CN108901670B - Cultivation method for interplanting passion fruits with lucid ganoderma - Google Patents

Cultivation method for interplanting passion fruits with lucid ganoderma Download PDF

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CN108901670B
CN108901670B CN201810637905.8A CN201810637905A CN108901670B CN 108901670 B CN108901670 B CN 108901670B CN 201810637905 A CN201810637905 A CN 201810637905A CN 108901670 B CN108901670 B CN 108901670B
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ganoderma lucidum
ganoderma
passion fruit
soil
lucid
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CN108901670A (en
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王灿琴
韦仕岩
吴圣进
覃晓娟
陈雪凤
吴小建
晨晓
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Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02—Superphosphates

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method for interplanting passion fruits with lucid ganoderma, which comprises the following steps: (1) managing an orchard; (2) wrapping the ground with Ganoderma; (3) field management: keeping the air humidity at 80% -90% during the ganoderma lucidum fruiting period, spraying water on the surface of a ganoderma lucidum ridge for 1-3 times every day, and draining water to prevent harm to passion fruit trees caused by excessive water spraying; during the ganoderma lucidum growing period, the over-dense primordium needs to be removed early, only 1 primordium growing thickest is reserved in each ganoderma lucidum fungus bag, so that the nutrition is supplied intensively, the grown ganoderma lucidum is large and thick, the quality is excellent, and meanwhile, the appearance of conjoined ganoderma lucidum is avoided; timely removing weeds to prevent the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body from being coated by the weeds in the growth process, and performing other fruiting management according to a conventional method. The method not only can screen and promote the production of high-quality lucid ganoderma, but also can improve the yield of the passion fruit, and provides a theoretical basis for exploring cultivation of interplanting lucid ganoderma in the passion fruit and the production of Guangxi lucid ganoderma.

Description

Cultivation method for interplanting passion fruits with lucid ganoderma
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the field of ganoderma lucidum cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method for interplanting passion fruit with ganoderma lucidum.
[ background of the invention ]
Ganoderma lucidum is a general term for Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense of Ganoderma of Polyporaceae of Basidiomycetes, and is a precious fungus used as both medicine and food. Ganoderma contains various active ingredients such as polysaccharide, triterpene, peptide, and nucleoside, and has effects of improving immunity, inhibiting tumor cell growth, resisting aging and oxidation, and protecting liver. In recent years, along with the development of social economy, people have more and more demand on ganoderma lucidum consumption, and due to the shortage of wild ganoderma lucidum resources, the scale of ganoderma lucidum cultivation is increased year by year.
The growing period of ganoderma lucidum likes the environment with cool and moist, fertile soil and good air permeability. The passion fruit is used as a vine evergreen fruit tree, and the growing environment of the passion fruit is just suitable for the growth of the lucid ganoderma. Therefore, the requirement of ganoderma lucidum growth can be met to the maximum extent by interplanting the passion fruits and the ganoderma lucidum, and the land utilization rate is improved.
The Chinese patent with the application number of 201010611931.7 and the invention name of 'an ecological cultivating method of lucid ganoderma' discloses a cultivating method for planting lucid ganoderma under passion fruit vine, and has the defects that: in the cultivation process, ganoderma lucidum mycelia are cultivated on a wood base, and the wood base tree species have special requirements and are difficult to popularize on a large scale.
The Guangxi trees are rich in species, still belong to the main mulberry production area, generate a large amount of waste wood chips every year, and can ensure the stable supply of ganoderma lucidum cultivation raw materials. Therefore, the research on the cultivation method for interplanting the passion fruit and the lucid ganoderma has stable quality and wide market popularization value.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide a cultivation method for interplanting passion fruits with lucid ganoderma, wherein the passion fruits are planted in an orchard in advance for 1 year to form a good shading effect; then, the ganoderma lucidum fungus bags are planted below passion fruit vines to promote the growth of the passion fruits. The method not only can screen and promote the production of high-quality lucid ganoderma, but also can improve the yield of the passion fruit, and provides a theoretical basis for exploring cultivation of interplanting lucid ganoderma in the passion fruit and the production of Guangxi lucid ganoderma.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the cultivation method for interplanting the passion fruits and the lucid ganoderma comprises the following steps of:
(1) managing the orchard: planting passion fruit in an orchard 1 year ahead according to the specifications of 1.5m plant spacing and 2.0m row spacing, and enabling the passion fruit vines to climb to form a good shading effect;
timely removing lateral buds at the seedling stage of the passion fruit to promote the main vines to thicken and extend, and when the main vines grow to be 20-30 cm, adopting a flat top type rack to guide the main vines to be put on the rack;
when erecting, fixing the bamboos with the diameter of 6-8 cm and the height of 2m beside each passion fruit plant, and connecting and fixing the plants and the rows of each bamboo by 16-number iron wires;
(2) coating with ganoderma lucidum: after hypha in the ganoderma lucidum fungus bags grows over the fungus bags, soil is selectively covered under the ganoderma lucidum fungus bags in 3-5 months, small furrows are made on a passion fruit garden in the whole land before the soil is covered, namely, small rectangles with the depth of 10cm, the width of 80cm and the length of the rectangles are dug to two sides of the passion fruit furrows at positions with the distance of 60cm from the two sides, and a layer of lime powder is lightly scattered on the surface of the rectangles so as to sterilize and kill insects; sterilizing and deinsectizing for 10 days, cutting a plastic film at one half of the bottom of a ganoderma lucidum fungus bag by using a knife, cutting off a binding rope, erecting the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag in a ridge, putting 5 fungus sticks in each row, leaving a gap of 2cm in the middle, covering a layer of fertile soil with the thickness of 3cm on the fungus sticks after putting, controlling the diameter of fertile soil blocks to be 0.5-2 cm, and spraying water after covering soil to enable the covering soil layer to be thoroughly wet; earthing up the passion fruit trees after covering soil, and enabling the soil surface to be slightly higher than the surface of the lucid ganoderma ridge, so that the influence on the normal growth of the passion fruit caused by excessive water spraying of lucid ganoderma or water accumulation at the roots of the passion fruit in rainy days is prevented;
(3) field management: keeping the air humidity at 80% -90% during the ganoderma lucidum fruiting period, spraying water on the surface of a ganoderma lucidum ridge for 1-3 times every day, and draining water to prevent harm to passion fruit trees caused by excessive water spraying; during the ganoderma lucidum growing period, the over-dense primordium needs to be removed early, only 1 primordium growing thickest is reserved in each ganoderma lucidum fungus bag, so that the nutrition is supplied intensively, the grown ganoderma lucidum is large and thick, the quality is excellent, and meanwhile, the appearance of conjoined ganoderma lucidum is avoided; timely removing weeds to prevent the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body from being coated by the weeds in the growth process, and performing other fruiting management according to a conventional method.
In the present invention, as a further illustration, the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag in the step (2) is prepared by the following method: according to the weight parts, 40-50 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 10-20 parts of mulberry branch chips, 10-20 parts of cottonseed hulls, 5-15 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of gypsum and 0.1-0.2 part of heating leavening agent are dried in the sun, mixed uniformly, sprayed with warm water to ensure that the water content of the materials is 60% -65%, the pH value is adjusted to 8.0 to obtain a culture material, then the culture material is filled into fungus bags with the length multiplied by the width of 230mm multiplied by 450mm and the thickness of 0.025mm to ensure that the dry weight of each bag of culture material is 1kg, and finally bagging, sterilization, inoculation and hypha culture are carried out according to a conventional method.
As a further illustration, the orchard in the step (1) is flat in terrain, far away from a pollution source, convenient to drain and irrigate, loose in soil texture, and good in air permeability and water retention.
In the invention, as a further explanation, the planting season of the passion fruit in the step (1) is 3-5 months per year.
In the invention, as a further explanation, ganoderma lucidum or ganoderma lucidum is cultivated in the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag in the step (2).
In the invention, as a further illustration, the soil covering time of the ganoderma sinense is 3-4 months.
In the invention, as a further explanation, the soil covering time of the ganoderma lucidum is 4-5 months.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, a technical means of interplanting the ganoderma lucidum under the passion fruit vine is adopted, so that the ganoderma lucidum has a good shading effect and slow air flow under the passion fruit vine, and ecological growth can be realized; and nicotinic acid secreted from the passion fruit can promote the absorption of nutrient elements in the ganoderma lucidum thallus, accelerate the growth of the ganoderma lucidum and improve the yield of the ganoderma lucidum. Meanwhile, compost of the fruiting lucid ganoderma is rotted to form good organic fertilizer in the field, so that organic matters of the soil are increased, the growth of passion fruit is promoted, and the two bring out the best in each other.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
Example 1:
1. early preparation
Preparing the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag: the method comprises the following steps of drying 40 parts of miscellaneous sawdust, 10 parts of mulberry branch scraps, 10 parts of cottonseed hulls, 5 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of gypsum and 0.1 part of heating leavening agent in the sun, uniformly mixing, spraying warm water to enable the water content of the materials to be 60%, adjusting the pH value to be 8.0 to obtain a culture material, then filling the culture material into fungus bags with the length, the width and the thickness of 230mm, the width and the thickness of 450mm and 0.025mm to enable the dry weight of each bag of culture material to be 1kg, and finally bagging, sterilizing, inoculating and culturing hyphae according to a conventional method.
The above-prepared substance was used in the cultivation method described below.
2. The cultivation method for interplanting the passion fruits and the lucid ganoderma comprises the following steps of:
(1) managing the orchard: planting passion fruit in an orchard 1 year ahead according to the specifications of 1.5m plant spacing and 2.0m row spacing, and enabling the passion fruit vines to climb to form a good shading effect; the orchard is flat in terrain, far away from a pollution source, convenient to drain and irrigate, loose in soil texture, and good in air permeability and water retention; the planting season of the passion fruit is 3 months per year;
timely wiping off lateral buds at the seedling stage of the passion fruit to promote the main vines to thicken and elongate, and when the main vines grow to 20cm, adopting flat top type shelving to guide the main vines to set up;
when erecting, fixing the bamboo with diameter of 6cm and height of 2m beside each passion fruit plant, and connecting and fixing the plants and rows of each bamboo by 16-gauge iron wires;
(2) coating with ganoderma lucidum: cultivating purple ganoderma in a ganoderma fungus bag, and after hypha of the purple ganoderma grows over a fungus bag, covering soil under the ganoderma fungus bag in 3 months; before covering soil, making small furrows on the whole soil of a passion fruit garden, namely digging small rectangles with the depth of 10cm, the width of 80cm and the length of 60cm away from the passion fruit tree on two sides of the passion fruit garden, and lightly scattering a layer of lime powder on the surface to sterilize and kill insects; sterilizing and deinsectizing for 10 days, cutting a plastic film at one half of the bottom of a ganoderma lucidum fungus bag by using a knife, cutting off a binding rope, erecting the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag in a ridge, putting 5 fungus sticks in each row, leaving a gap of 2cm in the middle, covering a layer of fertile soil with the thickness of 3cm on the fungus sticks after putting, controlling the diameter of fertile soil blocks to be 0.5cm, and spraying water after covering soil to ensure that the soil layer is thoroughly wetted; earthing up the passion fruit trees after covering soil, and enabling the soil surface to be slightly higher than the surface of the lucid ganoderma ridge, so that the influence on the normal growth of the passion fruit caused by excessive water spraying of lucid ganoderma or water accumulation at the roots of the passion fruit in rainy days is prevented;
(3) field management: keeping the air humidity at 80% during Ganoderma lucidum emergence, spraying water on Ganoderma lucidum ridge surface for 1 time every day, and draining water to prevent harm to Passion fruit tree due to excessive water spray; during the ganoderma lucidum growing period, the over-dense primordium needs to be removed early, only 1 primordium growing thickest is reserved in each ganoderma lucidum fungus bag, so that the nutrition is supplied intensively, the grown ganoderma lucidum is large and thick, the quality is excellent, and meanwhile, the appearance of conjoined ganoderma lucidum is avoided; timely removing weeds to prevent the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body from being coated by the weeds in the growth process, and performing other fruiting management according to a conventional method.
Example 2:
1. early preparation
Preparing the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag: according to the weight parts, 42 parts of miscellaneous sawdust, 15 parts of mulberry branch scraps, 13 parts of cottonseed hulls, 10 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of gypsum and 0.14 part of heating leavening agent are dried in the sun, mixed uniformly, sprayed with warm water to ensure that the water content of the materials is 61%, the pH value is adjusted to 8.0 to obtain a culture material, then the culture material is filled into fungus bags with the length multiplied by width of 230mm multiplied by 450mm and the thickness of 0.025mm to ensure that the dry weight of each bag of culture material is 1kg, and finally, bagging, sterilization, inoculation and hypha culture are carried out according to a conventional method.
The above-prepared substance was used in the cultivation method described below.
2. The cultivation method for interplanting the passion fruits and the lucid ganoderma comprises the following steps of:
(1) managing the orchard: planting passion fruit in an orchard 1 year ahead according to the specifications of 1.5m plant spacing and 2.0m row spacing, and enabling the passion fruit vines to climb to form a good shading effect; the orchard is flat in terrain, far away from a pollution source, convenient to drain and irrigate, loose in soil texture, and good in air permeability and water retention; the planting season of the passion fruit is 4 months per year;
timely wiping off lateral buds at the seedling stage of the passion fruit to promote the main vines to thicken and elongate, and when the main vines grow to 25cm, adopting flat top type shelving to guide the main vines to set up;
fixing bamboo with diameter of 7cm and height of 2m beside each passion fruit plant, and connecting and fixing the plants and rows of bamboo with 16-gauge iron wire;
(2) coating with ganoderma lucidum: cultivating ganoderma lucidum in a ganoderma lucidum bag, and after hypha of the ganoderma lucidum grows over the fungus bag, covering soil on the ganoderma lucidum bag in the middle ten days of 3 months; before covering soil, making small furrows on the whole soil of a passion fruit garden, namely digging small rectangles with the depth of 10cm, the width of 80cm and the length of 60cm away from the passion fruit tree on two sides of the passion fruit garden, and lightly scattering a layer of lime powder on the surface to sterilize and kill insects; sterilizing and deinsectizing for 10 days, cutting a plastic film at one half of the bottom of a ganoderma lucidum fungus bag by using a knife, cutting off a binding rope, erecting the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag in a ridge, putting 5 fungus sticks in each row, leaving a gap of 2cm in the middle, covering a layer of fertile soil with the thickness of 3cm on the fungus sticks after putting, controlling the diameter of fertile soil blocks to be 0.8cm, and spraying water after covering soil to ensure that the soil layer is thoroughly wetted; earthing up the passion fruit trees after covering soil, and enabling the soil surface to be slightly higher than the surface of the lucid ganoderma ridge, so that the influence on the normal growth of the passion fruit caused by excessive water spraying of lucid ganoderma or water accumulation at the roots of the passion fruit in rainy days is prevented;
(3) field management: keeping the air humidity at 86% during Ganoderma lucidum emergence, spraying water on Ganoderma lucidum ridge surface for 2 times every day, and draining water to prevent harm to Passion fruit tree due to excessive water spray; during the ganoderma lucidum growing period, the over-dense primordium needs to be removed early, only 1 primordium growing thickest is reserved in each ganoderma lucidum fungus bag, so that the nutrition is supplied intensively, the grown ganoderma lucidum is large and thick, the quality is excellent, and meanwhile, the appearance of conjoined ganoderma lucidum is avoided; timely removing weeds to prevent the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body from being coated by the weeds in the growth process, and performing other fruiting management according to a conventional method.
Example 3:
1. early preparation
Preparing the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag: according to the weight parts, 47 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 12 parts of mulberry branch chips, 16 parts of cottonseed hulls, 9 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of gypsum and 0.17 part of heating leavening agent are dried in the sun, mixed uniformly, sprayed with warm water to ensure that the water content of the materials is 63 percent, the pH value is adjusted to 8.0 to obtain a culture material, then the culture material is filled into fungus bags with the length multiplied by the width of 230mm multiplied by 450mm and the thickness of 0.025mm to ensure that the dry weight of each bag of culture material is 1kg, and finally, bagging, sterilization, inoculation and hypha culture are carried out according to the conventional method.
The above-prepared substance was used in the cultivation method described below.
2. The cultivation method for interplanting the passion fruits and the lucid ganoderma comprises the following steps of:
(1) managing the orchard: planting passion fruit in an orchard 1 year ahead according to the specifications of 1.5m plant spacing and 2.0m row spacing, and enabling the passion fruit vines to climb to form a good shading effect; the orchard is flat in terrain, far away from a pollution source, convenient to drain and irrigate, loose in soil texture, and good in air permeability and water retention; the planting season of the passion fruit is 5 months per year;
timely wiping off lateral buds at the seedling stage of the passion fruit to promote the main vines to thicken and elongate, and when the main vines grow to 22cm, adopting flat top type shelving to guide the main vines to set up;
when erecting, fixing the bamboo with diameter of 6.5cm and height of 2m beside each passion fruit plant, and connecting and fixing the plants and rows of each bamboo by 16-gauge iron wires;
(2) coating with ganoderma lucidum: cultivating purple lucid ganoderma in a lucid ganoderma fungus bag, and after hypha of the purple lucid ganoderma grows over a fungus bag, covering soil under the lucid ganoderma fungus bag in 4 months; before covering soil, making small furrows on the whole soil of a passion fruit garden, namely digging small rectangles with the depth of 10cm, the width of 80cm and the length of 60cm away from the passion fruit tree on two sides of the passion fruit garden, and lightly scattering a layer of lime powder on the surface to sterilize and kill insects; sterilizing and deinsectizing for 10 days, cutting a plastic film at one half of the bottom of a ganoderma lucidum fungus bag by using a knife, cutting off a binding rope, erecting the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag in a ridge, putting 5 fungus sticks in each row, leaving a gap of 2cm in the middle, covering a layer of fertile soil with the thickness of 3cm on the fungus sticks after putting, controlling the diameter of fertile soil blocks to be 0.1cm, and spraying water after covering soil to ensure that the soil layer is thoroughly wetted; earthing up the passion fruit trees after covering soil, and enabling the soil surface to be slightly higher than the surface of the lucid ganoderma ridge, so that the influence on the normal growth of the passion fruit caused by excessive water spraying of lucid ganoderma or water accumulation at the roots of the passion fruit in rainy days is prevented;
(3) field management: keeping the air humidity at 86% during Ganoderma lucidum emergence, spraying water on Ganoderma lucidum ridge surface for 3 times every day, and draining water to prevent harm to Passion fruit tree due to excessive water spray; during the ganoderma lucidum growing period, the over-dense primordium needs to be removed early, only 1 primordium growing thickest is reserved in each ganoderma lucidum fungus bag, so that the nutrition is supplied intensively, the grown ganoderma lucidum is large and thick, the quality is excellent, and meanwhile, the appearance of conjoined ganoderma lucidum is avoided; timely removing weeds to prevent the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body from being coated by the weeds in the growth process, and performing other fruiting management according to a conventional method.
Example 4:
1. early preparation
Preparing the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag: according to the weight parts, 48 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 15 parts of mulberry branch chips, 14 parts of cottonseed hulls, 7 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of gypsum and 0.16 part of heating leavening agent are dried in the sun, mixed uniformly, sprayed with warm water to ensure that the water content of the materials is 62%, the pH value is adjusted to 8.0 to obtain a culture material, then the culture material is filled into fungus bags with the length multiplied by the width of 230mm multiplied by 450mm and the thickness of 0.025mm to ensure that the dry weight of each bag of culture material is 1kg, and finally, bagging, sterilization, inoculation and hypha culture are carried out according to a conventional method.
The above-prepared substance was used in the cultivation method described below.
2. The cultivation method for interplanting the passion fruits and the lucid ganoderma comprises the following steps of:
(1) managing the orchard: planting passion fruit in an orchard 1 year ahead according to the specifications of 1.5m plant spacing and 2.0m row spacing, and enabling the passion fruit vines to climb to form a good shading effect; the orchard is flat in terrain, far away from a pollution source, convenient to drain and irrigate, loose in soil texture, and good in air permeability and water retention; the planting season of the passion fruit is 5 months per year;
timely wiping off lateral buds at the seedling stage of the passion fruit to promote the main vines to thicken and elongate, and when the main vines grow to 26cm, adopting flat top type shelving to guide the main vines to set up;
fixing bamboo with diameter of 7.5cm and height of 2m beside each passion fruit plant, and connecting and fixing the plants and rows of bamboo with 16-gauge iron wire;
(2) coating with ganoderma lucidum: cultivating the ganoderma lucidum in the ganoderma lucidum bag, and after hypha of the ganoderma lucidum grows over the fungus bag, covering soil under the ganoderma lucidum bag in 4 months; before covering soil, making small furrows on the whole soil of a passion fruit garden, namely digging small rectangles with the depth of 10cm, the width of 80cm and the length of 60cm away from the passion fruit tree on two sides of the passion fruit garden, and lightly scattering a layer of lime powder on the surface to sterilize and kill insects; sterilizing and deinsectizing for 10 days, cutting a plastic film at one half of the bottom of a ganoderma lucidum fungus bag by using a knife, cutting off a binding rope, erecting the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag in a ridge, putting 5 fungus sticks in each row, leaving a gap of 2cm in the middle, covering a layer of fertile soil with the thickness of 3cm on the fungus sticks after putting, controlling the diameter of fertile soil blocks to be 1.5cm, and spraying water after covering soil to ensure that the covering soil layer is thoroughly wetted; earthing up the passion fruit trees after covering soil, and enabling the soil surface to be slightly higher than the surface of the lucid ganoderma ridge, so that the influence on the normal growth of the passion fruit caused by excessive water spraying of lucid ganoderma or water accumulation at the roots of the passion fruit in rainy days is prevented;
(3) field management: keeping the air humidity at 87% during Ganoderma lucidum emergence, spraying water on Ganoderma lucidum ridge surface for 2 times every day, and draining water to prevent harm to Passion fruit tree due to excessive water spray; during the ganoderma lucidum growing period, the over-dense primordium needs to be removed early, only 1 primordium growing thickest is reserved in each ganoderma lucidum fungus bag, so that the nutrition is supplied intensively, the grown ganoderma lucidum is large and thick, the quality is excellent, and meanwhile, the appearance of conjoined ganoderma lucidum is avoided; timely removing weeds to prevent the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body from being coated by the weeds in the growth process, and performing other fruiting management according to a conventional method.
Test 5:
1. early preparation
Preparing the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag: according to the weight parts, 48 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 12 parts of mulberry branch chips, 17 parts of cottonseed hulls, 12 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of gypsum and 0.15 part of heating leavening agent are dried in the sun, mixed uniformly, sprayed with warm water to ensure that the water content of the materials is 63 percent, the pH value is adjusted to 8.0 to obtain a culture material, then the culture material is filled into fungus bags with the length multiplied by the width of 230mm multiplied by 450mm and the thickness of 0.025mm to ensure that the dry weight of each bag of culture material is 1kg, and finally, bagging, sterilization, inoculation and hypha culture are carried out according to the conventional method.
The above-prepared substance was used in the cultivation method described below.
2. The cultivation method for interplanting the passion fruits and the lucid ganoderma comprises the following steps of:
(1) managing the orchard: planting passion fruit in an orchard 1 year ahead according to the specifications of 1.5m plant spacing and 2.0m row spacing, and enabling the passion fruit vines to climb to form a good shading effect; the orchard is flat in terrain, far away from a pollution source, convenient to drain and irrigate, loose in soil texture, and good in air permeability and water retention; the planting season of the passion fruit is 4 months per year;
timely wiping off lateral buds at the seedling stage of the passion fruit to promote the main vines to thicken and elongate, and when the main vines grow to 24cm, adopting flat top type shelving to guide the main vines to set up;
fixing bamboo with diameter of 7.5cm and height of 2m beside each passion fruit plant, and connecting and fixing the plants and rows of bamboo with 16-gauge iron wire;
(2) coating with ganoderma lucidum: cultivating ganoderma lucidum in a ganoderma lucidum bag, and after hypha of the ganoderma lucidum grows over the fungus bag, covering soil on the ganoderma lucidum bag in the middle ten days of the month 4; before covering soil, making small furrows on the whole soil of a passion fruit garden, namely digging small rectangles with the depth of 10cm, the width of 80cm and the length of 60cm away from the passion fruit tree on two sides of the passion fruit garden, and lightly scattering a layer of lime powder on the surface to sterilize and kill insects; sterilizing and deinsectizing for 10 days, cutting a plastic film at one half of the bottom of a ganoderma lucidum fungus bag by using a knife, cutting off a binding rope, erecting the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag in a ridge, putting 5 fungus sticks in each row, leaving a gap of 2cm in the middle, covering a layer of fertile soil with the thickness of 3cm on the fungus sticks after putting, controlling the diameter of fertile soil blocks to be 1.6cm, and spraying water after covering soil to ensure that the covering soil layer is thoroughly wetted; earthing up the passion fruit trees after covering soil, and enabling the soil surface to be slightly higher than the surface of the lucid ganoderma ridge, so that the influence on the normal growth of the passion fruit caused by excessive water spraying of lucid ganoderma or water accumulation at the roots of the passion fruit in rainy days is prevented;
(3) field management: keeping the air humidity at 88% during Ganoderma lucidum emergence, spraying water on Ganoderma lucidum ridge surface for 3 times every day, and draining water to prevent harm to Passion fruit tree due to excessive water spray; during the ganoderma lucidum growing period, the over-dense primordium needs to be removed early, only 1 primordium growing thickest is reserved in each ganoderma lucidum fungus bag, so that the nutrition is supplied intensively, the grown ganoderma lucidum is large and thick, the quality is excellent, and meanwhile, the appearance of conjoined ganoderma lucidum is avoided; timely removing weeds to prevent the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body from being coated by the weeds in the growth process, and performing other fruiting management according to a conventional method.
Example 6:
1. early preparation
Preparing the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag: 50 parts of mixed wood chips, 20 parts of mulberry branch chips, 20 parts of cottonseed hulls, 15 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of gypsum and 0.2 part of heating leavening agent are dried in the sun, mixed uniformly, sprayed with warm water to ensure that the water content of the materials is 65 percent, the pH value is adjusted to 8.0 to obtain a culture material, then the culture material is filled into fungus bags with the length multiplied by the width of 230mm multiplied by 450mm and the thickness of 0.025mm to ensure that the dry weight of each bag of culture material is 1kg, and finally, bagging, sterilization, inoculation and hypha culture are carried out according to the conventional method.
The above-prepared substance was used in the cultivation method described below.
2. The cultivation method for interplanting the passion fruits and the lucid ganoderma comprises the following steps of:
(1) managing the orchard: planting passion fruit in an orchard 1 year ahead according to the specifications of 1.5m plant spacing and 2.0m row spacing, and enabling the passion fruit vines to climb to form a good shading effect; the orchard is flat in terrain, far away from a pollution source, convenient to drain and irrigate, loose in soil texture, and good in air permeability and water retention; the planting season of the passion fruit is 5 months per year;
timely wiping off lateral buds at the seedling stage of the passion fruit to promote the main vines to thicken and elongate, and when the main vines grow to 30cm, adopting flat top type shelving to guide the main vines to set up;
when erecting, fixing the bamboo with diameter of 8cm and height of 2m beside each passion fruit plant, and connecting and fixing the plants and rows of each bamboo by 16-gauge iron wires;
(2) coating with ganoderma lucidum: cultivating the ganoderma lucidum in the ganoderma lucidum bag, and covering soil under the ganoderma lucidum bag in 5 months after hypha of the ganoderma lucidum grows over the fungus bag; before covering soil, making small furrows on the whole soil of a passion fruit garden, namely digging small rectangles with the depth of 10cm, the width of 80cm and the length of 60cm away from the passion fruit tree on two sides of the passion fruit garden, and lightly scattering a layer of lime powder on the surface to sterilize and kill insects; sterilizing and deinsectizing for 10 days, cutting a plastic film at one half of the bottom of a ganoderma lucidum fungus bag by using a knife, cutting off a binding rope, erecting the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag in a ridge, putting 5 fungus sticks in each row, leaving a 2cm gap in the middle, covering a layer of fertile soil with the thickness of 3cm on the fungus sticks after putting, controlling the diameter of fertile soil blocks to be 2cm, and spraying water after covering soil to ensure that the soil layer is thoroughly wetted; earthing up the passion fruit trees after covering soil, and enabling the soil surface to be slightly higher than the surface of the lucid ganoderma ridge, so that the influence on the normal growth of the passion fruit caused by excessive water spraying of lucid ganoderma or water accumulation at the roots of the passion fruit in rainy days is prevented;
(3) field management: keeping the air humidity at 90% during Ganoderma lucidum emergence, spraying water on Ganoderma lucidum ridge surface for 3 times every day, and draining water to prevent harm to Passion fruit tree due to excessive water spray; during the ganoderma lucidum growing period, the over-dense primordium needs to be removed early, only 1 primordium growing thickest is reserved in each ganoderma lucidum fungus bag, so that the nutrition is supplied intensively, the grown ganoderma lucidum is large and thick, the quality is excellent, and meanwhile, the appearance of conjoined ganoderma lucidum is avoided; timely removing weeds to prevent the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body from being coated by the weeds in the growth process, and performing other fruiting management according to a conventional method.
Test 1:
and (3) lucid ganoderma cultivation test: cultivating each of the cultivated Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense 65d according to the method of example 1, simultaneously simply cultivating the Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense in a greenhouse according to the specification of example 1, taking the Ganoderma lucidum cultivated in the greenhouse and the Ganoderma sinense cultivated in the greenhouse as comparative examples 1 and 2 respectively, recording the pileus size, pileus thickness, stipe length, stipe thickness, average yield and biological efficiency of the Ganoderma lucidum, and recording the results as shown in Table 1.
The test strains are Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense, and are provided by edible fungus breeding research laboratory of institute of microbiology of Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region agro-sciences.
Table 1:
as can be seen from Table 1: the data of the red lucid ganoderma and the purple lucid ganoderma which are interplanted by the passion fruit are superior to those of the red lucid ganoderma and the purple lucid ganoderma which are cultivated in a greenhouse in terms of pileus size, pileus thickness, stipe length, stipe thickness, average yield and biological efficiency, and the effect of improving the quality of the red lucid ganoderma and the purple lucid ganoderma can be achieved by interplanting the lucid ganoderma in the passion fruit garden.
Test 2:
testing the yield of the passion fruit: 10 mu of passion fruit is planted according to the method of the examples 1-6, the yield of the passion fruit per year is recorded by taking the passion fruit without interplanting lucid ganoderma as a comparative example, and all the results are shown in the table 1.
Table 2:
yield/mu
Comparative example 1000kg
Example 1 1126kg
Example 2 1173kg
Example 3 1132kg
Example 4 1118kg
Example 5 1134kg
Example 6 1155kg
The results in table 2 show that: the higher the yield of the passion fruit is, the more effective the planting method is, and the better the planting technology is. The yields of the comparison examples are the lowest, and the yield of the example 2 is the highest, which shows that the yield of the passion fruit by the method for interplanting the lucid ganoderma adopted by the invention is improved in different ranges compared with the yield of the passion fruit without interplanting the lucid ganoderma, and further shows that the yield of the passion fruit is not reduced by interplanting the lucid ganoderma, the growth of the passion fruit is promoted, and the yield of the passion fruit is improved.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The cultivation method for interplanting the passion fruits and the lucid ganoderma is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) managing the orchard: planting passion fruit in an orchard 1 year ahead according to the specifications of 1.5m plant spacing and 2.0m row spacing, and enabling the passion fruit vines to climb to form a good shading effect;
timely removing lateral buds at the seedling stage of the passion fruit to promote the main vines to thicken and extend, and when the main vines grow to be 20-30 cm, adopting a flat top type rack to guide the main vines to be put on the rack;
when erecting, fixing the bamboos with the diameter of 6-8 cm and the height of 2m beside each passion fruit plant, and connecting and fixing the plants and the rows of each bamboo by 16-number iron wires;
(2) coating with ganoderma lucidum: after hypha in the ganoderma lucidum fungus bags grows over the fungus bags, soil is selectively covered under the ganoderma lucidum fungus bags in 3-5 months, small furrows are made on a passion fruit garden in the whole land before the soil is covered, namely, small rectangles with the depth of 10cm, the width of 80cm and the length of the rectangles are dug to two sides of the passion fruit furrows at positions with the distance of 60cm from the two sides, and a layer of lime powder is lightly scattered on the surface of the rectangles so as to sterilize and kill insects; sterilizing and deinsectizing for 10 days, cutting a plastic film at one half of the bottom of a ganoderma lucidum fungus bag by using a knife, cutting off a binding rope, erecting the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag in a ridge, putting 5 fungus sticks in each row, leaving a gap of 2cm in the middle, covering a layer of fertile soil with the thickness of 3cm on the fungus sticks after putting, controlling the diameter of fertile soil blocks to be 0.5-2 cm, and spraying water after covering soil to enable the covering soil layer to be thoroughly wet; earthing up the passion fruit trees after covering soil, and enabling the soil surface to be slightly higher than the surface of the lucid ganoderma ridge, so that the influence on the normal growth of the passion fruit caused by excessive water spraying of lucid ganoderma or water accumulation at the roots of the passion fruit in rainy days is prevented;
the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag is prepared by the following method: according to the weight parts, 40-50 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 10-20 parts of mulberry branch chips, 10-20 parts of cottonseed hulls, 5-15 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of gypsum and 0.1-0.2 part of heating leavening agent are dried in the sun, mixed uniformly, sprayed with warm water to ensure that the water content of the materials is 60% -65%, the pH value is adjusted to 8.0 to obtain a culture material, then the culture material is filled into fungus bags with the length multiplied by the width of 230mm multiplied by 450mm and the thickness of 0.025mm to ensure that the dry weight of each bag of culture material is 1kg, and finally bagging, sterilization, inoculation and hypha culture are carried out according to a conventional method;
purple ganoderma or red ganoderma is cultivated in the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag; the soil covering time of the ganoderma sinense is 3-4 months, and the soil covering time of the ganoderma sinense is 4-5 months;
(3) field management: keeping the air humidity at 80% -90% during the ganoderma lucidum fruiting period, spraying water on the surface of a ganoderma lucidum ridge for 1-3 times every day, and draining water to prevent harm to passion fruit trees caused by excessive water spraying; during the ganoderma lucidum growing period, the over-dense primordium needs to be removed early, only 1 primordium growing thickest is reserved in each ganoderma lucidum fungus bag, so that the nutrition is supplied intensively, the grown ganoderma lucidum is large and thick, the quality is excellent, and meanwhile, the appearance of conjoined ganoderma lucidum is avoided; timely removing weeds to prevent the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body from being coated by the weeds in the growth process, and performing other fruiting management according to a conventional method.
2. The cultivation method for interplanting the passion fruit and the lucid ganoderma according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the orchard terrain is flat, is far away from a pollution source, is convenient to drain and irrigate, is loose in soil, and is good in air permeability and water retention.
3. The cultivation method for interplanting the passion fruit and the lucid ganoderma according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the planting season of the passion fruit in the step (1) is 3-5 months per year.
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