CN114377034A - 一种用于关节炎治疗的生物制剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种用于关节炎治疗的生物制剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于关节炎治疗的生物制剂及其制备方法和应用,所述生物制剂包括:富含miR140‑5p的尿源干细胞外泌体。本发明采用取富含miR140‑5p的尿源干细胞外泌体悬液用于膝骨关节炎患者关节腔注射治疗,同时结合了间充质干细胞及miR140‑5p缓解骨关节炎进展及促进软骨再生的作用,避免了干细胞注射治疗时的生物学隐患及miR140‑5p注射治疗靶向性差,治疗效率低的不足,是一种新型富有创新性及临床转换价值的膝骨关节炎治疗注射型生物制剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药技术领域,具体涉及一种用于关节炎治疗的生物制剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
在现有的指南及专家共识中,骨关节炎采取基础治疗、药物治疗、修复性治疗、重建治疗的阶梯式治疗方案。其中药物治疗开始使用有抗炎症·镇痛效果的非甾体类药剂(NSAIDs)。其次,关节腔注射肾上腺皮质激素剂或硫酸软骨素钠、透明质酸等关节软骨的保护剂的治疗。另外,作为对关节变性疾病的治疗药,使用作为信号级联放大体系拮抗剂的p21活性化激酶(PAK)拮抗剂(特表2007-537134号公报)或包含反义聚核苷酸、核酶及小分子干扰RNA等的医药组合物(特表2008-516593号公报)没有得到充分的效果。除此之外,在现在进行的治疗药开发中,开发以软骨再生促进因子(白介素(IL)-1等)为目的的治疗药、尝试将诱导软骨修复再生的因子用作药剂,但现状是没有得到满意的结果。
因此,现有技术中迫切需要可有效治疗骨关节炎相关疾病的药物。在部分临床试验中关注到干细胞关节腔注射可能能够缓解骨关节炎的进展,但其明确的疗效仍然有待进一步明确,且应用细胞制剂的安全性考虑仍然是干细胞治疗骨关节炎的一大阻碍,因此,近年来非细胞型生物制剂在骨关节炎治疗中的研究逐渐成为一个热点,比如间充质干细胞来源外泌体。
中国专利申请CN113699229A公开一种MicroRNA-100-5p在预防或治疗非创伤性股骨头坏死中的应用,其通过收集髋关节置换术中的股骨头,使用液氮研磨法研磨骨组织为粉末,加入无酶PBS制成匀浆,再使用超速离心法以100000g的转速离心提取外泌体。检测坏死区外泌体中miR-100-5p的表达情况;检测miR-100-5p对骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的影响;检测miR-100-5p对人脐静脉微内皮细胞血管形成的影响。坏死区外泌体中,miR-100-5p表达上调;上调的miR-100-5p抑制骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化和人脐静脉微内皮细胞的血管生成。
中国专利申请CN113662970A公开了一种脐带干细胞制剂在制备治疗骨关节炎药物中的应用,所述脐带干细胞制剂中包括:脐带间充质干细胞、组织提取液和异甘草素。其中,脐带干细胞能够在一定程度上降低炎症反应,提高软骨细胞标志基因的表达,加入组织提取液、异甘草素与脐带干细胞混合使用可以有效提高脐带干细胞的修复功能,从而发挥其治疗骨关节炎的药效。
中国专利申请CN113694076A公开了一种miRNA在制备用于治疗关节炎的药物中的用途,其将能够广泛靶向修复骨关节炎相关软骨基质及组织的miR-17-5p,并且在小鼠DMM模型中鉴定了miR-17-5p的骨关节炎治疗能力,并在临床样本中鉴定了骨关节炎严重程度与miR-17-5p表达水平高低的联系,同时还制备了能够自主、持续表达miR-17-5p的人间充质干细胞,建立以细胞为载体的miR-17-5p递送治疗系统,可作为慢性骨关节炎的治疗方法。
然而,现用于膝骨关节炎治疗的干细胞等生物制剂存在不易获取,取材时会对供体形成创伤,制备不易及引起患者免疫排斥反应等缺陷。因此,提供一种来源丰富、无免疫排斥反应、无创伤的生物制剂有效缓解骨关节炎进展并促进软骨再生是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
基于上述背景技术,本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种用于关节炎治疗的生物制剂及其制备方法和应用。为了实现本发明的发明目的,拟采用如下技术方案:
本发明一方面涉及一种用于关节炎治疗的生物制剂,其特征在于包括:富含miR140-5p(miR140基因位于编码E3泛素蛋白连接酶基因Wwp2的16号外显子与17号外显子之间,高度保守,仅在软骨组织中表达,具有高度软骨特异性,且具有一定的软骨保护作用)的尿源干细胞外泌体。
本发明使用的尿源干细胞来源丰富,取材无创,可以由患者本人提供,应用后没有免疫排斥反应。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,所述尿源干细胞来源于自体或者是来自于商业途径。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,所述miR140-5p由慢病毒载体转染到尿源干细胞。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,所述生物制剂为注射制剂,所述富含miR140-5p的尿源干细胞外泌体以悬浮液的形式存在。
本发明另一方面还涉及上述生物制剂的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
取人清洁中段尿液获取尿源干细胞;
将miR140-5p包装到慢病毒载体中;
将慢病毒载体转染到尿源干细胞中获取过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞稳定株;
从过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞稳定株中获得富含miR140-5p的尿源干细胞外泌体。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,所述将miR140-5p包装到慢病毒载体中涉及三个质粒,分别为:携带目的基因戒靶点序列的工具载体质粒(GV115、GV118、GV365载体等),病毒包装辅助质粒(Helper 1.0),病毒包装辅助质粒(Helper2.0)。
本发明另一方面还涉及上述生物制剂在制备治疗关节炎的药物中的应用;优选地,所述的关节炎是骨关节炎。
有益效果
首先,相比于以往其他类型干细胞在骨关节炎治疗中的研究,本发明首次应用从清洁中段尿中分离培养获得的尿源性干细胞,此干细胞可由患者本人提供,来源丰富,取材无创且应用后没有免疫排斥反应,相比其他类型干细胞的获得具有很大的优势;其次,具有关节软骨保护作用的miR140-5p可以慢病毒载体顺利转染进入尿源干细胞而获得稳定过表达miR140-5p的尿源干细胞稳定株;最后提取富含miR140-5p的尿源干细胞外泌体悬液用于膝骨关节炎患者关节腔注射治疗,同时结合了间充质干细胞及miR140-5p缓解骨关节炎进展及促进软骨再生的作用,避免了干细胞注射治疗时的生物学隐患及miR140-5p注射治疗靶向性差,治疗效率低的不足,是一种新型富有创新性及临床转换价值的膝骨关节炎治疗注射型生物制剂。
附图说明
图1人尿源性干细胞提取过程图示;
图2人尿源性干细胞鉴定;
人尿源性干细胞表现出米粒样的形态(比例尺=200μm)。首先,人尿源性干细胞具有向骨组织、脂肪组织和软骨组织分化方面的干细胞多向分化能力(标尺:200μm)。其次,通过流式细胞术分析发现人尿源性干细胞表面的CD29、CD44、CD45、CD73和CD105标记物阳性,而CD34和HLA-DR为阴性,符合干细胞定义。
图3慢病毒包装过程图示;
图4过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞稳定株鉴定;
采用慢病毒转染的形式将miR140-5p转染至人尿源性干细胞,12h后荧光显微镜下观察转染效果,确定转染成功后,以3-5ug/ml的嘌呤霉素作用于转染后的尿源性干细胞,去除未转染成功的细胞,筛选一周后,最终获得过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞稳定株。
图5过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞外泌体提取及鉴定;
透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察到双囊泡的外泌体形态(比例尺=100nm)。用纳米颗粒追踪分析仪(NTA)测量外泌体的粒径分布发现,其平均粒径大小在135nm,符合外泌体大小范围。通过western印迹法测定外泌体表面标记物发现CD9和CD63为阳性,而calnexin为阴性。均提示符合外泌体生物学特征。
图6膝关节骨关节炎大鼠模型建立步骤;
图7关节腔注射过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞外泌体治疗大鼠膝骨关节炎组织学评价。
在经前交叉韧带及内侧半月板前脚剪除手术完成大鼠膝关节OA造模后,大鼠关节腔注射过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞外泌体或者PBS,剂量为100ul,每周一次,至第四周及第八周取材。治疗后发现较PBS组,关节腔注射过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞外泌体可明显缓解大鼠软骨退变,关节表面更光滑,组织学显示软骨细胞数量及软骨厚度也较PBS组有所增加。
具体实施方式
为了进一步理解本发明,下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
如无特殊说明,本发明实施例中所涉及的试剂均为市售产品,均可以通过商业渠道购买获得。
实施例1:
第一部分人尿源干细胞提取及鉴定
人尿源性干细胞的提取过程如图1所示,具体而言,取人清洁中段尿液50mL-250mL,于50mL离心管中,400g离心10min,于生物安全柜中弃去上层尿液上,加入40mL含1%双抗(Gibco)的PBS,与底部尿液混匀,400g,离心5min。重复PBS洗涤尿液的步骤两遍。吸弃上清,加入5mL尿源干细胞(hUSCs)培养基将离心管底部细胞重悬,再将细胞悬液吸入T25培养瓶中,放入37℃含5%CO2孵箱中培养观察。
取生长良好的第3代USCs,流式细胞术检测细胞表面抗原(包括CD24、CD29、CD44、CD73、CD90、CD105、CD133和CD34)表达,另外,分别以成骨、成脂、成软骨诱导培养基诱导培养软骨细胞30天,再以茜素红染色、油红O染色及阿尔新蓝染色鉴定其三向分化能力,鉴定结果如图2所示,人尿源性干细胞表现出米粒样的形态(比例尺=200μm)。首先,人尿源性干细胞具有向骨组织、脂肪组织和软骨组织分化方面的干细胞多向分化能力(标尺:200μm)。其次,通过流式细胞术分析发现人尿源性干细胞表面的CD29、CD44、CD45、CD73和CD105标记物阳性,而CD34和HLA-DR为阴性,符合干细胞定义。
第二部分miR140-5p up慢病毒载体构建和包装
miR140-5p up慢病毒载体构建和包装由吉凯公司根据现有技术中常规的方法进行,简述如下:利用限制性内切酶Age I和EcoR I酶切GV209 Vector获得线性化载体。PCR扩增制备目的片段(引物序列如表1所示)。所用扩增引物在设计时需在其5’端添加同源重组序列,使用该引物扩增目的片段,扩增产物5’和3’最末端的序列分别与线性化克隆载体两末端序列完全一致。以线性化载体和目的扩增产物配制反应体系,进行重组反应,实现线性化载体和目的片段的体外环化。重组产物直接进行转化,挑取平板上的单兊隆进行PCR鉴定,对阳性克隆进行测序及结果分析。将正确克隆菌液扩大培养、抽提,获得高纯度质粒,用于下游病毒包装。如图3所示,采用二代自失活型慢病毒包装系统完成包装过程。病毒包装共涉及三个质粒,分别为:携带目的基因戒靶点序列的工具载体质粒(GV115、GV118、GV365载体等),病毒包装辅助质粒(Helper 1.0),病毒包装辅助质粒(Helper 2.0)。采用三质粒共转染(pHelper 1.0载体中含有HIV病毒的gag基因,编码病毒主要的结构蛋白;pol基因,编码病毒特异性的酶;rev基因,编码调节gag和pol基因表达的调节因子。pHelper 2.0载体中含有单纯疱疹病毒来源的VSV-G基因,提供病毒包装所需要的包膜蛋白。)293T细胞,在转染完成后的48-72h进行病毒收获(即未纯化的细胞上清液),采用相应的浓缩纯化方式得到高滴度的慢病毒保存液,最后根据严格的质量标准测定慢病毒的各项指标,慢病毒的质量控制要点包括物理状态检测、无菌检测及病毒滴度检测。
表1引物
ID | Seq* |
hsa-mir-140(9747-1)-P1 | gaggatccccgggtaccggttttccgtggtgacctcc |
hsa-mir-140(9747-1)-P2 | cacacattccacaggctagtgctgggctgtttgtgg |
*引物说明:含交换配对碱基、酶切位点,并含有目的基因5’端部分序列用于PCR钓取目的基因。
1.物理指标检测
1)颜色判定:通过肉眼判定,吉凯公司研収的慢病毒保存液呈粉红色澄清液体状;
2)粘稠度判定:用20-200μl觃格秱液器缓慢吸叏50μl慢病毒保存液体,无明显粘稠感戒吸液滞后现象;
2.无菌检测
将病毒加入293T细胞验证,正常培养24h后镜检,无任何细菌及真菌污染情况,同时参照空细胞组,细胞间隙无明显颗粒存在,培养基澄清透明。
3.滴度分析
若为荧光标记的慢病毒,根据荧光图片中GFP表达情况,在1E-6μl病毒原液感染孔中观察到2个荧光细胞,说明该孔中至少有2个病毒颗粒感染了细胞,则
病毒滴度=荧光细胞数/病毒原液量=2/(1E-6)=2E+6(TU/μl)=2E+9(TU/ml)
若为带有puromycin抗性的慢病毒,通过感染后的活细胞数量来计算病毒滴度。
例如在加入1E-5μl病毒原液的孔中观察到3个细胞存活,说明该孔中至少有3个病毒颗粒感染了细胞,则病毒滴度=活细胞数/病毒原液量=3/(1E-5)=3E+5(TU/μl)=3E+8(TU/ml),病毒滴度定量结果如表2所示。
表2病毒滴度检测报告
病毒名称 | 滴度(TU/mL) |
LV-hsa-mir-140(9747-1) | 3E+8 |
第三部分过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞稳定株制备
取生长良好的第3代USCs,以10×104/孔接种于6孔板中,至细胞汇合度为40-60%时,更换培养基,加入由完全培养基、miR140-5p up慢病毒载体和HiTransGA感染增强液组成的转染培养基,培养12h后更换完全培养基继续观察细胞生长,待36-72h后在细胞传代过程中加入嘌呤霉素进行细胞筛选,保留转染成功的hUSCs,制备过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞稳定株并行qPCR鉴定,鉴定结果如图4所示,结果显示成功获得过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞稳定株。
第四部分:过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞稳定株扩增提取外泌体并鉴定
通过差速超速离心技术(25℃水浴解冻细胞无外泌体上清,冰上放置;4℃下,2,000×g离心10min,取上清液;再次4℃下,10,000×g离心30min,取上清液;样本转移至超高速离心管中,4℃下,110,000×g离心75min,弃上清;用1ml 1×PBS重悬沉淀,重悬后各用1×PBS稀释,0.22μm膜过滤;样本再次转移至超高速离心管中,4℃下,110,000×g离心75min,弃上清;沉淀用相应的1×PBS重悬,分装后-80℃环境下保存)从过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞稳定株中获得外泌体,并通过Western-blot、纳米透射电镜、纳米微粒追踪检测(NTA)验证Exo分离成功,鉴定结果如图5所示。
第五部分:大鼠膝骨关节炎模型构建
膝关节骨关节炎大鼠模型建立步骤如图6所示,具体而言,选择清洁级、健康雌性SD大鼠,术前称重,麻醉剂量按4ml/kg大鼠体重计算,将浓度为10%水合氯醛注射入大鼠腹腔;待麻醉成功后,以右侧膝关节为中心,用脱毛机脱去大鼠膝关节周围、上下约5cm及左右约1.5cm大小区域的毛发;将已备皮大鼠仰卧位置于操作台上,除右侧后后肢外,对其余肢体进行固定;术者以右膝关节为中心,用5%聚维酮碘溶液消毒手术区域3次,铺一次性的无菌洞巾后更换无菌手套,采用纵行切口沿髌旁内侧缘入路切开皮肤,长约1.0cm,逐层分离皮下组织及肌肉,直至暴露关节囊;用止血钳钝性分离胫前及内侧副韧带,用眼科剪尖端剪断内侧副韧带;随后,用眼科剪沿髌骨及髌韧带内侧剪开关节囊,伸直膝关节,将髌骨推向外侧后屈曲膝关节,外旋胫骨,充分暴露内侧半月板前角、体部后,用眼科剪小心剪除内侧半月板;确定剪除的内侧半月板组织后,依次用5%聚维酮碘溶液、生理盐水冲洗关节腔,伸直膝关节,复位髌骨,依次用3-0慕丝线缝合关节囊,2-0慕丝线缝合皮肤切口,再次用5%聚维酮碘溶液消毒切口;术毕在伤口周围涂抹苦味酸防止大鼠咬伤口缝线。
第六部分:关节腔注射过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞外泌体治疗大鼠膝骨关节炎评价疗效
大鼠膝关节OA模型建立一月后,关节腔注射过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞外泌体,每周一次,每次100μl,治疗2月后行膝关节取材,肉眼观察膝关节股骨髁软骨退变情况,关节腔注射过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞外泌体治疗大鼠膝骨关节炎组织学评价结果如图7所示,治疗后发现较PBS组,关节腔注射过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞外泌体可明显缓解大鼠软骨退变,关节表面更光滑,组织学显示软骨细胞数量及软骨厚度也较PBS组有所增加。综上,相比OA组,关节腔注射过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞外泌体后,大鼠膝关节软骨退变情况明显缓解,软骨表明较OA组更光滑,且软骨细胞及软骨厚度均优于OA组,验证了本发明可以有效缓解关节软骨退变并促进关节软骨的再生。
以上描述了本发明优选实施方式,然其并非用以限定本发明。本领域技术人员对在此公开的实施方案可进行并不偏离本发明范畴和精神的改进和变化。
序列表
<110> 四川大学华西医院
<120> 一种用于关节炎治疗的生物制剂及其制备方法和应用
<130> CP211136
<141> 2022-01-19
<160> 2
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 37
<212> DNA
<213> 未知(Unknown)
<400> 1
gaggatcccc gggtaccggt tttccgtggt gacctcc 37
<210> 2
<211> 36
<212> DNA
<213> 未知(Unknown)
<400> 2
cacacattcc acaggctagt gctgggctgt ttgtgg 36
Claims (7)
1.一种用于关节炎治疗的生物制剂,其特征在于包括:富含miR140-5p的尿源干细胞外泌体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生物制剂,所述尿源干细胞来源于自体或者是来自于商业途径。
3.根据权利要求1所述的生物制剂,所述miR140-5p由慢病毒载体转染到尿源干细胞。
4.根据权利要求1所述的生物制剂,所述生物制剂为注射制剂,所述富含miR140-5p的尿源干细胞外泌体以悬浮液的形式存在。
5.权利要求1-4任意一项所述生物制剂的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
取人清洁中段尿液获取尿源干细胞;
将miR140-5p包装到慢病毒载体中;
将慢病毒载体转染到尿源干细胞中获取过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞稳定株;
从过表达miR140-5p的人尿源干细胞稳定株中获得富含miR140-5p的尿源干细胞外泌体。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,所述将miR140-5p包装到慢病毒载体中涉及三个质粒,分别为:携带目的基因戒靶点序列的工具载体质粒(GV115、GV118、GV365载体等),病毒包装辅助质粒(Helper 1.0),病毒包装辅助质粒(Helper 2.0)。
7.权利要求1-4任意一项所述生物制剂在制备治疗关节炎的药物中的应用;优选地,所述的关节炎是骨关节炎。
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