CN112931310B - Temperature and light regulation and control method for promoting maturity of parent fish of takifugu rubripes - Google Patents

Temperature and light regulation and control method for promoting maturity of parent fish of takifugu rubripes Download PDF

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CN112931310B
CN112931310B CN202110163976.0A CN202110163976A CN112931310B CN 112931310 B CN112931310 B CN 112931310B CN 202110163976 A CN202110163976 A CN 202110163976A CN 112931310 B CN112931310 B CN 112931310B
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temperature
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rubripes
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CN112931310A (en
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熊玉宇
刘鹰
王秀利
庞洪帅
田野
刘奇
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Dalian Ocean University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermo-optical regulation and control method for promoting maturity of parent fish of takifugu rubripes, and belongs to the technical field of fish fry breeding. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a parent fish breeding system of the takifugu rubripes, which is free of natural light irradiation and is provided with a green spectrum irradiation lamp, a full spectrum irradiation lamp, a water temperature control system and a circulating water treatment system; selecting sexual mature parent fish of Fugu rubripes; simulating the natural propagation environment condition of the takifugu rubripes in a parent fish breeding system without natural light irradiation, and setting the water temperature and the irradiation period of an irradiation lamp; selecting mature parent fish individuals according to the behavior characteristics and the morphological characteristics; artificial induced spawning and insemination. The method adopts a circulating water culture system to feed parent fishes of the takifugu rubripes, and the matched automatic temperature control equipment and intelligent light environment regulation and control equipment are used for regulating and controlling the temperature and the illumination, so that the gonad development of the parent fishes can be effectively promoted, the spawning time of the parent fishes can be accurately regulated and controlled, and the technical support is provided for the stable production of the fries of the takifugu rubripes.

Description

Temperature and light regulation and control method for promoting maturity of parent fish of takifugu rubripes
Technical Field
The invention relates to a temperature and light control method for promoting maturity of parent fish of takifugu rubripes, in particular to a method for promoting gonad development of parent fish by using green spectrum LED lamps under the condition of industrial circulating water culture, and belongs to the technical field of fish fry breeding.
Background
The fry is the material basis of sustainable development of aquaculture industry, and the parent fish culture is the key link for improving the quality of the fry. The parent fish culture and ripening technology has important significance for guaranteeing the stable supply of the offspring seeds. The fish has an internal reproduction rhythm, and the spawning time is influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, illumination and the like. The initiation of the parent fish gonad maturation period is related to seasonal changes in temperature and light, and different spectra also have an effect on the fish gonad development rate.
Takifugu rubripes (Takifugu rubripes) is an important breeding variety in coastal areas in northern China. The wild Takifugu rubripes inhabits in sea area with water depth of 5-100m, breeding period of 4-7 months, migration from deep sea to offshore in spawning period, spawning site water depth of 20-50m, and water temperature of 14-16 deg.C. The fugu rubripes belongs to one-time spawning fishes, and can not normally mature and spawn under artificial culture conditions, especially indoor culture conditions due to lack of environmental conditions such as temperature, light and the like required by natural propagation. The problem of stable supply of high-quality fries of the fugu rubripes is solved, and an effective method is needed to be adopted to carry out parent fish cultivation and ripening on the fugu rubripes, so that the healthy, stable and continuous development of the fugu rubripes cultivation industry is promoted. At present, the artificial propagation of the takifugu rubripes mainly realizes the mature spawning of parent fishes by injecting hormones. The existing parent fish maturing technology does not relate to the influence of spectrum on the gonad development speed, and a parent fish culture system is lack of automatic control equipment for temperature and illumination period.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for regulating and controlling the ripening promoting temperature and light of parent fishes of fugu rubripes so as to solve the problem of accurately regulating and controlling the spawning time of the fugu rubripes. The method adopts a circulating water culture system to feed parent fishes of the takifugu rubripes, and the matched automatic temperature control equipment and intelligent light environment regulation and control equipment are used for regulating and controlling the temperature and the illumination, so that the gonad development of the parent fishes can be effectively promoted, the spawning time of the parent fishes can be accurately regulated and controlled, and the technical support is provided for the stable production of the fries of the takifugu rubripes. In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
a temperature and light regulation method for promoting the maturation of parent fishes of fugu rubripes comprises the following steps:
(1) Constructing a parent fish breeding system: constructing a parent fish breeding system of the takifugu rubripes, which is free of natural light irradiation and is provided with a green spectrum irradiation lamp, a full spectrum irradiation lamp, a water temperature control system and a circulating water treatment system;
(2) Selecting parent fish for breeding: selecting sexual mature parent fish of takifugu rubripes 3-4 months before spawning, individually marking by using an RFID chip, measuring body length and body mass, and feeding in a parent fish breeding system;
(3) Temperature and light regulation ripening promotion: in a parent fish breeding system without natural light irradiation, the environment condition of natural propagation of the takifugu rubripes is simulated, and the water temperature and the irradiation period of an irradiation lamp are set as follows: setting the initial water temperature and the illumination time to be 13-14 ℃ and 9-10h respectively; then, adjusting the water temperature and the illumination period once a week, increasing the water temperature by 0.1-0.3 ℃ each time, prolonging the illumination time by 15-20min, increasing the water temperature from 13-14 ℃ to 16-18 ℃, prolonging the illumination time from 9-10h to 13-14h, and then maintaining the temperature and the illumination time of an illumination lamp unchanged until the oviposition is finished; wherein, the green spectrum irradiation lamp and the full spectrum irradiation lamp are simultaneously turned on or off;
(4) Screening mature parent fish: selecting mature parent fish individuals according to the behavior characteristics and the morphological characteristics;
(5) Artificial induced spawning insemination: and (4) carrying out artificial spawning induction and fertilization on the mature parent fish, and cultivating fish fries.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the parent fish breeding system in step (1) comprises a breeding pond without natural light irradiation, a circulating water treatment system is arranged above the water surface of the breeding pond, a water temperature control device is arranged inside the breeding pond, and the water temperature control device is electrically connected with an intelligent water temperature controller outside the breeding pond; an LED full-spectrum lamp and an LED green-spectrum lamp are arranged above the culture pond, the distance between the LED full-spectrum lamp and the LED green-spectrum lamp and the water surface of the culture pond is 1-1.5m, and the LED full-spectrum lamp and the LED green-spectrum lamp are electrically connected with the light environment intelligent controller; when the LED full-spectrum lamp and the LED green-spectrum lamp (5) are turned on, the water body below the circulating water treatment system is free of illumination.
Further, in the above technical solution, the water temperature control system includes a cooling and heating machine, a heating rod or an automatic temperature controller.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the circulating water treatment system comprises a water inlet and drainage system, a water treatment system, an oxygenation system and a water quality on-line monitoring system.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, all install video monitor system in the pond water body, on the surface of water, video monitor system electricity connects outside display screen.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the sexually mature parent fish of takifugu rubripes selected in step (2) has normal body shape (conforming to SC 2018-2010), no malformation, health and no injury, the age of female parent fish is 3 years or more, the body mass is 1.2kg or more, the age of male parent fish is 2 years or more, and the body mass is 1.0kg or more.
Further, in the technical scheme, when the parent fish is placed into the parent fish breeding system in the step (2) for breeding, the parent fish is fed with baits for 1-2 times every day, the baits comprise seawater fish compound feed (comprising fish meal, shrimp meal, fish oil, vitamins and mineral substances) with the crude protein content of 45% -50%, the nutrition enhancement is carried out 3-3.5 months before spawning, 0.5-1g of VE and VC are added into each 1kg of compound feed, and clamworms are fed 7-14 days before spawning.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the mature parent fish in the step (4) is that the parent fish swims slowly, the abdomen is enlarged, the fullness is 4 or more (the ratio of the mass of the fish body to the length of the fish body), and the color of the genital pore is red.
The formula of the fullness is K = (W/L) 3 ) X 100. Wherein W is body mass (g) and L is body length (cm).
Furthermore, in the technical scheme, when the mature parent fish is artificially induced to spawn and fertilize, the used sperm and egg collecting device comprises a bracket (8) and a foam box (9) positioned at the top of the bracket, wherein a small hole (10) is formed in the bottom of the foam box (9), and a sperm collecting basin (12) or a sperm collecting bottle (13) is arranged below the small hole (10); the sperm is preserved in the sperm preserving liquid at 4-6 deg.c in dark place.
The sperm preservation solution comprises 0.7-0.8g NaCl,0.02-0.05g KCl,0.01-0.02g CaCl 2 ，0.002-0.004g NaHCO 3 ，1-3g C 6 H 12 O 6 ，100g dd H 2 O。
The green spectrum LED lamp provides a light source for the parent fish gonad maturation promotion, so that the illumination time is prolonged, and the parent fish gonad development is promoted.
And the mature parent fish is screened, behavior change is recorded by adopting a video, and the gonad maturation condition and the artificial spawning promotion time of the parent fish are judged by analyzing the propagation behavior characteristics through the video.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. because of adopting the factory circulating water culture system, the parent fish culture environment is controllable compared with an outdoor culture pond.
2. Due to the adoption of the LED lamp, the light environment for natural propagation of parent fish can be simulated, and the gonad development is promoted by utilizing the irradiation of the LED lamp with green spectrum.
3. Due to the adoption of the intelligent LED lamp controller, the automatic temperature controller and the video monitoring system, the interference of the breeding environment and artificial activities on the parent fish is reduced, and the stress response of the parent fish is reduced.
Therefore, the invention has obvious application value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a parent fish thermo-optic ripening system of takifugu rubripes.
In the figure, 1, a circulating water treatment system; 2. a water temperature control system; 3. a light environment intelligent controller; 4. a culture pond; 5. an LED green spectrum lamp; 6. LED full spectrum lamp, 7, temperature intelligent control ware.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the takifugu rubripes sperm and egg collection device.
In the figure, 8, the bracket; 9. a foam box; 10. a small hole; 11. a water-absorbent towel; 12. an egg collecting basin; 13. and (6) collecting sperm.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples will allow one of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows the structural composition of a parent fish thermo-photo ripening culture system of fugu rubripes, and attached table 1 shows a thermo-photo ripening control method of parent fish of fugu rubripes. The process flow of the present invention is specifically discussed with reference to the following examples:
(1) Constructing a parent fish thermo-optical ripening cultivation system of the takifugu rubripes:
as shown in fig. 1, a takifugu rubripes parent fish temperature and light ripening cultivation system comprises a cultivation pond 4 without natural light irradiation, wherein a circulating water treatment system 1 is arranged above the water surface of the cultivation pond 4, a water temperature control device 2 is arranged inside the cultivation pond 4, and the water temperature control device 2 is electrically connected with a water temperature intelligent controller 7 outside the cultivation pond; an LED full-spectrum lamp 6 and an LED green-spectrum lamp 5 are arranged above the culture pond 4, the LED full-spectrum lamp 6 and the LED green-spectrum lamp 5 are 1m away from the water surface of the culture pond, and the LED full-spectrum lamp 6 and the LED green-spectrum lamp 5 are electrically connected with the light environment intelligent controller 3; when the LED full-spectrum lamp 6 and the LED green-spectrum lamp 5 are turned on, the water body below the circulating water treatment system 1 is free of illumination. The water temperature control system 2 comprises a cooling machine, a heating rod or an automatic temperature controller. The circulating water treatment system 1 comprises a water inlet and drainage system, a water treatment system, an oxygenation system and a water quality online monitoring system. Video monitoring systems are installed in the water body and on the water surface in the culture pond 4, and the video monitoring systems are electrically connected with an external display screen.
The area of the culture pond 4 is 40m 2 The depth of the pond is 1m, and the depth of the water level is 0.8m; salinity of 26-31, pH7.9-8.2, and dissolved oxygen of 6mgL -1 The above.
(2) Selecting parent fish of the takifugu rubripes for cultivation:
and selecting sexually mature 250-tailed parent fish of the fugu rubripes at 18 months (4 months before spawning) in 2020, carrying out individual marking measurement, and then putting the parent fish into 3 culture ponds for breeding the parent fish of the fugu rubripes. The parent fish of Fugu rubripes has normal shape, health condition, female age of 3 years or more and body mass of 1.2kg or more, and male fish of 2 years or more and body mass of 1.0kg or more. The marking method comprises the steps of injecting an electronic chip into the back muscle of the parent fish of the takifugu rubripes to mark individuals, reading the serial number of the chip by using a code scanner, and measuring and recording the length and the quality of each individual. The parent fish breeding density is 2-6kg per square meter. Feeding parent fish for 1-2 times every day, wherein the bait comprises a compound feed of the marine fish with crude protein content of 45% -50%; before spawning, nutrition is strengthened, VE and VC are added into the compound feed, each 1kg of the compound feed is added with 0.5-1.0g of VE and VC, and living clamworms are fed 7 days before spawning.
(3) Temperature and light regulation ripening promotion:
simulating the natural propagation environment conditions of the takifugu rubripes, and setting a water temperature and illumination period regulation program to promote the gonad maturation of the parent fishes. The water temperature is heated or cooled by a cooling machine to reach a set regulation temperature, and is regulated by an automatic temperature controller to keep the water temperature constant. Or the temperature is reduced by well water and increased by a heating rod.
And (3) completely enabling the No. 1 pool and the No. 2 pool of the parent fish of the fugu rubripes to be the same, and constructing the system for the temperature light ripening cultivation of the parent fish of the fugu rubripes in the step (1). A No. 3 pond for culturing parent fish of takifugu rubripes is an adult fish culture pond in a circulating water culture workshop, the illumination period is a natural illumination period, and the water temperature is naturally constant. No. 1 pool and No. 2 pool for parent fish cultivation of Fugu rubripes simulate natural propagation environment conditions of the Fugu rubripes, and a water temperature and illumination period regulation program (Table 1) is set. In the temperature environment, constant-temperature well water of 14 ℃ is used as a water source, a heating rod is used for heating and raising the temperature, a temperature automatic controller is used for setting and maintaining a specific water temperature, and the control precision is 0.1 ℃. The illumination environment of the culture pond is provided with an illumination area and a dark area. The illumination area is provided with a light source by an LED full-spectrum lamp and an LED green-spectrum lamp, and the LED full-spectrum lamp and the LED green-spectrum lamp are turned on or off simultaneously. The distance between the LED full-spectrum lamp and the LED green-spectrum lamp is 1m from the water surface, and the maximum illumination intensity of the water surface is 926lx (3452 mW/m) 2 ). The LED full-spectrum lamp and the LED green-spectrum lamp are both connected with an intelligent light environment controller to automatically control the switching time and the illumination intensity. When the light is turned on and turned off, the illumination intensity changes slowly, and the stress response of the parent fish is reduced. The dark area is positioned below the circulating water treatment system, and is partially shaded, so that a hidden place can be provided for parent fishes of the takifugu rubripes. The method for regulating and controlling the ripening promoting temperature and light of parent fish of fugu rubripes comprises the following steps: the initial water temperature was 14 ℃ and the light exposure time was 10h (Table 1 time 1 month as an example). And (5) adjusting the water temperature and the illumination time once a week for 1-5 months to gradually increase the water temperature to 16 ℃ and prolong the illumination time to 14h. After 5 months and 1 day, the illumination time is kept unchanged, and the water temperature is kept unchanged after being increased to 18 ℃.
TABLE 1 Fugu rubripes parent fish temperature light ripening regulation program
Figure BDA0002936798010000041
(4) Screening mature parent fish:
and judging the maturity according to the behavior characteristics and the morphological characteristics of the parent fish of the takifugu rubripes. 5, 1 month and 1 day, selecting the parent fish from the No. 1 pool, placing the individual with slow swimming and enlarged abdomen into a net cage, and measuring body length and weight. And (3) further screening 7 fish of female fish and male fish of the parent fish to be born by referring to the fat fullness index (the ratio of the weight to the body length of 3 times) and the color of a genital pore, temporarily culturing different cages separately, and putting the cages into a No. 1 pool. 5 months and 15 days, selecting 7 fish of female fish and male fish from No. 2 Chi Zhongshai according to the same parent fish selection method, placing in a net cage for separate temporary rearing, and placing the net cage in No. 2 pool. 6 months and 6 days, according to the same parent fish selection method, 7 tails of each of female fish and male fish are screened from a contrast parent fish culture pond (No. 3 pond, natural illumination period and constant culture water temperature), the female fish and the male fish are placed into a net cage for separate temporary culture, and the net cage is placed into the No. 3 pond.
The formula of the fullness is K = (W/L) 3 ) X 100. Wherein W is body mass (g) and L is body length (cm).
(5) Artificial induced spawning insemination:
artificial spawning induction and insemination are carried out by referring to the technical specification of artificial propagation of the takifugu rubripes GB/T27625-2011. The two-needle method is adopted to induce the spawning, the variety and the dosage of the oxytocic are shown in the table 2, and the interval time between the two needles is 1d. After the second needle injection for 2d, the parent fish is examined every 4-6 h. When the parent fish is in reproduction Kong Gongzhong and semen or eggs flow out from the abdomen under light pressure, semen collection and egg squeezing are started. And collecting semen and roe by using a parent fish sperm and roe collecting device. The sperm and egg collecting device comprises a foam box, a water absorption towel, an egg collecting basin and a sperm collecting bottle (figure 2). The sperm and egg collection method comprises the following steps: firstly, putting parent fish into a foam box, and sucking water on the surface of the parent fish, particularly near a reproduction hole, by using a dry towel to cover the head of the parent fish; then, the parent fish is transferred to a foam box in the sperm-egg collecting device, the parent fish is enabled to face the operator back, the head of the parent fish lies to the right hand side, the genital pore is aligned to the small hole in the foam box, the abdomen of the parent fish is lightly pressed from the right to the left by using the left-hand thumb, the ovum or the sperm slowly flow into an ovum collecting basin or a sperm collecting bottle below the foam box from the small hole in batches, and if urine is extruded in the operation process, the parent fish is immediately moved, and the urine is prevented from flowing into the ovum collecting basin or the sperm collecting bottle from the small hole.
The sperm can be used directly or stored for short term (3-7 d). The sperm preservation adopts the method of preserving fugu rubripes sperm preservation solution (Ringer's sperm preservation solution, table 4) in low temperature (4-6 ℃) in the dark after dilution (2-4 times of the volume). And (4) immediately performing dry insemination after the roe is extruded. Cleaning fertilized eggs (cleaning with seawater for hatching) to remove adhesive, and placing the fertilized eggs into a hatching net cage for hatching. The bottom of the hatching net cage is conical and continuously inflated, and the hatching net cage is placed in a glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel or a cement pond, the water temperature is maintained at 18 ℃, and an energy-saving lamp is adopted to illuminate the hatching net cage continuously.
Parent fish culture No. 1 pond and No. 2 pond respectively have 3 female fishes to succeed in laying eggs, and the egg laying amount of No. 1 Chi Qinyu is higher than that of No. 2 pond (table 3), and No. 2 Chi Qinyu temperature and light control treatment time is longer, and later stage water temperature is higher, and parent fish maturity condition is better. No. 3 parent fish pond has no parent fish to lay eggs.
Compared with the conventional parent fish breeding method, the method can control the spawning time of the parent fish, improve the spawning amount of the parent fish and has obvious application value.
TABLE 2 oxytocic injection method for parent fish of Fugu rubripes
Figure BDA0002936798010000051
TABLE 3 spawning amount of female Fugu rubripes
Figure BDA0002936798010000052
TABLE 4 Fugu rubripes sperm preserving fluid formula
Figure BDA0002936798010000053

Claims (10)

1. A temperature and light regulation and control method for promoting the maturation of parent fishes of fugu rubripes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Constructing a parent fish breeding system: constructing a parent fish breeding and cultivating system of the takifugu rubripes, which is free of natural light irradiation and provided with a green spectrum irradiation lamp, a full spectrum irradiation lamp, a water temperature control system and a circulating water treatment system;
(2) Selecting parent fish for breeding: selecting sexual mature parent fish of takifugu rubripes 3-4 months before spawning, individually marking by using an RFID chip, measuring body length and body mass, and feeding in a parent fish breeding system; the female parent fish is 3 years old or more and the body weight is 1.2kg or more, and the male parent fish is 2 years old or more and the body weight is 1.0kg or more;
(3) Temperature and light regulation ripening promotion: in a parent fish breeding system without natural light irradiation, the environment condition of natural propagation of the takifugu rubripes is simulated, and the water temperature and the irradiation period of an irradiation lamp are set as follows: setting the initial water temperature and the illumination time to be 13-14 ℃ and 9-10h respectively, then adjusting the water temperature and the illumination period once per week, increasing the water temperature by 0.1-0.3 ℃ each time, prolonging the illumination time by 15-20min, increasing the water temperature from 13-14 ℃ to 16-18 ℃, prolonging the illumination time from 9-10h to 13-14h, and then keeping the temperature and the illumination time of an illumination lamp unchanged until the spawning is finished; wherein, the green spectrum irradiation lamp and the full spectrum irradiation lamp are simultaneously turned on or off;
(4) Screening mature parent fish: selecting mature parent fish individuals according to the behavior characteristics and the morphological characteristics;
(5) Artificial induced spawning insemination: and (4) carrying out artificial induced spawning fertilization on the mature parent fish, and cultivating fish fries.
2. The method for regulating and controlling the temperature and the light of the parent fish of the takifugu rubripes to promote the maturity according to the claim 1, wherein the parent fish breeding system in the step (1) comprises a breeding pond (4) without natural light irradiation, a circulating water treatment system (1) is arranged above the water surface of the breeding pond (4), a water temperature control system (2) is arranged inside the breeding pond (4), and the water temperature control system (2) is electrically connected with an intelligent water temperature controller (7) outside the breeding pond; an LED full-spectrum lamp (6) and an LED green-spectrum lamp (5) are arranged above the culture pond (4), the LED full-spectrum lamp (6) and the LED green-spectrum lamp (5) are 1-1.5m away from the water surface of the culture pond, and the LED full-spectrum lamp (6) and the LED green-spectrum lamp (5) are electrically connected with the light environment intelligent controller (3); when the LED full-spectrum lamp (6) and the LED green-spectrum lamp (5) are turned on, the water body below the circulating water treatment system (1) is free of illumination.
3. The method for regulating and controlling the temperature and the light of the parent fish ripening of fugu rubripes according to claim 2, wherein the water temperature control system (2) comprises a cooling and heating machine, a heating rod or an automatic temperature controller.
4. The method for regulating and controlling the temperature and the light of the parent fish of takifugu rubripes for promoting maturity according to claim 2, wherein the circulating water treatment system (1) comprises a water inlet and drainage system, a water treatment system, an oxygenation system and an online water quality monitoring system.
5. The method for regulating and controlling the temperature and the light of the parent fish of the takifugu rubripes to promote the maturity according to the claim 2, wherein the video monitoring systems are installed in the water body and on the water surface in the culture pond (4) and are electrically connected with an external display screen.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sexually mature parent fish of Fugu rubripes selected in step (2) has normal body shape, no malformation, and no injury to health.
7. The method for controlling the temperature and the light of the parent fish of the fugu rubripes to promote maturity according to the claim 1, wherein when the parent fish is placed into a parent fish breeding system to be bred in the step (2), the parent fish is fed with bait for 1-2 times a day, the nutrition enhancement is performed 3-3.5 months before spawning, 0.5-1g of VE and VC are added into 1kg of compound feed respectively, and living clamworms are fed 7-14 days before spawning.
8. The method for regulating and controlling the temperature and the light of the parent fish ripening of takifugu rubripes according to claim 7, wherein the bait comprises a compound feed for the marine fish with a crude protein content of 45% -50%.
9. The method for regulating and controlling the temperature and light for ripening of parent fish of takifugu rubripes according to claim 1, wherein the mature parent fish in step (4) is slow in swimming, has an enlarged abdomen and a fullness of 4 or more, and has a red genital pore color.
10. The thermo-optical regulation and control method for promoting maturity of parent fish of takifugu rubripes according to claim 1, wherein when artificial spawning and fertilization are performed on mature parent fish, the sperm and egg collection device comprises a support (8) and a foam box (9) positioned at the top of the support, small holes (10) are formed in the bottom of the foam box (9), and a spawn collecting basin (12) or a sperm collecting bottle (13) is placed below the small holes (10); the sperm is preserved in the sperm preserving liquid at 4-6 deg.c in dark place.
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