CN113698251A - Walnut flowering phase regulating agent and preparation method and use method thereof - Google Patents
Walnut flowering phase regulating agent and preparation method and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
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- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/14—Boron; Compounds thereof
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Abstract
The invention provides a walnut flowering phase regulating agent, a preparation method and a use method thereof, wherein the regulating agent is used for regulating and controlling the differentiation of lateral buds, mixed buds and terminal buds of walnuts so as to regulate and control the walnut flowering phase, and comprises the following components: gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, ethephon, urea, boric acid, ferrous sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, 6-benzylaminopurine and sucrose. The walnut flowering phase regulating agent provided by the invention has the advantages that organic plant growth regulating components and plant growth regulating components capable of promoting flowering and supplementing nutrient elements are separately prepared, so that the nutrient components of branches of walnut trees which want to flower are supplemented, the flowering quantity and fruit setting rate can be improved under the condition of sufficient supply of trace elements, and the germination efficiency and cold resistance of the walnut trees are effectively improved; the method has the advantages of regulating the growth of plants, promoting the generation of more auxiliary buds and axillary buds, avoiding the generation of only terminal buds, further avoiding the occurrence of the condition of reducing the fruiting rate and improving the late frost resistance of the plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of florescence regulation and control, and particularly relates to a walnut florescence regulation and control agent as well as a preparation method and a use method thereof.
Background
Walnut, also called walnut and peach brother, almond, cashew nut and golden nut are named as world famous four-dry fruit, which is native to southeast Europe, Western Asia, is the first major woody oil tree species in the world and is also one of the important economic forest tree species in China. The walnuts are generally cultivated in our province and are important dry fruit economic forest tree species in our province. The walnut kernel is rich in various unsaturated fatty acids and has high nutritional value, so the walnut industry is greatly developed in recent years and becomes a post industry and a wealth-enriching industry for accelerating farmers.
However, the annual harvest of walnuts can be achieved without only enlarging the cultivation area, and scientific and timely specialized management (such as fertilization, pruning and the like) is also adopted for walnut trees. In addition, because the phenomenon of late spring coldness often appears in most walnut planting areas in China, the young walnuts are damaged by being wonderly and frustrated in weaving, the yield of the walnuts is reduced, and if the sprouting and the flowering of the walnuts are not carefully regulated and controlled so that the walnuts bloom under the proper temperature condition, the healthy and stable development of the walnut industry can be brought with inconstant resistance.
Therefore, a regulating agent which can effectively regulate the flowering phase of the walnuts and give early-stage nutrition with the amount of results which are pre-achieved in the later stage is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a regulating agent for effectively regulating and controlling the flowering phase of walnuts and giving early-stage nutrition with a later-stage pre-reached fruiting amount, and a preparation method and a use method thereof.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: the walnut flowering phase regulating agent is used for regulating and controlling the differentiation of lateral buds, mixed buds and terminal buds of walnuts so as to regulate and control the walnut flowering phase, and comprises the following components in parts by weight:
further, the regulating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
further, the gibberellin is GA with the purity of 90% -98%3Gibberellins.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the walnut flowering phase regulating agent, which comprises the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing the gibberellin, the indoleacetic acid, the ethephon and the 6-benzylaminopurine in parts by weight, and storing the mixture in a first container at a low temperature of 5-10 ℃;
2) dissolving the urea, the boric acid, the ferrous sulfate, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the sucrose in 1-1.5L of distilled water, uniformly mixing, and placing into a second container.
Further, the first container is a light-shielding container and is a spray type container or a wide-mouth bottle.
Further, the second container is a spray-type container or a jar.
Further, the stirring speed adopted during the mixing in the step 1) is 100rpm-150rpm, and the stirring is carried out at the temperature of 5 ℃ to 10 ℃.
Further, the stirring speed adopted during the mixing in the step 2) is 200rpm-300rpm, and the stirring is carried out at the temperature of 25 ℃ to 28 ℃.
The invention also provides a use method of the walnut flowering phase regulating agent prepared by the preparation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: when the growth environment temperature of the walnut trees is 8-10 ℃, the rootstocks of the walnut trees are finished, the mixed solution obtained in the step 2) in the second container is sprayed or irrigated every 2-3 days, and water is applied once every 5 days to preserve nutrition for blooming and bud division of walnuts in advance;
s2: when the growth environment temperature of the walnut tree is 15-20 ℃, smearing the mixed solution prepared in the step 1) and stored in the first container on a robust area of the walnut tree branches every 2-3 days, or spraying the mixed solution on the walnut tree branches;
s3: and (3) after the walnut trees are smeared or sprayed for 4-5 times on the applied positions, the pretreatment process of walnut flowering phase regulation is completed.
Further, the spraying or irrigating amount in the step S1 is 5-10ml/cm2(ii) a The spraying amount of the step S2 is 2-3ml/cm2The smearing density is that every 5-10cm of walnut tree flower branches are used as a smearing point.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the walnut flowering phase regulating agent provided by the invention, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, ethephon, 6-benzylaminopurine and other organic plant growth regulating components and plant growth regulating components capable of promoting flowering and supplementing nutrient elements are separately prepared and are respectively placed in the first container and the second container, a plant growth regulating trace element solution in the second container is applied under the condition of low temperature, so that the nutrient components of branches of walnut trees which want to flower are supplemented, the flowering quantity and fruit setting rate can be improved under the condition of sufficient trace element supply, the germination efficiency and cold resistance of the walnut trees are effectively improved, and a foundation is laid for the walnut trees in the next year to keep vigorous vitality, flowering and fruiting capacity; the method has the advantages of regulating the growth of plants, promoting the generation of more auxiliary buds and axillary buds, avoiding the generation of only terminal buds, further avoiding the occurrence of the condition of reducing the fruiting rate and improving the late frost resistance of the plant.
2. The sucrose added into the regulating agent provided by the invention can prolong the service life of pollen grains after the walnut blossoms, can effectively promote the pollination fertilization process, can provide energy and raw materials for the walnut young fruits, and the compound fertilizer simultaneously added with the sucrose and boric acid can actively and effectively improve the running effect of the walnut fruit trees on the sucrose through the boric acid and can improve the flower bud germination rate and the fruit setting rate; meanwhile, the boron element is provided, so that the boron element is required for flowering of walnut trees and future fruit growth and development, the stability and integrity of cell walls during walnut fruit formation are maintained, the functions and the structures of walnut tree leaves are adjusted, the growth of pollen tubes and the germination of pollen are effectively guaranteed, and the situations that the number of flower buds is reduced and the fruit setting rate is reduced due to lack of the boron element are reduced.
3. The walnut trees need a large amount of nitrogen elements in the full-bloom stage, the fruit setting stage and the fast-growing stage, and the nitrogen elements are essential for the development of leaves, flowers, branches and fruits in the stage. The urea is added into the regulating agent provided by the application, so that nitrogen is effectively provided for the walnut in the flowering season of spring, the nitrogen is an important component of cell protoplasm, vitamins, nucleic acid, hormone, phospholipid and the like, is an essential condition for cell division, is beneficial to synthesis of carbohydrate and chlorophyll, is beneficial to flower bud differentiation of walnut trees, promotes the photosynthetic rate and increases the flower number, and therefore the fruit setting rate of the citrus trees is improved, and the opening quantity and quality of the flowering period in the regulation and expectation are guaranteed. Within a certain range, the nitrogen element not only enhances the photosynthetic rate, but also promotes the differentiation of flower buds, thereby increasing the flowering quantity of walnut trees and the final walnut yield.
4. The regulating agent provided by the invention can effectively supplement iron elements and potassium elements required by walnut trees in the flowering and bud-splitting stages by adding ferrous sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, is beneficial to promoting the flowering of the walnut trees, ensures the quality of fruits, reduces the empty kernel phenomenon of the walnut fruits finally, and improves the contents of crude protein and crude fat of the walnut fruits.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a walnut flowering phase regulating agent, which is used for regulating and controlling the differentiation of lateral buds, mixed buds and terminal buds of walnuts so as to regulate and control the walnut flowering phase, and comprises the following components in parts by weight:
gibberellin is GA with purity of 90%3Gibberellins, which are the gibberellins of the present invention's grant, have CAS numbers 77-06-5, indoleacetic acid has a CAS number 87-51-4, and 6-benzylaminopurine has a CAS number 1214-39-7.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the walnut florescence regulator, which comprises the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing 30 parts of gibberellin, 15 parts of indoleacetic acid, 25 parts of ethephon and 3 parts of 6-benzylaminopurine at the rotating speed of 100rpm at the temperature of 5 ℃, placing the mixture into a shading wide-mouth bottle serving as a first container, and storing the mixture at the low temperature of 5 ℃;
2) 40 parts of urea, 10 parts of boric acid, 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 8 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 10 parts of sucrose were dissolved in 1L of distilled water, stirred uniformly at a rotation speed of 200rpm at 25 ℃, and placed in a jar as a second container.
The application method of the walnut flowering phase regulating agent prepared by the preparation method provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: when the growth environment temperature of the walnut trees is 8 ℃, the rootstocks of the walnut trees are finished, and the mixed solution obtained in the step 2) in the second container is poured every 2 days, wherein the pouring amount is 5ml/cm2Controlling water application once every 5 days to preserve nutrition for walnut blooming and bud division;
s2: when the growth environment temperature of the walnut tree is 15 ℃, smearing the mixed solution prepared in the step 1) and stored in the first container on a robust area of the walnut tree flowering branches every 2 days, wherein the smearing density is that the walnut tree flowering branches are used as a smearing point every 5-10 cm;
s3: and (3) after the walnut trees are smeared or sprayed for 5 times on the applied positions, the pretreatment process of walnut flowering phase regulation is completed.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a walnut flowering phase regulating agent, which is used for regulating and controlling the differentiation of lateral buds, mixed buds and terminal buds of walnuts so as to regulate and control the walnut flowering phase, and comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the gibberellin used in this example was GA with a purity of 95%3Gibberellins.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the walnut flowering phase regulating agent, which comprises the following steps:
1) stirring 40 parts of gibberellin, 18 parts of indoleacetic acid, 27 parts of ethephon and 4 parts of 6-benzylaminopurine at the rotation speed of 150rpm at 10 ℃, uniformly mixing, placing into a shading spray can serving as a first container, and storing at a low temperature of 10 ℃;
2) 45 parts of urea, 12 parts of boric acid, 8 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 12 parts of sucrose were dissolved in 1.25L of distilled water, stirred and mixed uniformly at a rotation speed of 250rpm at 28 ℃, and placed in a jar as a second container.
The embodiment also provides a use method of the walnut flowering phase regulating agent prepared by the preparation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: when the growth environment temperature of the walnut trees is 9 ℃, the rootstocks of the walnut trees are finished, and the mixed solution obtained in the step 2) in the second container is poured every 2 days, wherein the pouring amount is 8ml/cm2Controlling water application once every 5 days to preserve nutrition for walnut blooming and bud division;
s2: spraying the mixed solution stored in the first container prepared in the step 1) to the flowering branches of the walnut trees every 3 days when the growth environment temperature of the walnut trees is 17 ℃, wherein the spraying amount is 2ml/cm2；
S3: and (3) after the walnut trees are smeared or sprayed for 4 times on the applied positions, the pretreatment process of walnut flowering phase regulation is completed.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a walnut flowering phase regulating agent, which is used for regulating and controlling the differentiation of lateral buds, mixed buds and terminal buds of walnuts so as to regulate and control the walnut flowering phase, and comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the gibberellin used in this example was GA with a purity of 98%3Gibberellins.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the walnut flowering phase regulating agent, which comprises the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing 50 parts of gibberellin, 20 parts of indoleacetic acid, 30 parts of ethephon and 5 parts of 6-benzylaminopurine at the rotating speed of 125rpm at the temperature of 8 ℃, and placing the mixture into a shading wide-mouth bottle serving as a first container to be stored at the low temperature of 8 ℃;
2) 50 parts of urea, 15 parts of boric acid, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 12 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 15 parts of sucrose are dissolved in 1.5L of distilled water, stirred and mixed uniformly at the rotating speed of 300rpm and the temperature of 26 ℃, and the mixture is placed in a sprinkling can serving as a second container.
The invention also provides a use method of the walnut flowering phase regulating agent prepared by the preparation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: when the growth environment temperature of the walnut trees is 10 ℃, finishing the rootstocks of the walnut trees, and spraying the mixed solution obtained in the step 2) in the second container every 3 days, wherein the spraying amount is 10ml/cm2Controlling water application once every 5 days to preserve nutrition for walnut blooming and bud division in advance;
s2: when the growth environment temperature of the walnut tree is 20 ℃, smearing the mixed solution which is prepared in the step 1) and stored in the first container on a robust area of the walnut tree flowering branch every 2 days, wherein the smearing density is that the walnut tree flowering branch is used as a smearing point every 10 cm;
s3: and (3) after the walnut trees are smeared or sprayed for 5 times on the applied positions, the pretreatment process of walnut flowering phase regulation is completed.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is different from example 1 only in that gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, ethephon and 6-benzylaminopurine provided by the invention are not adopted, namely the solution with the plant growth regulation is not used for smearing or spraying the strong area of the walnut tree branches during the use process, namely the step of S2 is not carried out.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is different from example 1 only in that the solution with the plant growth regulation function is not used for spraying or irrigating the rhizomes of the walnut trees during the use process, namely the step S1 is not used, and the urea, the boric acid, the ferrous sulfate, the monopotassium phosphate and the cane sugar are not used.
Test example 1
The fruit setting rate and the single-plant walnut yield of the walnut trees regulated and controlled by the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2 are tested. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Index (I) | Percentage of fruit set (%) | Single plant walnut yield (kg) |
| Example 1 | 81.36 | 15.89 |
| Example 2 | 83.77 | 16.74 |
| Example 3 | 85.59 | 18.78 |
| Comparative example 1 | 31.26 | 3.22 |
| Comparative example 2 | 30.05 | 3.56 |
Test example 2
The nut quality (crude fat content, crude protein content, kernel yield and single fruit weight) of the walnut fruit trees regulated and controlled by the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2 of the invention. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no conflict between the technical solutions. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The walnut flowering phase regulating agent is used for regulating and controlling the differentiation of lateral buds, mixed buds and terminal buds of walnuts so as to regulate and control the walnut flowering phase, and is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
2. the walnut flowering phase regulating agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the regulating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
3. the walnut flowering phase regulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gibberellin is GA with a purity of 90% -98%3Gibberellins.
4. The preparation method of the walnut flowering phase regulating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing the gibberellin, the indoleacetic acid, the ethephon and the 6-benzylaminopurine in parts by weight, and storing the mixture in a first container at a low temperature of 5-10 ℃;
2) dissolving the urea, the boric acid, the ferrous sulfate, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the sucrose in 1-1.5L of distilled water, uniformly mixing, and placing into a second container.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first container is a light-shielding container and is a spray-type container or a jar.
6. The method of manufacturing of claim 4, wherein the second container is a spray-type container or a jar.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the mixing in step 1) is carried out at a stirring speed of 100rpm to 150rpm at 5 ℃ to 10 ℃.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein the step 2) is carried out at a stirring speed of 200rpm to 300rpm at 25 ℃ to 28 ℃.
9. The use method of the walnut flowering phase regulating agent prepared by the preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: when the growth environment temperature of the walnut trees is 8-10 ℃, the rootstocks of the walnut trees are finished, the mixed solution obtained in the step 2) in the second container is sprayed or irrigated every 2-3 days, and water is applied once every 5 days to preserve nutrition for blooming and bud division of walnuts in advance;
s2: when the growth environment temperature of the walnut tree is 15-20 ℃, smearing the mixed solution prepared in the step 1) and stored in the first container on a robust area of the walnut tree branches every 2-3 days, or spraying the mixed solution on the walnut tree branches;
s3: and (3) after the walnut trees are smeared or sprayed for 4-5 times on the applied positions, the pretreatment process of walnut flowering phase regulation is completed.
10. The use of rhizomes of claim 9, wherein the amount of spraying or irrigating at step S1 is 5-10ml/cm2(ii) a The spraying amount of the step S2 is 2-3ml/cm2The smearing density is that every 5-10cm of walnut tree flower branches are used as a smearing point.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN103232279A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-08-07 | 王晶平 | Pre-emergence topdressing fertilizer for walnut tree and preparation method thereof |
| CN104813890A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-05 | 山西省林业科学研究院 | Method for promoting blooming and fruit setting of walnut after freeze injury of late frost |
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