CN1144068C - 亮度增强制品 - Google Patents

亮度增强制品 Download PDF

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CN1144068C
CN1144068C CNB988048892A CN98804889A CN1144068C CN 1144068 C CN1144068 C CN 1144068C CN B988048892 A CNB988048892 A CN B988048892A CN 98804889 A CN98804889 A CN 98804889A CN 1144068 C CN1144068 C CN 1144068C
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B·C·方
W·D·克雷特门
K·M·科奇克
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S·小科布
R·A·米勒
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T·R·威廉姆斯
丰冈和彦
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Abstract

一种亮度增强制品，它包括(a)一片挠性的透明基片；(b)第一主表面，它包括一系列钝头即圆顶的棱柱；所述圆顶可用弦宽、横截面谷底间宽和曲率半径来表征，其中弦宽约等于横截面谷底间宽的20-40%，曲率半径约等于横截面谷底间宽的20-50%；以及(c)具有许多光散射突起的第二主表面，在所述第一表面具有基本平的外形的条件下测得的该制品的浊度值约为20-60%，透射率不超过约94%。

Description

亮度增强制品
发明的背景
本发明涉及增强漫射发光设备的同轴光亮度(在本文中称之为“亮度”)。
用于例如计算机这类设备的显示器具有一种材料(如液晶组合物)和用于从背面照射该材料的光源。业已在背光源和显示器之间放置薄膜，通过控制光线的出射角来增加显示器的亮度。
发明的概述
本发明总体上涉及一种亮度增强制品，它包括：(a)一片挠性的透明基片；(b)第一主表面，它包括一系列钝头即圆顶的线性棱柱；以及(c)具有许多光散射突起的第二主表面。这些突起使得该表面具有无光泽的外观。所述圆顶可用弦宽、横截面谷底间宽(pitch width)和曲率半径来表征，其中弦宽约等于横截面谷底间宽的20-40％，曲率半径约等于横截面谷底间宽的20-50％。在所述第一表面具有基本平的形貌的条件下测得的该制品的浊度值约为20-60％，透射率不超过约94％。
所述棱柱的谷部角(root angle)宜约为70°-110°，较好约85°-95°。约90°的谷部角是最好的。
在一个较好的实例中，第二主表面与基片连成一体，即所述突起呈由基片材料制成的“隆起”状。在另一个较好的实例中，第二主表面由一层在基片上的树脂所形成。当第二主表面是由单独的树脂层形成时，所述突起可以呈分散在树脂层中的颗粒状，或者可以与树脂层本身连成一体(即呈由树脂制成的“隆起”状)。
在一个较好的实例中，制品的第一主表面与基片连成一体。在这类实例中，在测定浊度值和透射率值时，将一种材料(如折射率匹配的油)施涂在第一表面上，使之填入钝头即圆顶之间的“凹谷”中，使表面基本平坦。
在另一个较好的实例中，第一主表面是由带上述棱柱的单独的树脂层形成。在这类实例中，在施加这种树脂层前在制品上测定浊度值和透射率值。
本发明还涉及一种增强均匀地漫射的发光设备的亮度的方法，它包括将上述亮度增强制品与该设备的发光表面基本平行放置。本发明还涉及均匀地漫射发光设备，它包括上述亮度增强制品。较好的设备的例子包括背面发光的显示器，如背面发光的液晶显示器。
本发明提供一种具有无光泽外观的亮度增强制品，它显示出良好的增益，在水平和垂直平面上均具有宽的观察角，柔和的截止亮度(soft cut-off)和良好的耐磨性。无光泽的外观还有助于掩盖制品以及使用该制品的设备中不完美的缺陷，如制造或安装过程中造成的划痕、白点和瑕疵。
由下面较好实例的描述和权利要求书可清楚地了解本发明的其它特征和优点。
附图简述
图1是多层亮度增强制品的剖面图；
图2是单块亮度增强制品的剖面图。
较好实例的描述
亮度增强制品具有一层挠性的透明基层和两个不同的表面，设计每个表面的形貌，使之具有控制背面发光的显示器发出的光线的出射角的功能，在所述显示器中所述制品与所述显示器的发光表面基本平行放置。所述制品可具有许多形状。图1表示一种多层亮度增强制品10。制品10包括一层挠性的透明基层12，在基层12的相反的两个表面上带有两个单独的层14和16。
层12通常是一层薄的挠性聚合物层，它由例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或聚碳酸酯这类材料制成。层12的厚度较好约25-500微米。
层14的厚度较好约1-50微米。层14的作用是提供一个光漫射表面。为此，层14包括许多从层14表面上突起的单元18。如图1所示，这些单元较好是分散在聚合物树脂中的颗粒。合适的颗粒的例子包括二氧化硅、氧化铝、碳酸钙和玻璃和塑料小球。该单元还可以是由树脂本身或其它材料制成的并沉积在层14表面上的“隆起”。前者的例子是购自A.G.Bayer of Germany商品名为“Makrofol”的产品。
选择单元18的粒径、粒径分布和载料量，以提供具有漫射光能力的无光泽表面，所述漫射光能力是用在不存在层16的情况下，根据ASTM D-1003-95使用购自Byk-Gardner of Silver Spring，MD的Haze-Gard Plus浊度仪测得的制品10的浊度值和透射率表示的。该浊度值较好约20-60％，并且透射百分率不大于约94％。
具有挠性的透明基层并带有具有许多从其表面上突起的颗粒的树脂层的制品可以“MarnotTM XL Matte MelinexR Film”和“MarnotTM XL Matte LexanR品可以“MarnotTM XL Matte MelinexR Film”和“MarnotTM XL Matte LexanR Film”的商品名购自Tekra，Inc.，New Berlin，WI。尤其发现55GU、35GU和20GU品级的MarnotTM XL Matte MelinexR Film是合适的。
层16的厚度较好约10-75微米。层16的作用与层14一样用于控制发出光的角度。层16较好是一层具有能达到该目的的形貌的聚合物树脂层。合适的树脂包括丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯单体的紫外光聚合产物。一种较好的树脂是溴化的烷基取代苯基丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯(如丙烯酸4，6-二溴-2-仲丁基苯酯)、甲基苯乙烯单体、溴化的环氧二丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸2-苯氧基乙酯和六官能的芳族聚氨酯丙烯酸酯低聚物的紫外光聚合产物，这可参见同样转让给本申请的受让人并与本申请同时提交的Fong等的题为“化学组合物和聚合物以及由它们制得的聚合材料”的美国专利申请08/853,995，该申请在此引为参考。
层16的形貌特征在于一系列具有钝头即圆顶20的线性棱柱，该圆顶20具有弦宽20、横截面谷底间宽24、曲率半径26和谷部角28，其中弦宽等于横截面谷底间宽的约20-40％，曲率半径约等于横截面谷底间宽的约20-50％。谷部角约为70-110°，较好约85-95°，约为90°的谷部角是最好的。选择该阵列中棱柱的放置方式，使所需的光学性能最佳。为此，可例如对棱柱进行排列以形成许多交替区，在这些交替区，圆顶与自由选择的普通参照平面具有不同的间距，这可参见1997年4月3日提交的Wortman等的题为“具有各种高度的结构表面的导光薄膜及其制得的导光制品”的美国专利申请08/832,132，该申请同样转让给本申请的受让人并在此引为参考。为了减少波纹干涉图案的可见度，相邻两组圆顶可具有不同的谷底间宽，这可参见Cobb等1996年4月12日提交的题为“不同谷底间宽结构的光学薄膜”的美国专利申请08/631,073。该申请同样转让给本申请的受让人并在此引为参考。
较好用Lu等的美国专利5,175,030和Lu的美国专利5,183,597所述的方法在树脂表面上造成形貌。具体地说，使树脂组合物与带有与所需形貌相反形状的模具接触。在与模具接触的同时通过例如紫外光照射对树脂组合物进行固化，使树脂表面具有所需的形貌。
亮度增强制品还可以如图2所示，是单块状的制品。具体地说，亮度增强制品30包括一层挠性的基层32，它具有一对相反的表面34和36，这两个表面均与基层32连成一体。适用于作为层32的合适的材料与上面在描述多层制品10时所述的材料相同。
表面34包括一系列突起的漫射光单元38。这些单元可以是由与层32相同的材料制成的表面上的“隆起”
表面36包括一系列具有钝头即圆顶40的线性棱柱，它与基层32连成一体。如制品10的情况那样，该圆顶具有弦宽42、横截面谷底间宽44、曲率半径46和谷部角48，其中弦宽等于横截面谷底间宽的约20-40％，曲率半径约等于横截面谷底间宽的约20-50％。谷部角约为70-110°，较好约85-95°，约为90°的谷部角是最好的。如制品10那样，选择在阵列中棱柱的放置方式，使所需的光学性能最佳。
用于制造表面36形貌的具体方法不是关键的。一种适用的模塑法描述在Benson等1995年6月7日提交的题为“超挠性的逆向反射立方角复合片及其制造方法”的美国专利08/472,444中，该专利同样转让给本申请的受让人并在此引为参考。
在带有棱柱的表面与基层连成一体的制品(如制品30)的情况下，在测定浊度值和透射率值时，将一种材料(如折射率匹配的油)施涂在带有圆顶的表面上，使之填入钝头即圆顶之间的“凹谷”中，使表面基本平坦。合适的油的折射率与该表面的折射率基本相等。随后根据ASTM D-1003-95使用Haze-Gard Plus浊度仪测得浊度和透射率。
下面，通过实施例进一步说明本发明。除非另有说明，否则所有的量均以重量百分数表示。
实施例
实施例1
将52份溴化的环氧丙烯酸酯(购自UCB-Radcure of Smyrna，GA，商品名为RDX 51027)和9份丙烯酸2-苯氧基乙酯(购自Henkel Corp.，Ambler，PA，商品名为Photomer 4035)混合在一起，并在100℃加热以软化溴化的环氧丙烯酸酯，随后将这两种组合混合成流体。接着将11份甲基苯乙烯(购自Monomer-Polymer & Dajac laboratories，Inc.，Feasterville，PA，为间位和对位异构体的70∶30混合物)和25份丙烯酸4，6-二溴-2-仲丁基苯酯(根据Olson在与本发明同时提交的题为“高折射率单体”的美国专利申请08/853,981中所述的方法制得，该专利同样转让给本申请的受让人，并在此引为参考)混入该流体混合物中，再加入3份六官能芳族聚氨酯丙烯酸酯低聚物(购自UCB-Radcure of Smyrna，GA，商品名为EB-220)，接着加入0.3份非离子含氟表面活性剂(FC-430，购自美国3M公司)和3份光引发剂(2，4，6-三甲基苯甲酰基二苯基氧化膦)并将其至
使用刮刀涂覆机将形成的组合物涂覆在Tekra MarnotTM XL Matte MelinexR55 GU薄膜(购自Tekra Corp.，New Berlin，WI)的光滑一面，使树脂涂层的厚度为25微米。将该涂覆膜与具有细微棱柱图案的模具接触，接着将模具和涂覆膜加热至130°F，随后使之以20-25ft/min的速度通过一个紫外光灯(300W/英寸2)，以固化树脂并同时将模具的棱柱图案复制在树脂表面。固化后，将涂覆膜从模具上取下，得到具有如下表面特征的产品：
    弦宽                      16.8微米
    曲率半径                  14.8微米
    谷部角                    90°
    谷底间宽                  50微米
    弦宽/谷底间宽             33.6％
“增益”指具有亮度增强膜的背面发光的显示器的亮度与无该膜的该显示器的亮度之比。“观察角”指同轴亮度下降50％时的角度。在水平面(即与形成亮度增强膜的一个表面的棱柱的长轴平行的平面)和垂直平面(即与棱柱的长轴垂直的平面)进行这种测试。
使用带有夏普C12P型STN背光(购自日本夏普公司)作为背光源的Eldim EZContrast Conoscopic Measurement Device(购自Eldim Co.of Caen，France)测定薄膜的增益和观察角，该Conoscopic Measurement Device给出垂直平面和水平面的增益对观察角曲线。曲线的最大斜率是截止亮度(brightness cut-off)“柔和性”的尺度，要求斜率较小。结果如下：
    增益                        1.30
    观察角(垂直)                37.0°
    观察角(水平)                51.9°
    最大斜率(垂直)              0.0576增益/°
    最大斜率(水平)              0.0612增益/°
实施例2
如实施例1制得薄膜，但是所用的薄膜是Tekra MarnotTM XL Matte MelinexR20 GU膜。固化后从模具上取下薄膜，得到具有下列表面特征的产品：
    弦宽                        10.4微米
    曲率半径                    10.5微米
    谷部角                      90°
    谷底间宽                    50微米
    弦宽/谷底间宽               20.8％
如上所述测定增益、观察角和增益对观察角曲线的最大斜率。。结果如下：
    增益                        1.28
    观察角(垂直)                37.4°
    观察角(水平)                53.2°
    最大斜率(垂直)              0.0495增益/°
    最大斜率(水平)              0.0584增益/°
其它实例在所附权利要求范围内。
例如，制品可具有一个基层，钝头即圆顶突起与该基层连成一体，并且无光泽的表面以单独的树脂层的形式形成于该基层上。或者，无光泽的表面与基层连成一体，以树脂层的形式形成带突起的表面。
亮度增强制品可与一种或多种其它亮度增强制品组合在一起。这种其它制品可以与原来的制品相同或不同。例如，该制品可与第二种亮度增强制品组合在一起，所述第二种制品中的棱柱具有尖顶而非圆顶或钝头。

Claims (19)

1.一种亮度增强制品，它包括：
(a)一片挠性的透明基片，所述基片包括第一主表面和第二主表面；
(b)所述第一主表面包括一系列钝头即圆顶的线性棱柱；所述圆顶用弦宽、横截面谷底间宽和曲率半径来表征，其中弦宽等于横截面谷底间宽的20-40％，曲率半径等于横截面谷底间宽的20-50％；以及
(c)所述第二主表面具有许多光散射突起，
在所述第一表面具有平的形貌的条件下测得的该制品的浊度值为20-60％，透射率不超过94％。
2.如权利要求1所述的亮度增强制品，其特征在于所述棱柱的谷部角为70°-110°。
3.如权利要求1所述的亮度增强制品，其特征在于所述棱柱的谷部角为85°-95°。
4.如权利要求1所述的亮度增强制品，其特征在于所述棱柱的谷部角为90°。
5.如权利要求1所述的亮度增强制品，其特征在于所述第二主表面由一层在基片上的树脂所形成。
6.如权利要求5所述的亮度增强制品，其特征在于光散射突起包括分散在所述树脂中的颗粒。
7.如权利要求5所述的亮度增强制品，其特征在于所述光散射突起与树脂层连成一体。
8.如权利要求1所述的亮度增强制品，其特征在于所述第一主表面与基片连成一体。
9.如权利要求1所述的亮度增强制品，其特征在于所述第一主表面是由一层带有所述棱柱的树脂所形成。
10.一种亮度增强制品，它包括：
(a)一片挠性的透明基片；
(b)在所述基片上的一层树脂层形成的第一主表面，
所述第一主表面包括一系列钝头即圆顶的棱柱，所述圆顶用弦宽、横截面谷底间宽和曲率半径来表征，其中弦宽等于横截面谷底间宽的20-40％，曲率半径等于横截面谷底间宽的20-50％；以及
(c)在所述基片上的一层树脂层形成的第二主表面，
所述第二主表面包括许多散射光突起，
在所述第一表面具有平的形貌的条件下测得的该制品的浊度值为20-60％，透射率不超过94％。
11.如权利要求10所述的亮度增强制品，其特征在于所述棱柱的谷部角为70°-110°。
12.如权利要求10所述的亮度增强制品，其特征在于所述棱柱的谷部角为85°-95°。
13.如权利要求10所述的亮度增强制品，其特征在于所述棱柱的谷部角为90°。
14.一种增强均匀地漫射的发光设备的亮度的方法，所述发光设备具有一个发光表面，
所述方法包括将亮度增强制品与所述发光表面平行放置，所述制品包括：
(a)一片挠性的透明基片；
(b)第一主表面，它包括一系列钝头即圆顶的线性棱柱；
所述圆顶可用弦宽、横截面谷底间宽和曲率半径来表征，其中弦宽等于横截面谷底间宽的20-40％，曲率半径等于横截面谷底间宽的20-50％；以及
(c)具有许多光散射突起的第二主表面，
在所述第一表面具有平的形貌的条件下测得的该制品的浊度值为20-60％，透射率不超过94％。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法，它包括将所述亮度增强制品与背面发光的显示设备的发光表面基本平行放置。
16.如权利要求14所述的方法，它包括将所述亮度增强制品与背面发光的液晶显示设备的发光表面基本平行放置。
17.一种设备，它包括：
(a)具有一个发光表面的均匀地漫射的发光设备；和
(b)与所述发光表面平行放置的亮度增强制品，
所述亮度增强制品包括：
(i)一片挠性的透明基片；
(ii)第一主表面，它包括一系列钝头即圆顶的棱柱；
所述圆顶可用弦宽、横截面谷底间宽和曲率半径来表征，其中弦宽等于横截面谷底间宽的20-40％，曲率半径等于横截面谷底间宽的20-50％；以及
(iii)具有许多光散射突起的第二主表面，
在所述第一表面具有平的形貌的条件下测得的该制品的浊度值为20-60％，透射率不超过94％。
18.如权利要求17所述的设备，其特征在于所述发光设备是背面发光的显示设备。
19.如权利要求17所述的设备，其特征在于所述发光设备是背面发光的液晶显示设备。
CNB988048892A 1997-05-09 1998-05-06 亮度增强制品 Expired - Fee Related CN1144068C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US08/853,261 1997-05-09
US08/853,261 US6280063B1 (en) 1997-05-09 1997-05-09 Brightness enhancement article

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CN1144068C true CN1144068C (zh) 2004-03-31

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EP (1) EP0980533B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2001524225A (zh)
KR (1) KR100605430B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1144068C (zh)
AU (1) AU735173B2 (zh)
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