CN114258812A - Stumping and rejuvenating technology for apocarya - Google Patents
Stumping and rejuvenating technology for apocarya Download PDFInfo
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- CN114258812A CN114258812A CN202111455194.0A CN202111455194A CN114258812A CN 114258812 A CN114258812 A CN 114258812A CN 202111455194 A CN202111455194 A CN 202111455194A CN 114258812 A CN114258812 A CN 114258812A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya, which comprises the following steps: the method of the invention shortens the seedling revival period of the carya illinoensis, prevents the runt seedlings and forms small and old trees, promotes the quick thickening and high growth of the carya illinoensis, realizes the standardized tree type culture of the carya illinoensis, unifies the height of fixed stems, unifies the hierarchical tree types of the culture main stems, and is beneficial to the mechanical flower management of large-scale orchards.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a stumping and rejuvenating treatment technology of apocarya, in particular to a stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya.
Background
Apocarya is also known as american hickory. The tree trunk is straight, the crown is nearly wide and oval, the root system is developed, the tree trunk is water-proof, the tree trunk can be planted in isolated plants and cluster plants in lakesides, lawns and the like, and the tree trunk is suitable for shade trees and street trees and is also suitable for greening and afforesting along rivers and plain areas.
In order to ensure the yield of the carya illinoensis, the tillering capability of the branches needs to be enhanced, so that the branches grow thick, strong and straight branches, a foundation is provided for high-yield tree type culture, and the branches are promoted to grow rapidly by adopting a stumping and rejuvenating technology. Therefore, a stumping and rejuvenating technology of the carya illinoensis is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a stumping and rejuvenating technology for apocarya, which shortens the seedling revival period of the apocarya, prevents and treats stiff seedlings, forms small and old trees, promotes the rapid thickening and high growth of the apocarya, realizes the standardized tree type culture of the apocarya, unifies the height of fixed stems, and unifies the hierarchical tree types of main stems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a stumping and rejuvenating technology for apocarya comprises the following steps: seedling planting, stumping treatment and management after stumping.
S1, planting seedlings: the method comprises the steps of land preparation, hole fixing, base fertilizer application, field planting and post-planting management;
s2, stumping treatment: cutting off the newly planted 2+1 year old grafted seedling in the orchard at 10cm position on the grafting opening in the middle and last ten days of the next 2 months, and coating wound coating agent on the cut opening;
s3, management after stumping: after stumping, fertilizing and watering in time before sprouting to ensure that the germinated sprouts have sufficient nutrients and moisture, digging two pits with the depth of 25cm at the position of each plant 30cm away from the trunk before sprouting in 4 months, and applying a compound fertilizer in each pit. Removing excessive buds in time after sprouting, reserving a strong and upright branch close to a pruning wound, binding the branch with a bamboo pole when the height of the branch reaches 60-80cm, preventing new flourishing branches from being blown off by wind, wherein the sprout can reach more than 1.8m in the year, and the branch can be fixed at 1.5m in the 3 rd year and 2 months for standard tree type culture.
2. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and in the land preparation, the land blocks with relatively heavy soil property are deeply ploughed in the whole garden by 60-80cm to destroy the plate layer of the soil. During the deep ploughing process, rice chaff, sand, perlite, organic fertilizer and the like can be ploughed into soil to improve the soil. For hilly lands with the gradient between 6 and 10 degrees, the land preparation can be carried out in a strip shape according to contour lines.
3. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the larger the size of the planting hole is, the more the environment such as water, fertilizer, gas, heat and the like in the soil around the root system can be improved, and the size of the planting hole is 80cm multiplied by 80 cm. When the planting hole is dug, the surface soil and the core soil are piled up separately as much as possible, so that the surface soil is put at the bottom of the hole when backfilling is carried out. After the planting holes are dug, 20 kg of organic fertilizer is applied to the bottom of the holes, proper amount of lime can be applied to the meta-acid soil, and the soil is backfilled to the depth required by root system planting.
4. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the planting is carried out at the end of 11-3 months of the dormancy period of the carya illinoensis. During planting, the seedlings are righted, soil is buried in root systems, then the seedlings are lifted gently to stretch the root systems, then soil is covered, the seedlings are compacted in layers, the soil covering depth is 5-6 cm deeper than the planting depth of the original seedlings, and grafting openings cannot be buried in the soil. In order to facilitate irrigation, a ridge can be formed around the nursery stock, and an irrigation pit is formed; or when planting, the soil near the rhizome part is concave.
5. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and the post-planting management is that after planting, enough root fixing water is poured, if the rain does not appear, the water needs to be poured for the second time 3 days after the first root fixing water is poured, and then a layer of soil is attached to ensure that no crack exists on the surface. From 5 to 9, the water is required to be poured through every 12-15 days if the rain is not to be drenched continuously. Preventing the seedling from false survival, resulting in bud return death. The height of the fixed trunk is determined according to the tree vigor and the root system condition, and can be between 60cm and 80 cm. To weed in time, the principle of "remove early, remove little, remove" should be grasped.
The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the management after stumping, 50g of compound fertilizer with the content of N, P, K being 15 percent is applied to each pit.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
the method has mature process, the newly planted 2+1 year old grafted seedlings in the orchard are stumped at 10cm of a grafting opening in the middle and last ten days of the next 2 months, wound coating agents are coated on the cutting opening, two pits with the depth of 25cm are dug at the position 30cm away from a trunk of each plant before sprouting in 4 months, and 50g of compound fertilizer with the content of N, P, K being 15% is applied to each pit. Removing excessive buds in time after sprouting, reserving a strong and upright branch close to a pruning wound, binding the branch with a bamboo pole when the height of the branch reaches 60-80cm, preventing new flourishing branches from being blown off by wind, wherein the sprouting can reach more than 1.8 in the same year, and the branch can be fixed at 1.5m in the 3 rd and 2 rd months for standard tree type culture. By the method, the seedling revival period of the carya illinoensis is shortened, the runt seedlings are prevented and treated, the small and old trees are formed, the rapid thickening growth of the carya illinoensis is promoted, the standardized tree type culture of the carya illinoensis is realized, the height of the fixed stems is unified, and the layered tree types of the main stems are cultured in a unified manner.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A stumping and rejuvenating technology for apocarya comprises the following steps: seedling planting, stumping treatment and management after stumping.
S1, planting seedlings: the method comprises the steps of land preparation, hole fixing, base fertilizer application, field planting and post-planting management;
s2, stumping treatment: cutting off the newly planted 2+1 year old grafted seedling in the orchard at 10cm position on the grafting opening in the middle and last ten days of the next 2 months, and coating wound coating agent on the cut opening;
s3, management after stumping: after stumping, fertilizing and watering in time before sprouting to ensure that the germinated sprouts have sufficient nutrients and moisture, digging two pits with the depth of 25cm at the position of each plant 30cm away from the trunk before sprouting in 4 months, and applying a compound fertilizer in each pit. Removing excessive buds in time after sprouting, reserving a strong and upright branch close to a pruning wound, binding the branch with a bamboo pole when the height of the branch reaches 60-80cm, preventing new flourishing branches from being blown off by wind, wherein the sprout can reach more than 1.8m in the year, and the branch can be fixed at 1.5m in the 3 rd year and 2 months for standard tree type culture.
2. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the land preparation, the land blocks with relatively heavy soil property are deeply ploughed in the whole garden by 60cm to destroy the plate layer of the soil. During the deep ploughing process, rice chaff, sand, perlite, organic fertilizer and the like can be ploughed into soil to improve the soil. For hilly lands with the gradient of 6 degrees, the land can be prepared in a band shape according to contour lines.
3. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the larger the size of the planting hole is, the more the environment such as water, fertilizer, gas, heat and the like in the soil around the root system can be improved, and the size of the planting hole is 80cm multiplied by 80 cm. When the planting hole is dug, the surface soil and the core soil are piled up separately as much as possible, so that the surface soil is put at the bottom of the hole when backfilling is carried out. After the planting holes are dug, 20 kg of organic fertilizer is applied to the bottom of the holes, proper amount of lime can be applied to the meta-acid soil, and the soil is backfilled to the depth required by root system planting.
4. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the planting is carried out at the end of 11-3 months of the dormancy period of the carya illinoensis. During planting, the seedlings are righted, soil is buried in root systems, then the seedlings are lifted gently to stretch the root systems, then soil is covered, layering and compaction are carried out, the soil covering depth is 5cm deeper than the planting depth of the original seedlings, and grafting openings cannot be buried in the soil. In order to facilitate irrigation, a ridge can be formed around the nursery stock, and an irrigation pit is formed; or when planting, the soil near the rhizome part is concave.
5. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and the post-planting management is that after planting, enough root fixing water is poured, if the rain does not appear, the water needs to be poured for the second time 3 days after the first root fixing water is poured, and then a layer of soil is attached to ensure that no crack exists on the surface. From 5 to 9, the water is required to be poured through every 12-15 days if the rain is not to be drenched continuously. Preventing the seedling from false survival, resulting in bud return death. The height of the fixed trunk is determined according to the tree vigor and the root system condition, and can be between 60 cm. To weed in time, the principle of "remove early, remove little, remove" should be grasped.
The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the management after stumping, 50g of compound fertilizer with the content of N, P, K being 15 percent is applied to each pit.
Example 2
A stumping and rejuvenating technology for apocarya comprises the following steps: seedling planting, stumping treatment and management after stumping.
S1, planting seedlings: the method comprises the steps of land preparation, hole fixing, base fertilizer application, field planting and post-planting management;
s2, stumping treatment: cutting off the newly planted 2+1 year old grafted seedling in the orchard at 10cm position on the grafting opening in the middle and last ten days of the next 2 months, and coating wound coating agent on the cut opening;
s3, management after stumping: after stumping, fertilizing and watering in time before sprouting to ensure that the germinated sprouts have sufficient nutrients and moisture, digging two pits with the depth of 25cm at the position of each plant 30cm away from the trunk before sprouting in 4 months, and applying a compound fertilizer in each pit. Removing excessive buds in time after sprouting, reserving a strong and upright branch close to a pruning wound, binding the branch with a bamboo pole when the height of the branch reaches 80cm, preventing new vigorous branches from being blown off by wind, enabling the sprout to reach more than 1.8m in the year and fixing the stem at 1.5m in 2 months in 3 years, and carrying out standardized tree type culture.
2. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and in the land preparation, the land blocks with relatively heavy soil property are deeply ploughed in the whole garden by 60-80cm to destroy the plate layer of the soil. During the deep ploughing process, rice chaff, sand, perlite, organic fertilizer and the like can be ploughed into soil to improve the soil. For hilly lands with the gradient of 10 degrees, the land can be prepared in a band shape according to contour lines.
3. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the larger the size of the planting hole is, the more the environment such as water, fertilizer, gas, heat and the like in the soil around the root system can be improved, and the size of the planting hole is 80cm multiplied by 80 cm. When the planting hole is dug, the surface soil and the core soil are piled up separately as much as possible, so that the surface soil is put at the bottom of the hole when backfilling is carried out. After the planting holes are dug, 20 kg of organic fertilizer is applied to the bottom of the holes, proper amount of lime can be applied to the meta-acid soil, and the soil is backfilled to the depth required by root system planting.
4. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the planting is carried out at the end of 11-3 months of the dormancy period of the carya illinoensis. During planting, the seedlings are righted, soil is buried in root systems, then the seedlings are lifted gently to stretch the root systems, then soil is covered, layering and compaction are carried out, the soil covering depth is 6cm deeper than the planting depth of the original seedlings, and grafting openings cannot be buried in the soil. In order to facilitate irrigation, a ridge can be formed around the nursery stock, and an irrigation pit is formed; or when planting, the soil near the rhizome part is concave.
5. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and the post-planting management is that after planting, enough root fixing water is poured, if the rain does not appear, the water needs to be poured for the second time 3 days after the first root fixing water is poured, and then a layer of soil is attached to ensure that no crack exists on the surface. From 5 to 9, the water is required to be poured through every 12-15 days if the rain is not to be drenched continuously. Preventing the seedling from false survival, resulting in bud return death. The height of the fixed trunk is determined according to the tree vigor and the root system condition, and can be between 80 cm. To weed in time, the principle of "remove early, remove little, remove" should be grasped.
The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the management after stumping, 50g of compound fertilizer with the content of N, P, K being 15 percent is applied to each pit.
Example 3
A stumping and rejuvenating technology for apocarya comprises the following steps: seedling planting, stumping treatment and management after stumping.
S1, planting seedlings: the method comprises the steps of land preparation, hole fixing, base fertilizer application, field planting and post-planting management;
s2, stumping treatment: cutting off the newly planted 2+1 year old grafted seedling in the orchard at 10cm position on the grafting opening in the middle and last ten days of the next 2 months, and coating wound coating agent on the cut opening;
s3, management after stumping: after stumping, fertilizing and watering in time before sprouting to ensure that the germinated sprouts have sufficient nutrients and moisture, digging two pits with the depth of 25cm at the position of each plant 30cm away from the trunk before sprouting in 4 months, and applying a compound fertilizer in each pit. Removing excessive buds in time after sprouting, reserving a strong and upright branch close to a pruning wound, binding the branch with a bamboo pole when the height of the branch reaches 70cm, preventing new vigorous branches from being blown off by wind, enabling the sprout to reach more than 1.8m in the year and fixing the stem at 1.5m in 2 months in 3 years, and carrying out standardized tree type culture.
2. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and in the land preparation, the land blocks with relatively heavy soil property are deeply ploughed in the whole garden by 60-80cm to destroy the plate layer of the soil. During the deep ploughing process, rice chaff, sand, perlite, organic fertilizer and the like can be ploughed into soil to improve the soil. For hilly lands with the gradient of 8 degrees, the land can be prepared in a band shape according to contour lines.
3. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the larger the size of the planting hole is, the more the environment such as water, fertilizer, gas, heat and the like in the soil around the root system can be improved, and the size of the planting hole is 80cm multiplied by 80 cm. When the planting hole is dug, the surface soil and the core soil are piled up separately as much as possible, so that the surface soil is put at the bottom of the hole when backfilling is carried out. After the planting holes are dug, 20 kg of organic fertilizer is applied to the bottom of the holes, proper amount of lime can be applied to the meta-acid soil, and the soil is backfilled to the depth required by root system planting.
4. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the planting is carried out at the end of 11-3 months of the dormancy period of the carya illinoensis. During planting, the seedlings are righted, soil is buried in root systems, then the seedlings are lifted gently to stretch the root systems, then soil is covered, the seedlings are compacted in layers, the soil covering depth is 5.5cm deeper than the planting depth of the original seedlings, and grafting openings cannot be buried in the soil. In order to facilitate irrigation, a ridge can be formed around the nursery stock, and an irrigation pit is formed; or when planting, the soil near the rhizome part is concave.
5. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and the post-planting management is that after planting, enough root fixing water is poured, if the rain does not appear, the water needs to be poured for the second time 3 days after the first root fixing water is poured, and then a layer of soil is attached to ensure that no crack exists on the surface. From 5 to 9, the water is required to be poured through every 12-15 days if the rain is not to be drenched continuously. Preventing the seedling from false survival, resulting in bud return death. The height of the fixed trunk is determined according to the tree vigor and the root system condition, and can be between 70 cm. To weed in time, the principle of "remove early, remove little, remove" should be grasped.
The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the management after stumping, 50g of compound fertilizer with the content of N, P, K being 15 percent is applied to each pit.
In summary, the following steps: the invention provides a stumping rejuvenation technology of apocarya, the technology of the invention is mature, the newly planted 2+1 year old grafted seedlings in an orchard are stumped at 10cm positions on grafting openings in the middle and last ten days of the next 2 months, wound coating agents are coated on the cutting openings, two pits with the depth of 25cm are dug at 30cm positions of each plant away from a trunk before sprouting in 4 months, and 50g of compound fertilizer with the content of N, P, K% is applied to each pit respectively, wherein the compound fertilizer is 15%. Removing excessive buds in time after sprouting, reserving a strong and upright branch close to a pruning wound, binding the branch with a bamboo pole when the height of the branch reaches 60-80cm, preventing new flourishing branches from being blown off by wind, wherein the sprouting can reach more than 1.8 in the same year, and the branch can be fixed at 1.5m in the 3 rd and 2 rd months for standard tree type culture. By the method, the seedling revival period of the carya illinoensis is shortened, the runt seedlings are prevented and treated, the small and old trees are formed, the rapid thickening growth of the carya illinoensis is promoted, the standardized tree type culture of the carya illinoensis is realized, the height of the fixed stems is unified, and the layered tree types of the main stems are cultured in a unified manner.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: seedling planting, stumping treatment and management after stumping.
S1, planting seedlings: the method comprises the steps of land preparation, hole fixing, base fertilizer application, field planting and post-planting management;
s2, stumping treatment: cutting off the newly planted 2+1 year old grafted seedling in the orchard at 10cm position on the grafting opening in the middle and last ten days of the next 2 months, and coating wound coating agent on the cut opening;
s3, management after stumping: after stumping, fertilizing and watering in time before sprouting to ensure that the germinated sprouts have sufficient nutrients and moisture, digging two pits with the depth of 25cm at the position of each plant 30cm away from the trunk before sprouting in 4 months, and applying a compound fertilizer in each pit. Removing excessive buds in time after sprouting, reserving a strong and upright branch close to a pruning wound, binding the branch with a bamboo pole when the height of the branch reaches 60-80cm, preventing new flourishing branches from being blown off by wind, wherein the sprout can reach more than 1.8m in the year, and the branch can be fixed at 1.5m in the 3 rd year and 2 months for standard tree type culture.
2. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and in the land preparation, the land blocks with relatively heavy soil property are deeply ploughed in the whole garden by 60-80cm to destroy the plate layer of the soil. During the deep ploughing process, rice chaff, organic fertilizer and the like can be ploughed into soil to improve the soil. For hilly lands with the gradient between 6 and 10 degrees, the land preparation can be carried out in a strip shape according to contour lines.
3. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the larger the size of the planting hole is, the more the environment such as water, fertilizer, gas, heat and the like in the soil around the root system can be improved, and the size of the planting hole is 80cm multiplied by 80 cm. When the planting hole is dug, the surface soil and the core soil are piled up separately as much as possible, so that the surface soil is put at the bottom of the hole when backfilling is carried out. After the planting holes are dug, 20 kg of organic fertilizer is applied to the bottom of the holes, proper amount of lime can be applied to the meta-acid soil, and the soil is backfilled to the depth required by root system planting.
4. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the planting is carried out at the end of 11-3 months of the dormancy period of the carya illinoensis. During planting, the seedlings are righted, soil is buried in root systems, then the seedlings are lifted gently to stretch the root systems, then soil is covered, the seedlings are compacted in layers, the soil covering depth is 5-6 cm deeper than the planting depth of the original seedlings, and grafting openings cannot be buried in the soil. In order to facilitate irrigation, a ridge can be formed around the nursery stock, and an irrigation pit is formed; or when planting, the soil near the rhizome part is concave.
5. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and the post-planting management is that after planting, enough root fixing water is poured, if the rain does not appear, the water needs to be poured for the second time 3 days after the first root fixing water is poured, and then a layer of soil is attached to ensure that no crack exists on the surface. From 5 to 9, the water is required to be poured through every 12-15 days if the rain is not to be drenched continuously. Preventing the seedling from false survival, resulting in bud return death. The height of the fixed trunk is determined according to the tree vigor and the root system condition, and can be between 60cm and 80 cm. To weed in time, the principle of "remove early, remove little, remove" should be grasped.
6. The stumping and rejuvenating technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the management after stumping, 50g of compound fertilizer with the content of N, P, K being 15 percent is applied to each pit.
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Application publication date: 20220401 |