CN114303903A - Arbor root soil humidity control system and method - Google Patents
Arbor root soil humidity control system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114303903A CN114303903A CN202111301302.9A CN202111301302A CN114303903A CN 114303903 A CN114303903 A CN 114303903A CN 202111301302 A CN202111301302 A CN 202111301302A CN 114303903 A CN114303903 A CN 114303903A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for controlling soil humidity of arbor roots, which are characterized in that a detection system, a control system and an execution system are additionally arranged, the temperature and humidity of soil and environment are monitored in real time, water is supplied and drained to an arbor by controlling a water supply capillary system, a water drainage capillary system and a water supply spraying system, and meanwhile, the water supply and drainage conditions are fed back in real time and are subjected to secondary detection, so that the temperature and humidity of the roots and crowns are always kept in a proper range, and the survival rate of the arbor is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gardening cultivation, in particular to a system and a method for controlling soil humidity of arbor roots.
Background
Rare plants are so called as rare because of their scarcity, difficult maintenance, harsh requirements on water and soil nutrients, high ornamental value or special function. Such as Tiemu, Yew, gingko, carpinus putoensis, etc. The ornamental rare plants in the nature grow in tropical and subtropical regions, and have high requirements on natural climate and need sufficient nutrients to maintain growth. If the temperature, the moisture, the soil and the PH value which correspond to different shrubs (trees) are required to be different in extreme high-temperature and dry seasons or the soil is too rich in water, the shrubs (trees) are very easy to lose lives if the growth environment of the shrubs (trees) cannot be met for a long time. Since rare species like arbor have high requirements for ph, nutrient content, moisture and humidity in soil, and death of rare species occurs once the proportion of components is unbalanced, a device capable of controlling moisture temperature is needed to help regulate the water balance of plants autonomously.
For example, a method for improving the survival rate of bare root planting of trees disclosed in the Chinese patent document, which is disclosed in the publication No. CN104719085A, comprises digging at a position 3-5 times the diameter of the trunk of the tree, keeping the root separated from the soil after digging, and cutting the crown; covering the tree body with a film, and transporting the tree body to a transplanting place; digging planting pits before planting in a planting field, wherein the depth of each planting pit is 10-20 cm deeper than a bare root, and the transverse extension size of each planting pit is 10-20 cm wider than the bare root; smearing rooting powder on a root system cut wound, wherein the rooting powder comprises 1-3 parts by weight of naphthylacetic acid, 0.1-1 part by weight of indolebutyric acid, 75-86 parts by weight of talcum powder and 2-10 parts by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol; planting and supporting by using a bracket; and building a water storage ring around the tree after the arbor is planted for about 3-5 days, thoroughly watering the root fixing water mixed with rooting powder and disinfectant in the ditch, filling soil while watering the root fixing water until the root fixing water is not permeated, and tamping and covering a mulching film. The method improves the survival rate of the arbor, but the ridging planting method still cannot ensure that the temperature and the humidity of the arbor in the growing process always meet the growth of the arbor, and the arbor can survive.
Disclosure of Invention
The method mainly aims at the problem that the survival rate of the arbor is low because the temperature and the humidity required by the arbor cannot be provided all the time in the arbor cultivation process in the prior art; a system and a method for controlling the soil humidity of the root of an arbor are provided; through addding detecting system, control system and actuating system, real-time supervision soil and environment humiture, supply water and drainage to the arbor through control water supply capillary system, drainage capillary system and water supply spray system, feed back the water supply and drainage condition in real time simultaneously and carry out the secondary and detect, ensure that the humiture of root and crown remains throughout in suitable range, increase the survival rate of arbor.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme:
a arbor root soil humidity control system comprises,
the detection system is used for detecting the environment temperature, humidity, soil humidity and PH value and transmitting the information to the control system; receiving feedback of an execution system;
the control system receives the information transmitted by the detection system, analyzes and judges the data and controls the corresponding execution system to work;
and the execution system receives the control system, executes the operation and feeds back the executed information to the detection system.
The moisture and humidity of soil and environment are monitored in real time through a humidity control system, the humidity is compared with a data model in time, and after comparison and judgment, a control object, the moisture spraying time and the moisture spraying range are determined, and the moisture is supplemented in time; when soil humidity is too big, in time pass through drainage system and fall unnecessary moisture in with soil, avoid situations such as mashed root because moisture is too big causes to ensure that the growing environment of precious trees can be in a suitable state all the time.
Preferably, the detection system comprises a soil humidity detector, an ambient air humidity detector and a PH detector; the soil humidity detector, the ambient air temperature and humidity detector and the PH detector are respectively connected with the control system; the execution system comprises a water supply electric control valve, a water supply capillary system, a water discharge electric control valve, a water discharge capillary system, an atomizing electric control valve and a water supply atomizing system; the water supply electric control valve is connected with the water supply capillary system, the water discharge electric control valve is connected with the water discharge capillary system, and the spray electric control valve is connected with the water supply spray system. Different control systems are separated through the connection among the systems, the execution information transmitted by the control systems is received, the water in the soil is supplemented and discharged in time, and the condition in the arbor growing environment is ensured to be proper.
Preferably, the water mist spraying capillary tube of the water mist spraying system is arranged on the branches of the trees and the branches, and the water mist spraying capillary tube of the water supply spraying system is arranged along the outline of the roots and stems of the trees; the water supply capillary system is arranged on the upper part of a root system of the arbor; the drainage capillary system is arranged outside the water mist spraying system. When the capillary that arranges along the root can ensure that water smoke sprays, water smoke can in time be absorbed by the rhizome, and water smoke sprays the capillary simultaneously and arranges along the outer profile of arbor earth, ensures that trunk and leaf also can the moisturizing, and drainage capillary system sets up in the periphery outside, and convenient drainage is timely.
A method for controlling the soil humidity of the root of arbor comprises the steps of,
s1, detecting the environmental temperature and humidity, the soil humidity and the PH value, and transmitting the data to a control system;
step S2, the control system analyzes and compares the data to determine the regulation and control object;
and step S3, feeding back the data to the detection system after regulation and control.
The method comprises the steps of collecting information of various components of soil in time, comparing the information with the optimal required quantity of the arbor, determining the quantity to be regulated, supplementing water in time or discharging redundant water in time, feeding back the processed information to a detection system, and detecting for the second time to ensure whether the water in the system reaches the optimal value.
Preferably, when the soil moisture is lower than the lower moisture threshold, the water supply electric control valve is opened, and the water supply capillary system is used for regularly and quantitatively replenishing water to the area needing to be replenished; when the soil moisture exceeds the upper moisture limit threshold, the drainage electric control valve is opened, and the drainage capillary system carries out timed drainage on the rich water area. Ensuring that the water content in the soil is always within a range suitable for the growth of trees.
Preferably, the acquiring step of the lower moisture threshold and the upper moisture threshold includes:
step s61, acquiring hydrological data, soil data and historical temperature data of the original growth environment of the arbor;
step s62, performing iterative calculation according to historical temperature data and hydrological data in the original growth environment, and fitting the data into a temperature-daily evaporation capacity curve; obtaining the water content of the soil according to the soil components in the original growth environment;
step s63, comparing the temperature-daily evaporation curve according to the current day temperature of the real planting field of the arbor to obtain the daily evaporation;
lower moisture threshold = soil moisture content-daily evaporation;
the upper limit of moisture = soil water content + daily evaporation;
and calculating to obtain a lower moisture threshold and an upper moisture threshold.
Obtaining the environmental data of the optimal growth of the arbor according to various data of the arbor growing area, wherein the environmental data comprises the soil water content and the regional characteristics, and determining the final upper limit threshold and the final lower limit threshold according to the local daily evaporation data.
Preferably, the temperature and humidity control method of the tree crown comprises the following steps:
step s71, detecting the environment temperature and humidity by an environment temperature and humidity detector;
step s72, the system receives temperature and humidity data, compares the temperature and humidity data with the optimal temperature and humidity data, controls the water supply capillary system to work if the temperature is higher than the optimal temperature and the humidity is lower than the optimal humidity, and stores the temperature and humidity data;
step s73, judging whether the number of days lower than the optimal temperature and humidity exceeds 5, and if not, normally controlling the water supply capillary system to work; if the optimal temperature and humidity are higher than 5 heaven and earth, the spraying electric control valve is opened to control the water supply spraying system to work.
Judging the temperature and humidity near the crown, storing the detected data because the trunk and the branches are in a water shortage state due to high temperature and low humidity, and judging that the daily evaporation capacity is higher if the ambient temperature continuously exceeds five days and is higher than the optimal temperature or lower than the optimal humidity, so that extra water supplement is needed.
Preferably, the obtaining step of the optimal temperature and humidity is as follows:
step s81, acquiring hydrological data, historical temperature data and growth data of the original growth environment of the arbor;
step s82, fitting a temperature-humidity-arbor growth curve through K-type mean value polymerization;
step s83, selecting the part with the maximum change amplitude in the temperature-arbor growth curve, and simulating the arbor growth environment for iterative calculation; and obtaining temperature and humidity data which are most suitable for the growth of the arbor.
According to the growth state of the arbor in the original growth environment of the arbor, the moisture and the humidity required by the arbor at each temperature are determined, after data are obtained, the optimal humidity and the growth state can be determined by comparing the temperatures of the transplanting land, and the temperature and the humidity in the air and the soil are adjusted to adapt to the growth of the arbor.
Preferably, the soil pH is regulated by the following steps:
step s91, arranging a PH detector near the root of the arbor, and manually setting a PH value range suitable for the arbor to grow;
step s92, detecting the pH value of the soil by a detection system; the control system judges whether the pH value is in a pH value range suitable for arbor growth;
and step s93, if the pH value exceeds the pH value range suitable for arbor growth, the control system gives an alarm to prompt manual intervention on the pH value.
The PH value of the soil is regulated, so that the arbor can grow in the proper PH of the soil all the time, and the arbor can grow conveniently.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
through addding detecting system, control system and actuating system, real-time supervision soil and environment humiture, supply water and drainage to the arbor through control water supply capillary system, drainage capillary system and water supply spray system, feed back the water supply and drainage condition in real time simultaneously and carry out the secondary and detect, ensure that the humiture of root and crown remains throughout in suitable range, increase the survival rate of arbor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling soil moisture at the root of a tree.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments.
A arbor root soil humidity control system comprises,
the detection system is used for detecting the environment temperature, humidity, soil humidity and PH value and transmitting the information to the control system; receiving feedback of an execution system; the detection system comprises a soil humidity detector, an ambient air temperature and humidity detector and a PH detector; the three are respectively connected with the control system, monitor the humiture of air and soil in real time, monitor the pH value of soil simultaneously, will detect simultaneously that data transmission compares in the middle of to calculate to the control system.
The control system receives the information transmitted by the detection system, analyzes and judges the data and controls the corresponding execution system to work;
the execution system receives the control system and executes the operation, and feeds back the executed information to the detection system, and the execution system comprises a water supply electric control valve, a water supply capillary system, a water drainage electric control valve, a water drainage capillary system, an atomizing electric control valve and a water supply atomizing system; the water supply electric control valve is connected with the water supply capillary system, the water discharge electric control valve is connected with the water discharge capillary system, and the spray electric control valve is connected with the water supply spray system. The complete execution system ensures that the execution system can adjust and change data according to the regulation and control object after receiving the command of the control system, and ensures that the temperature and humidity data can meet the growth requirement of the arbor.
The water mist spraying capillary tube of the water mist spraying system is arranged on the branches and the trunks of the trees, the capillary tube arranged along the branches can supplement water for the crowns and the branches when the humidity is too low or the temperature is too high, and the water mist spraying capillary tube of the water supply spraying system is arranged along the outline of the roots and the stems of the trees so as to supplement water for the trunks conveniently; the water supply capillary system is arranged on the upper part of the root system of the arbor and can directly supplement water for the root system of the arbor at the bottom; the drainage capillary system is arranged outside the water mist spraying system, so that redundant water can be discharged, and the situation that the root system is soaked in the redundant water for a long time and is anoxic and rotten is avoided.
A method for controlling the soil humidity of the root of arbor comprises the steps of,
detecting the environment temperature and humidity, the soil humidity and the PH value, and transmitting the data to a control system;
the control system analyzes and compares the data to determine a regulation object; when the soil moisture exceeds the upper moisture limit threshold, the drainage electric control valve is opened, and the drainage capillary system carries out timed drainage on the rich water area; when the soil moisture is lower than the lower moisture threshold, the water supply electric control valve is opened, and the water supply capillary system is used for regularly and quantitatively replenishing water for the area needing to be replenished;
and step S3, feeding back the data to the detection system after regulation and control.
Acquiring the lower water limit threshold and the upper water limit threshold requires acquiring hydrological data, soil data and historical temperature data of the original growth environment of the arbor; the original growth environment of the arbor is the most suitable for the growth of the arbor, so that the survival rate of the arbor can be ensured to the maximum extent by selecting the environment as a data source.
Then, carrying out iterative calculation according to historical temperature data and hydrological data in the original growth environment, and fitting the data into a temperature-daily evaporation capacity curve; the soil moisture content is obtained from the soil constituents in the original growing environment.
Comparing a temperature-daily evaporation curve according to the current day temperature of the real planting field of the arbor to obtain the daily evaporation; the optimal soil water content of the arbor is calculated according to the original growing area data of the arbor, so the optimal water content at a certain temperature is completely obtained according to the original area, the evaporation capacity of the transplanting area is the local condition, and the lower limit threshold of the water content is = the soil water content-daily evaporation capacity; the upper limit of the water content is = the soil water content + the daily evaporation capacity, so that the water content in the soil can be kept in the optimal water content range most effectively.
Due to the fact that the precious plants have high requirements on temperature and humidity, not only is the growing environment of roots in soil required to be maintained within a range, but also the crowns are required to be capable of being at a proper temperature and humidity, however, the trunk and the crown parts are stronger than the roots of trees, and therefore the surplus water does not need to be monitored and removed at any time. The temperature and humidity control method of the tree crown comprises the following steps:
step s71, detecting the environment temperature and humidity by an environment temperature and humidity detector;
step s72, the system receives temperature and humidity data, compares the temperature and humidity data with the optimal temperature and humidity data, controls the water supply capillary system to work if the temperature is higher than the optimal temperature and the humidity is lower than the optimal humidity, and stores the temperature and humidity data; acquiring the optimal temperature and humidity, namely acquiring hydrological data, historical temperature data and growth data of the original growth environment of the arbor; then fitting a temperature-humidity-arbor growth curve through K-type mean value polymerization; finally, selecting the part with the maximum change amplitude in the temperature-arbor growth curve, and simulating the arbor growth environment for iterative calculation; obtaining temperature and humidity data which are most suitable for arbor growth;
step s73, judging whether the number of days lower than the optimal temperature and humidity exceeds 5, and if not, normally controlling the water supply capillary system to work; if the optimal temperature and humidity are higher than 5 heaven and earth, the spraying electric control valve is opened to control the water supply spraying system to work.
The growth of precious species has high requirements on the pH value of soil, and at the moment, the pH value of the soil needs to be simply detected and timely improved, and the detection steps are as follows:
step s91, arranging a PH detector near the root of the arbor, and manually setting a PH value range suitable for the arbor to grow;
step s92, detecting the pH value of the soil by a detection system; the control system judges whether the pH value is in a pH value range suitable for arbor growth;
and step s93, if the pH value exceeds the pH value range suitable for arbor growth, the control system gives an alarm to prompt manual intervention on the pH value. The PH value of the soil is always maintained in a proper range through manual intervention, and the survival rate of the arbor can be ensured to be higher only by ensuring that the arbor always grows in a proper environment.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a arbor root soil moisture control system which characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the detection system is used for detecting the environment temperature, humidity, soil humidity and PH value and transmitting the information to the control system; receiving feedback of an execution system;
the control system receives the information transmitted by the detection system, analyzes and judges the data and controls the corresponding execution system to work;
and the execution system receives the control system, executes the operation and feeds back the executed information to the detection system.
2. The arbor root soil moisture control system of claim 1, wherein: the detection system comprises a soil humidity detector, an ambient air temperature and humidity detector and a PH detector; the soil humidity detector, the ambient air temperature and humidity detector and the PH detector are respectively connected with the control system; the execution system comprises a water supply electric control valve, a water supply capillary system, a water discharge electric control valve, a water discharge capillary system, an atomizing electric control valve and a water supply atomizing system; the water supply electric control valve is connected with the water supply capillary system, the water discharge electric control valve is connected with the water discharge capillary system, and the spray electric control valve is connected with the water supply spray system.
3. The arbor root soil moisture control system of claim 2, wherein: the water mist spraying capillary tube of the water mist spraying system is arranged on the branches and the branches of the trees, and the water mist spraying capillary tube of the water supply spraying system is arranged along the outline of the roots and the stems of the trees; the water supply capillary system is arranged on the upper part of a root system of the arbor; the drainage capillary system is arranged outside the water mist spraying system.
4. A method for controlling the soil humidity of the root of an arbor, which adopts the system of claims 1-6, and is characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
s1, detecting the environmental temperature and humidity, the soil humidity and the PH value, and transmitting the data to a control system;
step S2, the control system analyzes and compares the data to determine the regulation and control object;
and step S3, feeding back the data to the detection system after regulation and control.
5. The arbor root soil humidity control method of claim 4, wherein:
when the soil moisture is lower than the lower moisture threshold, the water supply electric control valve is opened, and the water supply capillary system is used for regularly and quantitatively replenishing water for the area needing to be replenished;
when the soil moisture exceeds the upper moisture limit threshold, the drainage electric control valve is opened, and the drainage capillary system carries out timed drainage on the rich water area.
6. The arbor root soil moisture control method of claim 5, wherein: the acquiring step of the lower moisture threshold and the upper moisture threshold comprises the following steps:
step s61, acquiring hydrological data, soil data and historical temperature data of the original growth environment of the arbor;
step s62, performing iterative calculation according to historical temperature data and hydrological data in the original growth environment, and fitting the data into a temperature-daily evaporation capacity curve; obtaining the water content of the soil according to the soil components in the original growth environment;
step s63, comparing the temperature-daily evaporation curve according to the current day temperature of the real planting field of the arbor to obtain the daily evaporation;
lower moisture threshold = soil moisture content-daily evaporation;
the upper limit of moisture = soil water content + daily evaporation;
and calculating to obtain a lower moisture threshold and an upper moisture threshold.
7. The arbor root soil humidity control method of claim 4, wherein: the temperature and humidity control method of the tree crown comprises the following steps:
step s71, detecting the environment temperature and humidity by an environment temperature and humidity detector;
step s72, the system receives temperature and humidity data, compares the temperature and humidity data with the optimal temperature and humidity data, controls the water supply capillary system to work if the temperature is higher than the optimal temperature and the humidity is lower than the optimal humidity, and stores the temperature and humidity data;
step s73, judging whether the number of days lower than the optimal temperature and humidity exceeds 5, and if not, normally controlling the water supply capillary system to work; if the optimal temperature and humidity are higher than 5 heaven and earth, the spraying electric control valve is opened to control the water supply spraying system to work.
8. The arbor root soil moisture control method of claim 7, wherein: the optimal temperature and humidity obtaining steps are as follows:
step s81, acquiring hydrological data, historical temperature data and growth data of the original growth environment of the arbor;
step s82, fitting a temperature-humidity-arbor growth curve through K-type mean value polymerization;
step s83, selecting the part with the maximum change amplitude in the temperature-arbor growth curve, and simulating the arbor growth environment for iterative calculation; and obtaining temperature and humidity data which are most suitable for the growth of the arbor.
9. The arbor root soil humidity control method of claim 4, wherein: the soil PH regulation steps are as follows:
step s91, arranging a PH detector near the root of the arbor, and manually setting a PH value range suitable for the arbor to grow;
step s92, detecting the pH value of the soil by a detection system; the control system judges whether the pH value is in a pH value range suitable for arbor growth;
and step s93, if the pH value exceeds the pH value range suitable for arbor growth, the control system gives an alarm to prompt manual intervention on the pH value.
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