CN114521450A - Six-sister morchella cultivation and field management method in northern greenhouse - Google Patents
Six-sister morchella cultivation and field management method in northern greenhouse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114521450A CN114521450A CN202011316412.8A CN202011316412A CN114521450A CN 114521450 A CN114521450 A CN 114521450A CN 202011316412 A CN202011316412 A CN 202011316412A CN 114521450 A CN114521450 A CN 114521450A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- morchella
- sowing
- cultivation
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 241000221638 Morchella Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 240000002769 Morchella esculenta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000002779 Morchella esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZXQYGBMAQZUVMI-RDDWSQKMSA-N (1S)-cis-(alphaR)-cyhalothrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](\C=C(/Cl)C(F)(F)F)[C@@H]1C(=O)O[C@@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 ZXQYGBMAQZUVMI-RDDWSQKMSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005660 Abamectin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000895 acaricidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000642 acaricide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RRZXIRBKKLTSOM-XPNPUAGNSA-N avermectin B1a Chemical compound C1=C[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)O[C@]11O[C@H](C\C=C(C)\[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C3)[C@@H](OC)C2)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C/2[C@]3([C@H](C(=O)O4)C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3OC\2)O)C[C@H]4C1 RRZXIRBKKLTSOM-XPNPUAGNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000033937 fruiting body development Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005910 lambda-Cyhalothrin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000024001 sorocarp development Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XBZYWSMVVKYHQN-MYPRUECHSA-N (4as,6as,6br,8ar,9r,10s,12ar,12br,14bs)-10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-9-[(sulfooxy)methyl]-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14b-icosahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@H](O)[C@@](C)(COS(O)(=O)=O)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@]5(C(O)=O)CCC(C)(C)C[C@H]5C4=CC[C@@H]3[C@]21C XBZYWSMVVKYHQN-MYPRUECHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001313734 Dictyophora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221700 Pezizales Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000309146 drought grass Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930000044 secondary metabolite Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a six-sister morchella cultivation and field management method in a northern greenhouse. The invention of the method brings innovation to long-time traditional cultivation modes and provides a new direction for the cultivation of the morchella by a more scientific and time-saving means. Through a scientific management method, the investment of manpower is greatly reduced. The invention belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, and particularly relates to a planting method of morel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of strain culture, in particular to a northern greenhouse cultivation and field management method for six sister morchella.
Background
Morchella (Morchella spp.) belongs to Ascomycotina, class (Dicomyetes), order (Pezizales), family (Morchellacaceae), genus Morchella (Morchella), folk name Morchella, bamboo grass, Dictyophora gigantea and the like, and the surface layer of the pileus is in a ridge-shaped mesh shape and looks like Morchella esculenta. The morchella is rich in various nutrient substances, crisp and tender in meat quality, unique in flavor, high in food and medicinal value and wide in development and application prospect, contains various antibacterial and antiviral active ingredients and polysaccharides capable of inhibiting tumors, and has a plurality of effects of regulating the immune function of an organism, resisting fatigue and the like.
The protein content of the morchella fermentation broth mycelium is more than 20 percent, wherein the content of amino acid necessary for human body is slightly lower than that of the fruiting body, and the amino acid nutritive value is balanced. The toadstool fermentation broth mycelium is rich in vitamins and fatty acids, and has more varieties, and especially, the effects of reducing blood fat, resisting aging and eliminating free radicals are endowed by the large amount of unsaturated fatty acids.
The morchella fermentation product contains a large amount of polysaccharide, which is generally considered as a main active substance with pharmacological action and also a basic substance component of the morchella capable of improving the immunity of the organism, resisting viruses, resisting cancers, resisting fatigue and the like; in addition, free phenol and bound phenol are found, and the extract of the free phenol and the bound phenol has cellular antioxidation, and can effectively inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells and Caco-2 cells; researches prove that the triterpenoid extracted from the fermentation mycelium of the morchella esculenta has certain antioxidant activity and the capacity of inhibiting tumor cells
The cultivation of the morchella is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the application of the liquid submerged fermentation technology can quickly, stably and massively obtain medicinal fungal mycelia and active secondary metabolites compared with the traditional cultivation technology, and the liquid submerged fermentation production is an important means for developing medicinal fungal resources.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Greenhouse cultivation
(1) Preparing strains:
A. preparing an elm strain culture medium: cutting 200 parts by weight of potatoes into small blocks of 0.8-1.2cm, boiling in boiling water for 20 minutes, filtering, taking juice, adding 20 parts by weight of glucose and 20 parts by weight of agar, melting, and fixing the volume to 1000mL to obtain the natural pH value;
B. subpackaging the morchella strain culture medium, and sterilizing: subpackaging the prepared strain culture medium of Morchella esculenta in test tubes of 18mm × 180mm, sealing, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 20 min;
C. cooling and inoculating: taking out the morchella strain culture medium after sterilization, naturally cooling to 20-30 ℃, and inoculating the morchella strain under aseptic condition;
D. culturing: placing the inoculated morchella strain culture medium in a constant-temperature incubator, and culturing at 25 ℃ for 8 days to ensure that hyphae fully grow;
E. selecting: selecting morchella PDA slant strains which grow well and do not have a degeneration phenomenon;
F. preparing cultivars: 60% of wheat grains, 30% of corncobs, 10% of coarse wood chips and 3% of gypsum.
G. Manufacturing a nutrition bag: 10% of wheat grains, 20% of bran, 70% of sawdust, 3% of nutrient soil and 4% of gypsum.
(2) Building a shed and preparing soil:
A. the large and medium arched shed is built according to the length and width of the land, the arch is installed, then the film is covered, the film pressing line or the film pressing groove is used for fixing, and the film at the bottom edge is pressed by soil. The greenhouse selects the position of an air outlet according to the production season, and the air outlet is generally reserved at the front position of the back slope of the greenhouse by selecting the solar greenhouse for overwintering production; mainly for spring and autumn production, a tuyere is reserved at the position which is 1.2-1.5 meters high at the forefront. The large and medium arched sheds are provided with air openings at two sides of the shed generally, and the multi-span building is provided with the air openings at the top and two sides of the shed generally. Installing the roller shutter and an air conditioner.
B. Selecting a place with proper climate, clean environment and no pollution as a morchella cultivation place, wherein the cultivation soil is sandy loam with ph of about 6.5-7.5; land preparation beds are 0.6-1.4 meters wide according to the compartment surface, 0.25 meter of the space between the compartment surface and 0.2-0.6 meter of the groove depth between the compartment surfaces;
(3) sowing: the method adopts a furrow sowing mode and comprises the following steps: 1) and (3) groove preparation: arranging sowing trenches with the width of 10cm and the depth of 5-8cm from the position 25cm away from the edge of the compartment surface to the inside of the compartment along the longitudinal direction, and arranging 2-5 sowing trenches on each compartment surface; 2) preparing strains, cutting open the strain bag with a knife, taking out Morchella strains, kneading into pieces in clean and sterile places, and uniformly stirring and soaking with a hair aid with a mass concentration of 0.2-0.6% for 1.5 hours for later use; the hair-assisting agent is prepared from triglyceride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to the mass ratio of 1:2 to form a synergist; magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, glucose, avermectin, lambda-cyhalothrin, acaricide and water can be added; 3) pre-wetting soil: adjusting the soil water content of the sowing trench on the compartment surface to 60 percent; 4) spreading lime: spreading a thin layer of lime in the sowing trench, wherein the dosage per mu is 20-50 kg; 5) scattering culture materials: spreading a layer of culture material with the thickness of 2cm in the sowing trench which is scattered with lime, wherein the dosage per mu is 300 kg; 6) sowing: spreading prepared morchella strain in the sowing trench with the culture material, wherein the dosage per mu is 180-220 kg; 7) and (3) covering soil: immediately covering soil of 3-5cm after sowing; 8) seed watering: 1-3 days after sowing, the hypha starts to germinate, and the compartment surface is watered thoroughly until the soil water content of the compartment surface reaches 60-65%; 9) supplementing external nutrition: after 5-15 days of seeding, when hypha grows to the soil surface, placing an external aid nutrition bag to provide external aid nutrition for the growth of the hypha; each compartment surface is provided with 2 rows of nutrition bags in parallel along the sowing trench, and the distance between the nutrition bags is 30-50 cm.
(4) Hypha culture: controlling the soil temperature at 3-21 deg.C, the air temperature at 3-28 deg.C, and the soil humidity at 50-70% in the mycelium culture stage; air humidity is 55% -90%; culturing hypha for 30-60 days;
2. management method
(1) Temperature and humidity: the morchella is a low-temperature and high-humidity fungus, frequently occurs after 3-5 months of rain, occasionally occurs in 8-9 months, has long growth period, requires a large temperature difference besides low temperature to stimulate mycelium differentiation, has the mycelium growth temperature of 21-24 ℃, the fruiting body formation and development temperature of 4.4-16 ℃ and the air relative humidity of 65-85%. Therefore, the cultivation time is 11-12 months. (2) sunlight air: the weak scattered light is beneficial to the growth and development of the sporocarp, and strong direct light is forbidden. (3) soil conditions: the sand content of the soil used for sowing is 25-35 percent by mass; the pH of the soil is 6.5-7.5; before sowing, the soil is subjected to at least one-time flooding treatment, then rotary tillage and insolation are carried out, the pH value of the soil is preferably 6.5-7.5, the growth of morchella is facilitated due to neutrality or slightly alkalinity, sheep usually grow in limestone or chalk soil, and sheep can grow in humus soil, black or yellow loam and sandy mixed soil. (4) cultivation method: the cultivation method of morchella is mainly indoor cultivation without package, outdoor cultivation without bags and outdoor raw material cultivation. (5) humidity management: morchella is wet, the growing environment must be kept humidity, the morchella is cultivated outdoors, in winter, especially in early spring, rainwater is more, the temperature is proper, the mycelium and the fruiting body grow well, and if drought occurs in early spring, watering is required at proper time. (6) temperature management: in early spring, the temperature of 4-16 deg.C is within several weeks, and the formation of morchella sporocarp is stimulated, and if the temperature changes violently (below 4 deg.C or above 16 deg.C), the development of sporocarp is affected. And (7) pest control: diseases and insect pests can occur in the growth of hypha and fruiting bodies, so that the prevention is mainly performed, and the cleanness and sanitation of the field environment are kept. Sterilizing and killing pests before sowing, and spraying pesticide chrysanthemum or 10% lime water to kill pests before fruiting body grows. A method for planting morchella in a greenhouse and process management.
Claims (1)
1. A six-sister morchella cultivation and field management method in a northern greenhouse is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. greenhouse cultivation
Preparing strains:
preparing an elm strain culture medium: cutting 200 parts by weight of potatoes into small pieces of 0.8-1.2cm, boiling in boiling water for 20 minutes, filtering, taking juice, adding 20 parts by weight of glucose and 20 parts by weight of agar, melting, and fixing the volume to 1000mL to obtain the natural pH value.
2. Subpackaging the morchella strain culture medium, and sterilizing: subpackaging the prepared strain culture medium of Morchella esculenta into test tubes of 18mm × 180mm, sealing, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 20 min.
3. Cooling and inoculating: taking out the morchella strain culture medium after sterilization, naturally cooling to 20-30 ℃, and inoculating the morchella strain under aseptic condition.
4. Culturing: placing the inoculated morchella strain culture medium in a constant-temperature incubator, and culturing at 25 ℃ for 8 days to ensure that hyphae fully grow;
selecting: selecting toadstool PDA slant strains which grow well and do not have the degeneration phenomenon.
5. Preparing cultivars: 60% of wheat grains, 30% of corncobs, 10% of coarse wood chips and 3% of gypsum.
6. Manufacturing a nutrition bag: 10% of wheat grains, 20% of bran, 70% of sawdust, 3% of nutrient soil and 4% of gypsum.
(2) Building a shed and preparing soil:
A. the large and medium arched shed is built according to the length and width of the land, the arch frame is installed, then the film is covered, the film pressing line or the film pressing groove is used for fixing, and the film on the bottom edge is pressed by soil.
7. The greenhouse selects the position of an air outlet according to the production season, and the air outlet is generally reserved at the front position of the back slope of the greenhouse by selecting the solar greenhouse for overwintering production; the method is mainly used for spring and autumn production, and an air outlet is generally reserved at the position 1.2-1.5 m high at the forefront.
8. The large and medium arch sheds are generally provided with air outlets at two sides of the shed, and the multi-span building is generally provided with air outlets at the top and two sides of the shed.
9. Installing the roller shutter and an air conditioner.
Selecting a place with proper climate, clean environment and no pollution as a morchella cultivation place, wherein the cultivation soil is sandy loam with ph of about 6.5-7.5; the land preparation bed is 0.6-1.4 m wide according to the compartment surface, 0.25 m between the compartment surface and 0.2-0.6 m between the compartment surface and the groove.
(3) sowing: the method adopts a furrow sowing mode and comprises the following steps: 1) and (3) groove preparation: arranging sowing ditches with the width of 10cm and the depth of 5-8cm from the position 25cm away from the edge of the compartment surface to the compartment along the longitudinal direction, and arranging 2-5 drilling sowing ditches on each compartment surface; 2) preparing strains, cutting open the strain bag with a knife, taking out Morchella strains, kneading into pieces in clean and sterile places, and uniformly stirring and soaking with a hair aid with a mass concentration of 0.2-0.6% for 1.5 hours for later use; the hair-assisting agent is prepared from triglyceride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to the mass ratio of 1:2 to form a synergist; magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, glucose, avermectin, lambda-cyhalothrin, acaricide and water can be added; 3) pre-wetting soil: adjusting the soil water content of the sowing trench on the compartment surface to 60 percent; 4) spreading lime: spreading a thin layer of lime in the sowing trench, wherein the dosage per mu is 20-50 kg; 5) spreading culture materials: spreading a layer of culture material with the thickness of 2cm in the sowing trench which is scattered with lime, wherein the dosage per mu is 300 kg; 6) sowing: spreading prepared morchella strain in the sowing trench with the culture material, wherein the dosage per mu is 180-220 kg; 7) and (3) covering soil: immediately covering soil of 3-5cm after sowing; 8) seed watering: 1-3 days after sowing, the hypha starts to germinate, and the compartment surface is watered thoroughly until the soil water content of the compartment surface reaches 60-65%; 9) supplementing external nutrition: after 5-15 days of seeding, when hypha grows to the soil surface, placing an external aid nutrition bag to provide external aid nutrition for the growth of the hypha; each compartment surface is provided with 2 rows of nutrition bags in parallel along the sowing trench, and the distance between the nutrition bags is 30-50 cm.
12, (4) hyphal culture: controlling the soil temperature at 3-21 deg.C, the air temperature at 3-28 deg.C, and the soil humidity at 50-70% in the mycelium culture stage; air humidity is 55% -90%; the mycelium culture time is 30-60 days.
13.2. Management method
(1) Temperature and humidity: the morchella is a low-temperature and high-humidity fungus, frequently occurs after 3-5 months of rain, occasionally occurs in 8-9 months, has long growth period, requires a large temperature difference besides low temperature to stimulate mycelium differentiation, has the mycelium growth temperature of 21-24 ℃, the fruiting body formation and development temperature of 4.4-16 ℃ and the air relative humidity of 65-85%.
14. Therefore, the cultivation time is 11-12 months.
(2) sunlight air: weak scattered light is beneficial to the growth and development of the sporocarp, and strong direct light is avoided.
(3) soil conditions: the sand content of the soil used for sowing is 25-35 percent by mass; the pH of the soil is 6.5-7.5; before sowing, the soil is subjected to at least one time of flooding treatment, then rotary tillage and insolation are carried out, the pH value of the soil is preferably 6.5-7.5, the growth of morchella is facilitated due to neutrality or slight alkalinity, sheep can grow in limestone or chalk soil and can grow in humus soil, black or yellow loam and sandy mixed soil.
(4) cultivation method: the cultivation method of morchella is mainly indoor cultivation without package, outdoor cultivation without bags and outdoor raw material cultivation.
(5) humidity management: morchella is wet, the growing environment must be kept humidity, the morchella is cultivated outdoors, in winter, especially in early spring, rainwater is more, the temperature is proper, the mycelium and the fruiting body grow well, and if drought occurs in early spring, watering is required at proper time.
(6) temperature management: in early spring, the temperature of 4-16 deg.C is within several weeks, and the formation of morchella sporocarp is stimulated, and if the temperature changes violently (below 4 deg.C or above 16 deg.C), the development of sporocarp is affected.
(7) pest control: diseases and insect pests can occur in the growth of hypha and fruiting bodies, so that the prevention is mainly performed, and the cleanness and sanitation of the field environment are kept.
21. Sterilizing and killing pests before sowing, and spraying pesticide chrysanthemum or 10% lime water to kill pests before fruiting body grows.
22. A method for planting morchella in a greenhouse and process management.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011316412.8A CN114521450A (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Six-sister morchella cultivation and field management method in northern greenhouse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011316412.8A CN114521450A (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Six-sister morchella cultivation and field management method in northern greenhouse |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114521450A true CN114521450A (en) | 2022-05-24 |
Family
ID=81619692
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011316412.8A Pending CN114521450A (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Six-sister morchella cultivation and field management method in northern greenhouse |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114521450A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114931061A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-23 | 贵州大学 | Six-sister morchella cultivation and facility thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-11-23 CN CN202011316412.8A patent/CN114521450A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114931061A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-08-23 | 贵州大学 | Six-sister morchella cultivation and facility thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105993590B (en) | A kind of cultural method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore | |
| CN104094760B (en) | A kind of greenhouse watermelon cultural method | |
| CN109845576B (en) | Standardized field cultivation method for morchella esculenta | |
| CN107396751B (en) | Artificial cultivation method for grassland black mushroom | |
| CN103190292A (en) | Forest cultivation method of morchella crassipes | |
| CN103960060A (en) | High-yield cultivation method of stropharia rugoso-annulata | |
| CN104285664A (en) | Efficient coprinus comatus cultivation method | |
| CN103238468A (en) | High-yield cultivation method of pollution-free straw mushrooms | |
| CN106034750A (en) | Method for cultivating clitocybe maxima through hypsizygus marmoreus mushroom residues | |
| CN109348991B (en) | Morchella esculenta suitable for growing in cold region forest and cultivation method thereof | |
| CN104541969A (en) | Agaricus bisporus growing fungicide and an agaricus bisporus cultivation method by using the fungicide | |
| CN108157059A (en) | A kind of coprinus comatus production method | |
| CN105272653B (en) | A kind of artificial method for planting of black fungus | |
| CN113207550A (en) | Selenium-rich oyster mushroom cultivation method | |
| CN102860218B (en) | Field cultivation method for grassland white mushrooms | |
| CN106489527B (en) | It is wild to split the artificial field production method of lid saddle fungus | |
| CN106105632A (en) | A kind of planting technology of Rhizoma Dioscoreae | |
| CN108293586A (en) | A kind of cultural method of agaricus bisporus | |
| CN113179854B (en) | Method for cultivating morchella in saline-alkali soil greenhouse | |
| CN112772280B (en) | Method for cultivating Dictyophora rubrovalvata-Morchella esculenta-vegetables in rotation | |
| CN114521450A (en) | Six-sister morchella cultivation and field management method in northern greenhouse | |
| CN116396869A (en) | Domesticated strain of Morchella and application thereof | |
| CN102498949A (en) | Ditching and planting method for stropharia rugosoannulata | |
| CN102379206A (en) | Purple mushroom seed production and cultivation method | |
| CN114568209A (en) | Rotation cultivation method for morchella in sand and phellinus igniarius |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20220524 |