CN108849177A - A kind of method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation - Google Patents
A kind of method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108849177A CN108849177A CN201810634823.8A CN201810634823A CN108849177A CN 108849177 A CN108849177 A CN 108849177A CN 201810634823 A CN201810634823 A CN 201810634823A CN 108849177 A CN108849177 A CN 108849177A
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- arabiancoffee
- nursery stock
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- oil plant
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- 240000007154 Coffea arabica Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 235000007460 Coffea arabica Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 240000000528 Ricinus communis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007836 KH2PO4 Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000723377 Coffea Species 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007575 Macadamia integrifolia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000018330 Macadamia integrifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000003800 Macadamia tetraphylla Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008790 Musa x paradisiaca Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000422846 Sequoiadendron giganteum Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000700143 Castor fiber Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the methods that arabiancoffee nursery stock under a kind of condition of drip irrigation uses castor-oil plant shade, and the invention belongs to coffee technical field of cultivation.The present invention is that castor-oil plant is interplanted in 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock ground as shade tree species by shade tree species with arabiancoffee nursery stock.Good shade environment is provided for arabiancoffee nursery stock using the growth vigor of castor-oil plant, and carries out trickle irrigation in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant and applies fertilizer several times.The present invention can improve the growing environment of arabiancoffee nursery stock, promote the growth of arabiancoffee nursery stock, improve the quality of nursery stock, increase the space efficiency utilization and economic benefit on coffee ground.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods that arabiancoffee nursery stock under a kind of condition of drip irrigation uses castor-oil plant shade, belong to coffee cultivation skill
Art field.
Background technique
Arabiancoffee nursery stock just can be as a result, can not generate economic benefit to coffee within this time after plantation 3 ~ 4 years.
Arabiancoffee plant in seedling stage is shorter, is not fully utilized to coffee, and upper space is idle.Therefore, selection is suitable
Suitable high-order crop is interplanted with arabiancoffee nursery stock, for improving the space utilization rate on coffee ground, increases farmers' income non-
It is often important.
The habit that there is arabiancoffee happiness to cover cultivation, intensity of illumination mistake extremely sensitive to the reaction of intensity of illumination
It is low to will cause arabiancoffee plant percent greatly.Reasonable concealment cultivation can provide suitable growth and development for arabiancoffee nursery stock
Environment.It covers and cultivates changeable intensity of illumination, improve the moist heat of arabiancoffee seedling growth, avoid blade because of excessive oxygen
Change and falls.Shade environment appropriate may additionally facilitate the growth of arabiancoffee nursery stock, increase hat width and shoot length, bud quantity
Increase, while the physiological activity of arabiancoffee nursery stock can be enhanced, optimize photosynthesis characteristics, increase Biomass Accumulation, improves water light
Utilization efficiency.However, excessively shade can make arabiancoffee nursery stock influence the photosynthesis of blade because luminous energy obtains deficiency, in turn
It influences coffee blade moisture and luminous energy is absorbed and utilized, the final growth for influencing arabiancoffee nursery stock.Therefore, reasonable to cover
Cultivation has great importance to the growth of arabiancoffee nursery stock.
Currently, the form for mostly using the crops such as corn, banana, Queensland nut and arabiancoffee to interplant in actual production is come
It is reached for the purpose of its shade, but corn has the shortcomings that breeding time is short, economic value is low etc., banana and Queensland nut are tall and big
Tree species, tree crown is larger, can provide shade environment for the big tree of arabiancoffee, but is interplanted when shading with arabiancoffee nursery stock, can be because
Degree of shading is excessive and inhibits the growth of arabiancoffee nursery stock.It is reasonable high when using shading screen for the shade of arabiancoffee nursery stock
More difficult determination is spent, excessively high Shade effect is bad, and it is too low, influence the growth of arabiancoffee nursery stock.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the methods that arabiancoffee nursery stock under a kind of condition of drip irrigation uses castor-oil plant shade, it is therefore intended that overcomes
Defect existing for above-mentioned technology, with low for solving coffee space utilization rate, arabiancoffee seedling growth and survival rate are obtained not
To the problem of guarantee.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation, with small
Grain coffee nursery stock is to be interplanted castor-oil plant in 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock ground by shade tree species as shade tree species, utilized castor-oil plant
Growth vigor provide shade environment for arabiancoffee nursery stock, and dripped in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant
It fills and applies fertilizer several times.
Castor-oil plant is perennial plant, and growth rapidly, is easy to control, and tree crown concealment property is good, and sustainable is arabiancoffee nursery stock
Shade, castor-oil plant lower part can provide enough spaces without leaf for the growth of arabiancoffee nursery stock.Castor-oil plant and arabiancoffee nursery stock set
Kind, castor-oil plant can be such that Luminous energy resource is utilized at many levels in upper layer, arabiancoffee nursery stock in lower layer, to improve light-use effect
Rate.
Specific step is as follows for the method：
Step1, select 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock as by shade tree species, 1.0 ~ 1.2 m of spacing in the rows, 1.3 ~ 1.5 m of line-spacing；
Step2, interplanting castor-oil plant is used as shade tree species to form slight shade environment in having planted 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock ground；
Interplanting mode is：1 arabiancoffee nursery stock interplants 1 castor-oil plant in every a line, with castor-oil plant in a line and arabiancoffee nursery stock away from
From for 0.5 ~ 0.6 m；
Step3, trickle irrigation is carried out in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant and is applied fertilizer several times, and carry out other normal
Regulate reason.
In the step Step1, the plant height of arabiancoffee nursery stock is 20 ~ 25 cm, and stem thickness is 5 ~ 6 mm.
In the step Step2, castor seeds, every bunch planting kind 2 ~ 3 are sowed after plantation raw arabiancoffee nursery stock 30 days 1 year
Grain seed；1 month after emergence, thinning is carried out；Select to grow fine, consistent castor-oil plant seedling is as shade tree species, every cave is only protected
Stay one plant；The castor-oil plant fruit of irregular harvesting ripe later.
In the step Step3, drip surface, irrigation frequency are carried out in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant
It is 7 days；Water dropper is located at 10 cm of side away from a line nursery stock, 2 Lh of dripping end flow-1, 0.1 MPa of operating pressure, water meter
Measure Controlled irrigation amount.
In the step Step3, in the season of growth of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant, is applied fertilizer, applied every time several times
With 13 g of urea.Strain-1And KH2PO4Amount is 6 g.Strain-1；Fertilization mode is annular fertilization, apart from arabiancoffee nursery stock trunk 10 ~
At 15 cm, the annular fertilization slot of wide 5 ~ 7 cm, deep 10 ~ 15 cm, earthing after uniform of application are dug.
In the step Step3, fertilization time March and June annual after interplanting castor-oil plant respectively several times, each equivalent
Application.
In the step Step3, Routine Management includes weeding ridging, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, tree-like finishing etc..
Drip irrigation using abundant trickle irrigation I0, high water droplet fill I1, middle water droplet fill I2, low water droplet fill I3 in any one or
It is several；Abundant trickle irrigation I0, the trickle irrigation amount that high water droplet fills I1, middle water droplet fills I2, low water droplet filling I3 is each are respectively 1.2 Ep、1.0
Ep、0.8 Ep、0.6 Ep；Wherein EpFor in trickle irrigation interval twiceφThe water surface evaporation of 20 cm standard pans measurement（mm）.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, the present invention makes full use of arabiancoffee to have happiness Wen Liang, habit that is wet and covering cultivation, is small using castor-oil plant
Grain coffee nursery stock is shaded, and can be improved the growing environment of arabiancoffee nursery stock, to promote the growth of arabiancoffee nursery stock, be mentioned
The quality of high nursery stock；
2, the present invention propose using castor-oil plant for arabiancoffee nursery stock provide shade environment best nixed planting and corresponding trickle irrigation
Mode can provide theoretical foundation and practice reference for the water light integrated management of arabiancoffee nursery stock；
3, the high-order crop that the present invention selects fast-growing easily-controllable provides concealment growing environment for arabiancoffee nursery stock, can make Luminous energy resource
It is utilized at many levels, improves optical energy utilization efficiency, can also increase the space utilization rate and economic benefit on coffee ground.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the test arrangement schematic diagram under a trickle irrigation level of the invention；
Fig. 2 is different trickle irrigations and the plant height increment for covering arabiancoffee nursery stock under cultivation mode；
Fig. 3 is different trickle irrigations and the dry biomass for covering arabiancoffee nursery stock under cultivation mode.
Each label in Fig. 1-3：I0It sufficiently irrigates, I1High water irrigation, I2Middle water irrigation, I3Low water irrigation, S0Without concealment
Cultivation, S1It is slight to cover cultivation, S2Severe covers cultivation.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：As shown in Figure 1-3, a kind of method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation, with small
Grain coffee nursery stock is to be interplanted castor-oil plant in 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock ground by shade tree species as shade tree species, utilized castor-oil plant
Growth vigor provide shade environment for arabiancoffee nursery stock, and dripped in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant
It fills and applies fertilizer several times.
Further, specific step is as follows for the method：
Step1, select 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock as by shade tree species, 1.0 m of spacing in the rows, 1.3 m of line-spacing；
Step2, interplanting castor-oil plant is used as shade tree species to form slight shade environment in having planted 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock ground；
Interplanting mode is：1 arabiancoffee nursery stock interplants 1 castor-oil plant in every a line, with castor-oil plant in a line and arabiancoffee nursery stock away from
From for 0.5 m；
Step3, trickle irrigation is carried out in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant and is applied fertilizer several times, and carry out other normal
Regulate reason.
Further, in the step Step1, the plant height of arabiancoffee nursery stock is 20 ~ 25 cm, and stem thickness is 5 ~ 6 mm.
Further, in the step Step2, castor seeds are sowed after plantation raw arabiancoffee nursery stock 30 days 1 year, often
2 ~ 3 seeds of bunch planting kind；1 month after emergence, thinning is carried out；Select to grow fine, consistent castor-oil plant seedling is as shade tree species,
Every cave only retains one plant；The castor-oil plant fruit of irregular harvesting ripe later.
Further, in the step Step3, earth's surface drop is carried out in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant
It fills, irrigation frequency is 7 days；Water dropper is located at 10 cm of side away from a line nursery stock, 2 Lh of dripping end flow-1, operating pressure 0.1
MPa, water meter measurement Controlled irrigation amount.
Further, it in the step Step3, in the season of growth of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant, is applied several times
Fertilizer applies 13 g of urea every time.Strain-1And KH2PO4Amount is 6 g.Strain-1；Fertilization mode is annular fertilization, apart from arabiancoffee seedling
Ebon does at 10cm, digs the annular fertilization slot of wide 5 cm, deep 10 cm, earthing after uniform of application.
Further, in the step Step3, fertilization time March and 6 annual after interplanting castor-oil plant respectively several times
Month, each equivalent application.
Further, in the step Step3, Routine Management includes weeding ridging, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, tree-like finishing etc..
Further, drip irrigation fills I1, middle water droplet filling I2, low water droplet using abundant trickle irrigation I0, high water droplet and fills in I3
Any one or a few；Abundant trickle irrigation I0, high water droplet fill I1, middle water droplet fills I2, low water droplet fills each trickle irrigation amount of I3 and is respectively
1.2 Ep、1.0 Ep、0.8 Ep、0.6 Ep；Wherein EpFor in trickle irrigation interval twiceφThe water surface of 20 cm standard pans measurement steams
Hair amount（mm）.
Embodiment 2：As shown in Figure 1-3, a kind of method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation, with small
Grain coffee nursery stock is to be interplanted castor-oil plant in 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock ground by shade tree species as shade tree species, utilized castor-oil plant
Growth vigor provide shade environment for arabiancoffee nursery stock, and dripped in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant
It fills and applies fertilizer several times.
Further, specific step is as follows for the method：
Step1, select 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock as by shade tree species, 1.1 m of spacing in the rows, 1.4 m of line-spacing；
Step2, interplanting castor-oil plant is used as shade tree species to form slight shade environment in having planted 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock ground；
Interplanting mode is：1 arabiancoffee nursery stock interplants 1 castor-oil plant in every a line, with castor-oil plant in a line and arabiancoffee nursery stock away from
From for 0.55 m；
Step3, trickle irrigation is carried out in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant and is applied fertilizer several times, and carry out other normal
Regulate reason.
Further, in the step Step1, the plant height of arabiancoffee nursery stock is 20 ~ 25 cm, and stem thickness is 5 ~ 6 mm.
Further, in the step Step2, castor seeds are sowed after plantation raw arabiancoffee nursery stock 30 days 1 year, often
2 ~ 3 seeds of bunch planting kind；1 month after emergence, thinning is carried out；Select to grow fine, consistent castor-oil plant seedling is as shade tree species,
Every cave only retains one plant；The castor-oil plant fruit of irregular harvesting ripe later.
Further, in the step Step3, earth's surface drop is carried out in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant
It fills, irrigation frequency is 7 days；Water dropper is located at 10 cm of side away from a line nursery stock, 2 Lh of dripping end flow-1, operating pressure 0.1
MPa, water meter measurement Controlled irrigation amount.
Further, it in the step Step3, in the season of growth of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant, is applied several times
Fertilizer applies 13 g of urea every time.Strain-1And KH2PO4Amount is 6 g.Strain-1；Fertilization mode is annular fertilization, apart from arabiancoffee seedling
Ebon does at 12cm, digs the annular fertilization slot of wide 56 cm, depth 12cm, earthing after uniform of application.
Further, in the step Step3, fertilization time March and 6 annual after interplanting castor-oil plant respectively several times
Month, each equivalent application.
Further, in the step Step3, Routine Management includes weeding ridging, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, tree-like finishing etc..
Further, drip irrigation fills I1, middle water droplet filling I2, low water droplet using abundant trickle irrigation I0, high water droplet and fills in I3
Any one or a few；Abundant trickle irrigation I0, high water droplet fill I1, middle water droplet fills I2, low water droplet fills each trickle irrigation amount of I3 and is respectively
1.2 Ep、1.0 Ep、0.8 Ep、0.6 Ep；Wherein EpFor in trickle irrigation interval twiceφThe water surface of 20 cm standard pans measurement steams
Hair amount（mm）.
Embodiment 3：As shown in Figure 1-3, a kind of method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation, with small
Grain coffee nursery stock is to be interplanted castor-oil plant in 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock ground by shade tree species as shade tree species, utilized castor-oil plant
Growth vigor provide shade environment for arabiancoffee nursery stock, and dripped in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant
It fills and applies fertilizer several times.
Further, specific step is as follows for the method：
Step1, select 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock as by shade tree species, 1.2 m of spacing in the rows, 1.5 m of line-spacing；
Step2, interplanting castor-oil plant is used as shade tree species to form slight shade environment in having planted 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock ground；
Interplanting mode is：1 arabiancoffee nursery stock interplants 1 castor-oil plant in every a line, with castor-oil plant in a line and arabiancoffee nursery stock away from
From for 0.6 m；
Step3, trickle irrigation is carried out in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant and is applied fertilizer several times, and carry out other normal
Regulate reason.
Further, in the step Step1, the plant height of arabiancoffee nursery stock is 20 ~ 25 cm, and stem thickness is 5 ~ 6 mm.
Further, in the step Step2, castor seeds are sowed after plantation raw arabiancoffee nursery stock 30 days 1 year, often
2 ~ 3 seeds of bunch planting kind；1 month after emergence, thinning is carried out；Select to grow fine, consistent castor-oil plant seedling is as shade tree species,
Every cave only retains one plant；The castor-oil plant fruit of irregular harvesting ripe later.
Further, in the step Step3, earth's surface drop is carried out in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant
It fills, irrigation frequency is 7 days；Water dropper is located at 10 cm of side away from a line nursery stock, 2 Lh of dripping end flow-1, operating pressure 0.1
MPa, water meter measurement Controlled irrigation amount.
Further, it in the step Step3, in the season of growth of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant, is applied several times
Fertilizer applies 13 g of urea every time.Strain-1And KH2PO4Amount is 6 g.Strain-1；Fertilization mode is annular fertilization, apart from arabiancoffee seedling
Ebon does at 15 cm, digs the annular fertilization slot of wide 7 cm, deep 15 cm, earthing after uniform of application.
Further, in the step Step3, fertilization time March and 6 annual after interplanting castor-oil plant respectively several times
Month, each equivalent application.
Further, in the step Step3, Routine Management includes weeding ridging, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, tree-like finishing etc..
Further, drip irrigation fills I1, middle water droplet filling I2, low water droplet using abundant trickle irrigation I0, high water droplet and fills in I3
Any one or a few；Abundant trickle irrigation I0, high water droplet fill I1, middle water droplet fills I2, low water droplet fills each trickle irrigation amount of I3 and is respectively
1.2 Ep、1.0 Ep、0.8 Ep、0.6 Ep；Wherein EpFor in trickle irrigation interval twiceφThe water surface of 20 cm standard pans measurement steams
Hair amount（mm）.
Embodiment 4：As shown in Figure 1-3, a kind of method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation, this reality
Example test is applied in March, 2016 in December, 2017 in Kunming University of Science and Technology's vinyl house（102 ° of 45 ' E, 24 ° of 42 ' N）It is interior into
Row.
Step1：1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock is transplanted on March 1st, 2016 in greenhouse vacant lot, spacing in the rows is 1.0 m, and line-spacing is
1.3 m, 20 ~ 25 cm of plant height, 5 ~ 6 mm of stem thickness.
Step2：After arabiancoffee nursery stock transplanting 30 days, the plantation of castor-oil plant is carried out.2 ~ 3 castor seeds of every bunch planting kind.
1 month after emergence, thinning is carried out.Select to grow fine, consistent castor-oil plant seedling is as shade tree species, every cave only retains one plant of castor
Fiber crops.The interplanting mode of castor-oil plant is：1 arabiancoffee nursery stock interplants 1 castor-oil plant, with castor-oil plant in a line and arabiancoffee nursery stock away from
From for 0.5 m；The castor-oil plant fruit of irregular harvesting ripe.
Step3：Trickle irrigation is carried out in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant and is applied fertilizer several times.It is dripped using earth's surface
It fills, irrigation quantity is controlled using the evaporation capacity of evaporating dish, and irrigation frequency is 7 days.Water dropper is located at 10 cm of side away from a line nursery stock
Place, 2 Lh of dripping end flow-1, 0.1 MPa of operating pressure, water meter measurement Controlled irrigation amount.Fertilization time is respectively in June, 2016
15 days, March 13 and on June 17th, 2017 in 2017, each equivalent apply.Application urea every time（Nitrogenous 46.4%）13 g.
Strain-1And KH2PO4（Containing P2O552%, K2O 34%）6 g. plants-1.Fertilization mode is annular fertilization, apart from arabiancoffee nursery stock tree
At dry 10 cm, the annular fertilization slot of wide 5 cm, deep 10 cm, earthing after uniform of application are dug.
The soil of practice ground can be the bronzing sandy loam that formation is developed on old alluvium, organic matter 5.05g.kg-1,
0.87 g of full nitrogen.kg-1, complete 0.68 g of phosphorus.kg-1With complete 13.9 g of potassium.kg-1。
In order to more of the invention in the technical advantage of arabiancoffee stock growing, 4 dripping irrigation waters are arranged in this test simultaneously
Gentle 3 concealments cultivation mode, compares.Flat 4 dripping irrigation waters are respectively abundant trickle irrigation I0（1.2 Ep）, high water I1（1.0
Ep）, middle water I2（0.8 Ep）With low water I3（0.6 Ep）, wherein EpFor in trickle irrigation interval twiceφ20 cm standard pans are surveyed
Fixed water surface evaporation（mm）, evaporating dish be used to determine fill how much water, the water being poured into ground is controlled with water meter later.Test
Period finally measure I0, I0, I2 and I3 in 1 year trickle irrigation amount be respectively 1030.08 mm, 858.40 mm, 686.72 mm and
515.04 mm.3 concealment cultivation modes, respectively without concealment（S0：Nonoculture coffee, control）, slight cover（S0：Every a line 1
Coffee interplants 1 castor-oil plant）It is covered with severe（S2：1 coffee of every a line interplants 2 castor-oil plants）, slight to cover under cultivation mode
Castor-oil plant is 0.5 m at a distance from arabiancoffee nursery stock, and severe covers castor-oil plant under cultivation mode is at a distance from arabiancoffee nursery stock
0.33 m。
The present embodiment calculates increment in the plant height that on-test measures arabiancoffee nursery stock respectively at the end of, at the end
Measure the dry biomass of nursery stock.As a result as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
It can be seen that either abundant trickle irrigation I0, high water droplet fill I1, middle water droplet fills I2 and low water droplet fills I3 from Fig. 2 Fig. 3
Under the conditions of, the slight grain coffee nursery stock plant height increment covered under S1 interplanting environment and dry biomass are maximum.
And further in general, high water droplet fills under slight shade（S1,I1）Handle obtained arabiancoffee nursery stock plant height
Increment and dry biomass are maximum.
Above in conjunction with attached drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Embodiment within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art can also be before not departing from present inventive concept
Put that various changes can be made.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation, it is characterised in that：With arabiancoffee nursery stock
By shade tree species, to interplant castor-oil plant in 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock ground as shade tree species, the growth vigor of castor-oil plant is utilized
Shade environment is provided for arabiancoffee nursery stock, and carries out trickle irrigation and several times in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant
Fertilising.
2. the method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Specific step is as follows for the method：
Step1, select 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock as by shade tree species, 1.0 ~ 1.2 m of spacing in the rows, 1.3 ~ 1.5 m of line-spacing；
Step2, interplanting castor-oil plant is used as shade tree species to form slight shade environment in having planted 1 year raw arabiancoffee nursery stock ground；
Interplanting mode is：1 arabiancoffee nursery stock interplants 1 castor-oil plant in every a line, with castor-oil plant in a line and arabiancoffee nursery stock away from
From for 0.5 ~ 0.6 m；
Step3, trickle irrigation is carried out in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant and is applied fertilizer several times, and carry out other normal
Regulate reason.
3. the method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
In the step Step1, the plant height of arabiancoffee nursery stock is 20 ~ 25 cm, and stem thickness is 5 ~ 6 mm.
4. the method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
In the step Step2, castor seeds, 2 ~ 3 seeds of every bunch planting kind are sowed after plantation raw arabiancoffee nursery stock 30 days 1 year；
1 month after emergence, thinning is carried out；Select to grow fine, consistent castor-oil plant seedling is as shade tree species, every cave only retains one plant；
The castor-oil plant fruit of irregular harvesting ripe later.
5. the method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
In the step Step3, drip surface is carried out in the growth course of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant, irrigation frequency is 7 days；Drop
Head is located at 10 cm of side away from a line nursery stock, 2 Lh of dripping end flow-1, 0.1 MPa of operating pressure, water meter measurement control filling
Water.
6. the method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
It in the step Step3, in the season of growth of arabiancoffee nursery stock and castor-oil plant, is applied fertilizer several times, applies urea 13 every time
g.Strain-1And KH2PO4Amount is 6 g.Strain-1；Fertilization mode is annular fertilization, at 10 ~ 15 cm of arabiancoffee nursery stock trunk,
Dig the annular fertilization slot of wide 5 ~ 7 cm, deep 10 ~ 15 cm, earthing after uniform of application.
7. the method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
In the step Step3, fertilization time March and June annual after interplanting castor-oil plant respectively several times, each equivalent application.
8. the method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
In the step Step3, Routine Management includes weeding ridging, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, tree-like finishing.
9. the method that arabiancoffee nursery stock uses castor-oil plant shade under condition of drip irrigation according to claim 1-8,
It is characterized in that：Drip irrigation fills any one in I2, low water droplet filling I3 using abundant trickle irrigation I0, high water droplet filling I1, middle water droplet
Or it is several；Abundant trickle irrigation I0, the trickle irrigation amount that high water droplet fills I1, middle water droplet fills I2, low water droplet filling I3 is each are respectively 1.2 Ep、
1.0 Ep、0.8 Ep、0.6 Ep；Wherein EpFor in trickle irrigation interval twiceφThe water surface evaporation of 20 cm standard pans measurement.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111543237A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-18 | 宁洱县普义乡林农咖啡种植农民专业合作社 | Cultivation method for improving coffee root activity |
| CN115843589A (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-03-28 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Green grass control method for coffee garden |
-
2018
- 2018-06-20 CN CN201810634823.8A patent/CN108849177A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111543237A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-18 | 宁洱县普义乡林农咖啡种植农民专业合作社 | Cultivation method for improving coffee root activity |
| CN115843589A (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-03-28 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Green grass control method for coffee garden |
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