CN114524784A - 一种耐黄变、高防腐的腰果酚环氧固化剂制备方法 - Google Patents
一种耐黄变、高防腐的腰果酚环氧固化剂制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐黄变、高防腐的腰果酚环氧固化剂制备方法。腰果酚环氧活性稀释剂在催化剂催化条件下进行环氧基团开环反应,反应结束后分离催化剂;然后再按照比例加入多聚甲醛,胺类化合物进行曼尼希反应;真空脱水后加入适量改性物进行改性,最后加入少量固化促进剂得到腰果酚环氧固化剂。测试结果表明该固化剂耐黄变性能,耐腐蚀性能十分优异。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及腰果酚环氧树脂涂料技术领域,具体涉及到耐黄变、高防腐的腰果酚环氧固化剂制备方法。
背景技术
腰果酚作为一种价格低廉的可再生资源,近年来得到了广泛的应用,尤其是以腰果酚合成的环氧树脂固化剂,具有可低温固化性,提升固化物的力学性,耐水性、耐腐蚀性能优异等诸多优点;在深海船舶防腐、工业防腐领域应用越来越广泛。近几年国家一直在对海洋加大投资力度,其中防腐涂料也是一个突出点,防腐涂料已成为涂料领域重要的生力军,发挥着越来越大的作用,其发展前景可观。传统的腰果酚环氧固化剂结构上有酚羟基的存在,暴露在空气中容易被氧化,导致耐黄变性能较差,限制了其在一些领域的应用。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的腰果酚环氧固化剂耐黄变性能较差等问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种耐黄变性能优异、防腐性能好的腰果酚环氧固化剂制备方法。
本发明公开了一种耐黄变、高防腐的腰果酚环氧固化剂制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
1)如式(1)所示的腰果酚环氧活性稀释剂在催化剂存在下于40-80℃进行环氧基团开环反应,反应结束后水洗分离催化剂,真空脱水后所得产物备用;
2)向步骤1)得到的产物中加入多聚甲醛和胺类化合物,于50-120℃下反应进行曼尼希反应2-6h,反应结束后于60-100℃真空脱水2-4h,并将反应体系冷却至30-50℃;
3)向步骤2)的反应体系加入改性物和促进剂,于30-50℃下保温1-3h,得到耐黄变、高防腐的腰果酚环氧固化剂;
进一步地,本发明还限定了步骤1)中的催化剂为氟硼酸、磷酸、杂多酸HPA、硫酸中的一种或多种,催化剂的投料质量为腰果酚活性稀释剂质量的5%-30%,氧基团开环的反应时间为2-8h。
进一步地,本发明还限定了步骤1)中的催化剂分离过程为:40℃加入水,搅拌30min,静置分层,分离出含有催化剂的水层。
进一步地,本发明还限定了步骤2)中的胺类化合物为脂肪胺、脂环胺、或芳香胺,优选为乙二胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、间苯二甲胺、异弗尔酮二胺的一种或多种混合物。
进一步地,本发明还限定了步骤2)中的腰果酚环氧活性稀释剂、多聚甲醛、胺类化合物的摩尔比为1:1.5-2:1.5-2。
进一步地,本发明还限定了步骤3)中的改性物为环氧树脂828、乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚的一种或多种。
进一步地,本发明还限定了步骤3)中的促进剂为K-54促进剂。
通过采用上述技术,与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
1)本发明通过将腰果酚环氧活性稀释剂在催化剂存在下发生环氧基团开环反应,所得产物与多聚甲醛和胺类化合物进行曼尼希反应,合成腰果酚环氧固化剂;所得固化剂中不含酚羟基基团,能长时间暴露在空气中而不被氧化,极大的提升耐黄变性能;
2)本发明的腰果酚环氧活性稀释剂开环后形成醚键并且含羟基结构,在固化时能形成交联密度高致密的网状立体结构,赋予其十分优异的防腐性能性能,与市场同类产品相比较,其性能得到了较大的提升,具有较强的市场竞争力。
具体实施方式
以下实施例应用于本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1:
腰果酚环氧活性稀释剂196g投入反应瓶,于40℃下开始滴加50wt%磷酸水溶液58.8g,2h滴加完毕,滴加完成后40℃保温反应5h进行环氧基团开环反应,反应结束后加入100g水进行水洗30min,静置分去水层,有机层于80℃真空脱水1h;降温至45℃加入乙二胺24g、间苯二甲胺33.12g腰果酚环氧活性稀释剂,搅拌10min后加入多聚甲醛21.12g,升温至90℃保温反应5h,反应结束后降温至75℃真空脱水2h,继续降温至45℃加入乙二醇二缩水甘油醚5.48g,K-5413.88g保温搅拌1h,得到澄清透明液体即为腰果酚环氧固化剂,其粘度4280mpa.s,加德纳色度8。
实施例2:
腰果酚环氧活性稀释剂196g投入反应瓶;40℃开始同时滴加40wt%氟硼酸14.7g和50wt%磷酸水溶液31.36g,2h滴加完毕。滴加完成后40℃保温反应4h,加入100g水进行水洗30min,静置分去水层,80℃真空脱水1h,降温至45℃加乙二胺19.2g,二乙烯三胺24.72g,间苯二甲胺33.12g,搅拌10min后加入多聚甲醛26.4g;升温至105℃保温反应5h;降温至80℃真空脱水2h;继续降温至45℃加入二乙二醇缩水甘油醚6.58g,K-5416.54g搅拌1h,得到澄清透明液体腰果酚环氧固化剂,粘度4850mpa.s,加德纳色度9。
实施例3:
腰果酚环氧活性稀释剂392g投入反应瓶;40℃滴加20wt%杂多酸水溶液98g,滴加完成后40℃保温反应5h,加入150g水进行水洗30min,静置分去水层,80℃真空脱水1h。降温至45℃加入二乙烯三胺82.4g,间苯二甲胺77.28g,搅拌10min后加入多聚甲醛52.8g,升温至110℃保温4h;降温至75℃真空脱水2h;继续降温至45℃加入5.95g环氧树脂828,6.55g二乙二醇缩水甘油醚;31.60gK54搅拌1h;得到澄清透明液体。粘度5230mpa.s,加德纳色度8。
实施例4:
腰果酚环氧活性稀释剂392g投入反应瓶;40℃滴加50wt%硫酸水溶液98g,滴加完成后40℃保温反应5h,加入150g水进行水洗30min,静置分去水层,80℃真空脱水1h。降温至45℃加入乙二胺48g,异弗尔酮二胺68g,搅拌10min后加入多聚甲醛46.2g,升温至110℃保温4h;降温至75℃真空脱水2h;继续降温至45℃加入4.35g环氧树脂828,8.32g二乙二醇缩水甘油醚;25.75gK54搅拌1h;得到澄清透明液体。粘度6050mpa.s,加德纳色度8。
实施例5:
腰果酚环氧活性稀释剂196g投入反应瓶;40℃开始滴加50wt%磷酸水溶液117.6g,2h滴加完毕。滴加完成后40℃保温反应4h,加入100g水进行水洗30min,静置分去水层,80℃真空脱水1h,降温至45℃加入二乙烯三胺61.8g,搅拌10min后加入多聚甲醛19.8g;升温至120℃保温反应4h;降温至75℃真空脱水2h;继续降温至40℃加入二乙二醇缩水甘油醚6.42g,K-5417.29g搅拌1h,得到澄清透明液体腰果酚环氧固化剂,粘度4320mpa.s,加德纳色度9。
实施例6:
腰果酚环氧活性稀释剂196g投入反应瓶;40℃开始同时滴加50wt%磷酸水溶液36g,50wt%硫酸水溶液28g,2h滴加完毕。滴加完成后40℃保温反应4h,加入100g水进行水洗30min,静置分去水层,80℃真空脱水1h,降温至45℃加入乙二胺38.4g,搅拌10min后加入多聚甲醛23.76g;升温至80℃保温反应5h;升温至100℃真空脱水2h;降温至45℃加入环氧树脂8287.49g,K-5417.29g搅拌1h,得到澄清透明液体腰果酚环氧固化剂,粘度4220mpa.s,加德纳色度9。按GB/T 9276-1996《涂层自然气候暴露试验方法》制备漆膜,选择标准规定尺寸和材质的钢板,并按标准处理钢板。将实施例1-6制备得到的固化剂与环氧树脂828胺一定配比混合,以喷涂的方式制备漆膜,干膜厚度控制在60-80μm,放置7d后进行曝晒试验。
耐黄变性能测试结果如表1所示。
表1耐黄变性能测试结果表
将本发明实施例得到的固化剂与环氧树脂828(按照活泼氢当量1:1)混合,充分混合均匀后,以喷涂的方式制备漆膜,测试固化剂耐腐蚀性能,测试结果如表2所示:
表2实施例1-6产品的固化剂耐腐蚀性能表
备注:色漆测试数据为1000h腐蚀宽度。
其他性能测试如表3所示。
表3实施例1-6产品的耐冲击性等性能表
从上述测试数据可以看出,本发明得到的腰果酚环氧固化剂,耐黄变性能十分优异,耐腐蚀性能好,并且在其他性能方面没有明显的性能缺陷,对比同类型腰果酚环氧固化剂具有很明显的性能优势。
Claims (7)
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐黄变、高防腐的腰果酚环氧固化剂制备方法,其特征在于步骤1)中的催化剂为氟硼酸、磷酸、杂多酸HPA、硫酸中的一种或多种,催化剂的投料质量为腰果酚活性稀释剂质量的5%-30%,环氧基团开环的反应时间为2-8h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐黄变、高防腐的腰果酚环氧固化剂制备方法,其特征在于步骤1)中的催化剂分离过程为:40℃加入水搅拌30-35min,静置分层,分离出含有催化剂的水层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐黄变、高防腐的腰果酚环氧固化剂制备方法,其特征在于步骤2)中的胺类化合物为脂肪胺、脂环胺、或芳香胺,优选为乙二胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、间苯二甲胺、异弗尔酮二胺的一种或多种混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐黄变、高防腐的腰果酚环氧固化剂制备方法,其特征在于步骤2)中的腰果酚环氧活性稀释剂、多聚甲醛、胺类化合物的摩尔比为1:1.5-2:1.5-2。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐黄变、高防腐的腰果酚环氧固化剂制备方法,其特征在于步骤3)中的改性物为环氧树脂828、乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐黄变、高防腐的腰果酚环氧固化剂制备方法,其特征在于步骤3)中的促进剂为K-54促进剂。
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