浸膏在80℃持续保温搅拌,搅拌30-40分钟,喷雾干燥,即得复方提取物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物的制备方法,其特征在于:
第一次煎煮2小时,第二次煎煮1小时。
8.根据权利要求6所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物的制备方法,其特征在于:
浓缩温度为85℃,浓缩时间为3小时。
9.根据权利要求6所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物的制备方法,其特征在于:
浓缩结束后,浸膏在80℃持续保温搅拌,搅拌30分钟。
10.权利要求1-5任一项所述的治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的中药复方提取物的应用,其特征在于:
所述中药复方提取物用于制备治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的药物;
所述的中药复方提取物加入或者不加入所述药学上可以接受的辅料,制成临床上可以接受的药剂;或者所述的中药复方提取物至少加入菊花药粉、谷精草药粉、密蒙花药粉、黄芩药粉或青黛药粉中的一种,混合均匀,加入所述药学上可以接受的辅料,制成临床上可以接受的药剂。
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