CN114365657A - Indoor potting method for sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber-regium - Google Patents
Indoor potting method for sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber-regium Download PDFInfo
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- CN114365657A CN114365657A CN202111614318.5A CN202111614318A CN114365657A CN 114365657 A CN114365657 A CN 114365657A CN 202111614318 A CN202111614318 A CN 202111614318A CN 114365657 A CN114365657 A CN 114365657A
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- 241000149440 Lentinus tuber-regium Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 241001558929 Sclerotium <basidiomycota> Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000576755 Sclerotia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 7
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](OC2[C@H](O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002498 Beta-glucan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000252132 Pleurotus eryngii Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001681 Pleurotus eryngii Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218689 Podocarpus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000046101 Sophora japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010586 Sophora japonica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002155 anti-virotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003124 biologic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013376 functional food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000001421 hyperglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007365 immunoregulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor potting method for pleurotus tuber-regium sclerotium, which comprises the following steps: activating and culturing Pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium; preparing the cultivation material according to the proportion, subpackaging by plastic bags, and sterilizing by high-pressure steam at 121 ℃; inoculating activated Pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium, inoculating 1-3 pieces of 1cm per bag2Placing the large and small mycelium blocks in an incubator at the temperature of 32-34 ℃ for spawn running; after the substitute materials are grown and the bags are filled with the bacteria, outdoor earth covering cultivation is simulated in a flowerpot with the diameter of 15-27 cm, the flowerpot is placed in an incubator at the temperature of 32-34 ℃, water spraying cultivation is carried out until the mycelium climbs over the surface of the whole cultivation pot, and then the cultivation pot is moved to the indoor environment at the temperature of 25 ℃ until sclerotia grow. The method simulates the mode of outdoor soil-covering cultivation of the Pleurotus tuber-regium, and avoids the uncontrollable property of the outdoor cultivation environment. Culturing in 32-34 deg.C incubator to keep Pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium in the best activity state, forming and growing sclerotium in 25 deg.C room temperature environment, and improvingThe success rate of sclerotium cultivation can reach 100%, and the growth cycle is shortened by at least 0.5-1 month.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an indoor potting method for pleurotus tuber-regium sclerotium, belonging to the technical field of agricultural cultivation.
Background
Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) SingPleurotus tuber-regium) The fungi are edible and medicinal fungi which can form fruiting bodies and sclerotium, are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and are only found in Yunnan and Hainan in China. Different from other sclerotium edible and medicinal fungi, only the fruiting body or sclerotium can be eaten, the fruiting body and sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber-regium can be eaten, especially the sclerotium is rich in protein, mineral, essential amino acid, beta-glucan and other substances, has very low cholesterol content, has the functions of immunoregulation, anti-tumor, antivirus, anti-hyperglycemia and the like, and has very high economic value. The Pleurotus tuber-regium sclerotium can be ground into powder and added into food, can also be used for extracting active ingredients for development of functional food and preparation of biological agent, can also be dried in the sun to prepare traditional Chinese medicine, and has wide and various applications.
The extensive nutritional and medicinal values of Pleurotus tuber-regium attract the increasing attention of consumers and researchers. However, the method is limited to the imminent exhaustion of wild Pleurotus tuber-regium resources, and many researchers are continuously exploring artificial cultivation techniques. At present, the artificial cultivation of the pleurotus tuber-regium by adopting different culture material formulas is greatly developed, for example, the cultivation of the pleurotus tuber-regium and the pleurotus eryngii by adopting cottonseed hull cultivation materials, the cultivation of the sophora japonica residue and the peanut hull by Moyunhui, the cultivation of the plum culture by using the root culture material of the podocarpus root sprout, and the like, so that the cultivation of the pleurotus tuber-regium under the forest or in a greenhouse is realized. However, the current limitations of these methods are the ability to form Pleurotus tuber-regium fruiting bodies, but the inability to guarantee 100% production of sclerotia and longer production cycles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention improves the formula of the cultivation material, the cultivation conditions and the like on the basis of the traditional cultivation technology, and comprises the adjustment of the proportion of the formula material and the raw materials and the change of the cultivation conditions. The improved cultivation success rate of the sclerotium of the Pleurotus tuber-regium is greatly improved, the growth period is obviously shortened, the formula of the cultivation material is controllable, and the cost can be saved; meanwhile, the cultivation condition is controllable, individual DIY cultivation can be realized, and the practicability and the ornamental value are high.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the above purpose of the invention is as follows:
an indoor potting method for sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber-regium, comprising the following steps:
(1) activating pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium on a PDA (personal digital Assistant) plate, and placing the activated pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium in an incubator at the temperature of 32-34 ℃ for growth;
(2) 500 g of cottonseed hulls, 15 g of bran, 2.5 g of lime, 2.5 g of gypsum and 700 g of water; 400 g of cottonseed hulls, 400 g of sawdust, 80 g of bran, 10 g of lime, 10 g of cane sugar and 700 g of water; preparing cultivation materials by using a formula of 500 g of sawdust, 15 g of bran, 2.5 g of lime, 2.5 g of cane sugar and 500 g of water; randomly selecting one of the cultivation materials, uniformly stirring in a plastic basin, subpackaging 300 g of sterilization bags per bag, and sterilizing with high-pressure steam at 121 ℃; then inoculating activated Pleurotus tuber-regium mycelia, and inoculating 1-3 pieces of 1cm to each bag2Placing the large and small mycelium blocks in an incubator at the temperature of 32-34 ℃ for spawn running;
(3) after the substitute materials are grown and the bags are filled with the fungus, outdoor earth covering cultivation is simulated in a flowerpot with the diameter of 15-27 cm, organic soil is wetted by water, 300-400 mL of water is added into every 600 g of organic soil, a layer with the thickness of two knuckles is firstly paved at the bottom of the flowerpot, then a whole or broken substitute materials for growing the fungus are placed on the organic soil, a layer of thin soil is lightly covered, a proper amount of water is sprayed, a preservative film covers the opening of the flowerpot, and the cultivation is continued in an incubator at the temperature of 32-34 ℃;
(4) spraying water to the cultivation pot twice a day in the morning and at night in the first 5 days, spraying water to the inner part of the film after the mycelia grow out of the soil layer, keeping enough moisture and humidity in the pot, enabling the pleurotus tuber-regium mycelia to climb over the whole surface of the cultivation pot after 5 days, continuously cultivating for 3-10 days, moving to the indoor, spraying water once at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 2-4 days, and moving to the indoor for 30-40 days to grow sclerotia.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, by improving the formula of the pleurotus tuber-regium cultivation material, a better material ratio is obtained, so that the cost is reduced, and the mycelial germination quality of pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium is ensured.
2. The pot culture method has the advantages that the mode of outdoor soil covering cultivation of the Pleurotus tuber-regium is simulated, uncontrollable performance of outdoor cultivation environment is avoided, and the pot culture method has ornamental performance, practicability and convenience.
3. Compared with the existing cultivation method, the cultivation method is improved in cultivation conditions, the Pleurotus tuber-regium mycelia are cultivated in the 32-34 ℃ incubator to keep the best activity state, then the Pleurotus tuber regium mycelia are moved to the room temperature environment of 25 ℃ to facilitate the formation of sclerotia, the success rate of sclerotia cultivation is greatly guaranteed, the sclerotia formation period is shortened, the success rate of sclerotia cultivation can reach 100% through experimental verification, and the growth period is shortened by at least 0.5-1 month.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The indoor potting method for the sclerotium of the Pleurotus tuber-regium provided by the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
1. the Pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium is activated in an incubator at 32 ℃;
2. weighing 500 g of cottonseed hull, 15 g of bran, 2.5 g of lime, 2.5 g of gypsum and 700 g of water, uniformly stirring in a plastic basin, subpackaging 300 g of each bag, sterilizing by high-pressure steam at 121 ℃, and then inoculating 1cm2Culturing 1-3 activated mycelia in an incubator at 32 ℃;
3. simulating covering soil cultivation by using a flowerpot with the diameter of 15 cm, adding 400 ml of water into every 600 g of cultivated organic soil, uniformly stirring, laying the organic soil with the thickness of two knuckles on the bottom of the pot, then placing the whole or broken fungus-growing substitute material, finally slightly covering a layer of thin soil, spraying water with a proper amount, covering a pot opening with a preservative film, and placing the pot opening in an incubator at 32 ℃;
4. spraying water to the cultivation pot twice a day in the morning and at night in the first 5 d, keeping enough moisture and humidity in the pot, allowing the Pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium to climb over the whole cultivation pot surface after 5 d, continuing to cultivate for 3 d, then moving to a room with the temperature of 25 ℃, spraying water once after 2 d, keeping the moderate moisture content in the pot until sclerotia grow out.
Example 2
The indoor potting method for the sclerotium of the Pleurotus tuber-regium provided by the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
1. the Pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium is activated in an incubator at 33 ℃;
2. weighing 400 g of cottonseed hull, 400 g of sawdust, 80 g of bran, 10 g of lime, 10 g of sucrose and 700 g of water, uniformly stirring in a plastic basin, subpackaging 300 g of each bag, sterilizing by high-pressure steam at 121 ℃, and then inoculating 1cm of cottonseed hull21-3 activated mycelia are cultured in an incubator at 33 ℃;
3. simulating covering soil cultivation by using a flowerpot with the diameter of 21 cm, adding 350 ml of water into every 600 g of cultivated organic soil, uniformly stirring, laying the organic soil with the thickness of two knuckles on the bottom of the pot, then placing the whole or broken fungus-growing substitute material, finally slightly covering a layer of thin soil, spraying water with a proper amount, covering a pot opening with a preservative film, and placing the pot opening in an incubator at 33 ℃;
4. spraying water to the cultivation pot twice a day in the morning and at night in the first 5 d, keeping enough moisture and humidity in the pot, allowing the Pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium to climb over the whole cultivation pot surface after 5 d, continuing to cultivate for 6 d, then moving to a room with the temperature of 25 ℃, spraying water once after 3 d, and keeping the moderate moisture content in the pot until sclerotia grow out.
Example 3
The indoor potting method for the sclerotium of the Pleurotus tuber-regium provided by the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
1. the Pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium is activated in an incubator at 34 ℃;
2. weighing 500 g of sawdust, 15 g of bran, 2.5 g of lime, 2.5 g of sucrose and 500 g of water, uniformly stirring in a plastic basin, subpackaging 300 g of each bag, sterilizing by high-pressure steam at 121 ℃, and then inoculating 1cm of the mixture2Activating 1-3 mycelia, and culturing in an incubator at 34 ℃;
3. simulating covering soil cultivation by using a flowerpot with the diameter of 27 cm, adding 300 ml of water into every 600 g of cultivated organic soil, uniformly stirring, laying the organic soil with the thickness of two knuckles on the bottom of the pot, then placing the whole or broken fungus-growing substitute material, finally slightly covering a layer of thin soil, spraying water with a proper amount, covering a pot opening with a preservative film, and placing the pot opening in an incubator at 34 ℃;
4. spraying water to the cultivation pot twice a day in the morning and at night in the first 5 days, keeping enough moisture and humidity in the pot, allowing the Pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium to climb over the whole cultivation pot surface after 5 days, continuing to cultivate for 10 days, then moving to a room with the temperature of 25 ℃, spraying water once after 4 days, and keeping the moderate moisture content in the pot until sclerotia grow out.
Claims (1)
1. An indoor pot culture method of Pleurotus tuber-regium sclerotium is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) activating pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium on a PDA (personal digital Assistant) plate, and placing the activated pleurotus tuber-regium mycelium in an incubator at the temperature of 32-34 ℃ for growth;
(2) according to500 g of cottonseed hulls, 15 g of bran, 2.5 g of lime, 2.5 g of gypsum and 700 g of water; 400 g of cottonseed hulls, 400 g of sawdust, 80 g of bran, 10 g of lime, 10 g of cane sugar and 700 g of water; preparing cultivation materials by using a formula of 500 g of sawdust, 15 g of bran, 2.5 g of lime, 2.5 g of cane sugar and 500 g of water; randomly selecting one of the cultivation materials, uniformly stirring in a plastic basin, subpackaging 300 g of sterilization bags per bag, and sterilizing with high-pressure steam at 121 ℃; then inoculating activated Pleurotus tuber-regium mycelia, and inoculating 1-3 pieces of 1cm to each bag2Placing the large and small mycelium blocks in an incubator at the temperature of 32-34 ℃ for spawn running;
(3) after the substitute materials are grown and the bags are filled with the fungus, outdoor earth covering cultivation is simulated in a flowerpot with the diameter of 15-27 cm, organic soil is wetted by water, 300-400 mL of water is added into every 600 g of organic soil, a layer with the thickness of two knuckles is firstly paved at the bottom of the flowerpot, then the whole or broken substitute materials for growing the fungus are placed on the organic soil, a layer of thin soil is lightly covered, a proper amount of water is sprayed, a preservative film covers the opening of the flowerpot, and the cultivation is carried out in an incubator at the temperature of 32-34 ℃;
(4) spraying water to the cultivation pot twice a day in the morning and at night in the first 5 days, spraying water to the inner part of the film after the mycelia grow out of the soil layer, keeping enough moisture and humidity in the pot, enabling the pleurotus tuber-regium mycelia to climb over the whole surface of the cultivation pot after 5 days, continuously cultivating for 3-10 days, moving to the indoor environment, spraying water once at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 2-4 days, and growing sclerotia after about 30-40 days.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111614318.5A CN114365657A (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Indoor potting method for sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber-regium |
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| CN202111614318.5A CN114365657A (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Indoor potting method for sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber-regium |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102301915A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-01-04 | 抚州市临川区金山生物科技发展中心 | Method for earthed cultivation and strain production of Pleurotus tuberregium and culture medium |
| CN103026893A (en) * | 2011-10-09 | 2013-04-10 | 黄程跃 | Method for manufacturing mushroom bonsai |
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2021
- 2021-12-27 CN CN202111614318.5A patent/CN114365657A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112970512A (en) * | 2021-03-27 | 2021-06-18 | 云南省供销合作社科学研究所 | Method for cultivating pleurotus tuber-regium sclerotium at medium temperature |
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