CN1138363A - 多气缸内燃机的吸气管装置 - Google Patents

多气缸内燃机的吸气管装置 Download PDF

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CN1138363A
CN1138363A CN94194560A CN94194560A CN1138363A CN 1138363 A CN1138363 A CN 1138363A CN 94194560 A CN94194560 A CN 94194560A CN 94194560 A CN94194560 A CN 94194560A CN 1138363 A CN1138363 A CN 1138363A
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格德·奥雷伯格
赫尔曼特·狄里格
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B27/00—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues
    • F02B27/02—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues the systems having variable, i.e. adjustable, cross-sectional areas, chambers of variable volume, or like variable means
    • F02B27/0226—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues the systems having variable, i.e. adjustable, cross-sectional areas, chambers of variable volume, or like variable means characterised by the means generating the charging effect
    • F02B27/0268—Valves
    • F02B27/0284—Rotary slide valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B27/00—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues
    • F02B27/02—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues the systems having variable, i.e. adjustable, cross-sectional areas, chambers of variable volume, or like variable means
    • F02B27/0205—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues the systems having variable, i.e. adjustable, cross-sectional areas, chambers of variable volume, or like variable means characterised by the charging effect
    • F02B27/0215—Oscillating pipe charging, i.e. variable intake pipe length charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B27/00—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues
    • F02B27/02—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues the systems having variable, i.e. adjustable, cross-sectional areas, chambers of variable volume, or like variable means
    • F02B27/0226—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues the systems having variable, i.e. adjustable, cross-sectional areas, chambers of variable volume, or like variable means characterised by the means generating the charging effect
    • F02B27/0247—Plenum chambers; Resonance chambers or resonance pipes
    • F02B27/0263—Plenum chambers; Resonance chambers or resonance pipes the plenum chamber and at least one of the intake ducts having a common wall, and the intake ducts wrap partially around the plenum chamber, i.e. snail-type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
    • F02B2075/1824—Number of cylinders six
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F05C2225/08—Thermoplastics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Characterised By The Charging Evacuation (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于多缸特别是双排V置发动机的吸气管装置，它具有一管状吸气分配器(2)，主吸气管(4到9)即从中引出，绕吸气分配器延伸并进入相应气缸，较短的副吸气管(12)亦从吸气分配器引出进入相应吸气管。吸气分配器和主、副吸气管为一体的构件(1)，其中开有与副吸气管(12)都交切的纵向孔(14)。该孔(14)中插入开关辊，辊身上开有通孔(16)，通过开关辊(15)的转动可实现该通孔与相应副吸气管的对齐。

Description

多气缸内燃机的吸气管装置
本发明涉及一种按权利要求1前序部分所述的多气缸内燃机的吸气管装置。
美国专利US 4 932 369公开了一种上述典型的吸气管装置。该装置基本上由两个相互固接的半壳体组成，并通过转动辊控制副吸气管的关闭或开启。这种现有的吸气管装置的加工成本比较高。
在本发明的目的是提供一种结构比较简单的同类型吸气管装置，并且明显降低制造加工成本。
按本发明通过采用权利要求1中的特征可实现该目的。
通过将进气分配器与吸气管制成一个整体构件，可简化装配工序，并且避免了在两块铸件之间填加垫片，而在现有的吸气管装置中，由于铸件存在制造公差，实际上在对接两个铸件时必须使用垫片。利用一个单独的开关辊代替原来所有的变向阀，明显降低了加工费用。由于该开关辊只需插入整体构件上与副吸气管相切的纵向通孔即可，所以免掉了在使用已知的变向阀时花费大的校准工作。
包含进气分配器，主吸气管及副吸气管的构件最好是由塑料制成，考虑到降低成本的因素，该构件特别采用压铸件。由于该构件的加工需要多开铸型，并用其分型缝垂直于纵向孔的纵向延伸，所以纵向孔中个别部位的填充物不可以完全被消除。插入开关辊之后，会在开关辊的外表面与纵向孔表面之间产生缝隙，该缝隙会导致相邻的吸气管之间的进气过程产生不希望存在的相互干扰。为了避免这种干扰，可以在纵向孔中配上金属衬套，而且该金属衬套上设有与副吸气管壁相平的通孔。这样，开关辊的径向间隙就很小了，从而较大程度地避免了相邻副吸气管之间的进气过程产生相互干扰。作为金属衬套的辅助(或替代)措施，在开关辊的两个相邻通孔之间设有环形槽，在槽内安装向外张紧的活塞环，该活塞环与纵向孔壁或金属衬套壁紧密接触，并有效地密封相邻的通孔。
为了减小整个装置的外形体积，采用以下措施是适宜的：将进气分配器制成管状；主吸气管沿弧线绕进气分配器转270°以上；每个副吸气管平行于相应的主吸气管并在其径向内壁布置，且与其共用一段孔壁，并在气缸入口端附近与主吸气孔汇合。同时，纵向孔布置在与副吸气管中间部位相切的位置。
该结构形式特别适合于具有双排V置气缸结构的内燃机，其中与第一排气缸相对应的吸气管绕进气分配器顺时针布置，与第二排气缸相对应的吸气管逆时针布置。沿进气分配器纵轴方向上，每一个对应第一排气缸中某一气缸的主、副进气管之后，是对应第二排气缸中某一气缸的主、副进气管，如此交差排列。这样，利用单个开关辊就可以控制两排气缸的副吸气管。
以下借助附图对本发明一个双排V置6缸发动机的吸气管装置的实施例进行描述。附图中：
图1为沿图2中1-1剖切线的吸气管装置纵向剖视图，
图2为沿图中2-2线的横向剖视图，
图3为装有活塞环的开关辊局部视图。
图中所示的V6发动机的吸气管装置固定在两排气缸之间，每排有3个气缸。它具有一整体塑料构件1，该构件包括一个中心管状进气分配器2，进气分配器2穿过在图1中构件1的右壁上的开孔3与一个未画出的节气门部件相连。对应第一排气缸的主吸气管4、5、6与对应第二排气缸的主吸气管7、8、9交替从进气分配器2导出。主吸气管4-9并排排列并如图2所示，围绕进气分配器2布置，其中主吸气管4、5和6在图2中沿顺时针布置，主吸气管7、8和9沿逆时针布置。主吸气管4-6入口以4a-6a表示，而主吸气管7、8、9的入口在图2中是不可见的。主吸气管4至6终止于固定在第一排气缸盖上的法兰盘10。主吸气管7、8、9终止于固定在另一排气缸盖的法兰盘11。
较短的副吸气管12布置于每个主吸气管4-9的径向以内，同样，副吸气管12也从进气分配器2导出，其入口用12a表示，在12b处与相应的主吸气管相汇合，如图2所示。副吸气管12与相应的主吸气管平行、同向布置，并且主、副吸气管共用内壁13。
在构件1中设有一纵向孔14与每一个副吸气管12相交切，纵向孔14中安装开关辊15，其上具有用于每个副吸气管的均有一个通孔16。开关辊的两端是轴颈端17和18。在图1中，右侧轴颈端1 7通过滚针轴承20支承在构件1右侧隔板19上，左轴颈端18支承于法兰盘21上，法兰盘21与构件1的左侧隔板22螺纹相联。在左侧轴颈端18上安装一个杠杆23，杠杆23与一个未画出的调节装置，例如一个负压盒相连，这样就可以在图2所示开启副吸气管12的第一位置与关闭副吸气管12的第二位置之间进行90°的转动来开关辊15。
为了补偿在多开铸型中生产塑料构件1时在纵向孔14壁上可能残余的塑料，可在纵向孔14中压入一个金属衬套24，在与副吸气管12相交的部位，金属衬套上都设有通孔25。如果开关辊15是由塑料制成时，该衬套24同时也可以用于减少开关辊15的摩擦。
如上所述，利用金属衬套24可以补偿纵向孔14内壁上残余填充的塑料，并从而可减小开关辊15的运转间隙，从而消除相邻副吸气管之间的进气过程的相互干扰。
如图3所示，作为金属衬套24的辅助(或替代)措施，可在开关辊15的两个相邻通孔16之间设有环形槽26，并在其中安装向外张开的活塞环27，活塞环与纵向孔14壁或金属衬套24内壁紧密接触。在装配带有活塞环的开关辊时，可借助于一个装配套筒，其方法与通常装置有活塞环的活塞类似。首先，将该装置套筒与带活塞环27的开关辊15一同装入纵向孔14，然后再拔出装配套筒。装配套筒也可留在纵向孔中，替代金属衬套24的作用。
在发明不仅适用于具有两排V置气缸的内燃机，也同样适用于只有单排气缸的内燃机。在这种情况下，自然要去掉一组主吸气管4、5、6(或7、8、9)及相应的副吸气管。

Claims (6)

1.一种多气缸内燃机吸气管装置包括：
-一进气分配器(2)
-并排排列的主吸气管(4-6或7-9)，其一端与进气分配器相通，另一端终止于法兰盘(10)，每个主吸气管分别延伸至相应的气缸
-较短的副吸气管(12)，其一端也从进气分配器引出，和
-与所有的副吸管都交割的一个纵向孔(14)，在此纵向孔14中安装有开关辊(15)，开关辊15上与副吸气管相交的部位都有一个通孔(16)，随着开关辊的转动，这些通孔的边缘会与副吸气管相对齐或不相对齐
其特征在于，
-每个副吸气管(12)都平行于相应的主吸气管(5)，并且与主吸气管相汇合，或者说终止于法兰盘(10)
-进气分配器，它与主吸气管(4-6或7-9)及副吸气管(12)由一个整体构件(1)构成。
2.按权利要求1所述的吸气管装置，其特征在于：构件(1)用塑料制成，纵向孔(14)中有一个压入的金属衬套(24)，衬套上设有多个与副吸气管壁(12)对齐的通孔(25)。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的吸气管装置，其特征在于：开关辊(15)在两个相邻的通孔(16)之间有一个环形槽(26)，在环槽中装有向外张紧的活塞环(27)，活塞环(27)与纵向孔(14)内壁或衬套(24)的内壁紧接触。
4.按权利要求1-3之一所述的吸气管装置，其特征在于：进气分配器(2)是管状的；主吸气管(4-9)沿弧线绕进气分配器延伸超过270°；每个副吸气管与相应的主吸气管共用一段内壁(13)。
5.按权利要求1或2所述的吸气管装置，其特征在于：纵向孔(14)大致交割副吸气管的中部。
6.按权利要求1至5之一所述的用于双排V置多缸内燃机的吸气管装置，其特征在于：与第一排气缸相对应的吸气管绕进气分配器(2)顺时针延伸布置，与第二排气缸相对应的吸气管绕进气分配器(2)逆时针方向延伸布置；而且沿进气分配器(2)的纵轴线方向，交替排列有第一排气缸的主、副吸气管及第二排气缸的主、副吸气管；纵向孔(14)与两排气缸的副吸气管(12)相交割。
CN94194560A 1993-12-24 1994-12-08 多气缸内燃机的吸气管装置 Expired - Lifetime CN1059013C (zh)

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DE4344504A DE4344504A1 (de) 1993-12-24 1993-12-24 Saugrohranlage für eine Mehrzylinder-Brennkraftmaschine
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US5901677A (en) 1999-05-11
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JPH07253063A (ja) 1995-10-03
WO1995018295A1 (de) 1995-07-06
DE4344504A1 (de) 1995-06-29
BR9408405A (pt) 1997-08-05
CN1059013C (zh) 2000-11-29
JP3594344B2 (ja) 2004-11-24
EP0736137A1 (de) 1996-10-09

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