CN1144193A - 医疗用水、其制造方法及利用该水作透析液的透析装置 - Google Patents
医疗用水、其制造方法及利用该水作透析液的透析装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种对作为各种疾病的起因的活性氧具有消除能力的医疗用水。将至少含有钠、钾、镁、钙离子的原水分别送入阳极室4及阴极室2中。在阴极1及阳极3之间,对每二块电极和一块隔膜,通以0.16mA/cm2-3.2mA/cm2的范围内的电流达0.5秒-5秒,电解上述的原水。由此方法可得到其以铂电极所测得的氧化还原电位在-150mV-0mV范围内的阴极水,这种阴极水具有去除患者血液中的活性氧的能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明一般说涉及一种医疗用水,更具体地说,涉及一种对体内发生的活性氧具有消除能力的医疗用水。本发明还涉及一种所述医疗用水的制造方法。本发明进一步涉及一种利用所述的水作为透析液的透析装置。
已有技术
现代医学的进步令人吃惊,每年上市的新药的品种也在增多。另外,医疗器械的开发也在进行,使医生可以更正确地把握患者的机体状态,进行准确的治疗。再有,每年也有很多医科大学的毕业生进入社会,促进医疗技术等的不断进步。发明欲解决的课题
如上所述,现代医学在不断地进步。然而,随着上述的医学进步,本来,病人人数似应逐步有所减少,但是,事实上,病人的人数仍在不断增加,其所需的医疗费用也是日益增加。其原因大概可以认为是,人们往往是就疾病的症状进行对症疗法的治疗,而不是进行根本性的治疗。
最近,在医疗领域,人们认识到,触发人类的各种疾病发生的起因为一种发生于人体内的活性氧(Superoxide Anion Radical:O2 -)。成为各种疾病的原因的该活性氧,可以认为是,溶入血液中的氧受到缺血再灌注、体内细菌、血液中的尿酸、中性脂肪、糖等的作用而被还原,或由于中性白细胞的作用而生成。
因此,在血液中尿酸、中性脂肪、糖等较多的患者的血液中,或在患有疾病的患者的血液中,含有很多的活性氧。活性氧与体内的DNA等起反应,会发生如过敏性皮炎等的各种疾病。
目前,有关血液中的活性氧的除去方法,全世界的医生及医疗机构都为之注目。
作为除去活性氧的代表性例子,迄今已报道,β-胡萝卜素、维生素C、维生素E及SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)食品等。然而,上述食品等如摄取过多,则存在着氧化作用等的副作用,则也是一个问题。
为此,本发明的目的是,提供一种医疗用水,所述的医疗用水对成为各种疾病发生的起因的活性氧具有消除能力。
本发明的另一目的是,提供一种所述的医疗用水的制造方法。
本发明的再一目的是,提供一种利用所述的医疗用水作为透析液的透析装置。发明的详述
按照本发明的第一个方面的医疗用水,用铂电极测定的氧化还原电位的实测值在-150mV-0mV的范围内。将该水煮沸,即成为氧化还原电位的实测值在-68mV-+55mV范围内的经灭菌的水。
如上所述的水,系在下述的特殊条件下电解水而在阴极一侧生成(以下,简称为阴极水)。本发明者们发现,所得的阴极水如改变一种表达方式,就是含有丰富的电子(e-)、质子(H+)的水,具有可以消除于体内产生的活性氧的能力。
所述的阴极水,其消除活性氧的反应的机制一般认为如下:
即,被认为是各种疾病之源的活性氧,由于与阴极水中所含的电子(e-)及质子(H+)的结合,而被还原,并变为H2O(水),从而被消除。
按照本发明的第二个方面的医疗用水的制造方法中,首先,准备一个电解水生成器,该电解水生成器含有以隔膜分开的内设阴极的阴极室和内设阳极的阳极室。将至少含有钠、钾、镁、钙离子的原水分别送入所述的阳极室及阴极室中。在上述阳极室及阴极室之间,对每二块电极和一块隔膜,通以0.16mA/cm2-3.2mA/cm2的范围内的电流,时间为0.5秒以上、5秒以下,电解上述的原水。其后,取出阴极室内的水。由此方法所得的阴极水,可以发现具有除去活性氧的能力。
按照本发明的第三个方面的透析装置,所述装置具备下述的组成装置:用于电解水的电解水生成装置;对从电解液储罐送来的阴极水进行过滤的过滤装置;将由上述过滤装置导出的阴极水作为透析液供应的透析液供给装置。
按照本发明的第三个方面的透析装置,因该装置具有电解水生成装置,所以,可将能除去成为各种疾病的原因的活性氧的阴极水作为透析液供给人体,因此,除了血液透析的效果之外,还可除去患者血液中的活性氧。
按照本发明的第四个方面的透析装置,所述装置具有用于电解水的电解水生成装置;使从所述的电解水生成装置送来的阴极水煮沸的煮沸装置;将由上述煮沸装置导出的阴极水作为透析液供应的透析液供给装置。
按照本发明的第四个方面的透析装置,因其具备煮沸装置,因此,可以杀灭阴极水中含有的细菌。发明的实施形态实施形态1
图1为关于本发明的制造医疗用水的电解水生成器的示意图。电解水生成器(HD-30)由内置阴极1的阴极室2和内置阳极3的阳极室4构成。阴极室2和阳极室4由隔膜5分开。阴极室2连接有取出阴极液的阴极液取出管6,阳极室4连接有将阳极水向外排出的排水管7。阴极室2及阳极室4,分别连接有给水管8,可以供给自来水、地下水、井水等至少含有钠、钾、镁、钙的原水。
将自来水及地下水、井水等原水送入阴极室2及阳极室4,在阴极1和阳极3之间,对每二块电极和一块隔膜,在室温下(18℃-22℃)通以0.16mA/cm2-3.2mA/cm2范围内的电流,时间为0.5秒以上、5秒以下,电解原水,得到具有如下特性的阴极水作为医疗用水。另外,在本说明书中所述的氧化还原电位(ORP)为用东亚电波株式会社制的ORP测量仪(RM-12P),用铂电极所测得的实测值。
pH8.0-9.5
ORP(氧化还原电位):±0mV--150mV
下面,制得具有各种特性的阴极水,考察其消除血液中的活性氧的能力。
图2系从一72岁的男性患者采集血液并和上述阴极水混合,将该混合后的血液中的活性氧的量随时间的变化以图表显示。在图2中,横轴表示时间,纵轴表示活性氧的量。图中,在右纵轴上标出“对照”的曲线是未加上述阴极水的数据。在右纵轴上标出1°、2°、3°、4°的曲线表示相对应于试验编号(PBS)的数据。
图3表示,从一38岁的男性患者采集血液,进行同样试验的结果。
从图2和图3可以看出,氧化还原电位(ORP)为-150mV-0mV的阴极水,其除去活性氧的能力很大。
图4为,使用本发明的阴极水和采自急性胰腺炎患者的血液,将它们混合并观察活性氧的量随时间的变化。记有自来水(Tap Water)的曲线表示将自来水和血液混合的数据;记有经还原的水(Reduced Water)的曲线为将本发明的阴极水和血液混合的结果。可以看到,用自来水时,活性氧的量并不减少,另一方面,用本发明的阴极水时,活性氧的量显著减少。
此外,自来水的pH为5.8-8.6,其氧化还原电位(ORP)为+200mV-+700mV。实施例1
下面,在不同的电解电流(A)(通常,以电流密度(mA/cm2)表示)之下进行电解(通电时间0.5-5秒),此时生成的水的pH和氧化还原电位(ORP)的值汇总于表1。电流密度表示每二块电极和一块隔膜组成的一组的数值。通过这些试验,可以明白,电流密度较好的是0.16mA/cm2-3.2mA/cm2,特别好的是0.224mA/cm2-1.6mA/cm2。
表1
电解电流(A) | 电流密度(mA/cm2) | pH | ORP(mV) |
0.3 | 1.0 | 8.9 | -43 |
1.0 | 3.2 | 9.7 | -142 |
1.5 | 4.9 | 10.1 | -188 |
2.0 | 6.5 | 10.4 | -210 |
其次,为了杀灭如上所得的阴极水中所含的细菌,也作了煮沸阴极水的试验。其结果,可以看到,煮沸后的阴极水,并未失去消除活性氧的能力。
说得详细些,是煮沸氧化还原电位为0mV及-150mV的二种电解水,维持沸腾状态5分钟,其后,冷却20分钟,测定其pH和ORP,结果示于表2及表3。
表2为使用高知市的水,在高知市进行测量的数据,表3为使用京都市的水,在京都市进行测量的数据。可以明白,煮沸阴极水,则可得到其氧化还原电位实测值在-68mV-+55mV范围内的、经灭菌的医疗用水。
表2
煮沸前 | 煮沸后 | |
pHORP | 9.260mV | 9.64+55mV |
pHORP | 11.2-150mV | 10.7-33mV |
表3
煮沸前 | 煮沸后 | |
pHORP | 8.7-10mV | 9.0+21mV |
pHORP | 9.8-172mV | 9.9-68mV |
如上所得的阴极水(煮沸前及煮沸后),可稳定80小时以上,如加以密封,则可保存一年左右而不会使特性劣化。发明的实施形态2
本发明的实施形态也涉及一种可将具有上述特性的阴极水用作透析液的经改进的透析装置。
在说明本发明的装置之前,先就已有的透析装置作一说明。
图5为已有的透析装置的示意图。参照图5,使自来水(原水)通过沉淀预过滤器1、除尘、在水软化装置2中使水软化;经活性炭过滤装置3,除去氯、氯胺和内毒素;通过UV(紫外线)灭菌灯4,送入反渗透装置5。反渗透装置5中,送入经加压的水,但是,透过该装置的仅约二分之一,其余的作为排水处理。上述透过的水为无菌的纯水,其后,蓄于RO水槽6,再以UV灭菌灯7灭菌,通过微孔过滤器8,送入透析液供给装置9。在这里,处理过的水按一定的碳酸氢钠原液和电解原液的比率混合,通过脱气装置,作为透析液供给人体。
由透析装置进行血液透析,是让进行体内循环的患者的血液和透析液(电解质溶液之一种),在称为dialyzer的透析器中,通过一薄膜而进行物质交换的治疗方法,该方法可除去和供给血液中的溶质并除去多余的水分。慢性肾功能不全的患者,通常,每周接受3次、每次4小时左右的血液透析。供给透析器的透析液的流量通常为500ml/分,因此,一次治疗所用的透析液的量可达每人500ml×240分=12万ml=120L。这样,所谓血液透析,即是用大量的水进行治疗,对于患者来说,用于血液透析的水其影响是很大的。本发明的实施形态即着眼于该目的,系将上述的具有特定组成的阴极水用于透析装置。
图6为与本发明的实施形态2有关的透析装置的示意图。
与本发明的实施形态2有关的透析装置,其与图5所示的已有的透析装置的不同之处是,该装置系在UV灭菌灯与反渗透装置5之间,插入电解水生成装置a和电解水储罐b。
使自来水(原水)通过沉淀过滤器1除尘;在水软化装置2中,使水软化;由活性炭过滤装置3,除去氯、氯胺和内毒素;通过UV(紫外线)灭菌灯4,再将通过上述处理的水送入电解水生成装置a进行电解。电解后所得的阴极水储存于电解水储罐b,送入反渗透装置5。此时透过该装置的水仅占送入的水的二分之一,其余未通过的水,经过设于反渗透装置5和电解水储存罐b之间的回水用的管道11,由泵p,送回电解水贮罐6。通过反渗透装置的水是几乎无菌的纯水,其后,蓄于RO水槽6,再通过UV灭菌灯7以及微孔过滤器8,送入透析液供给装置9。在这里,处理过的水按一定的碳酸氢钠原液和电解原液的比率混合,通过脱气装置,作为透析液供给人体10。
图7为将图6所示的活性炭过滤装置3、电解水生成装置(HD-30)a、电解水储罐b及反渗透装置5的部分取出,再作详细的图示。
在本发明的实施形态中,例示了设有四个电解水生成器(HD-30)的情况,但本发明并不限于此例。
另外在上述本发明的实施形态中的透析装置,例示了设有电解液储罐的情况,但是,本发明也并不限于此,电解液储罐并不是必要的,也可直接从电解水生成装置a将水供给反渗透装置5。
另外,在所示的本发明的实施形态中,作为用于过滤阴极水的装置,例示了反渗透过滤装置,但本发明并不限于此,也可采用中空纤维膜过滤装置过滤。
使用与本发明的实施形态2有关的透析装置,则除了可获得已有的血液渗透的效果之外,也可除去患者血液中的活性氧。其结果,对于慢性肾功能不全等的患者,可减少透析频度,且缩短透析时间,由此,受透析装置约束的时间可以减少。发明的实施形态3
图8为与本发明的实施形态3有关的透析装置的示意图。图8所示的透析装置,除了以下几点不同之外,其余皆和图6所示的透析装置相同,因此,同一或相当的装置标以同样的符号,不再重复说明。
图8所示的透析装置与图6所示的透析装置的不同之处如下。即,本发明的实施形态3有关的透析装置,不具备UV灭菌灯、反渗透装置、RO水槽、微孔过滤装置等的灭菌装置,而具有煮沸装置的锅炉12。从电解水贮槽b送至锅炉12的水经煮沸、灭菌后,送入透析液供给装置9,用于患者10。这样,以锅炉12取代灭菌装置,比起使用UV灭菌灯等的灭菌装置来,其成本及维修都有有利之处。
另外,上述本发明的实施形态1-3中,都例示了将具有上述特性的医疗用水用于清洗血液的例子,但是,本发明的用途并不限于这些,本发明的医疗用水也可用于林格氏溶液、手术用的洗净水等。附图的简单说明
图1为用于制造与本发明的实施形态1有关的医疗用水的电解水生成器的示意图。
图2所示为使用一72岁的男性患者的血液,考察与本发明的实施形态1有关的医疗用水的活性氧消除能力的结果。
图3所示为使用一38岁的男性患者的血液,考察与本发明的实施形态1有关的医疗用水的活性氧消除能力的结果。
图4所示为使用一急性胰腺炎患者的血液,对本发明的水的效果所作的考察结果。
图5为用于说明与本发明的实施形态2有关的透析装置的、以往的透析装置的示意图。
图6为与本发明的实施形态2有关的透析装置的示意图。
图7为与本发明的实施形态2有关的透析装置的特征装置的详图。
图8为与本发明的实施形态3有关的透析装置的示意图。
图中,5为反渗透装置,9为透析液供给装置,a为电解水生成装置,b为电解水储罐。
Claims (17)
1.一种医疗用水,其特征在于,所述水以铂电极所测得的氧化还原电位的实测值在-150mV-0mV的范围。
2.一种医疗用水,其特征在于,所述水以铂电极所测得的氧化还原电位的实测值在-68mV-+55mV的范围。
3.一种医疗用水,其特征在于,所述水含有电子和质子。
4.如权利要求3所述的医疗用水,其特征在于,所述的水含有充分数量的电子和质子,所述电子和质子根据下述反应式所示的反应机制,能将活性氧O2 -变为H2O:
5.一种医疗用水的制造方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
准备一个电解水生成器,该电解水生成器含有以隔膜分开的、内设阴极的阴极室和内设阳极的阳极室的准备工序;
将至少含有钠、钾、镁、钙离子的原水分别送入所述的阴极室及阳极室中的工序;
在上述阳极及阴极之间,对每二块电极和一块隔膜,通以0.16mA/cm2-3.2mA/cm2的范围内的电流达0.5秒-5秒,电解上述的原水的工序;
其后,取出上述阴极室内的水的工序。
6.如权利要求5所述的医疗用水的制造方法,其特征在于,所述原水的电解,由在所述阴极和阳极之间,通以0.224mA/cm2-1.6mA/cm2范围内的电流而进行。
7.如权利要求5所述的医疗用水的制造方法,其特征在于,所述方法进一步包括将所述取出的水煮沸的工序。
8.一种透析装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:
将水电解的电解水生成装置;
过滤由上述电解水生成装置送来的阴极水的过滤装置;
将由上述过滤装置导出的阴极水作为透析液供给的透析液供给装置。
9.如权利要求8所述的透析装置,其特征在于,上述的阴极水含有以铂电极所测得的氧化还原电位的实测值在-150mV-0mV的范围内的水。
10.如权利要求8所述的透析装置,其特征在于,上述的阴极水含有电子和质子。
11.如权利要求10所述的透析装置,其特征在于,上述的阴极水含有充分数量的电子和质子,所述电子和质子根据下述反应式所示的反应机制,能将活性氧O2 -变为H2O:
12.如权利要求8所述的透析装置,其特征在于,所述的透析装置包括设置于上述过滤装置中的、将从上述电解水生成装置过量送入的所述阴极水排出的排出装置。
13.如权利要求12所述的透析装置,其特征在于,所述的排水装置含有:
设置于所述的电解水生成装置和所述的过滤装置之间、将从上述过滤装置过量地送入的所述阴极水送回至上述电解水生成装置的回水管道,和
设置于上述回水管道内的泵。
14.一种透析装置,其特征在于,所述透析装置包括:
具有用于将水电解的电解水生成装置;
使从所述的电解水生成装置送来的阴极水煮沸的煮沸装置;
将由上述煮沸装置导出的阴极水作为透析液供应的透析液供给装置。
15.如权利要求14所述的透析装置,其特征在于,上述的阴极水是以铂电极所测得的氧化还原电位的实测值在-150mV-0mV的范围内的水。
16.如权利要求14所述的透析装置,其特征在于,上述的阴极水含有电子和质子。
17.如权利要求16所述的透析装置,其特征在于,上述的阴极水含有充分数量的电子和质子,所述电子和质子根据下述反应式所示的反应机制,能将活性氧O2 -变为H2O:
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP171902/1995 | 1995-07-07 | ||
JP171902/95 | 1995-07-07 | ||
JP17190295 | 1995-07-07 | ||
JP155647/96 | 1996-06-17 | ||
JP15564796A JP3193295B2 (ja) | 1995-07-07 | 1996-06-17 | 透析装置 |
JP155647/1996 | 1996-06-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1144193A true CN1144193A (zh) | 1997-03-05 |
CN1119291C CN1119291C (zh) | 2003-08-27 |
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CN96108522A Expired - Lifetime CN1119291C (zh) | 1995-07-07 | 1996-07-05 | 医疗用电解水的制造方法及利用该水作透析液的透析装置 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US5938915A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0752391B1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP3193295B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1119291C (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2180487C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69631857T2 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2120413C1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW505519B (zh) |
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- 1996-06-17 JP JP15564796A patent/JP3193295B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-25 TW TW085107609A patent/TW505519B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-03 US US08/675,660 patent/US5938915A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-04 CA CA002180487A patent/CA2180487C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-05 EP EP96304974A patent/EP0752391B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-05 DE DE69631857T patent/DE69631857T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-05 CN CN96108522A patent/CN1119291C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-05 RU RU96115403A patent/RU2120413C1/ru active
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- 2000-04-05 JP JP2000103512A patent/JP3436912B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1298309C (zh) * | 2001-12-11 | 2007-02-07 | 王小兵 | 缓冲剂对牙菌斑酸化的作用 |
CN1803147B (zh) * | 2001-12-11 | 2010-08-04 | 王小兵 | 缓冲剂对牙菌斑酸化的作用 |
CN101522231B (zh) * | 2006-04-21 | 2013-03-13 | 日本多宁股份有限公司 | 透析溶液制备用水、使用这种水的透析溶液、生产透析溶液的方法和透析设备 |
CN104114495A (zh) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-10-22 | 日本多宁股份有限公司 | 用来生产用于制备透析液的水的设备 |
CN108633273A (zh) * | 2017-01-18 | 2018-10-09 | 日本多宁股份有限公司 | 电解水生成装置及透析液调制用水的制备装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0977672A (ja) | 1997-03-25 |
EP0752391A3 (en) | 1997-11-12 |
JP3193295B2 (ja) | 2001-07-30 |
JP3436912B2 (ja) | 2003-08-18 |
TW505519B (en) | 2002-10-11 |
EP0752391B1 (en) | 2004-03-17 |
CN1119291C (zh) | 2003-08-27 |
DE69631857T2 (de) | 2005-03-17 |
JP2000350989A (ja) | 2000-12-19 |
RU2120413C1 (ru) | 1998-10-20 |
EP0752391A2 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
US5938915A (en) | 1999-08-17 |
CA2180487C (en) | 2001-04-10 |
CA2180487A1 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
DE69631857D1 (de) | 2004-04-22 |
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