CN114128663B - Thermo-optical regulation and control method for anti-season propagation of parent fish of takifugu rubripes and application of thermo-optical regulation and control method - Google Patents
Thermo-optical regulation and control method for anti-season propagation of parent fish of takifugu rubripes and application of thermo-optical regulation and control method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a temperature and light control method for anti-season breeding of parent fish of fugu rubripes and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of industrial circulating water cultivation of the parent fish of the fugu rubripes. The breeding period of parent fish of fugu rubripes is concentrated in 3-5 months, and the fry production is limited by seasons. By simulating the annual change period of the illumination period and the water temperature and accelerating the annual change rate from 1 time in 12 months to 1 time in 6 months, the gonad development of the parent fish is promoted to be advanced, and the breeding and spawning in winter are realized. The fry obtained by the out-of-season breeding is easy to be induced by low-temperature masculinization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial circulating water cultivation of parent fishes of fugu rubripes, and particularly relates to a temperature and light regulation and control method for shortening the breeding cycle of the fugu rubripes and application.
Background
The breeding time of the fish is seasonal, and under natural conditions, the breeding production of the fingerlings can only be carried out in the breeding period. Environmental factors that affect fish reproduction time include: temperature, light and nutrient conditions, etc. Seasonal variations in temperature and light cycle are closely related to parent fish reproduction time. The illumination period regulation and control is an effective means for regulating and controlling the spawning time of parent fishes.
Takifugu rubripes (Takifugu rubripes) is an important breeding variety in coastal areas in northern China, is used for breeding fishes in summer, and has a breeding period of 4-7 months. Under the condition of artificial culture, the spawning time of the overwintering parent fish can be advanced to 3 months by raising the temperature in advance and prolonging the illumination period. The prior temperature and light regulation and control technology can not realize the breeding and spawning of parent fishes in winter. Breaks through the anti-season breeding temperature and light regulation and control technology of parent fish, is beneficial to solving the problem of stable supply of high-quality fries of the fugu rubripes, and promotes the healthy, stable and continuous development of the fugu rubripes breeding industry.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problem, the invention provides a temperature and light control method for the out-of-season breeding of parent fish of takifugu rubripes by industrial circulating water culture. The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
a thermo-optical control method for the out-of-season breeding of parent fish of takifugu rubripes comprises the following steps:
(1) Constructing parent fish cultivation temperature and light regulation equipment of the takifugu rubripes: the takifugu rubripes parent fish breeding temperature and light control equipment comprises a plurality of parent fish ponds and a water storage temperature adjusting pond, wherein each parent fish pond comprises a circulating water system and an LED lamp;
(2) Parent fish breeding: selecting sexual mature parent fish of Fugu rubripes, placing into a parent fish pond for culturing, controlling the culture water temperature at 12-25 ℃, the dissolved oxygen content is greater than 5.0mg/L, the PH value is 7.0-8.8, the salinity is 25-35, the ammonia nitrogen content is less than 0.2mg/L, and the nitrite content is less than 0.01mg/L; the parent fish bait species comprise compound feed, iced fish bait, squid and clamworm; paying attention to prevention and control of cryptocaryon irritans disease when the water temperature is 18-25 ℃ in summer, and paying attention to prevention and control of scuticociliatosis when the water temperature is 12-15 ℃ in winter;
(3) Temperature and light regulation: regulating and controlling the water temperature and the light irradiation of the parent fish pond according to a set temperature and light regulation and control program by utilizing parent fish breeding temperature and light regulation and control equipment of the fugu rubripes;
the temperature and light control strategy for spawning of parent fish in winter is as follows: the water temperature is increased or decreased by 1-2 ℃ every week for 6-9 months, and is rapidly increased from 16-18 ℃ to 23-25 ℃ and then is rapidly decreased to 12-14 ℃; the illumination time is shortened by 10-30min every week from 13-15h to 9-10h; the water temperature rises by 0.3-0.5 ℃ every week for 10-12 months, and slowly rises from 12-14 ℃ to 16-18 ℃, and then is kept unchanged; the illumination time is prolonged by 10-30min every week from 10-11h to 14-15h; then, the water temperature and the illumination time are kept unchanged until the spawning is finished;
the temperature and light control strategy for spawning of parent fishes in summer is as follows: maintaining the water temperature at 17-19 deg.C for 1-2 months, and reducing the temperature to 13-14 deg.C for 3-4 months; the illumination time is shortened from 13 to 15 hours to 9 to 10 hours within 1 to 3 months; the water temperature is gradually increased from 13-14 ℃ to 17-18 ℃ in 4-6 months, and the illumination time is gradually prolonged from 9-10h to 13-15h; then the water temperature and the illumination time are kept unchanged until the spawning is finished;
(4) And (4) inducing parturition and fertilization.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, step (1) the parent fish of takifugu rubripes cultivates temperature and light regulation and control and equips in the pond and is connected with the source water, the LED lamp is connected with light environment controller, still be equipped with the camera in the parent fish pond, the camera is connected with video monitoring system, still be equipped with water quality monitoring appearance in the parent fish pond.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the number of the cameras is at least two, including an above-water camera and an underwater camera.
Further, in the above technical solution, the LED lamps include at least two, including a full spectrum lamp and a green spectrum lamp; the circulating water system is provided with an ultraviolet lamp.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the density of the parent fish of the takifugu rubripes in the parent fish pond in the step (2) is not more than 2 tails/m 2 Or not more than 5kg/m 3 The depth of the parent fish pond is more than 0.5 m; the content of crude protein in the compound feed is more than 48 percent, and the content of fat in the compound feed is more than 10 percent.
Further, in the above technical solution, the method of using the takifugu rubripes parent fish breeding temperature and light control equipment in step (3) to control the water temperature and light in the parent fish pond according to the set temperature and light control program according to the parent fish breeding spawning time includes:
in the parent fish cultivation temperature and light regulation and control equipment for the takifugu rubripes, after source water enters a water storage temperature regulation pool, pumping cold and warm water through a water pump to regulate temperature, and refluxing the temperature-regulated water into the water storage temperature regulation pool or introducing the temperature-regulated water into the parent fish pool; the cooling and heating machine has two modes of heating and refrigerating, and automatically controls the temperature, and the water temperature control range is 10-30 ℃; the parent fish pond is closed to shield light, and illumination is provided by an LED lamp; the LED lamp realizes automatic regulation and control through a light environment controller, and realizes automatic regulation and control of photoperiod, light intensity and spectrum of the parent fish; the water quality monitor measures and records water temperature, dissolved oxygen, PH and salinity in real time; the video monitoring system observes and records swimming, ingestion and reproduction of the parent fish.
Further, in the above technical solution, the induced spawning and fertilization in step (4) includes: injecting oxytocic hormone into mature parent fish to promote the spermiation and spawning of parent fish, slowly swimming back and forth on the water surface, fishing out the parent fish to check when the weight reaches the peak value and the reproductive hole turns red and protrudes outwards, slightly pressing the abdomen to see whether semen or ovum flows out; collecting semen and ovum, and performing dry insemination; and (3) debonding the fertilized eggs by using talcum powder, cleaning, putting the fertilized eggs into an incubation barrel or an incubation net cage, and incubating at the temperature of 18-19 ℃.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the oxytocin includes HCG and LHA 2 The injection amount of the HCG is 300-1500IU/kg, and the LHA is 2 The injection amount of (2) is 10-30mg/kg.
An application of the temperature and light control method in the anti-season breeding of parent fish of takifugu rubripes.
Advantageous effects of the invention
1. The breeding period of the parent fish is shortened, the parent fish can breed and lay eggs in winter, and the season limitation of fry breeding is broken through. The invention simulates the annual seasonal change of water temperature and illumination time when parent fish naturally breeds, and improves the change speed by 1 time, namely 2 change periods are completed in 12 months, thus realizing that the parent fish matures for one year and spawns twice, wherein the spawning time of winter breeding is advanced by more than 1 month compared with the prior best technology (spawning at the bottom of 2 months).
2. The growth time of the fry is prolonged, and the production of large-scale fry is facilitated.
Based on the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the fields of parent fish cultivation, gonad development regulation and control, fry breeding and the like of the takifugu rubripes.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a takifugu rubripes parent fish cultivation temperature and light regulation device.
In the figure, 1, a water storage temperature adjusting pool; 2. a parent fish pond; 3. a light environment controller; 4. cooling and warming; 5. a water pump; 6. a circulating water system; 7. a water quality monitor; 8. an LED lamp; 9. a video monitoring system; 10. a camera is provided.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and table 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a temperature and light control method for anti-season propagation of parent fish of takifugu rubripes by industrial recirculating aquaculture, which comprises the following steps:
step (1) constructing parent fish cultivation thermo-optical regulation and control equipment of takifugu rubripes, wherein the equipment comprises a water storage and temperature regulation pool, a heating and cooling machine, an LED lamp, a light environment controller, a parent fish pool and a circulating water system (shown in figure 1). The water temperature of the parent fish pond is regulated and controlled through a cooling and heating machine. After the source water enters the water storage temperature regulating pond, the source water is pumped into a cooling and heating machine through a water pump to regulate the temperature, and the temperature-regulated water flows back into the water storage temperature regulating pond or is introduced into a parent fish pond. The cooling and heating machine has two modes of heating and refrigerating, and is capable of automatically controlling the temperature, controlling the water temperature within 10-30 ℃ and automatically adjusting the temperature to +/-1 ℃. The parent fish pond circulating water system has the functions of water quality purification and temperature rise and regulation. The temperature of the parent fish pond is reduced by a cooling mode and a heating mode in summer, and is increased by a heating mode in winter, and the temperature is increased by a heating rod of a circulating water system under the condition of low temperature, and the regulation and control precision is +/-0.1 ℃. The parent fish pond is closed to shield light, and the illumination is provided by the LED lamp completely. Two LED lamps, one full spectrum lamp and one green spectrum lamp are arranged in each parent fish pond. All LED lamps can be automatically regulated and controlled through an intelligent luminous environment controller. The LED lamp controller can be provided withSwitching time and illumination intensity of the lamp. The spectrum of the full-spectrum LED lamp is close to the solar spectrum, natural light can be simulated, the wavelength peak value of the green spectrum is 520nm, and the growth of the gonad of the parent fish can be promoted. The parent fish pond light environment regulation and control system is formed by the LED lamps and the controller, and the automatic regulation and control of the parent fish light period, the light intensity and the light spectrum can be realized. The parent fish pond is a rectangular cement pond with a circular arc angle or an octagonal canvas pond with an area of 10-50m 2 The water depth is 1.0-1.2m, and the culture water body is 10-60m 3 . The parent fish pond is provided with a water quality on-line monitor, and water quality parameters such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, PH, salinity and the like can be automatically measured and recorded in real time. The video monitoring system is installed in the parent fish pond, comprises an overwater camera and an underwater camera, and can observe and record the swimming, ingestion, breeding and other behaviors of the parent fish.
And (2) parent fish breeding, which comprises health management, nutrition enhancement and environment regulation. Selecting sexual mature parent fish of Fugu rubripes, and placing into a parent fish pond for breeding. The parent fish is required to be pure in germplasm, strong and healthy without damage, the male age is 3 years old or more, the female age is 4 years old or more, and the average weight is more than 1.5 kg. Before parent fish stocking, an electronic chip is injected or body spot characteristics are recorded by shooting to carry out individual identification marking. The stocking density of parent fish is not more than 2 tails/m 2 (or 5 kg/m) 3 ) And congestion stress is avoided. The water depth of the culture pond is maintained to be more than 0.5m, so that the parent fish can have a larger moving space and can swim freely. The water temperature of the culture is controlled within the range of 12-25 ℃, and dissolved oxygen>5.0mg/L, pH 7.0-8.8, salinity 25-35, ammonia nitrogen<0.2mg/L, nitrite<0.01mg/L. The parent fish needs to be nourished before and after birth to promote gonad development and accelerate physique recovery. The bait species include compound feed, iced fish, squid, clamworm, etc. The compound feed requires that the crude protein content is up to 48 percent and the fat content is up to 10 percent. Feeding for 1-2 times every day, wherein the feeding time is 7:00-8:00 or 16:00-17:00. the bait type and the feeding amount are adjusted according to the ingestion condition of the parent fish, 1-2% of the weight of the compound feed is added, 3-5% of the weight of the iced fresh bait fish is added, the squid is fed one month before and after the propagation of the parent fish, and the clamworm is fed when the appetite of the parent fish is not strong. The iced fresh baits of fish, squid and clamworm are required to be fresh, so that the feeding of deteriorated feed is avoided. The iced fresh baits such as fish, squid and clamworm are washed by clear water before feeding, so that pathogens are prevented from being induced by feedingAnd (4) entering a parent fish pond. When the bait is thrown, the ingestion situation is observed, if the parent fish does not ingest actively and individuals lying flat or lying on the side for a long time appear, the disease of the parent fish needs to be checked, and the drug is applied according to the disease. Common diseases of parent fish of fugu rubripes include parasitic diseases such as cryptocaryon irritans, ciliates, and trichodina, and rotten skin disease caused by bacterial infection after parasitic infection or mechanical injury. When the water temperature is 18-25 deg.C in summer, the Cryptocaryon irritans disease is controlled, and when the water temperature is 12-15 deg.C in winter, the paralembus disease is controlled. The prevention and treatment method adopts an oral administration and external elimination method, namely drugs for resisting diseases or improving immunity are added into baits, and meanwhile, the aquaculture water body is disinfected. Under the condition that the parent fish ingests food normally, the immunity of the parent fish can be improved by adding allicin and Vc into the feed. When parent fish is infected with parasites, 200-600mg/L formaldehyde is used for medicated bath for 1-2 hours, and the water is replaced by fresh water. And sterilizing the aquaculture water body by using an ultraviolet lamp of the circulating water system. The parent fish pond sucks the bottom and discharges the sewage for 1-2 times every day, the pond bottom is kept clean, residual bait and excrement are not accumulated, and pathogen enrichment is avoided. And (3) regulating and controlling the water temperature and the light of the parent fish pond according to a set temperature and light regulating and controlling program by utilizing parent fish temperature and light regulating and controlling equipment according to the breeding and spawning time of the parent fish.
And (3) regulating and controlling the temperature and the light, including regulating and controlling the illumination period and the water temperature. And setting a temperature and light regulation program according to the parent fish gonad development cycle rule and the parent fish breeding plan. The temperature and light control of spawning of the fugu rubripes in winter starts from the end of the parent fish breeding period to the end of the secondary maturation and spawning of the parent fish, and comprises the processing processes of cooling, shortening the illumination time, heating and prolonging the illumination time. The temperature and light control strategy for spawning of parent fishes in winter is as follows: the annual change of temperature and light for simulating natural reproduction and spawning of parent fishes improves the change rate by 1 time, namely, the temperature and light change period is compressed from 12 months to 6 months (Table 1). And adjusting the parameters of illumination and water temperature once a week according to a temperature and light regulation program to meet the requirements of the parent fish gonad on the temperature and the illumination environment in different development stages. The water temperature rises or falls by 1-2 ℃ every week for 6-9 months, and rapidly rises from 18 ℃ to 24 ℃ and then rapidly falls to 12 ℃; the illumination time is shortened by 10-30min every week from 14h40min to 9h40min. The water temperature rises by 0.5 ℃ every week for 10-12 months,slowly raising the temperature from 13 ℃ to 18 ℃, and then keeping the temperature unchanged; the light irradiation time is prolonged by 10-30min every week, from 10h10min to 14h40min. The Body Length (BL) and the Body Weight (BW) of each parent fish are regularly tracked and measured, and the fertility (K, konditonal factor; K = BW/BL) of the parent fish is calculated 3 * 100). Meanwhile, the size of the gonad of the parent fish is measured by using a B ultrasonic instrument, and the growth condition of the gonad of the parent fish is judged by combining the change of the fullness K value. The mature spawning of the parent fish within the set reproduction time range is realized through the accurate regulation and control of temperature and light.
TABLE 1 Temp light control program for breeding Fugu rubripes in winter
And (4) inducing spawning and fertilizing, including selecting mature parent fish, injecting oxytocin and artificial insemination. When the gonads of parent fishes mature, the abdominal cavities are filled with the gonads, the abdomens expand, and the fatness index rapidly rises. And (4) selecting mature parent fish according to the abdomen outline and the fatness index change condition of the parent fish. The oxytocin is injected to promote the spermiation and oviposition of parent fish, the injection is performed for 1 time for male fish, 2-3 times for female fish, and the interval time between the two injections is 1-3 days. The oxytocin is HCG (300-1500 IU/kg) and LHA 2 (10-30 mg/kg). And judging whether the parent fish is about to lay eggs according to the weight change and the swimming behavior change. When the parent swims back and forth slowly on the water surface, the weight reaches the peak value, and the genital pore turns red and protrudes outwards, the parent fish is fished out for inspection, the abdomen is lightly pressed, and whether semen or eggs flow out is judged. Collecting semen and ovum, and performing dry insemination. And debonding fertilized eggs by using talcum powder, cleaning, putting into an incubation bucket or an incubation net cage, and incubating at 18 ℃.
In the period from 6 months to 7 months in 2021 in 2020, the temperature and light regulation and control equipment for parent fish cultivation is used to accelerate the annual change rate of temperature and light, so that the parent fish of fugu rubripes can lay eggs in maturity in winter and in summer. As can be seen from the experimental record, 12 mature male fishes of fugu rubripes are selected in 12 months, and viable sperms are obtained through induced spawning; 3 female fishes are selected for spawning induction in 16 days per 1 month, the number of the female fishes is 25 days per 1 month, 576g of spawns are generated in 1 tail, 254g of spawns are generated in the other 1 tail, and 2 more than ten thousand tails of fry are hatched in 1 day per 2 months. And 3 female fishes and 2 male fishes are selected for spawning induction in 23 days 6 months in 2021, 1 day 7, about 300g of successful spawning of 1 female fish and about 300g of sperm extrusion of 2 male fishes. The mature spawning time of parent fish can be changed through temperature and light regulation, the out-of-season breeding is realized, and the method is suitable for popularization.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A temperature and light control method for anti-season propagation of parent fish of takifugu rubripes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Constructing parent fish cultivation temperature and light regulation equipment of the takifugu rubripes: the takifugu rubripes parent fish cultivation temperature and light control equipment comprises a plurality of parent fish ponds (2) and a water storage temperature adjusting pond (1), wherein the parent fish pond (2) comprises a circulating water system (6) and LED lamps (8), a water pump (5) is arranged in the water storage temperature adjusting pond (1), the water pump (5) is connected with the water inlet end of an external cold and warm machine (4), the water outlet end of the cold and warm machine (4) is connected with the water inlet end of the circulating water system (6) in the parent fish pond (2), or the water outlet end of the cold and warm machine (4) is connected with the water storage temperature adjusting pond (1), and the water outlet end of the circulating water system (6) is connected with the water storage temperature adjusting pond (1);
(2) Parent fish breeding: selecting sexual mature parent fish of Fugu rubripes, placing into a parent fish pond for culturing, controlling the culture water temperature at 12-25 ℃, the dissolved oxygen content is greater than 5.0mg/L, the PH value is 7.0-8.8, the salinity is 25-35, the ammonia nitrogen content is less than 0.2mg/L, and the nitrite content is less than 0.01mg/L; the parent fish bait species comprise compound feed, iced fish bait, squid and clamworm; paying attention to prevention and control of cryptocaryon irritans disease when the water temperature is 18-25 ℃ in summer, and paying attention to prevention and control of scuticociliatosis when the water temperature is 12-15 ℃ in winter;
(3) Temperature and light regulation: regulating and controlling the water temperature and the light irradiation of the parent fish pond according to a set temperature and light regulation and control program by utilizing parent fish breeding temperature and light regulation and control equipment of the fugu rubripes; the temperature and light regulation program comprises a temperature and light regulation program for spawning of the parent fish in winter and a temperature and light regulation program for spawning of the parent fish in summer;
the temperature and light control program for spawning of parent fish in winter is as follows: the water temperature is increased or decreased by 1-2 ℃ every week for 6-9 months, and is rapidly increased from 16-18 ℃ to 23-25 ℃ and then is rapidly decreased to 12-14 ℃; the illumination time is shortened by 10-30min every week from 13-15h to 9-10h; the water temperature rises by 0.3-0.5 ℃ every week for 10-12 months, and slowly rises from 12-14 ℃ to 16-18 ℃; the illumination time is prolonged by 10-30min every week from 10-11h to 14-15h; then, the water temperature and the illumination time are kept unchanged until the spawning is finished;
the temperature and light regulation and control program for spawning of parent fishes in summer comprises the following steps: maintaining the water temperature at 17-19 deg.C for 1-2 months, and reducing the temperature to 13-14 deg.C for 3-4 months; the illumination time is shortened from 13-15h to 9-10h within 1-3 months; gradually increasing the water temperature from 13-14 ℃ to 17-18 ℃ in 4-6 months, and gradually prolonging the illumination time from 9-10h to 13-15h; then the water temperature and the illumination time are kept unchanged until the spawning is finished;
(4) And (4) induction of labor and fertilization.
2. The temperature and light control method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), a water storage temperature adjusting tank (1) of the parent fish cultivation temperature and light control equipment of takifugu rubripes is connected with source water, the LED lamp (8) is connected with the light environment controller (3), a camera (10) is further arranged in the parent fish tank (2), the camera (10) is connected with a video monitoring system (9), and a water quality monitor (7) is further arranged in the parent fish tank (2).
3. The temperature and light control method according to claim 2, wherein the number of the cameras (10) is at least two, including an above-water camera and an underwater camera.
4. The temperature and light control method according to claim 2, wherein the LED lamp (8) comprises at least two, including a full spectrum lamp and a green spectrum lamp; the circulating water system (6) is provided with an ultraviolet lamp.
5. The temperature-light control method according to claim 1, wherein the density of the parent fish of takifugu rubripes in the parent fish pond in the step (2) is not more than 2 tails/m 2 Or not more than 5kg/m 3 The depth of the parent fish pond is more than 0.5 m; the content of crude protein in the compound feed is more than 48 percent, and the content of fat in the compound feed is more than 10 percent.
6. The temperature-light control method according to claim 1, wherein the method for controlling the water temperature and the light irradiation in the parent fish pond according to the set temperature-light control program by using the parent fish breeding temperature-light control equipment of the takifugu rubripes in the step (3) according to the parent fish breeding spawning time comprises:
in the parent fish cultivation temperature and light regulation and control equipment for the takifugu rubripes, after source water enters a water storage temperature regulation pool, pumping cold and warm water through a water pump to regulate temperature, and refluxing the temperature-regulated water into the water storage temperature regulation pool or introducing the temperature-regulated water into the parent fish pool; the cooling and heating machine has two modes of heating and refrigerating, the temperature is automatically controlled, and the water temperature is regulated and controlled within the range of 10-30 ℃; the parent fish pond is closed to shield light, and the illumination is provided by an LED lamp; the LED lamp realizes automatic regulation and control through a light environment controller, and realizes automatic regulation and control of photoperiod, light intensity and spectrum of the parent fish; the water quality monitor measures and records water temperature, dissolved oxygen, PH and salinity in real time; the video monitoring system observes and records swimming, ingestion and reproduction of the parent fish.
7. The thermo-optic modulation method according to claim 1, wherein the induced spawning and fertilization of step (4) comprises: injecting oxytocic hormone into mature parent fish to promote the spermiation and spawning of parent fish, slowly swimming back and forth on the water surface, fishing out the parent fish to check when the weight reaches the peak value and the reproductive hole turns red and protrudes outwards, slightly pressing the abdomen to see whether semen or ovum flows out; collecting semen and ovum, and performing dry insemination; and (3) debonding the fertilized eggs by using talcum powder, cleaning, putting the fertilized eggs into an incubation barrel or an incubation net cage, and incubating at the temperature of 18-19 ℃.
8. The temperature-light control method according to claim 7, wherein the oxytocin includes HCG and LH A 2 The injection amount of HCG is 300-1500IU/kg, and the injection amount of LH A is 2 The injection amount of (A) is 10-30mg/kg.
9. Use of the method of claim 1-8 for the out-of-season propagation of parent fish of takifugu rubripes.
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